JP5860583B2 - 金属表面処理剤及び金属表面処理方法 - Google Patents
金属表面処理剤及び金属表面処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5860583B2 JP5860583B2 JP2010019606A JP2010019606A JP5860583B2 JP 5860583 B2 JP5860583 B2 JP 5860583B2 JP 2010019606 A JP2010019606 A JP 2010019606A JP 2010019606 A JP2010019606 A JP 2010019606A JP 5860583 B2 JP5860583 B2 JP 5860583B2
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- surface treatment
- metal
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- resin
- metal surface
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 51
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
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- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JBIQAPKSNFTACH-UHFFFAOYSA-K vanadium oxytrichloride Chemical compound Cl[V](Cl)(Cl)=O JBIQAPKSNFTACH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- HQYCOEXWFMFWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-K vanadium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[V+3] HQYCOEXWFMFWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L vanadyl sulfate Chemical compound [V+2]=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003021 water soluble solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- LGBZAKBGIHHRLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium hydrofluoride Chemical compound [Zr].F.[Zr] LGBZAKBGIHHRLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATYZRBBOXUWECY-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zr] ATYZRBBOXUWECY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明に係る表面処理皮膜2は、図1に示すように、金属材料1の表面(以下「金属表面」という。)に塗布形成された表面処理皮膜であって、その表面処理皮膜2に含まれる窒素と炭素の質量比(N/C)が0.005〜0.5であり、且つ、Cr(III)、Zr、Ti、V、Nb、Mo、W及びCeから選ばれる金属元素の合計と炭素の質量比(TM/C)が0.01〜1.3である。この表面処理皮膜2は、図1に示すように、後述する本発明に係る金属表面処理剤を金属表面に塗布した後、所定の温度で加熱乾燥して得られた皮膜であり、金属材料1とラミネートフィルム(又は樹脂塗膜)3との間に設けられる。
本発明に係る金属表面処理剤は、上記本発明に係る表面処理皮膜を得るための処理剤であって、以下の2態様の金属表面処理剤を提供する。
第1の金属表面処理剤は、ウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、ホルマリン縮合樹脂、天然多糖類、ポリエステル、ポリアミド及びポリアクリルアミドから選ばれる1種又は2種以上の水系樹脂(P)を用いる。この態様では、通常、1〜3種の水系樹脂を配合して用いるが、それ以上であっても構わない。
第1及び第2の金属表面処理剤において、含まれる水溶性金属化合物としては、Cr(III)、Zr、Ti、V、Nb、Mo、W及びCeから選ばれる1種又は2種以上の金属元素を含む水溶性金属化合物を挙げることができる。なお、Cr(III)としたのは、六価クロムを含まないという意味である。
金属表面処理剤を構成する溶媒は、水を主体とするが、皮膜の乾燥性改善等、必要に応じてアルコール系、ケトン系、又はセロソルブ系の水溶性有機溶剤の併用を妨げるものではない。
この他に、界面活性剤、消泡剤、レベリング剤、防菌防ばい剤、着色剤、及び硬化剤等、本発明の趣旨及び皮膜性能を損なわない範囲で添加し得る。また、皮膜の耐食性を向上させるため、メチロール化メラミン、カルボジイミド、及びイソシアネート等の有機架橋剤、及び、密着性向上のため、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、及びN−β−アミノエチル−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン等のシランカップリング剤を、本発明の趣旨及び皮膜性能を損なわない範囲で添加し得る。
本発明に係る金属表面処理剤は、図1に示すように、被処理物である金属材料1の表面に塗布され、本発明に係る表面処理皮膜2を形成する。ここで、被処理物である金属材料1は特に限定されず、各種のものを適用できる。特に本発明では、金属材料1の表面に表面処理皮膜2を形成した後に樹脂フィルム(3)をラミネートし又は樹脂塗膜(3)を形成し、その後に深絞り加工、しごき加工又はストレッチドロー加工等の厳しい成形加工を施すことができる金属材料が好ましく用いられる。なお、図1では、金属材料1の一方の表面に表面処理皮膜2と樹脂フィルム又は樹脂塗膜(3)を形成した例を示しているが、金属材料1の両面に、すなわち他方の表面にも表面処理皮膜を形成し、さらに樹脂フィルム又は樹脂塗膜を設けてもよい。
本発明に係る金属表面処理方法は、上述した金属表面処理剤を金属表面に塗布した後、60〜250℃の温度で加熱乾燥する方法である。ここで、「金属表面」とは、表面処理皮膜を形成する対象となる金属材料の表面のことである。金属材料の表面は、必要に応じて脱脂され、洗浄される。脱脂剤は、金属基材に適した各種のものから選択できる。また、洗浄液は、通常、水が用いられるが、水溶性溶剤又は界面活性剤水溶液等であってもよい。また、脱脂手段や洗浄手段は特に制限はなく、スプレー法、又は浸漬法等が好適に用いられる。
(ウレタン樹脂:記号a)
モノマー組成を、ポリオール成分「イソフタル酸と1,6ヘキサンジオールのポリエステルポリオール(数平均分子量:2000)200部、トリメチロールプロパン(分子量:134)5部、N−メチル−ジエタノールアミン(分子量:119)32部」、イソシアネート成分「イソホロンジイソシアネート(分子量:222)118部」、鎖伸長剤「エチレンジアミン(分子量:60)5部」とした。
成分1「ビスフェノールA系エポキシ樹脂(油化シェルエポキシ株式会社製、エピコート828)(エポキシ当量:187g)235.7部」、成分2「ビスフェノールA 59.4部」、成分3「反応触媒(塩化リチウム)0.1部」、成分4「ジエタノールアミン14部」とした。
成分1「ビスフェノールA−ジグリシジルエーテル系エポキシ樹脂(三井化学株式会社製、エポミックR302)(エポキシ当量:475g)1000部」、成分2「3−アミノプロパノール118.4部」とした。
モノマー組成として、「メタクリル酸メチル(分子量:100)20部、ブチルアクリレート(分子量:128)40部、2−ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート(分子量:144)10部、スチレン(分子量:104)10部、N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピルメタクリレート(分子量:175)20部」を用いた。
下記構造式のビスフェノール型カチオン変性フェノール樹脂を用いた。下記構造式中、重合度(m+n)は10〜15であり、n/mは40/60である。
アクリルアミド(80質量%)とメタクリル酸(20質量%)との共重合体(平均分子量:20000)を用いた。
下記構造式のグリセリル化キトサン(数平均分子量:1〜10万、グリセリル化1.1)を用いた。
ポリアクリル酸(数平均分子量:30000)を用いた。
ポリエチレンイミン(数平均分子量:1600)を用いた。
モノマー組成として、「メタクリル酸メチル(分子量:100)20部、ブチルアクリレート(分子量:128)55部、2−ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート(分子量:144)10部、スチレン(分子量:104)10部、N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピルメタクリレート(分子量:175)5部」を用いた。アクリル樹脂iの合成は、アクリル樹脂cと同様に行った。
ポリエチレンイミン(数平均分子量:10000)を用いた。
成分1「ビスフェノールA系エポキシ樹脂(油化シェルエポキシ株式会社製、エピコート828)(エポキシ当量:187g)235.7部」、成分2「ビスフェノールA 59.4部」、成分3「反応触媒(塩化リチウム)0.1部」、成分4「ジエタノールアミン7部」とした。エポキシ樹脂kの合成は、エポキシ樹脂bと同様に行った。
用いた水溶性金属化合物(M)を以下に示す。
M1:重リン酸クロム Cr(H2PO4)3
M2:フッ化クロム CrF3・3H2O
M3:ジルコニウムフッ化水素酸 H2ZrF6
M4:チタンフッ化水素酸 H2TiF6
M5:バナジウムアセチルアセトネート VO(C5H7O2)2
上記した水系樹脂と水溶性金属化合物とを組み合わせ、表2〜表4に示す実施例1〜39の金属表面処理剤と、比較例1〜11の金属表面処理剤を準備した。
アルミニウム合金板(JIS A3004、板厚0.26mm)をファインクリーナー4377K(日本パーカライジング株式会社製のアルカリ脱脂剤)の2%水溶液で50℃・10秒間スプレー脱脂した後、水洗して表面を清浄した。続いて、アルミニウム合金板の表面の水分を蒸発させるために、80℃で1分間、加熱乾燥した。脱脂洗浄したアルミニウム合金板の表面に、表2に示した実施例1〜39及び比較例1〜11の金属表面処理剤の5質量%水溶液をバーコート(#3バー)によって塗布し、熱風循環式乾燥炉内で200℃、1分間乾燥し、アルミニウム合金板の表面に表面処理皮膜を形成した。表面処理皮膜を形成したアルミニウム合金板に、ポリエステル系フィルム(膜厚16μm)を250℃で5秒間(到達板温で180℃)、面圧が50kg/cm2になるようにヒートラミネートして「被覆金属板」を作製した。
被覆金属板を深絞り加工した後の初期密着性、耐久密着性及び耐酸密着性を以下のようにして評価した。さらに、薬剤安定性についても以下のようにして評価した。その結果を表5に示した。
深絞り加工した後の供試材について、初期密着性を評価した。缶が作製でき、フィルムの剥離がないものを「○」とし、缶は作製できるがフィルムが一部剥離したものを「△」とし、破断して缶が作製できないものを「×」とした。また、「○」の中で、全く剥離が見られず特に外観に優れるものを「◎」とした。
深絞り加工した後の供試材について、加熱加圧蒸気の雰囲気下でレトルト試験を実施した。レトルト試験は、市販の滅菌装置(オートクレーブ)を用い、125℃・1時間で行った。試験後の供試材について、フィルムの剥離がないものを「○」とし、フィルムの一部が剥離したものを「△」とし、フィルムが全面剥離したものを「×」とした。また、「○」の中で、全く剥離が見られず特に外観に優れるものを「◎」とした。
深絞り加工した後の供試材について、50℃の0.5%HF水溶液中に16時間浸漬した後の密着性を評価した。フィルムの剥離がないものを「○」とし、フィルムの一部が剥離したものを「△」とし、フィルムが全面剥離したものを「×」とした。また、「○」の中で、全く剥離が見られず特に外観に優れるものを「◎」とした。
表2〜表4に示す実施例1〜39及び比較例1〜11の金属表面処理剤(薬剤)それぞれ200ccを300ccのポリ容器にそれぞれ封入し、20℃の雰囲気中で2週間静置した後の薬剤の状態を評価した。固化、分離及び沈殿のないものを「○」とし、固化と分離はないが沈殿のあるものを「△」とし、固化と分離のあるものを「×」とした。また、「○」の中で、全く固化、分離及び沈殿が見られず特に安定性に優れるものを「◎」とした。
2 表面処理皮膜
3 ラミネートフィルム又は樹脂塗膜
10 表面処理皮膜を有する金属材料
Claims (4)
- 金属材料の表面に表面処理皮膜を塗布形成するための金属表面処理剤であって、
エポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、ホルマリン縮合樹脂、天然多糖類、ポリアミド及びポリアクリルアミドから選ばれる1種又は2種以上の水系樹脂と、Cr(III)、Zr、Ti、V、Nb、Mo、W及びCeから選ばれる1種又は2種以上の金属元素を含む水溶性金属化合物とを含有し、
前記水系樹脂のうち少なくとも1種が、下記構造式(1)〜(8)から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の含窒素官能基を有し、
塗布形成される前記表面処理皮膜に含まれる窒素と炭素の質量比(N/C)が0.008〜0.343であり、且つ、Cr(III)、Zr、Ti、V、Nb、Mo、W及びCeから選ばれる金属元素の合計と炭素の質量比(TM/C)が0.01〜1.3である、ことを特徴とする金属表面処理剤。
(構造式(1)〜(8)において、R1、R2、R3は、それぞれ独立に、水素、又は、炭素数1〜10の直鎖、分岐鎖若しくは環状のアルキル基、アルケニル基、ヒドロキシアルキル基、ヒドロキシアルケニル基、アリール基、アリールアルキル基、ヒドロキシアリール基又はヒドロキシアリールアルキル基である。Xは、水酸イオン、ハロゲンイオン、硫酸イオン、スルホン酸イオン、リン酸イオン及びホスホン酸イオンから選ばれる1種又は2種以上である。)
- 金属材料の表面に表面処理皮膜を塗布形成するための金属表面処理剤であって、
エポキシ樹脂及びアクリル樹脂から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の第1水系樹脂と、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、ホルマリン縮合樹脂、天然多糖類、ポリアミド及びポリアクリルアミドから選ばれる1種又は2種以上の第2水系樹脂と、Cr(III)、Zr、Ti、V、Nb、Mo、W及びCeから選ばれる1種又は2種以上の金属元素を含む水溶性金属化合物とを含有し、
前記第1水系樹脂及び第2水系樹脂のうち少なくとも1種が、下記構造式(1)〜(8)から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の含窒素官能基を有し、
塗布形成される前記表面処理皮膜に含まれる窒素と炭素の質量比(N/C)が0.008〜0.343であり、且つ、Cr(III)、Zr、Ti、V、Nb、Mo、W及びCeから選ばれる金属元素の合計と炭素の質量比(TM/C)が0.01〜1.3である、ことを特徴とする金属表面処理剤。
(構造式(1)〜(8)において、R1、R2、R3は、それぞれ独立に、水素、又は、炭素数1〜10の直鎖、分岐鎖若しくは環状のアルキル基、アルケニル基、ヒドロキシアルキル基、ヒドロキシアルケニル基、アリール基、アリールアルキル基、ヒドロキシアリール基又はヒドロキシアリールアルキル基である。Xは、水酸イオン、ハロゲンイオン、硫酸イオン、スルホン酸イオン、リン酸イオン及びホスホン酸イオンから選ばれる少なくとも1種である。)
- 前記含窒素官能基を含む水系樹脂の該含窒素官能基1個当たりの数平均分子量が、50〜3000であり、前記金属表面処理剤中の全固形分に対する前記水溶性金属化合物が、金属換算で1〜50質量%含まれる、請求項1又は2に記載の金属表面処理剤。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の金属表面処理剤を金属材料の表面に塗布した後、60〜250℃の温度で加熱乾燥することを特徴とする金属表面処理方法。
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Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |