JP6261966B2 - 硬化性組成物 - Google Patents
硬化性組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6261966B2 JP6261966B2 JP2013247936A JP2013247936A JP6261966B2 JP 6261966 B2 JP6261966 B2 JP 6261966B2 JP 2013247936 A JP2013247936 A JP 2013247936A JP 2013247936 A JP2013247936 A JP 2013247936A JP 6261966 B2 JP6261966 B2 JP 6261966B2
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- reactive silicon
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Description
エポキシ樹脂(B)、
シラノール縮合触媒(C)、
エポキシ硬化剤(D)
を含有する硬化性組成物、に関する。
本発明の反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)は、反応性ケイ素基を1つの末端に平均して1.0個より多く有する。
反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)の主鎖構造は、直鎖状であってもよいし、分岐鎖を有していてもよい。本発明の反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)は末端に反応性基を局在化させてあることが特徴であることから、主鎖構造は直鎖状であることが好ましい。
次に、反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)の合成方法について説明する。
反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)の主鎖として、ポリオキシアルキレン系重合体を用いる場合には、亜鉛ヘキサシアノコバルテートグライム錯体等の複合金属シアン化物錯体触媒を用いた、水酸基を有する開始剤にエポキシ化合物を重合させる方法が分子量分布(Mw/Mn)の小さい水酸基末端重合体が得られる為に好ましい。
1つの末端に2個以上の炭素−炭素不飽和結合を導入する方法としては、水酸基末端含有重合体に、アルカリ金属塩を作用させた後、次に先ず炭素−炭素不飽和結合を有するエポキシ化合物を反応させ、次いで炭素−炭素不飽和結合を有するハロゲン化炭化水素化合物を反応させる方法を用いるのが好ましい。この方法を用いることで、重合体主鎖の分子量や分子量分布を重合条件によって制御しつつ、さらに反応性基の導入を効率的かつ安定的に行うことが可能となる。
次に反応性ケイ素基の導入方法について、説明する。
(i)炭素−炭素不飽和結合を有する重合体に対してヒドロシラン化合物をヒドロシリル化反応により付加させる方法。
(ii)炭素−炭素不飽和結合を有する重合体と炭素−炭素不飽和結合と反応して結合を形成し得る基および反応性ケイ素基の両方を有する化合物(シランカップリング剤とも呼ばれる)とを反応させる方法。炭素−炭素不飽和結合と反応して結合を形成するシランカップリング剤としてはメルカプト基などが挙げられるがこれに限らない。
本発明の組成物には反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)とエポキシ樹脂(B)を併用する。エポキシ樹脂としてはエピクロルヒドリン−ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、エピクロルヒドリン−ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、テトラブロモビスフェノールAのグリシジルエーテルなどの難燃型エポキシ樹脂、ノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、水添ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールAプロピレンオキシド付加物のグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂、p−オキシ安息香酸グリシジルエーテルエステル型エポキシ樹脂、m−アミノフェノール系エポキシ樹脂、ジアミノジフェニルメタン系エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン変性エポキシ樹脂、各種脂環式エポキシ樹脂、N,N−ジグリシジルアニリン、N,N−ジグリシジル−o−トルイジン、トリグリシジルイソシアヌレート、ポリアルキレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、グリセリンなどのごとき多価アルコールのグリシジルエーテル、ヒダントイン型エポキシ樹脂、石油樹脂などのごとき不飽和重合体のエポキシ化物などが例示されるが、これらに限定されるものではなく、一般に使用されているエポキシ樹脂が使用されうる。エポキシ基を少なくとも分子中に2個含有するものが、硬化に際し反応性が高く、また硬化物が3次元的網目をつくりやすいなどの点から好ましい。さらに好ましいものとしてはビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂類またはノボラック型エポキシ樹脂などがあげられる。
本発明では、反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)の反応性ケイ素基を加水分解・縮合させる反応を促進し、重合体を鎖延長または架橋させる目的で、硬化性組成物中、反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)とともにシラノール縮合触媒(C)を配合する。
エポキシ樹脂(B)を添加する場合、本発明の組成物には、エポキシ樹脂を硬化させるためにエポキシ硬化剤(D)を併用できることは当然である。使用し得るエポキシ硬化剤(D)としては、特に制限はなく、一般に使用されているエポキシ硬化剤を使用できる。具体的には、例えば、トリエチレンテトラミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、ジエチルアミノプロピルアミン、N−アミノエチルピペリジン、m−キシリレンジアミン、m−フェニレンジアミン、ジアミノジフェニルメタン、ジアミノジフェニルスルホン、イソホロンジアミン、アミン末端ポリエーテル等の一級、二級アミン類;2,4,6−トリス(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール、トリプロピルアミンのような三級アミン類、及び、これら三級アミン類の塩類;ポリアミド樹脂類;イミダゾール類;ジシアンジアミド類;三弗化硼素錯化合物類、無水フタル酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、ドデシニル無水琥珀酸、無水ピロメリット酸、無水クロレン酸等のような無水カルボン酸類;アルコール類;フェノール類;カルボン酸類;アルミニウム又はジルコニウムのジケトン錯化合物等の化合物を例示することができるが、これらに限定されるものではない。また、硬化剤も単独でも2種以上併用してもよい。
本発明の組成物には、その他の添加剤として、接着性付与剤、可塑剤、溶剤、希釈剤、シリケート、充填剤、タレ防止剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、物性調整剤、粘着付与樹脂、エポキシ基を含有する化合物、光硬化性物質、酸素硬化性物質、表面性改良剤、エポキシ樹脂、その他の樹脂、難燃剤、発泡剤を添加しても良い。また、本発明の硬化性組成物には、硬化性組成物又は硬化物の諸物性の調整を目的として、必要に応じて各種添加剤を添加してもよい。このような添加物の例としては、たとえば、硬化性調整剤、ラジカル禁止剤、金属不活性化剤、オゾン劣化防止剤、リン系過酸化物分解剤、滑剤、顔料、防かび剤などがあげられる。
本発明の組成物には、接着性付与剤を添加することができる。
本発明の組成物には、可塑剤を添加することができる。可塑剤の添加により、組成物の粘度やスランプ性および硬化性組成物を硬化して得られる硬化物の硬度、引張り強度、伸びなどの機械特性が調整できる。可塑剤の具体例としては、ジブチルフタレート、ジイソノニルフタレート(DINP)、ジヘプチルフタレート、ジ(2−エチルヘキシル)フタレート、ジイソデシルフタレート(DIDP)、ブチルベンジルフタレートなどのフタル酸エステル化合物;ビス(2−エチルヘキシル)−1,4−ベンゼンジカルボキシレートなどのテレフタル酸エステル化合物(具体的には、商品名:EASTMAN168(EASTMAN CHEMICAL製));1,2−シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸ジイソノニルエステルなどの非フタル酸エステル化合物(具体的には、商品名:Hexamoll DINCH(BASF製));アジピン酸ジオクチル、セバシン酸ジオクチル、セバシン酸ジブチル、コハク酸ジイソデシル、アセチルクエン酸トリブチルなどの脂肪族多価カルボン酸エステル化合物;オレイン酸ブチル、アセチルリシノール酸メチルなどの不飽和脂肪酸エステル化合物;アルキルスルホン酸フェニルエステル(具体的には、商品名:Mesamoll(LANXESS製));トリクレジルホスフェート、トリブチルホスフェートなどのリン酸エステル化合物;トリメリット酸エステル化合物;塩素化パラフィン;アルキルジフェニル、部分水添ターフェニルなどの炭化水素系油;プロセスオイル;エポキシ化大豆油、エポキシステアリン酸ベンジルなどのエポキシ可塑剤、などをあげることができる。
本発明の組成物には溶剤または希釈剤を添加することができる。溶剤及び希釈剤としては、特に限定されないが、脂肪族炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素、脂環族炭化水素、ハロゲン化炭化水素、アルコール、エステル、ケトン、エーテルなどを使用することができる。溶剤または希釈剤を使用する場合、組成物を屋内で使用した時の空気への汚染の問題から、溶剤の沸点は、150℃以上が好ましく、200℃以上がより好ましく、250℃以上が特に好ましい。上記溶剤または希釈剤は単独で用いてもよく、2種以上併用してもよい。
本発明の組成物には、シリケートを添加することができる。このシリケートは、架橋剤として作用し、本発明の硬化性組成物から得られる硬化物の復元性、耐久性、および、耐クリープ性を改善する機能を有する。また更に、接着性および耐水接着性、高温高湿条件での接着耐久性を改善する効果も有する。シリケートとしてはテトラアルコキシシランおよびアルキルアルコキシシランまたはそれらの部分加水分解縮合物が使用できる。
本発明の組成物には、種々の充填剤を配合することができる。充填剤としては、重質炭酸カルシウム、膠質炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、ケイソウ土、焼成クレー、クレー、タルク、酸化チタン、ベントナイト、有機ベントナイト、酸化第二鉄、アルミニウム微粉末、フリント粉末、酸化亜鉛、活性亜鉛華、PVC粉末、PMMA粉末など樹脂粉末のような充填剤;石綿、ガラス繊維およびフィラメントのような繊維状充填剤等が挙げられる。
本発明の組成物には、必要に応じてタレを防止し、作業性を良くするためにタレ防止剤を添加しても良い。また、タレ防止剤としては特に限定されないが、例えば、ポリアミドワックス類;水添ヒマシ油誘導体類;ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸アルミニウム、ステアリン酸バリウム等の金属石鹸類等が挙げられる。また、特開平11−349916号公報に記載されているような粒子径10〜500μmのゴム粉末や、特開2003−155389号公報に記載されているような有機質繊維を用いると、チクソ性が高く作業性の良好な組成物が得られる。これらタレ防止剤は単独で用いてもよく、2種以上併用してもよい。
本発明の組成物には、酸化防止剤(老化防止剤)を使用することができる。酸化防止剤を使用すると硬化物の耐候性を高めることができる。酸化防止剤としてはヒンダードフェノール系、モノフェノール系、ビスフェノール系、ポリフェノール系が例示できるが、特にヒンダードフェノール系が好ましい。同様に、チヌビン622LD,チヌビン144;CHIMASSORB944LD,CHIMASSORB119FL(以上いずれもチバ・ジャパン株式会社製);アデカスタブLA−57,アデカスタブLA−62,アデカスタブLA−67,アデカスタブLA−63,アデカスタブLA−68(以上いずれも株式会社ADEKA製);サノールLS−770,サノールLS−765,サノールLS−292,サノールLS−2626,サノールLS−1114,サノールLS−744(以上いずれも三共ライフテック株式会社製)に示されたヒンダードアミン系光安定剤を使用することもできる。酸化防止剤の具体例は特開平4−283259号公報や特開平9−194731号公報にも記載されている。
本発明の組成物には、光安定剤を使用することができる。光安定剤を使用すると硬化物の光酸化劣化を防止できる。光安定剤としてベンゾトリアゾール系、ヒンダードアミン系、ベンゾエート系化合物等が例示できるが、特にヒンダードアミン系が好ましい。
本発明の組成物には、紫外線吸収剤を使用することができる。紫外線吸収剤を使用すると硬化物の表面耐候性を高めることができる。紫外線吸収剤としてはベンゾフェノン系、ベンゾトリアゾール系、サリチレート系、置換トリル系及び金属キレート系化合物等が例示できるが、特にベンゾトリアゾール系が好ましく、市販名チヌビンP、チヌビン213、チヌビン234、チヌビン326、チヌビン327、チヌビン328、チヌビン329、チヌビン571(以上、BASF製)が挙げられる。2−(2H−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール−2−イル)−フェノール系化合物が特に好ましい。さらに、フェノール系やヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤とヒンダードアミン系光安定剤とベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤を併用して使用するのが好ましい。
本発明の硬化性組成物には、必要に応じて生成する硬化物の引張特性を調整する物性調整剤を添加しても良い。物性調整剤としては特に限定されないが、例えば、フェノキシトリメチルシラン、メチルトリメトキシシラン、ジメチルジメトキシシラン、トリメチルメトキシシラン、n−プロピルトリメトキシシラン等のアルキルアルコキシシラン類;ジフェニルジメトキシシラン、フェニルトリメトキシシランなどのアリールアルコキシシラン類;ジメチルジイソプロペノキシシラン、メチルトリイソプロペノキシシラン、γ−グリシドキシプロピルメチルジイソプロペノキシシラン等のアルキルイソプロペノキシシラン;トリス(トリメチルシリル)ボレート、トリス(トリエチルシリル)ボレートなどのトリアルキルシリルボレート類;シリコーンワニス類;ポリシロキサン類等が挙げられる。前記物性調整剤を用いることにより、本発明の組成物を硬化させた時の硬度を上げたり、逆に硬度を下げ、破断伸びを出したりし得る。上記物性調整剤は単独で用いてもよく、2種以上併用してもよい。
本発明には、基材への接着性や密着性を高める目的、あるいはその他必要に応じて粘着付与樹脂を添加できる。粘着付与樹脂としては、特に制限はなく通常使用されているものを使うことが出来る。
本発明の組成物においてはエポキシ基を含有する化合物を使用できる。エポキシ基を有する化合物を使用すると硬化物の復元性を高めることができる。エポキシ基を有する化合物としてはエポキシ化不飽和油脂類、エポキシ化不飽和脂肪酸エステル類、脂環族エポキシ化合物類、エピクロルヒドリン誘導体に示す化合物及びそれらの混合物等が例示できる。具体的には、エポキシ化大豆油、エポキシ化あまに油、ビス(2−エチルヘキシル)−4,5−エポキシシクロヘキサン−1,2−ジカーボキシレート(E−PS)、エポキシオクチルステアレ−ト、エポキシブチルステアレ−ト等があげられる。これらのなかではE−PSが特に好ましい。エポキシ化合物は反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)100重量部に対して0.5〜50重量部の範囲で使用するのがよい。
本発明の組成物には光硬化性物質を使用できる。光硬化性物資を使用すると硬化物表面に光硬化性物質の皮膜が形成され、硬化物のべたつきや硬化物の耐候性を改善できる。光硬化性物質とは、光の作用によってかなり短時間に分子構造が化学変化をおこし硬化などの物性的変化を生ずるものである。この種の化合物には有機単量体、オリゴマー、樹脂或いはそれらを含む組成物等多くのものが知られており、市販の任意のものを採用し得る。代表的なものとしては、不飽和アクリル系化合物、ポリケイ皮酸ビニル類あるいはアジド化樹脂等が使用できる。
本発明の組成物には酸素硬化性物質を使用することができる。酸素硬化性物質には空気中の酸素と反応し得る不飽和化合物を例示でき、空気中の酸素と反応して硬化物の表面付近に硬化皮膜を形成し表面のべたつきや硬化物表面へのゴミやホコリの付着を防止するなどの作用をする。酸素硬化性物質の具体例には、キリ油、アマニ油などで代表される乾性油や、該化合物を変性してえられる各種アルキッド樹脂;乾性油により変性されたアクリル系重合体、エポキシ系樹脂、シリコン樹脂;ブタジエン、クロロプレン、イソプレン、1,3−ペンタジエンなどのジエン系化合物を重合または共重合させてえられる1,2−ポリブタジエン、1,4−ポリブタジエン、C5〜C8ジエンの重合体などの液状重合体や、これらジエン系化合物と共重合性を有するアクリロニトリル、スチレンなどの単量体とをジエン系化合物が主体となるように共重合させてえられるNBR、SBRなどの液状共重合体や、さらにはそれらの各種変性物(マレイン化変性物、ボイル油変性物など)などが挙げられる。これらは単独で用いてもよく、2種以上併用してもよい。これらのうちではキリ油や液状ジエン系重合体がとくに好ましい。又、酸化硬化反応を促進する触媒や金属ドライヤーを併用すると効果が高められる場合がある。これらの触媒や金属ドライヤーとしては、ナフテン酸コバルト、ナフテン酸鉛、ナフテン酸ジルコニウム、オクチル酸コバルト、オクチル酸ジルコニウム等の金属塩や、アミン化合物等が例示される。
本発明の組成物には、表面性改良剤を添加することができる。表面性改良材としては、ラウリルアミンなどの長鎖アルキルアミン、リン酸2,2‘−メチレンビス(4,6−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ナトリウム、トリス(2,4−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ホスファイトなどのリン化合物、オキサゾリジン化合物などがあげられる。
本発明の組成物には、ポリリン酸アンモニウム、トリクレジルホスフェートなどのリン系可塑剤、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、および、熱膨張性黒鉛などの難燃剤を添加することができる。上記難燃剤は単独で用いてもよく、2種以上併用してもよい。
本発明の組成物は、発泡剤を使用して、発泡材料として使用することができる。例えばエアゾール用の噴射剤として、ブタン、プロパン、エタン、メタンやジメチルエーテルなどの液化ガスを使用できる。また空気や酸素、窒素、二酸化炭素などの圧縮ガスを使用してもよい。沸点範囲が10〜100℃の炭化水素系溶剤としてペンタン、ヘキサン、へプタンを含有する噴射剤を使用することもできる。また、整泡剤としてシロキサン・オキシアルキレン・コポリマーを使用できる。発泡剤の使用量は、反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)100gに対して、5〜100ml、好ましくは5〜50ml、更に好ましくは5〜20mlの範囲で使用できる。
本発明の反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)を含有する硬化性組成物は、すべての配合成分を予め配合密封保存し、施工後空気中の湿気により硬化する1成分型として調製することも可能であり、硬化剤として別途シラノール縮合触媒(C)、充填材、可塑剤、水等の成分をB剤として配合しておき、該配合材と有機重合体組成物を使用前に混合する2成分型として調製することもできる。作業性の点からは、1成分型が好ましい。
本発明の組成物は、硬化性組成物や粘着剤組成物としての使用に適しており、粘着剤、建造物・船舶・自動車・道路などのシーリング材、接着剤、防水材、塗膜防水材、型取剤、防振材、制振材、防音材、発泡材料、塗料、吹付材などに使用できる。本発明の硬化性組成物を硬化して得られる硬化物は、柔軟性および接着性に優れることから、これらのなかでも、シーリング材または接着剤として用いることがより好ましい。
カラム:東ソー製TSK−GEL Hタイプ
溶媒:THF
分子量:ポリスチレン換算
測定温度:40℃
実施例中の末端基換算分子量は、水酸基価をJIS K 1557の測定方法により、ヨウ素価をJIS K 0070の測定方法により求め、有機重合体の構造(使用した重合開始剤によって定まる分岐度)を考慮して求めた分子量である。
(平均導入数)=[ヨウ素価から求めた重合体(Q)の不飽和基濃度(mol/g)−ヨウ素価から求めた前駆重合体(P)の不飽和基濃度(mol/g)]/[水酸基価から求めた前駆重合体(P)の水酸基濃度(mol/g)]。
数平均分子量が約2,000のポリオキシプロピレングリコールを開始剤とし、亜鉛ヘキサシアノコバルテートグライム錯体触媒にてプロピレンオキサイドの重合を行い、両末端に水酸基を有する数平均分子量27,900(末端基換算分子量17700)、分子量分布Mw/Mn=1.21のポリオキシプロピレン(P−1)を得た。続いてこの水酸基末端ポリオキシプロピレン(P−1)の水酸基に対して1.0モル当量のナトリウムメトキシドを28%メタノール溶液として添加した。真空脱揮によりメタノールを留去した後、重合体(P−1)の水酸基に対して、1.0モル当量のアリルグリシジルエーテルを添加して130℃で2時間反応を行った。その後、0.28モル当量のナトリウムメトキシドのメタノール溶液を添加してメタノールを除去し、さらに1.79モル当量の塩化アリルを添加して末端の水酸基をアリル基に変換した。得られた未精製のアリル基末端ポリオキシプロピレン100重量部に対し、n−ヘキサン300重量部と、水300重量部を混合攪拌した後、遠心分離により水を除去した後、得られたヘキサン溶液に更に水300重量部を混合攪拌し、再度遠心分離により水を除去した後、ヘキサンを減圧脱揮により除去した。以上により、炭素−炭素不飽和結合を1つの末端に平均して1.0個より多く有するポリオキシプロピレン(Q−1)を得た。重合体(Q−1)は1つの末端部位に炭素−炭素不飽和結合が平均2.0個導入されていることがわかった。
(合成例2)
合成例1で得られた水酸基末端ポリオキシアルキレン(P−1)の水酸基に対して1.2モル当量のナトリウムメトキシドを28%メタノール溶液として添加した。真空脱揮によりメタノールを留去した後、重合体(P−1)の水酸基に対して、さらに1.5モル当量の3−クロロ−2−メチル−1−プロペンを添加して末端の水酸基をメタリル基に変換した。未反応の3−クロロ−2−メチル−1−プロペンを減圧脱揮により除去した。得られた未精製のメタリル基末端ポリオキシプロピレン100重量部に対し、n−ヘキサン300重量部と、水300重量部を混合攪拌した後、遠心分離により水を除去し、得られたヘキサン溶液に更に水300重量部を混合攪拌し、再度遠心分離により水を除去した後、ヘキサンを減圧脱揮により除去した。以上により、末端部位にメタリル基を有するポリオキシプロピレン重合体(Q−2)を得た。この重合体(Q−2)500gに対して白金ジビニルジシロキサン錯体溶液150μlを加え、撹拌しながら、ジメトキシメチルシラン12.0gをゆっくりと滴下した。その混合溶液を6%酸素条件下、100℃で6時間反応させた後、未反応のジメトキシメチルシランを減圧下留去する事により、末端に平均して1.0個以下のジメトキシメチルシリル基を有する数平均分子量約28,500のポリオキシプロピレン(B−1)を得た。重合体(B−1)はジメトキシメチルシリル基を1つの末端に平均1.0個、1分子中に平均2.0個有することが分かった。
合成例1で得られた水酸基末端ポリオキシアルキレン(P−1)の水酸基に対して1.2モル当量のナトリウムメトキシドを28%メタノール溶液として添加した。真空脱揮によりメタノールを留去した後、重合体(P−1)の水酸基に対して、さらに1.5モル当量の塩化アリルを添加して末端の水酸基をアリル基に変換した。未反応の塩化アリルを減圧脱揮により除去した。得られた未精製のアリル基末端ポリオキシプロピレン100重量部に対し、n−ヘキサン300重量部と、水300重量部を混合攪拌した後、遠心分離により水を除去し、得られたヘキサン溶液に更に水300重量部を混合攪拌し、再度遠心分離により水を除去した後、ヘキサンを減圧脱揮により除去した。以上により、末端部位にアリル基を有するポリオキシプロピレン重合体(Q−3)を得た。この重合体(Q−3)500gに対して白金ジビニルジシロキサン錯体溶液150μlを加え、撹拌しながら、ジメトキシメチルシラン4.8gをゆっくりと滴下した。その混合溶液を6%酸素条件下、100℃で6時間反応させた後、未反応のジメトキシメチルシランを減圧下留去する事により、1つの末端に平均して1.0個以下のジメトキシメチルシリル基を有する数平均分子量約28,500のポリオキシプロピレン(B−2)を得た。重合体(B−2)はジメトキシメチルシリル基を1つの末端に平均0.8個、1分子中に平均1.6個有することが分かった。
表1に記載の重合体100重量部に対して、TAP(化薬アクゾ(株)製:2,4,6−トリス(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール)5重量部、A−1120(Momentive製:N−(β−アミノエチル)−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン)2重量部、エピコート828(三菱化学(株)製:ビスフェノールA型液状エポキシ樹脂)50重量部、MSCAT−02(日本化学産業(株)製:ジブチル錫オキサイドとジオクチルフタレートの混合物)2重量部、水0.5重量部を添加し、スパチュラで十分混合した後、自転公転ミキサーを用いて均一に混合脱泡した。
得られた組成物を厚さ約5mmの型枠にスパチュラを用いて充填し、表面を平面状に整えた時間を硬化開始時間とし、表面をスパチュラで触り、スパチュラに評価用組成物が付着しなくなった時間を皮張り時間として硬化時間の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られた組成物を型枠に充填し、23℃50%RHで3日間、さらに50℃で4日間養生させて厚さ約3mmのシート状硬化物を作製した。シート状硬化物を3号ダンベル型に打ち抜き、23℃50%RHで引っ張り強度試験を行い100%伸張時のモジュラス、破断時の強度および伸びを測定した。測定は(株)島津製オートグラフ(AGS−J)を用い200mm/minの引張り速度で行った。結果を表1に示す。
硬化物物性測定用のダンベル型硬化物のくびれ部分に20mm間隔の標線を引き、この標線間が40mmになるように伸長した状態で固定し、23℃50%RHで24時間静置した。固定を解除し、1時間後の復元率を測定した。復元率は次式にて計算した。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (6)
- 重合体分子鎖を構成する結合原子のうち末端から20%にあたる個数の原子上に置換する基に反応性ケイ素基を平均して1.0個より多く有する反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)、
エポキシ樹脂(B)、
シラノール縮合触媒(C)、
エポキシ硬化剤(D)
を含有し、
反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)100重量部に対して、エポキシ樹脂(B)を1〜100重量部、シラノール縮合触媒(C)を0.001〜20重量部、さらにエポキシ樹脂(B)100重量部に対して、エポキシ硬化剤(D)を0.1〜300重量部、それぞれ含有し、
反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)の末端部位が、一般式(1):
(式中、R 1 ,R 3 はそれぞれ独立に2価の炭素数1〜6の結合基であり、隣接するそれぞれの炭素原子と結合する原子は、炭素、酸素、窒素のいずれかである。R 2 ,R 4 はそれぞれ独立に水素、または炭素数1から10の炭化水素基である。nは1から10の整数である。R 5 はそれぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1から20の置換あるいは非置換の炭化水素基である。Yは水酸基または加水分解性基である。aは1、2、3のいずれかである。)で表される構造を有するものである硬化性組成物。 - シラノール縮合触媒が、有機錫化合物、カルボン酸金属塩、カルボン酸、アルコキシ金属、および無機酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である請求項1に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)の主鎖がポリオキシアルキレン系重合体である請求項1または2に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 反応性ケイ素基を1つの末端に平均して1.0個より多く有する反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)、エポキシ硬化剤(D)を含有するA液、
エポキシ樹脂(B)、シラノール縮合触媒(C)を含有するB液、
からなる2液型の硬化性組成物である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。 - 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物。
- 重合体分子鎖を構成する結合原子のうち末端から20%にあたる個数の原子上に置換する基に反応性ケイ素基を平均して1.0個より多く有する反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)、
エポキシ樹脂(B)、
シラノール縮合触媒(C)、
エポキシ硬化剤(D)
を含有する硬化性組成物の製造方法であって、
反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)100重量部に対して、エポキシ樹脂(B)を1〜100重量部、シラノール縮合触媒(C)を0.001〜20重量部、さらにエポキシ樹脂(B)100重量部に対して、エポキシ硬化剤(D)を0.1〜300重量部、それぞれ含有し、
反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)の末端部位が、一般式(1):
(式中、R 1 ,R 3 はそれぞれ独立に2価の炭素数1〜6の結合基であり、隣接するそれぞれの炭素原子と結合する原子は、炭素、酸素、窒素のいずれかである。R 2 ,R 4 はそれぞれ独立に水素、または炭素数1から10の炭化水素基である。nは1から10の整数である。R 5 はそれぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1から20の置換あるいは非置換の炭化水素基である。Yは水酸基または加水分解性基である。aは1、2、3のいずれかである。)で表される構造を有するものであり、
反応性ケイ素基含有重合体(A)が、末端に水酸基を有する重合体に、水酸基に対して0.6当量以上のアルカリ金属塩を作用させた後、炭素−炭素不飽和結合を有するエポキシ化合物と反応させ、さらに、炭素−炭素不飽和結合を有するハロゲン化炭化水素化合物を反応させた後、炭素−炭素不飽和基に対し、ヒドロシリル化反応で反応性ケイ素基を導入することによって得られるものである硬化性組成物の製造方法。
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