JP5695478B2 - 光学式変位測定装置 - Google Patents
光学式変位測定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5695478B2 JP5695478B2 JP2011091282A JP2011091282A JP5695478B2 JP 5695478 B2 JP5695478 B2 JP 5695478B2 JP 2011091282 A JP2011091282 A JP 2011091282A JP 2011091282 A JP2011091282 A JP 2011091282A JP 5695478 B2 JP5695478 B2 JP 5695478B2
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 116
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 66
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 33
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
- G01D5/34746—Linear encoders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/36—Forming the light into pulses
- G01D5/38—Forming the light into pulses by diffraction gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B9/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B9/02—Interferometers
- G01B9/02055—Reduction or prevention of errors; Testing; Calibration
- G01B9/02075—Reduction or prevention of errors; Testing; Calibration of particular errors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
Λは格子ピッチ、λ0は可干渉光の真空中の中心波長、mは回折次数で、本実施例ではm=1。
また、この光学式変位測定装置40は、図1及び図5に示すように、反射光学系42を備えている。
I=I1+I2+2√(I1・I2)cos(4Kx+φ) ・・・ 式(1)
K=2π/Λ(Λは格子ピッチ)
なる式(1)にて示され、位置検出部では、受光素子30からの干渉信号に基づき回折格子11の移動位置を検出することができる。
sinθn=sinθ/n
であり、光路長差Δは、
Δ=2L(n/cosθ’+tanθ’・sinθ) 式(2B)
なる式(2B)にて表すことができる。なお、角度の符号は図9の(A),(B)に示すとおりにしてある。
Δ=BCD+FA
BCD=2Ln/cosθ’
FA=2L・tanθ’・sinθ
となる。また、図7における光路長差Δは、
Δ=BCD−EF
BCD=2Ln/cosθ’
EF=−2L・tanθ’・sinθ(角度符号の取り方からtanθ’はマイナス値)
となる。
この式(3)に上記図10に示した可干渉光の中心波長λ0の値すなわち793.8nm、スペクトルのピーク間隔Δλの値すなわち0.19nm代入すると、
793.82/0.19×10−6=3.3mm
となり、図11に示したコヒーレンシー曲線のピーク間隔ΔLと一致する。
650.02/0.25×10−6=1.69mm
となり、コヒーレンシー曲線は図12にようになる。
Δ=2L(n/cosθ’+tanθ’・sinθ)
が0.4mmから2.9mmの間にあれば、迷光回折光と1次回折光の光路長差はこの範囲に入り干渉のピークとピークの間に収めることできる。それにより、ピーク部分での1次光と回折迷光の強い干渉を避けることが可能となり、干渉信号の変動を最小にすることにより、誤差の発生を最小にすることができる。
この結果からわかるのは、変動率が0.03以下であれば内挿誤差は0.2nm以下になることを示している。この値は、半導体製造装置等の高精度の位置制御が必要な場合でも十分な値である。
Claims (1)
- 複数の周波数で発振するマルチモード半導体レーザ光源と、上記マルチモード半導体レーザ光源に対して移動する回折格子とを備え、上記マルチモード半導体レーザ光源から上記回折格子を介して出射されるレーザ光の当該回折格子による回折光を干渉させ当該回折格子の移動量を計測する光学式変位測定装置であって、
上記回折格子が形成された面を覆うように形成された屈折率nで厚さLの透明な保護層を有し、
上記保護層は、保護層表面の法線と入射光のなす角度をθ、回折格子で発生する回折光が保護層の境界面で反射し迷光となって回折格子に再入射するとき回折格子面の法線のなす角をθ’としたとき、Δ=2L(n/cosθ’+tanθ’・sinθ)にて示される迷光とその迷光と干渉する光線の光路長差Δを、当該光路長差Δが0の場合における干渉信号の干渉強度に対し2%以下の干渉強度の干渉信号となる範囲内とする厚さLを有することを特徴とする光学式変位測定装置。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011091282A JP5695478B2 (ja) | 2011-04-15 | 2011-04-15 | 光学式変位測定装置 |
US13/446,709 US8780357B2 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2012-04-13 | Optical displacement measurement device with optimization of the protective film |
DE102012007452.2A DE102012007452B4 (de) | 2011-04-15 | 2012-04-13 | Optische Verschiebungsmesseinrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP2011091282A JP5695478B2 (ja) | 2011-04-15 | 2011-04-15 | 光学式変位測定装置 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2012225681A JP2012225681A (ja) | 2012-11-15 |
JP5695478B2 true JP5695478B2 (ja) | 2015-04-08 |
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JP2011091282A Active JP5695478B2 (ja) | 2011-04-15 | 2011-04-15 | 光学式変位測定装置 |
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US (1) | US8780357B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5695478B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102012007452B4 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2020094880A (ja) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-18 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 反射型スケール |
Families Citing this family (6)
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JP5695478B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-15 | 2015-04-08 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 光学式変位測定装置 |
CN103575220B (zh) * | 2013-10-31 | 2016-09-14 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | 基于光纤耦合器的小型化单光栅干涉测量系统及测量方法 |
CN106152947B (zh) * | 2015-03-31 | 2019-11-29 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | 测量物体尺寸的设备、方法和装置 |
CN107665930B (zh) * | 2017-08-30 | 2023-05-05 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | 一种实现波长拓展功能的量子阱红外探测器及设计方法 |
JP2019120500A (ja) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-22 | 株式会社ミツトヨ | スケールおよびその製造方法 |
JP7523989B2 (ja) | 2020-08-04 | 2024-07-29 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 変位測定装置 |
Family Cites Families (21)
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JPH0781884B2 (ja) | 1984-10-01 | 1995-09-06 | ソニーマグネスケール株式会社 | 光学式変位測定装置 |
JP2547826B2 (ja) | 1988-10-19 | 1996-10-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | マルチモード半導体レーザを使用する干渉計測装置 |
JP2603338B2 (ja) * | 1989-06-16 | 1997-04-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | 変位測定装置 |
JPH04211202A (ja) | 1990-03-19 | 1992-08-03 | Canon Inc | 反射型回折格子および該回折格子を用いた装置 |
JPH0451201A (ja) * | 1990-06-19 | 1992-02-19 | Canon Inc | 透過型回折格子及び該回折格子を用いたエンコーダ |
JPH06241728A (ja) * | 1993-02-15 | 1994-09-02 | Soltec:Kk | 位置ずれ及びギャップ検出方法 |
JP4023923B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-02 | 2007-12-19 | ソニーマニュファクチュアリングシステムズ株式会社 | 光学式変位測定装置 |
JP3325840B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-19 | 2002-09-17 | 株式会社ミツトヨ | 反射型ホログラムスケール及びこれを用いた光学式変位測定装置 |
DE10150099A1 (de) | 2001-10-11 | 2003-04-17 | Heidenhain Gmbh Dr Johannes | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Maßstabes, sowie derart hergestellter Maßstab und eine Positionsmesseinrichtung |
US20030174343A1 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2003-09-18 | Mitutoyo Corporation | Optical displacement sensing device with reduced sensitivity to misalignment |
JP4559056B2 (ja) * | 2003-10-17 | 2010-10-06 | ソニーマニュファクチュアリングシステムズ株式会社 | 変位検出装置 |
JP4880893B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-08 | 2012-02-22 | 株式会社ミツトヨ | 光電式エンコーダ |
JP5172195B2 (ja) | 2007-04-09 | 2013-03-27 | 株式会社森精機製作所 | 光学式変位測定装置 |
JP2008261790A (ja) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-30 | Hitachi High-Technologies Corp | 欠陥検査装置 |
JP4828612B2 (ja) | 2007-06-01 | 2011-11-30 | 株式会社ミツトヨ | 反射型エンコーダ、そのスケール、及び、スケールの製造方法 |
JP2009036637A (ja) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-19 | Sony Corp | 変位測定装置 |
JP5656467B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-17 | 2015-01-21 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 位置検出装置 |
JP5566203B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-21 | 2014-08-06 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 変位検出装置 |
JP5618898B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-31 | 2014-11-05 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 変位検出装置 |
JP5695478B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-15 | 2015-04-08 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 光学式変位測定装置 |
JP6076589B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-11 | 2017-02-08 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 変位検出装置 |
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2011
- 2011-04-15 JP JP2011091282A patent/JP5695478B2/ja active Active
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- 2012-04-13 US US13/446,709 patent/US8780357B2/en active Active
- 2012-04-13 DE DE102012007452.2A patent/DE102012007452B4/de active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2020094880A (ja) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-18 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 反射型スケール |
JP7139233B2 (ja) | 2018-12-11 | 2022-09-20 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 反射型スケール |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102012007452A1 (de) | 2012-10-18 |
US8780357B2 (en) | 2014-07-15 |
US20120257214A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
DE102012007452B4 (de) | 2022-08-04 |
JP2012225681A (ja) | 2012-11-15 |
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