JP5985609B2 - 正浸透水処理のための逆行溶解度溶質の回収 - Google Patents
正浸透水処理のための逆行溶解度溶質の回収 Download PDFInfo
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- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZEYWAHILTZGZBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;carbon dioxide Chemical compound N.O=C=O ZEYWAHILTZGZBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本願は、「REGENERATION OF RETROGRADE SOLUBLE SOLUTES FOR FORWARD OSMOSIS WATER TREATMENT」を発明の名称とする2011年4月25日付出願のアメリカ合衆国仮出願第61/517,687号、および、「RETROGRADE SOLUBLE SOLUTE FOR FORWARD OSMOSIS WATER TREATMENT」を発明の名称とする2011年7月15日付出願のアメリカ合衆国仮出願第61/572,394号に基づく優先権を主張しており、両仮出願の全ての内容は全ての目的のために、参照により本明細書に取り込まれる。
プロセスにおける回収ステップの動作温度を最も低くし、結果として生じるエネルギー損失を最小にするためには、低い温度範囲(例えば、40℃により近い範囲)において強い溶解度依存を有する例示の引き抜き溶質が好ましい。
(引き抜き溶質組成物の例)
(コアレッサー動作条件例)
Claims (23)
- 汚染水を浄化する方法であって、
水を含み第1の浸透圧を有する汚染供給溶液流を半透膜の供給側に供給するステップと;
液体の引き抜き溶質を含み第2の浸透圧を有する液体の引き抜き溶液流を前記半透膜の引き抜き側に供給するステップと;
前記半透膜の引き抜き側へ水を通過させて、希釈引き抜き溶液流を生じるステップと;
前記希釈引き抜き溶液流を加熱して相分離を開始し、液相の引き抜き溶質と液相の水を含む二相流出流を生じるステップと;
前記二相流出流中の前記引き抜き溶質をコアレッサーにより凝集させ、液相の凝集した前記引き抜き溶質と液相の水を含む凝集二相流出流を生じるステップと;
凝集した前記引き抜き溶質を前記凝集二相流出流から重力相分離器により分離し、水と残存する前記引き抜き溶質を含む水リッチ流と、凝集した前記引き抜き溶質と水を含む溶質リッチ流とを生じるステップと;
前記水リッチ流を冷却し、冷却単相水リッチ流を生じるステップと;
前記冷却単相水リッチ流から残存する前記引き抜き溶質を分離し、残存引き抜き溶質流と精製水製品流とを生じるステップと、を備える方法。 - 前記溶質リッチ流を冷却して、引き抜き溶質と水を含む冷却溶質リッチ流を生じるステップと;
前記残存引き抜き溶質流と前記冷却溶質リッチ流を混合して、再構成引き抜き溶液を生じるステップと;
前記再構成引き抜き溶液を前記半透膜の引き抜き側に再循環させるステップと、を更に備える、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記希釈引き抜き溶液流を加熱するステップは、熱交換器ネットワーク内で該希釈引き抜き溶液流を加熱することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水リッチ流を冷却するステップは、熱交換器ネットワーク内で該水リッチ流を冷却することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却単相水リッチ流から残存する前記引き抜き溶質を分離するステップは、ナノフィルタまたは逆浸透モジュール内で、該冷却単相水リッチ流から残存する該引き抜き溶質を分離することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記溶質リッチ流を冷却するステップは、熱交換器ネットワーク内で該溶質リッチ流を冷却することを含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記引き抜き溶質の曇り点温度は40℃〜90℃の範囲内であり、前記コアレッサーの動作温度は150℃未満である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水リッチ流中の残存する前記引き抜き溶質の濃度は、溶液中溶質重量にて5%未満である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却単相水リッチ流の浸透圧は、50mOsmより低い、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記溶質リッチ流の溶質濃度は、溶液中溶質重量にて60%より高い、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記引き抜き溶質は、低分子量ジオールのランダム共重合体またはシーケンシャル共重合体である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ランダム共重合体またはシーケンシャル共重合体の分子量は500より大きく、溶液中溶質重量で40%の場合の浸透圧は30気圧より高い、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記低分子量ジオールは、エタンジオールとプロパンジオールであり、
前記引き抜き溶質の曇り点温度、溶解度および浸透圧は、プロパンジオールに対するエタンジオールの比率を調整して、該引き抜き溶質の分子量を調節することによって制御される、請求項11に記載の方法。 - 前記水リッチ流中の残存する前記引き抜き溶質の濃度または浸透圧を計測するステップと、
前記コアレッサーの動作温度を調節することによって残存する前記引き抜き溶質の濃度または浸透圧を制御するステップと、を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記引き抜き溶液流の流量を制御して前記希釈引き抜き溶液流中の前記引き抜き溶質の所定濃度を維持するステップを更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記コアレッサーは、前記引き抜き溶質を凝集させるための疎水性凝集エレメントを有する上部セクションと、水を集合させるための親水性凝集エレメントを有する下部セクションと、に分けられ、
前記疎水性凝集エレメントの疎水性の程度と前記親水性凝集エレメントの親水性の程度は、前記引き抜き溶質が10μmより大きくなるよう凝集するように選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記熱交換器ネットワークは、少なくとも2つの熱交換器を有する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノフィルタまたは逆浸透モジュールは、2000未満の分子量でのカットオフを行い、溶液中溶質重量にて50%未満のNaCl除去を行い、溶液中溶質重量にて95%を超える引き抜き溶質の除去を行う、請求項5に記載の方法。
- プロセス中の前記引き抜き溶質の微生物濃度は、UV滅菌装置または殺生物剤により制御される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノフィルタまたは逆浸透モジュールのフィルタ透過物から、残存する前記引き抜き溶質を除去するために、高度酸化プロセスまたは吸着システムを用いる、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記液体の引き抜き溶質はポリオキシランダム共重合体を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記液体の引き抜き溶質は30〜70%重量濃度のポリオキシランダム共重合体を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 汚染水を浄化するためのシステムであって、
水を含み第1の浸透圧を有する汚染供給溶液流を受けるための供給側と、液体の引き抜き溶質を含み第2の浸透圧を有する液体の引き抜き溶液流を受けるための引き抜き側と、を有する半透膜であって、水を前記汚染供給溶液流から前記引き抜き側に通過させて、希釈引き抜き溶液流を生成するように構成される半透膜と;
前記希釈引き抜き溶液流を加熱して相分離を開始し、液相の引き抜き溶質と液相の水を含む二相流出流を生じるように構成される第1の熱交換器と;
前記希釈引き抜き溶液流中の前記引き抜き溶質を凝集させて、液相の凝集した前記引き抜き溶質と液相の水を含む凝集二相流出流を生成するように構成されるコアレッサーと;
凝集した前記引き抜き溶質を前記凝集二相流出流から分離して、水と残存する前記引き抜き溶質を含む水リッチ流と、凝集した前記引き抜き溶質と水を含む溶質リッチ流を生成するように構成される重力相分離器と;
前記水リッチ流を冷却して冷却単相水リッチ流を生成するように構成される第2の熱交換器と;
残存する前記引き抜き溶質を前記冷却単相水リッチ流から分離して、残存引き抜き溶質流と精製水製品流を生成するように構成される逆浸透モジュールと、を備えるシステム。
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