JP5151150B2 - 導電性焼結層形成用組成物、これを用いた導電性被膜形成法および接合法 - Google Patents
導電性焼結層形成用組成物、これを用いた導電性被膜形成法および接合法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5151150B2 JP5151150B2 JP2006353652A JP2006353652A JP5151150B2 JP 5151150 B2 JP5151150 B2 JP 5151150B2 JP 2006353652 A JP2006353652 A JP 2006353652A JP 2006353652 A JP2006353652 A JP 2006353652A JP 5151150 B2 JP5151150 B2 JP 5151150B2
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- silver oxide
- silver
- metal particles
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- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
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- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
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Description
10,12−ヘキサコサジインカルボン酸,10,12−ヘプタコサジインカルボン酸,10,12−オクタコサジインカルボン酸,10,12−ノナコサジインカルボン酸,2,4−ヘキサジインジカルボン酸,3,5−オクタジインジカルボン酸,4,6−デカジインジカルボン酸,8,10−オクタデカジインジカルボン酸などが挙げられる。
MPa以上の電極に対する強度を有することが可能である。
本発明は、有機物で被覆された金属粒子と酸化銀とを混合することで、各々単体に比較して低温で焼結することができるという現象を利用した導電性焼結層形成用組成物である。
本発明の導電性焼結層形成用組成物を用いて導電性焼結層を作製すると、そのプロセス温度が低温化する。図2は、有機物で被覆された金属粒子単体を用いた場合に対するプロセス完了温度の低温化率を表している。有機物で被覆された金属粒子は、カルボン酸類に被覆された1〜100nmの粒径を有する銀ナノ粒子およびアミン類に被覆された1〜
1000nmの粒径を有する銀ナノ粒子を用い、それぞれに平均粒径が約2μmの酸化銀粒子を、図2の横軸に示す重量比になるようにそれぞれ混合した。加熱工程については、加熱工程における保持時間の影響をなくすために、加熱速度10℃/min とし昇温工程のみを付与した。プロセス終了は有機物分解と酸化銀分解が終了した温度、つまり重量減少が終了した温度とした。重量減少が終了したことを確認するために、加熱温度は金属銀が溶融する温度以上の1000℃に至るまでとした。重量減少については、Seiko
Instruments 製TG/DTA6200を用い測定を行った。測定は大気中で行った。有機物で被覆された銀ナノ粒子単体を用いた場合のプロセス完了温度と酸化銀を添加した場合のプロセス完了温度との差をとり、これを有機物で被覆された銀ナノ粒子単体を用いた場合のプロセス完了温度で除すことによりプロセス完了温度の低温化率として定義した。図2に示されるように、組成物中に酸化銀が添加されることで20%以上の加熱温度の低温化が図ることが可能である。また、有機物で被覆された金属粒子に対して酸化銀の重量比が150重量比である場合、約40%の加熱温度の低温化を達成できる。
本発明の導電性焼結層形成用組成物を接合材として用いることによって、有機物で被覆された金属粒子単体を用いた場合に比較して、低温で高い接合強度を得ることが可能となることを以下に説明する。
kg)を用いた。せん断速度は30mm/min とし、試験片をせん断ツールで破断させ、破断時の最大荷重を測定した。このようにして得られた最大荷重を接合面積で除することにより得られた値を継手のせん断強度とする。
本実施例においては、従来技術である炭酸銀を添加する場合と、本発明である酸化銀を添加した場合の比較を行った。有機物で被覆された金属粒子は、カルボン酸類に被覆された1〜100nmの粒径を有する銀ナノ粒子を用いた。また、前記銀ナノ粒子それぞれに対し、平均粒径が約2μmの酸化銀粒子と炭酸銀を、その添加量が図5の横軸に示す重量比になるようにそれぞれ混合した。測定に用いた被接合試験片は、上記実施例3と同様の形状である円板形状の試験片を用いた。さらに、その表面にはAuめっきを施している。これら上下試験片間に上記接合材を設置し、加熱工程と加圧工程を加えることにより接合した。接合条件は、接合最高加熱温度が250および300℃、接合時間が150s、接合加圧力が2.5MPa とした。せん断強度は実施例3と同様に最大荷重を測定し、本実施例における接合材を用いた際のせん断強度の指標として、高融点はんだを用い、接合温度350℃,接合時間300s、無加圧で作製した接合継手のせん断強度に対する相対強度比とした。図5にその結果を示す。
図7は本発明の実施例の一つである非絶縁型半導体装置の構造を示した図である。図7(a)は上面図、図7(b)は図7(a)A−A′部の断面図である。半導体素子
(MOSFET)101をセラミックス絶縁基板102上に、セラミックス絶縁基板102をベース材103上にそれぞれ搭載した後、エポキシ系樹脂ケース104,ボンディングワイヤ105,エポキシ系樹脂のふた106を設け、同一ケース内にシリコーンゲル樹脂107を充填した。ここで、ベース材103上のセラミックス絶縁基板102は、カルボン酸類で被覆された粒径が1〜1000nmの銀粒子に対し酸化銀粒子が100重量比になるように混合し、さらにトルエンに分散させた導電性焼結層形成用組成物により形成した接合層108で接合され、セラミックス絶縁基板102のCu電極102a上には8個のSiからなるMOSFET素子101が上記導電性焼結層形成用組成物により形成した接合層109で接合されている。
108および109による接合は、まず、セラミックス絶縁基板102のCu電極102a(表面にNiめっきが施されている)上、およびベース材103上に導電性焼結層形成用組成物をCu電極102a(表面にNiめっきが施されている)上とベース材103上にそれぞれ塗布する。次に前記導電性焼結層形成用組成物上に半導体素子101、およびセラミックス絶縁基板102を配置する。そして、約250℃まで加熱し300s、加圧力1MPaの接合条件により接合を行った。
110の間は、直径300μmのAl線からなるボンディングワイヤ105を用い超音波接合法によりワイヤボンディングした。111は温度検出用サーミスタ素子であり、前記導電性焼結層形成用組成物で形成された接合層109で構成され、電極102と端子110間を直径300μmのAl線からなるボンディングワイヤ105をワイヤボンディングし外部へ連絡されている。
104に取り付けられている。
103上にはセラミックス絶縁基板102搭載領域に対応するように撥水膜122が施されている。さらに、セラミックス絶縁基板102上には、半導体素子101の搭載領域に対応するように撥水膜121が施されており、塗布時の溶液流れ防止を図っている。
図10は本発明の導電性焼結層形成用組成物を用いた非絶縁型半導体装置における他の実施例の一つを示した図である。
図12は実施例5と同様の非絶縁型半導体装置の構造を示した図である。本実施例において、実施例5のボンディングワイヤ105をクリップ状の接続端子305とした。各素子101に形成されたゲート電極,エミッタ電極等と、絶縁基板上に形成した電極102a,102bエポキシ系樹脂ケース104にあらかじめ取り付けられている端子110の間は、クリップ状の接続端子305を用い、カルボン酸類で被覆された粒径が1〜100nmの銀粒子に対し酸化銀粒子が100重量比になるように混合した導電性焼結層形成用組成物により形成された接合層511を介して外部へ連絡されている。接合は、250℃まで加熱後120s保持し、その間約0.1MPa の荷重を付与することにより行われている。
本実施例ではセルラー電話機等の送信部に用いる高周波電力増幅装置としての絶縁型半導体装置について説明する。
ppm /℃)402を含むチップ部品が搭載されている。MOSFET素子409と多層ガラスセラミック基板400の間には、例えばCu−Cu2O 複合材からなる中間金属部材103が装備されている。多層ガラスセラミック基板400の内部には厚膜内層配線層
(Ag−1wt.% 1Pt、厚さ15μm)、多層配線間の電気的連絡のための厚膜スルーホール導体(Ag−1wt.% 1Pt、直径140μm)、放熱路のための厚膜サーマルビア(Ag−1wt.% 1Pt、直径140μm)が設けられている。また、多層ガラスセラミック基板400の一方の主面上に厚膜配線パターン(Ag−1wt.% 1Pt、厚さ15μm)404が設けられ、この厚膜配線パターン404上にはチップ抵抗401,チップコンデンサ402を含むチップ部品がアミン類で被覆された粒径が1〜1000nmの銀粒子に対し酸化銀粒子が100重量比になるように混合し、さらにトルエンに分散させた導電性焼結層形成用組成物を厚膜配線パターン上に塗布し、チップ部品に対して0.5MPaの荷重を300℃において120s付与することにより、焼結銀層405により導電的に固着されている。MOSFET素子(Si、3.5ppm/℃)409は、多層ガラスセラミック基板400の一方の主面に設けた凹みの部分に中間金属部材403を介して搭載される。搭載は10のマイナス3乗の真空中で行った。中間金属部材403のサイズは2.8
mm×2.2mm×0.2mmである。ここで、MOSFET素子409と中間金属部材403を接続する焼結銀層405や、中間金属部材403と多層ガラスセラミック基板400を接続する接合層406は、いずれも前記導電性焼結層形成用組成物を用いて接合された層である。MOSFET素子409と厚膜配線パターン404の所定部間には、Cuからなるクリップ型の接続端子407が前記導電性焼結層形成用組成物を用いて接合されている。このとき、クリップには0.1MPa の荷重を300℃において2min 付与することにより接合を行った。多層ガラスセラミック基板400の他方の主面には、厚膜外部電極層
404′(Ag−1wt.% 1Pt、厚さ15μm)が設けられている。厚膜外部電極層
404′は多層ガラスセラミック基板400の内部に設けられた内部配線層やスルーホール配線を中継して厚膜配線パターン404と電気的に接続されている。多層ガラスセラミック基板400の一方の主面側にはエポキシ樹脂層408が設けられ、これにより搭載チップ部品等は封止されている。
本実施例ではミニモールド型トランジスタ用のリードフレームとして複合材を適用した非絶縁型半導体装置について説明する。
504の搭載とクリップ形状の端子502が施された主要部は、トランスファモールドによってエポキシ樹脂503で覆われている。リードフレーム500はエポキシ樹脂503によるモールドが完了した段階で切り離され、それぞれ独立した端子としての機能が付与される。
LEDを基板に実装する際に本発明の導電性焼結層形成用組成物を用いて接合を行うことで、従来の半田や熱伝導性接着材よりも放熱性を向上させることが可能になる。
図15は、カルボン酸類に被覆された銀粒子において、1〜100nmの粒径を有する粒子に対する100nm〜5μmの粒径を有する粒子の重量比を図の横軸に示すように変化させ、せん断強度との関係を調査した結果である。平均粒径が約2μmの酸化銀粒子は銀粒子に対して100重量比と固定し混合した。測定に用いた被接合試験片は、上記実施例3と同様の形状である円板形状の試験片を用いた。さらに、その表面にはAgめっきを施している。これら上下試験片間に上記接合材を設置し、加熱工程と加圧工程を加えることにより接合した。接合条件は、接合最高加熱温度が300℃、接合時間が150s、接合加圧力が2.5MPa とした。せん断強度は実施例3と同様に最大荷重を測定し、本実施例における接合材を用いた際のせん断強度の指標として、高融点はんだを用い、接合温度350℃,接合時間300s、無加圧で作製した接合継手のせん断強度に対する相対強度比とした。
本実施例においては、本発明の導電性焼結層形成用組成物を用いた配線形成について説明する。従来技術として、カルボン酸類に被覆された1〜100nmの粒径を有する銀ナノ粒子を比較材として用いた。前記銀ナノ粒子に対し、平均粒径が約2μmの酸化銀粒子を100重量比混合し形成した配線の体積抵抗率を4端子法にて測定した。配線形成は、両者をテルピネオールに分散させることによりペースト化し、基板上に塗布、180℃で900s間加熱することにより作製した。その結果、表4に示すように、従来よりも1オーダー小さな体積抵抗を有する銀配線が作製された。このように、有機物で被覆された金属粒子に対して酸化銀を添加することにより、形成される配線の電気抵抗値を向上することが可能になる。
2 有機物で表面が被覆された金属粒子
3 酸化銀
4 接合焼結層
101,201 半導体素子
102,202 セラミックス絶縁基板
102a Cu電極
103,203 ベース材
104 エポキシ系樹脂ケース
105 ボンディングワイヤ
106 エポキシ系樹脂のふた
107 シリコーンゲル樹脂
108,109 接合層
110 端子
111 温度検出用サーミスタ素子
202a,202b Cu配線
204 接続端子
Claims (8)
- カルボン酸類、アルコール類、アミン類の群から選ばれる1種類以上の官能基を含む有機物で表面が被覆された粒径が1nm〜5μmの金属粒子と、
酸化銀粒子と、を含み、
組成物中における前記金属粒子と前記酸化銀の総重量比率が70%〜95%であり、
前記酸化銀と前記金属粒子との構成比は、前記酸化銀が前記有機物で表面が被覆された金属粒子に対して、0より大きく400より小さい重量比の範囲であり、
大気中で昇温速度1℃/minで加熱を行った場合に100℃〜140℃の間に発熱ピークを有することを特徴とする接合用材料。 - ペースト化のための溶媒あるいは還元剤を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の接合用材料。
- 前記金属粒子の粒径が1〜100nmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の接合用材料。
- 前記金属粒子がAu,Ag,Cu,Ni,Ti,Pt,Pdの群から選ばれる単体、または、Au,Ag,Cu,Ni,Ti,Pt,Pdの群から選ばれる二種以上の金属、またはその合金であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の接合用材料。
- 前記酸化銀粒子の粒径が1nm〜50μmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の接合用材料。
- カルボン酸類、アルコール類、アミン類の群から選ばれる1種類以上の官能基を含む有機物で表面が被覆された粒径が1nm〜5μmの金属粒子と、
酸化銀粒子と、を含み、
組成物中における前記金属粒子と前記酸化銀の総重量比率が70%〜95%であり、
前記酸化銀と前記金属粒子との構成比は、前記酸化銀が前記有機物で表面が被覆された金属粒子に対して、0より大きく400より小さい重量比の範囲であり、
大気中で昇温速度1℃/minで加熱を行った場合に100℃〜140℃の間に発熱ピークを有する接合用材料を被接合剤の間に配置し、加熱することによって前記被接合剤を接合することを特徴とする接合方法。 - 請求項6において、加圧付与工程を含むことを特徴とする接合方法。
- 請求項7において、加圧付与の荷重が0より大きく10MPaより小さいことを特徴とする接合方法。
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2006
- 2006-12-28 JP JP2006353652A patent/JP5151150B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2007
- 2007-12-28 US US11/965,810 patent/US20080160183A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20080160183A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
US20130119322A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
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