JP6285326B2 - Tool holder and cutting tool - Google Patents

Description

The present invention, among the turning of the work object (workpiece), the rear ground (back grinding) suitable bytes holder in the processing, and this byte holder (hereinafter, simply referred to as the holder) tip seat of the tip portion of the The present invention relates to a cutting tool (bite) in which a cutting tip is fixed to a tip fixing portion including a cutting tool.

Post-grinding is performed by feeding the cutting tool in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the lathe spindle (workpiece) by a predetermined depth of cut and moving the collar back (end face) to the rotation axis. After finishing the vertical feed (after a predetermined cut), the outer diameter is machined by performing a lateral feed that moves the cutting tool in a direction parallel to the rotation axis. It is such processing. FIG. 9 shows an example of a cutting tip (cutting insert such as a throw-away tip) 200 used for post-grinding by processing a rib back (end face) and processing an outer diameter in a direction away from the rib back. It is explanatory drawing when it sees from the 203 side. As shown in FIG. 9 , such a cutting tip 200 includes a linear end face side cutting edge 205 having an appropriate back rake, a short bottom edge (wiper edge) 207 connected to the tip, and the bottom edge. The one having an inclined blade (also referred to as a horizontal cutting blade) 209 extending obliquely rearward from 207 is used. Here, the inclined blade 209 is inclined in a single flow toward the rear with an appropriate gradient or the like in order to obtain the finished surface accuracy or optimization of the chip thickness, and the bottom blade 207 having a short tip. Is generally formed to have a gentle gradient so as to approach the rotation axis of the spindle (hereinafter also simply referred to as the rotation axis). In post-grinding, as shown in FIG. 10A , a cutting tool in which such a cutting tip 200 is fixed to a predetermined holder (shank) 100 is used. In the machining, when the cutting tip 200 is viewed from the rake face side, the end face side cutting edge 205 of the work piece (round bar) W is perpendicular to the rotation axis G after machining. (End face) It is made to be located on the T side, and is fixed to a tool post of, for example, an automatic lathe via a holder 100 and used for processing. In the initial stage of this processing, as shown in FIG. 10- A, the bottom blade 207 is moved by vertically feeding the tool post and cutting the bottom blade (front cutting blade) 207 at the tip into the work W. The corner back (end face) T perpendicular to the rotation axis G is processed at a corner (cut edge corner) formed by the end face side cutting edge 205. Then, after the end of the vertical feed, as shown in FIG. 10- B, the end face side cutting edge 205 relatively feeds the tool post in the direction away from the collar back T (parallel to the rotation axis). Thus, a predetermined range of outer diameter processing is performed. In addition, in an automatic lathe equipped with a material feeding (returning) device, such a lateral feed is performed by automatically feeding a work piece (long round bar) placed in a hollow spindle. There is no movement to the side of itself.

By the way, when performing the above-described post-grinding processing, chips generated during the cutting process contact or collide with the collar T, or depending on the work piece (metal material), welding, etc. Therefore, the processed surface of the collar T tends to be roughened, and there is a basic problem that the accuracy (surface roughness) of the finished surface is lowered. The mechanism is as follows. As shown in FIG. 10- A, in the process of cutting into the outer peripheral surface of the round bar that is the work W for processing of the front flange T at the time of post-grinding, the inclination including the bottom blade 207 at the tip is included. It is sharpened with a blade (an inclined horizontal cutting blade) 209. The bottom blade 207 and the inclined blade 209 are sometimes referred to as a front cutting edge. Chips generated by cutting with the inclined blade 209 are discharged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the inclined blade 209 when viewed from the rake face 203 side, as indicated by a plurality of parallel arrows in FIG. Is done. As a result, chips generated in the cutting (vertical feed) process contact or collide with the end face side cutting edge 205 side, that is, the collar back face (end face) T in the middle of processing.

And when the outside diameter processing is performed by changing the feed to the transverse feed after the end of the incision, basically, there is no change in the chip discharging direction, so the same problem occurs in at least the initial stage of the transverse feed. is there. That is, it is mainly the inclined blade 209 that is responsible for cutting the outer peripheral surface by lateral feed. Therefore, when viewed from the rake face side, most of the chips are inclined blade 209 as shown in FIG. 10- B . It is cut out and discharged as indicated by a plurality of parallel arrows in the figure, and there is almost no change in the outflow direction. For this reason, when the collar back T is in a positional relationship existing on the extended line in the chip discharge direction by the inclined blade 209, the chips tend to contact or collide with the collar back surface (end face) T. As described above, in the post-grinding process, there is a problem that the surface roughness of the machined surface of the back surface of the brim during or after the machining is reduced because there is contact or collision of the chips with the rib back surface (end face) T. Basically exists. Such problems are caused by the fact that the cutting edge angle (front cutting edge angle) of the inclined blade 209 is large, the cutting depth (dimension in the radial direction of the collar) is large, and the work material is as hard as stainless steel. In addition, it is easy to be manifested in a material that is prone to chip growth. As a result, in the machining of shaft parts including post-grinding, it may be difficult to finish the entire shaft part including the back of the collar with high precision in a single turning operation. However, after the post-grinding process, the back of the collar had to be finished separately.

  Under such circumstances, a technique has been proposed in which the cutting chips as described above are improved to prevent chips from coming into contact with the back of the collar (Patent Document 1). In this invention, the height (center height) of the end face side cutting edge is made higher than the height of the inclined cutting edge (horizontal cutting edge), or the shape of the rake face breaker (breaker groove) is devised to be cut with an inclined cutting edge. The flow of chips that are about to flow on the end face side cutting edge side, that is, the back side of the collar, can be guided and changed so as not to contact or collide with the back side of the collar.

  On the other hand, as a measure for preventing a decrease in surface roughness due to contact of chips, etc., coolant (cutting fluid such as cutting oil) is also supplied to a cutting location (cutting edge). By supplying coolant, the cutting edge (cutting edge) is cooled (preventing temperature rise) and the cutting edge is prevented from being worn by lubrication. . Under such circumstances, a flow path for supplying coolant is formed in the holder in a tunnel shape, and its outlet is provided at the tip of the holder, and the coolant that is pumped in the flow path is supplied from the outlet to the coolant flow (high-pressure jet flow). Various holders having an internal structure that is ejected and supplied to the cutting blade have been proposed (for example, Patent Document 2). In the technique described in Patent Document 2, in the grooving tool different from the above-described post-grinding process, a nozzle is provided that is ejected toward the rake face side of the chip within the groove width of the groove processed by the coolant. Technology has been proposed.

JP 2012-250296 A JP 7-227702 A

  In the cutting tip for post-grinding described in Patent Document 1 described above, the discharge direction of chips generated in the cutting process is prevented from colliding with the back of the collar by changing the height of the cutting edge or improving the shape of the breaker. By guiding, the surface roughness of the back of the collar is reduced. As described above, in the present invention, since the height of the cutting edge of the cutting tip and the shape of the rake face (breaker groove) are changed or improved, the use of such a cutting tip is assumed. That is, the cutting tips for post-grinding that have been distributed and used in the past cannot cope with this, and there is a problem that it is necessary to prepare a large number of other tips with newly changed cutting edge heights and the like. .

  Moreover, in patent document 2, about a rake surface side, a jet nozzle is provided so that it may eject toward the rake surface side of a chip within the groove width of the groove | channel which processes the coolant to pump. For this reason, the injection direction of this coolant is the same as the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, that is, the cutting direction, when viewed from the rake face side. That is, even if such a spout is applied to the above cutting tool used for post-grinding, the effect of preventing the contact of the chips generated by the cutting with the inclined blade to the rib back (end face) and the collision is sufficient. Cannot be obtained. Furthermore, in the grooving process, the chips discharged during the process meander or flutter and are discharged. For this reason, in the above-described technique in which the coolant is ejected in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, it is inevitable that chips come into contact with the end faces (both groove wall surfaces) sandwiching the groove to be processed. As a result, even according to such an invention, the surface roughness of the groove wall surface is likely to be lowered due to contact of discharged chips and the like. In this case, if the cutting edge for grooving (front cutting edge) is given a front cutting edge angle (inclination) to direct the direction of chip discharge, it is mainly received by the orientation. Since the surface roughness of the wall surface of one of the grooves that is to be reduced is relatively large, there is a problem similar to that in longitudinal feed in post-grinding.

The present inventors have found that chips are Oite discharged machining sawing after as described above, contact or collide with the flange back, whereby the scratches is about or to surface finish reduced to the working surface In order to prevent this problem, we have earnestly researched and repeated test cutting, and have come to know the means to effectively solve or alleviate these problems.

The present invention provides a coolant outlet in the holder without changing the cutting edge height, breaker shape, etc. of the cutting tip itself, and the direction of the injection and the portion of the cutting edge to which the coolant is supplied by the injection. by optimizing, providing a very effective technique for preventing deterioration of the processing surface roughness of the flange was Oite generated in the rear ground working back (end face) and an object.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an end face side cutting edge for performing cutting that finishes the rib back to a surface perpendicular to the rotation axis of the work piece by vertical feed, and a method of moving away from the rib back after vertical feed. A cutting edge responsible for the outer diameter machining of the work piece by transverse feed, a bottom blade connected to the tip of the end face side cutting edge, and an inclined blade extending obliquely rearward from the bottom blade as viewed from the rake face side provided with a chip fixing portion including a tip seat for fixing the cutting tip for ground working after having, toward the cutting edge of the cutting tip is fixed to the chip fixing unit, the rake face side of the cutting chip At the position near the tip of the holder so that the jet outlet opened so that the coolant can be jetted and supplied from the rear is at the same height as the rake face of the cutting tip or above the rake face. In the tool holder that is provided
Said coolant, said one cutting edge of the cutting tip is fixed to the chip fixing portion, the end face cutting edge responsible for cutting to finish the collar back to the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the work object, poured behind the collar When viewed from the side of the rake face, the coolant is inclined with respect to a line perpendicular to the rotation axis of the work piece so that the coolant flows in a straight line and can be reached. The ejection port is provided so as to be ejected in a straight line direction that is given and drawn.

The invention of claim 2 is directed the coolant becomes the coolant flow which forms a straight line, and that can reach, among the cutting edge of the cutting tip fixed to the tip fixed portion, the work product 2. The tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the tool holder is a tip of an end face side cutting edge that performs cutting for finishing the collar back on a surface perpendicular to the rotation axis.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the jet nozzle has a linear shape on the back of the collar where the coolant is finished to a surface perpendicular to the rotation axis of the workpiece together with the end face side cutting edge of the cutting tip. 3. The tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the tool holder is provided so that it can be bathed in a coolant flow.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the coolant, the coolant is linearly formed from below the rake face of the cutting tip on the flank side of the cutting tip toward the bottom blade of the cutting tip or the vicinity thereof. The lower jet outlet opened so that it can be ejected and supplied to the tip is provided at the tip of the holder protruding at the tip of the tip seat. It is a holder for a cutting tool described.
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the jet outlet and the lower jet outlet are arranged so that the coolant does not contact or interfere with each other in each coolant flow that forms a straight line. The tool holder according to claim 4.

The invention according to claim 6 is a cutting characterized in that the cutting tip for post-grinding is fixed to the tip fixing portion of the tool holder according to any one of claims 1 to 5. It is a tool. In the present application , the term “rake face” for a tool holder (or simply a holder) means a face that is in the same direction as the rake face of a cutting tip fixed to the holder, and “side clearance face” for a tool holder. When it says, it shall mean the surface of the cutting tip fixed to this holder and the same direction as the side flank surface.

In the tool holder according to the present invention, based on the above configuration, as a cutting tool (tool) with a cutting tip fixed to the holder, a work piece (round bar) , when performing post-grinding, from the start of the longitudinal feed until terminated, and, also in the lateral feed after the completion of the coolant (the cutting fluid, such as switching Kezuabura), when viewed from the rake face side, in a state where the inclination angle α is assigned, end face cutting edge, or toward the distal end of the end face-side cutting edge ejected as a linear coolant flow can be supplied. For this reason, in the post-grinding process, from the start to the end of the vertical feed, and further from the start in the subsequent lateral feed, the amount of the inclination angle α is given for a considerable time, so that the coolant is backed ( It can be bathed on the (end face) side. The coolant bathed on the back of the brim in this manner forms a coolant film (hereinafter referred to as a liquid film or liquid film layer) on the back of the brim (end surface) during processing or the like by rotation of the work piece. It can prevent or weaken scrap contact and collision.

  That is, according to the present invention, on the basis of the configuration, the chips discharged by the cutting with the inclined blade at the time of vertical feeding during the post-grinding process and at the time of horizontal feeding are inclined angles of the inclined blade (front cutting edge). Depending on the angle, it flows diagonally backward toward the back of the collar, and even if it contacts or collides with the back of the collar, a liquid film (layer) is formed by coolant, so it is indirectly through that. Contact or collision. As a result, as in the conventional case, in the state where such a liquid film (layer) is not formed, compared to the processing in the case where chips come into contact with the back of the collar, the back of the collar is scratched or caused by chips. It is possible to prevent the processed surface roughness from being lowered due to the occurrence of welding.

In addition, the coolant film (layer) formed on the back of the collar rotates at high speed along with the workpiece as the back of the collar rotates, so that chips coming into contact with the back of the collar are blown away or flipped. The flying action can also be obtained effectively. Thus, in the case of post-grinding in the cutting tool using the holder of the present invention, a liquid film (layer) that rotates with the collar can be formed on the back of the collar, so that the impact caused by contact and collision of chips can be reduced. At the same time, the positive removal action by blowing off the chips can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to prevent a reduction in the roughness of the work surface on the back of the collar in post-grinding processing, so that highly accurate shaft parts can be obtained efficiently. Of the end face-side cutting edges, the location where the coolant should be directed and reach a linear coolant flow may be set according to the cutting conditions such as the cutting depth in the longitudinal feed. . If the cutting depth is shallow such, as set forth in claim 2, or a tip end face side cutting edge. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in order to enhance the effect of preventing wear of the cutting edge, the coolant is also applied to a surface perpendicular to the rotation axis of the work piece together with the end face side cutting edge of the cutting tip. It is good to be able to bathe. The inclination angle α may be set according to the depth of cutting, the width of the cutting edge, or the groove width, the size of the cross section of the straight coolant (jet diameter), the jet pressure, etc. Generally, it is preferable to set it to 3 degrees or more.

As described above, in the present invention, not by changing the shape or the like of the cutting tip, the coolant outlet is provided in the holder as described above, and the ejection direction and the supply site are optimized. in, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the processing surface roughness of the flange back surface which has been Oite generated in the rear ground machining. For this reason, since the cutting tip currently used can be used as it is , it is very efficient .

In the cutting tool using the holder of the present invention according to claim 4, it is possible to ensure the supply of coolant to the flank side. For this reason, since the lubrication or cooling action of the cutting edge is further enhanced, a more favorable cutting can be obtained along with the extension of the life of the entire cutting edge. That is, the coolant that is ejected toward the end face side cutting edge, in addition to its general function and effect, as described above, has a protective film forming action against chips that are about to come into contact with the cut back surface of the collar. There is a main focus. On the other hand, in the post-grinding process, outer diameter processing is performed by lateral feed after vertical feed, so the contact point between the work material in the bottom blade and the inclined blade mainly responsible for the outer diameter machining is separately, Coolant should be supplied. As this case, the width of the front cutting edge of the cutting chip used in came back minced because usually narrow, separately in such coolant rake face side spout of, but is not easy to provide, to supply the flank face side There is no hindrance to the installation. Moreover, since the coolant can be efficiently supplied to the entire necessary portion by providing the jet outlets so as to supply the coolant from both in this way, the overall finished surface accuracy can be improved. In this case, as in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the coolant can be efficiently supplied to the portions of the respective cutting edges by avoiding interference and collision between the two coolants. In addition, the jet nozzle (including the lower jet nozzle) provided in the present invention may be provided directly on the holder itself, or another member attached to or fixed to the holder (for example, for clamping on the rake face for fixing the cutting tip) In the clamp method of pressing with the piece, it may be provided on the piece as a separate part. And all of these spouts may be provided not only in one place but in two or more places.

The perspective view of Embodiment 1 which actualized the holder for tools of the present invention, and the principal part enlarged view. The figure which looked at the holder for tools of Drawing 1 from the rake face side, and the principal part enlarged view. The figure which looked at the holder for tools of Drawing 1 from the side flank side, and the principal part enlarged view. It is a figure explaining the cutting tip (cutting tip for post-grinding processing) fixed to the chip | tip fixing | fixed part of the tool holder for FIG. 1, Comprising: A is the figure seen from the side flank side with an inclined blade in front, B The figure seen from the rake face side, C is the figure seen from the bottom blade side, D is a perspective view. The enlarged perspective view which looked at the front-end | tip site | part of the cutting tool which fixes a cutting tip to the chip | tip fixing | fixed part of the holder for cutting tools of FIG. 1 from the inclined blade side of the cutting tip. The expansion perspective view which looked at the front-end | tip part of the cutting tool which fixes a cutting tip to the chip | tip fixing | fixed part of the holder for tools of FIG. 1 from the end surface side cutting edge side of the cutting tip. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a main part viewed from the rake face side, illustrating when the workpiece is post-ground with the cutting tools of FIGS. 5 and 6, and A is when the vertical feed is finished. Fig. B is a diagram after starting horizontal feed. In FIG. 7, it is explanatory drawing when it sees from the side flank side. Explanatory drawing when an example of the conventional cutting tip used for post-grinding is seen from the rake face side. It is explanatory drawing when the state which is post-grinding with the conventional cutting tool fixed to the cutting-tip holder of FIG. 9 is seen from the rake face side, and A is the bottom blade ( When cutting the front cutting edge) into the work W, B is each explanatory drawing when carrying out outer diameter processing by carrying out lateral feed after the end of longitudinal feed.

Embodiment 1 in which a cutting tool formed by fixing a cutting tip to a holder for a cutting tool according to the present invention and a tip fixing portion (chip pocket) thereof will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. . In the figure, reference numeral 100 denotes a tool holder, which is formed by using a bar (square bar) extending forward and backward in a certain rectangular (rectangular) cross section as a base material (base). A tip portion (head) 102 of the holder 100 has a protruding portion 106 having a raised shape on an upper surface 105 (a surface facing the rake face; hereinafter also referred to as a rake face), which will be described in detail later. As shown in FIG. 4, the same cutting tip (cutting tip for post-grinding, hereinafter referred to as a cutting tip or simply a tip) 200 as shown in FIG. 110).

  The tip fixing portion 110 has a concave portion that is recessed by opening the tip 103 side on the side surface (lateral flank surface side) 120 of the tip portion (tip tip portion) 102 of the holder 100. In this example, the cutting tip 200 is a tip that has two bottom blades (cutting edge corners) 207 in a side view (see FIG. 4-A), roughly, a parallelogram shape, and each of the long sides ( The tip fixing portion 110 is provided with a tip seat 111 that supports a portion on the one long side H1 so that the bottom portion (H1) of the tip receives the main component force at the time of cutting. That is, the tip fixing portion (hereinafter, also referred to as a recess) 110 protrudes a bottom blade (cutting edge corner) 207 forming one acute corner of the parallelogram in the cutting tip 200 by an amount necessary for processing, and its long side The H1 side is supported by the chip seat 111 so that the chip 200 can be accommodated and fixed. For this reason, the concave portion 110 has three walls on the side surface (lateral relief surface side) of the holder 100. That is, the concave portion 110 includes a rear wall 113 that constrains the short side H2 side of the other bottom blade 207 of the chip 200, and a long side (bottom portion) H1 opposite to the rake face 203 that handles cutting in the housed and fixed state. Chip seat side wall (chip side wall) 111 to be restrained, and a rake face side wall which is formed so as to hold a gap on the side of the rake face 203 of the chip 200 to be fixed and which is positioned below the convex portion 106 substantially parallel to the chip seat It has 114 three walls. The recess 110 is surrounded by each of these walls, and has a flat surface (surface facing the lateral relief surface) that forms the bottom surface (bottom wall) 115 of the recess 110. Note that the depth of the recess 110 (the depth of the chip fixing portion on the side surface (lateral relief surface 120) of the holder 100; the height of each wall) is substantially the same as the thickness of the chip 100 to be fixed.

  Then, on the bottom surface (bottom wall) 115 of the chip fixing part (recessed part) 110, a cutting chip (chip with a hole 213) 200 is seated on the chip seat 111, and a flat surface 220 forming a parallelogram plate of the chip. Is attached to the bottom wall 115, and a screw hole 118 is provided for fixing (hereinafter, screwed) a predetermined set screw 250 through the hole 213 by a screwing method. In this example, when the cutting tip 200 is fixed by the screwing method in this way, as described above, the rake face 203 that forms the bottom blade 207 including one acute corner of the parallelogram is formed on the convex portion 106. The tip of the lower rake face side wall 114, that is, the tip face 107 of the convex portion 106, protrudes by a dimension set corresponding to the cut amount. In this example, the tip seat 111 is recessed at the front and rear intermediate portions so that the bottom portion of the chip 200 (long side H1 of the parallelogram) is supported two points at the front and rear. Further, the rear portion of the chip seat 111 is cut with a concave groove 119 extending obliquely rearward from the rear wall 113 toward the bottom surface (surface opposite to the rake face) 122 of the holder 100, and the chip 200 to be fixed is fixed. This is a relief part of the other corner (bottom blade 207) in the parallelogram.

Further, the protruding portion 106 provided in a protruding shape at the tip end portion 102 of the tool holder 100 has an outlet 150 for opening coolant (cutting oil), which will be described in detail later, on the tip surface 107 thereof. Yes. The jet nozzle 150 is seen from the rake face 203 side of the cutting edge of the cutting tip 200 to which the coolant that is pumped through the coolant supply passage provided in the tunnel shape in the holder 100 is fixed. At this time, it is provided so as to be ejected in a jet stream toward the end face side cutting edge 205 (see FIGS. 5 to 7). The coolant supply flow path will be described later.

  In addition, the cut surface 108 is formed in a chamfered shape at an angle formed by the tip surface 107 and the upper surface (rake face facing surface) 106a in the convex portion 106. Further, in the tip 103 of the tool holder 100, a portion excluding the raised convex portion 106, that is, a portion 109 below the rake face 203 of the cutting tip 200 to be fixed is a portion forming the tip seat 111. To the vicinity of the tip 103 of the (lower jaw portion 123), it is formed in an arc shape that forms a recess that protrudes from the side (as viewed from the side flank 120) and protrudes downward (see FIG. 3). The chip seat forming portion is also formed in the same arc shape as viewed from the side. The arc on the tip 103 side of the holder 100 is set on the outer peripheral surface of the work (round bar) with a cutting edge including a bottom blade 207 that protrudes when the cutting tip 200 is seated and fixed on the tip seat 111. When the maximum amount is cut, a minute gap is secured between the round bar and the outer peripheral surface.

  The side surface 129 opposite to the tip fixing portion (recessed portion) 110 in the tip end portion 102 of the holder 100 including the tip seat forming portion (lower jaw portion) 123 is a tapered cut as shown in FIG. A chamfered or inclined surface 125, 126b is appropriately formed and formed in a cut shape on the distal end portion 102, such as being cut into a surface 126a. Further, among the tip seat forming portion (lower jaw portion) 123 protruding in an arc shape, the surface 128 facing the bottom blade 207 of the tip 200 to be fixed (the rake face of the tip 200) will be described in detail later. A coolant spout (hereinafter referred to as a “lower spout”) 160 different from the coolant spout 150 opened in the tip surface 107 of the convex portion 106 is opened. The lower jet port 160 is directed toward the flank faces 215 and 217 forming the cutting edge (bottom edge 207 or inclined cutting edge 209) of the cutting tip 200 to be fixed, that is, when viewed from the side of the lateral flank face. The coolant is provided obliquely upward so as to be ejected in the form of a jet stream, and is formed so as to be connected to a flow path provided in a tunnel shape in the holder 100.

In this example, the cutting tip 200 fixed to the tip fixing portion 110 of the holder 100 has the shape shown in FIG. That is, the chip 200 has a substantially parallelogram-like plate shape as described above, and is the same as the conventional one shown in FIG. Explained. That is, each cutting edge in the chip 200 is formed on the bottom wall 115 of the recess 110 that forms the chip fixing portion when viewed from the rake face 203 side (the side of the rake face 203 that forms the long side H1 of the parallelogram). From the end to be pressed (the parallelogram flat surface 220 side), the end face side cutting edge 205 that forms a straight line, the bottom edge (wiper edge) 207 provided at the tip of the edge, and the bottom edge 207 It consists of an inclined blade (lateral cutting blade) 209 which is inclined obliquely rearward and forms a tapering linear shape. However, when viewed from the rake face 203 side, the bottom blade 207 positioned at the tip of the inclined blade 209 is formed so that the inclination angle thereof is closer to the rotation axis than the inclined blade 209. Note that the cutting tip 200 of the present example is directed toward the vicinity of the tip of the end face side cutting edge 205 so that the breaker groove 210 extends along the inclined blade 209 for processing of chips discharged on the rake face 203. Is formed. The parallelogram surface 223 on the opposite side of the tip 200 that is pressed against the bottom wall 115 of the tip fixing portion 110 (the parallelogram flat surface 220 side) is the center corresponding to the two inclined blades 209. The hole 213 side is formed on a raised surface.

Now, in the cutting tool holder 100 of the present example, as described above, the cutting tip 200 is fixed to the tip surface 107 of the convex portion 106 formed so as to protrude upward on the tip portion 102. A coolant outlet (hole) 150 is opened so as to be positioned above the rake face 203 of the tip 200 when fixed to the portion 110. The jet port 150 is a tip of a nozzle-like hole 152 having a circular cross section and provided in a tunnel shape in the convex portion 106. The nozzle-shaped hole 152 has an end line on the end face side that is responsible for cutting the workpiece among cutting edges of the cutting tip 200 in which the coolant is ejected from the axis N1 of the hole. When viewed from the rake face 105 side so as to face and reach the blade 205 as a linear coolant flow (see FIGS. 2 and 7 etc.), the rotation axis G of the work W An inclination angle α is given to the line L1 drawn perpendicularly to the line L1 so as to be along a straight line drawn.

  However, in this example, the spout 150 is within the range of the thickness (cutting edge) of the tip 200 or the depth of the recess 110 when viewed from the rake face 203 side of the cutting tip 200 to be fixed. Is provided to exist. In this example, the jet port 150 is provided on the tip surface 107 of the convex portion 106 positioned above the rake face 203 of the chip 200 to be fixed. For this reason, when viewed from the side (side surface of the holder 100) (see FIG. 3, FIG. 8, etc.), the hole axis N1 is provided so as to face obliquely downward. In addition, even if the location where the spout 150 is opened is provided at substantially the same height as that above the rake face 203, it continues to the opening so as to be ejected along the rake face 203. The direction of the axis N1 of the nozzle-like hole 152 may be set to be horizontal, for example, when the holder 100 is viewed from the side.

In this example, the jet port 150 is directed to and reaches the end face side cutting edge 205. However, when the cutting amount is small, the tip of the end face side cutting edge 205 (tip of the bottom blade 207 ), It is good to go to and reach. In these, the coolant may be bathed only on the cutting edge (end face side cutting edge 205), but it may be bathed directly or indirectly on the work piece (back of the collar) together with the cutting edge. Is good. For this reason, the diameter (cross section) of the jet outlet 150 and the coolant flow is such that the diameter of the back surface of the work piece, the length of the end face side cutting edge 205, What is necessary is just to set according to the pressure of the coolant, pumping speed, etc. which are pumped. Further, in this example, the ejection port 150 is provided so as to exist within the range of the width of the cutting edge when viewed from the rake face 203 side of the fixed cutting tip 200. When (depth) is shallow, it may be provided so as to exist outside the range of the width of the cutting edge. That is, if the coolant flows toward and reaches the end face side cutting edge 205 during cutting of the work piece, the inclination angle α is large, along the inclined blade 209, and jetted from the outside thereof. You may make it do.

  In addition, the flow path for ejecting the coolant from the ejection port 150 is formed as follows (see FIGS. 2 to 4). In this example, a main flow path 154 for supplying coolant is formed in a tunnel shape in the holder 100 around a virtual straight line extending in the front-rear direction of the holder 100 from the rear end surface 104 to the front end 103 of the tool holder 100. ing. The main flow path 154 forms a blind hole whose tip is closed in the vicinity of the tip of the holder 100, and a nozzle-like hole 152 that is continuous with the opening of the jet outlet 150 at a portion near the tip of the blind hole. So as to communicate with the rake face 203 of the holder 100 at an appropriate inclination angle, and a branch channel 153 comprising a blind hole drilled from a face (bottom face) 122 opposite to the rake face 203 in the holder 100. Is formed. Thereby, the main flow path 154 and the nozzle-like hole 152 are communicated with each other.

  In this example, as described above, the coolant supply injection port (hereinafter referred to as the lower injection port 160) is also opened in the tip seat forming portion (lower jaw portion) 123 protruding in an arc shape. Yes. The lower-side jet outlet 160 is provided so that coolant can be jetted in a jet stream toward the flank surfaces 215 and 217 near the tips of the bottom blade 207 and the inclined blade 209 of the cutting tip 200 to be fixed. . For this reason, the nozzle-like hole 162 is provided so that the tip of the axis (straight line) N2 passes through the vicinity of the flank surfaces 215 and 217 near the tips of the bottom blade 207 and the inclined blade 209 of the cutting tip 200. ing. In this example, a branch channel 163 that communicates with the main channel 154 is separately formed from the tip surface 103 so that the coolant can be pumped into the nozzle-like hole 162 that communicates with the lower jet port 160. . In addition, although the coolant ejected from the above-described ejection port 150 and the coolant ejected from the lower side ejection port 160 (each coolant flow forming both straight lines) may contact or interfere with each other, this example Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the lower jet port 160 is arranged with respect to the jet port 150 so that there is no contact or interference.

  Thereby, in the holder 100 of this example, the coolant pressure-fed from the outside to the main flow path 154 passes through the branch flow path 153 and the nozzle-shaped hole 152 as shown in the respective drawings, and from the jet outlet 150. Then, it passes through another branch channel 163 and the nozzle-like hole 162, and from the lower jet outlet 160 in the form of a jet stream along the axis lines (directions) N1 and N2 of the nozzle-like holes 152 and 162, respectively. It is configured to be ejected. In this example, the coolant pipe connection port (pipe connection thread portion) 155 communicates with the rear end surface 104 of the tool holder 100 and the one side surface 129 on the opposite side of the lateral relief surface 120 near the rear end. The connection port is set so that it can be selected. In addition, one of the connection ports that are not used, the branch channels 153 and 163 for channel formation, and the openings in the formation (perforation) of nozzle-like holes (channels) are closed for pumping and supplying the coolant. The opening to be formed is closed by screwing a plug (not shown). As a result, the coolant pressure-fed from the outside to the main flow path 154 is transferred to the branch flow paths 153 and 163 and the nozzle-like holes 152 and 162 as shown by broken line arrows in FIGS. 3, 7, and 8. And is ejected from the ejection port 150 and the lower ejection port 160, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the tool holder 100 of this example described above is fixed to the tip fixing portion 110 by fixing the cutting tip 200 by a screwing method using a set screw 250 as described above. Cutting tool 300. And this cutting tool 300 is fixed to the tool post (not shown) of a lathe. Then, a predetermined pipe is connected to the coolant pipe connection port 155 to pump the coolant, and as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, this is jetted from the above-described jet outlets 150 and 160 in a jet flow state. Then, post-grinding of the work (round bar) W held (fixed) on a chuck (not shown) is performed.

During the machining, from the start to the end of the vertical feed of the tool post to the end thereof, and in the lateral feed after the end, the coolant ejected from the ejection port 150 of the convex portion 106 is ejected as a linear coolant flow. Then, it is supplied toward the end face side cutting edge 205 along a straight line N1 to which an inclination angle α is given as viewed from the rake face side. As shown in FIG. 7-A, such a coolant is applied to the cutting tool 300 from the start of longitudinal feed (during machining) to the end thereof, and then to the lateral feed as shown in FIG. 7-B. Even if the feed is changed, it is bathed toward the rib back (end face) T being processed for a considerable period of time. Then, the coolant that is exposed to the collar back (end face) T in this way moves in the circumferential direction on the collar T and forms a liquid film (layer) by the rotation of the workpiece W being processed. On the other hand, during vertical feed and horizontal feed, chips discharged by cutting with the inclined blade 209 are applied to the collar back T according to the inclination angle (front cutting edge angle) of the inclined blade 209 when viewed from the rake face side. Flows diagonally backward and contacts or collides with the collar T. However, since there is a liquid film (layer) due to the coolant on the collar back T, the collision or the like is an indirect contact or collision through the liquid film (layer). As a result, as compared with the conventional processing in which such a liquid film (layer) is not formed and chips are in contact with the collar T, the collar T is scratched or chipped. Since welding is suppressed or prevented, the machining surface roughness can be prevented from decreasing accordingly.

  In addition, since the liquid film (layer) made of the coolant formed on the collar T rotates at high speed together with the work W, the action of blowing or blowing off chips coming into contact with the collar T is also obtained. It is done. In this way, in the post-grinding with the cutting tool 300, a liquid film (layer) that rotates along with the rib T can be formed, so that the impact caused by the contact and collision of the chips can be reduced and the chips can be blown away. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the processing surface roughness of the collar T from being lowered. For this reason, it is possible to process the desired finished surface accuracy only by the post-grinding process, and it is not necessary to separately process the collar back T after the post-grinding process, as in the prior art. Is improved.

In particular, in this example, in addition to supplying the coolant from the jet port 150 to the end face side cutting edge 205, each relief of the bottom edge 207 responsible for the outer diameter processing (cutting) after the longitudinal feed and the tip side portion of the inclined blade 209. The coolant can also be supplied to the surfaces 215 and 217 from the lower jet port 160. For this reason, since the lubrication and cooling between each cutting edge and the workpiece W are also achieved in the overall post-grinding process, the accuracy of the workpiece W is improved and the life of the cutting edge is extended. Is obtained. In addition, in this example, since the coolant outlet 150 and the lower nozzle 160 are arranged so that both coolants do not contact or interfere with each other in each coolant flow that forms a straight line, the coolant is set for each coolant. The coolant can be efficiently supplied to the respective cutting edge portions without the mutual effects being reduced. Further, in this example, the lower side jet port 160 provided so that the coolant can be jetted toward the flank surfaces 215 and 217 of the tip 200 has a tip seat forming portion (lower side) protruding in an arc shape. Since the opening is made in the face 128 facing the rake face 203 side of the jaw part) 123, the flank and the work W are cut while avoiding interference with the work W as shown in FIG. The coolant can be supplied at a preferred angle toward the part.

  In the above example, the cutting tip 200 used for the post-grinding cutting tool 300 is a parallelogram-shaped tip having two bottom blades (cutting edge corners) 207, which is specifically fixed with screws. However, the shape of the cutting tip 200, the number of cutting edges, and the fixing means are not limited to those in the above example. The cutting tip 200 can be widely applied to a conventionally known post-grinding machine. And it can apply also about the shape of the fixing | fixed part (recessed part) 110 of the chip | tip including the chip seat 111 in the holder 100, and a fixing means irrespective of those structures. Further, in the above example, an example in which the protruding portion 106 having a raised shape is provided on the rake face 105 of the tip portion 102 of the holder 100 and the ejection port 150 is opened on the tip face 107 is disclosed. If the rake face 203 of the cutting tip 200 to be fixed is at a lower position (lower position) with respect to 105 and the ejection port 150 can be provided without providing the projection 106 as in the above example, such projection It is not necessary to provide 106.

  In addition, the cutting tip is not screwed, but it is a cutting tool with a fixing means that fixes the tip to the tip fixing part in such a way that it is pressed from the rake face side via a clamp presser (piece). In this case, a spout may be provided on the tip-facing surface of the presser. That is, in the holder according to the present invention, the ejection port is provided at a position near the tip of the holder so as to be at the same height as the rake face of the cutting tip or above the rake face. Not limited to the case where the opening is provided near the tip of itself, but when there is a member or component that is separately fixed or attached to the tip of the holder, for example, the above-described clamp for holding the chip When the is attached, the presser may be provided such that the jet port is opened. In addition, when providing a spout in another member or component such as a presser, if the flow path is formed so that the branch flow path and the nozzle-like hole are connected in the case of providing the spout Good.

Cutting using the cutting tool of the present invention, depending on the ground after conventional machining, regardless of its shape, it is possible to use those used conventionally. That is, in the present invention, the cutting tip may be a conventional one, and it may be a holder provided with a jet port that can fix the cutting tip and supply coolant as described above. In addition, as described above, the cutting tool is embodied as a cutting tool that uses a screw-type clamping means to fix the cutting tip. However, this is also applied as, for example, a clamping-type cutting tool that is pressed by a separate pressing tool. it can. In the bite holder according to the present invention, the inclination angle α at which the coolant is ejected may be set appropriately according to the protrusion amount of the cutting edge, the width of the cutting edge responsible for cutting, the cutting amount, and the like. In addition, the angle in the vertical direction among the angles of the spout may be 0 degrees when it can be ejected along the rake face as described above. As in countercurrent Ke on the end face cutting edge straight coolant can reach, depending on the perspective of the spout and to its arrival position may be set appropriately. Moreover, what is necessary is just to provide a lower side jet nozzle as needed. The size or diameter of the cross section of the coolant jet outlet and the flow path such as the nozzle-like hole connected to the coolant outlet may be appropriately set according to the range of the portion where the coolant is to be sprayed. Further, the shape of the cross section of the spout and the like is not limited, for example, it may not be a circular hole. Therefore, the spout can be embodied as having an appropriate shape, for example, it may be opened as a slit extending vertically or horizontally or obliquely.

100 Holder 102 Holder tip portion 110 Tip fixing portion 111 Tip seat 150 Outlet 160 Lower side outlet 200 Cutting tip 203 Cutting tip rake face 205 Cutting tip end face side cutting edge 207 Cutting tip bottom edge 209 Cutting tip bottom edge 209 Inclined blades 215, 217 Cutting tip flank 300 Cutting tool W Workpiece G Rotation axis L1 Line N1 drawn perpendicular to the rotation axis G of the workpiece Straight line drawn with an inclination angle α (nozzle-shaped hole) 152 axis)

Claims (6)

The end face side cutting edge responsible for cutting the rib back to the surface perpendicular to the rotation axis of the work piece by vertical feed, and the outside of the work piece by vertical feed and lateral feed away from the rib back A cutting tip for post-grinding , which is a cutting edge responsible for diameter machining, and has a bottom blade connected to the tip of the end surface side cutting blade and an inclined blade extending obliquely rearward from the bottom blade when viewed from the rake face side provided with a chip fixing portion including a tip seat for fixing, toward the cutting edge of the cutting tip is fixed to the chip fixing portion, jetted from the rear at the rake face side of the cutting chip coolant linearly In the holder for a cutting tool provided at a position near the tip of the holder so that the jet port opened so as to be supplied is at the same height as the rake face of the cutting tip or above the rake face,
Said coolant, said one cutting edge of the cutting tip is fixed to the chip fixing portion, the end face cutting edge responsible for cutting to finish the collar back to the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the work object, poured behind the collar When viewed from the side of the rake face, the coolant is inclined with respect to a line perpendicular to the rotation axis of the work piece so that the coolant flows in a straight line and can be reached. A tool holder for a cutting tool, wherein the spout is provided so that the spout is ejected in a straight line direction. Opposite the coolant becomes the coolant flow which forms a straight line, and that can reach, among the cutting edge of the cutting tip is fixed to the chip fixing unit, a surface perpendicular to the rotation axis of the work object Nitsuba 2. The tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the tool holder is a tip of an end face side cutting edge that performs cutting for finishing the back surface. The jet port is configured such that the coolant is bathed in a linear coolant flow on the back surface of the flange that is finished to a surface perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpiece together with the end face side cutting edge of the cutting tip. The tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the tool holder is provided.   Aside from the coolant, the coolant can be linearly jetted and supplied from below the rake face of the cutting tip on the flank side of the cutting tip toward or near the bottom edge of the cutting tip. The cutting tool holder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the opened lower jet port is provided at a holder tip portion protruding at a tip of the tip seat.   5. The tool according to claim 4, wherein the jet nozzle and the lower jet nozzle are arranged so that the coolant does not contact or interfere with each other in each coolant flow that forms a straight line. holder. A cutting tool , wherein the cutting tip for post-grinding is fixed to the tip fixing portion in the tool holder according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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