JP5147207B2 - Hydrogel wound dressing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention has excellent elasticity, absorbs wound surface exudate, can maintain a moist environment suitable for promoting wound surface healing for a long time, and when changing the wound dressing The present invention relates to a hydrogel wound dressing that does not cause pain or damage to regenerated skin.

Conventionally, gauze, powders, sprays, ointments, creams, sponges and the like have been used as therapeutic agents for wound surfaces. Most of these were intended to dry and heal wound sites by absorbing exudate from the wound surface. However, in recent years, it has been found that by maintaining exudate on the wound surface rather than drying the wound site and maintaining an appropriate moist environment, an effect of promoting wound healing can be seen, making the wound site an appropriate moist environment. The need to maintain has been recognized and suitable wound dressings have been developed.
As requirements for the wound dressing, absorption, wet maintenance, prevention of bacterial invasion, prevention of bacterial growth, mechanical strength, adhesiveness, transparency and the like are required. The mechanical strength means that even when the exudate is absorbed, the covering material does not fall apart, and small pieces do not remain in the wound part at the time of replacement. Transparency is necessary for observation of the affected area.
Known wound dressings include polyurethane films, hydrocolloids, PVA hydrogels, alginate gels, and the like.

  Among the above wound dressings, the wound dressing material in which an acrylic adhesive is applied to the polyurethane film is very excellent in stretchability, but exudates are exuded because there is no absorbability of exudates. When this is applied to a wound surface, a puddle occurs and drainage is required. Moreover, since adhesive force is also strong, there exists a possibility of causing pain at the time of replacement | exchange, or damaging the reproduced | regenerated skin (refer patent document 1, 2, 3).

Hydrocolloid absorbs exudate when the hydrophilic colloid particles contained in the hydrophobic base swell, so that it absorbs exudate and is excellent in absorbability. However, a gel-like substance tends to remain on the wound surface during replacement. In addition, many are translucent to opaque and it is difficult to observe the wound surface. Furthermore, since the adhesive strength is strong, there is a risk that it may be painful at the time of replacement or damage the regenerated skin.
PVA hydrogel contains approximately 80% purified water in the formulation, so it is very excellent in maintaining a moist environment, reducing pain due to cooling effect, and transparency, but has little adhesive strength. Fixing materials such as bandages and surgical tape are required. Moreover, in order to give PVA hydrogel adhesive strength, proposals have been made to devise radiation irradiation or the like (see Patent Document 4), but the adhesive strength is still insufficient.

  Alginate gel is excellent in hemostasis and exudate absorption, but gels with exudate, so gel substances are likely to remain on the wound surface during replacement. There is a need to cover with a film material to prevent invasion and bacterial growth (see Patent Document 5).

Therefore, it has excellent stretchability, absorbs exudate, can maintain a moist environment suitable for promoting healing of the wound surface for a long time, and pain and regenerated skin when changing the wound dressing There has been a desire for a hydrogel wound dressing that does not damage the skin.
JP 58-87153 A JP-A-4-272765 JP 2006-61263 A Japanese Patent No. 3773983 JP-A-8-187280

  The present invention has excellent elasticity, absorbs wound surface exudate, can maintain a moist environment suitable for promoting wound surface healing for a long time, and when changing the wound dressing It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydrogel wound dressing which does not cause pain or damage to the regenerated skin.

In order to obtain the above wound dressing, the present inventors have intensively studied. As a result, a hydrogel containing a water-soluble synthetic or semi-synthetic polymer, glycerin and water is composed of a polyurethane film and hydrophobic fibers. It is applied to a laminate film of layers, and its water vapor transmission rate is 500 to 2000 (g / m ² / 24h) as measured by the JIS Z0208 cup method, providing excellent wound surface protection and exudate absorption. A hydrogel wound dressing that can maintain a moist environment suitable for promoting healing of the wound surface for a long time and does not cause pain or damage to the regenerated skin when replacing the wound dressing. The present invention has been completed by finding out that it can be obtained.

  The hydrogel wound dressing of the present invention has excellent wound surface protection, exudate absorbability, can maintain a moist environment suitable for promoting wound surface healing for a long time, There is an effect that there is no possibility of damaging the pain or the regenerated skin when replacing the material.

That is, in the present invention, a hydrogel containing a water-soluble synthetic or semi-synthetic polymer, glycerin and water is applied to a two-layer laminate film composed of a polyurethane film and a hydrophobic fiber, and the moisture permeability is JIS Z0208 cup method. It is related with the hydrogel wound dressing which is 500-2000 (g / m < ² > / 24h) by the measurement by.
In addition, by using a support having a polyurethane film thickness of 5 to 25 μm and a constant load elongation of 5% or more, the wound surface can be observed while maintaining an appropriate moist environment. Transparency as much as possible can be maintained. Furthermore, by setting the moisture permeability of the two-layer laminate film made of polyurethane film and hydrophobic fiber within the range of 200 to 5000 (g / m ² / 24h) as measured by the JIS L1099 calcium chloride method, Effects such as maintenance for a long time and prevention of skin irritation due to stuffiness can also be obtained.

  And it can have moderate adhesiveness by making the water content in a hydrogel into 30 to 80%. In other words, it is possible to combine the maintenance of a moderate moist environment on the wound surface and the effect of preventing skin damage due to peeling when the wound dressing is replaced. In addition, it has the advantage of ensuring high absorbency of exudate.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
The hydrogel wound dressing of the present invention has a moisture permeability of 500 to 2000 (g / m ² / 24h), preferably 700 to 1500 (g / m ² / 24h) as measured by the JIS Z0208 cup method. is there. If the moisture permeability is less than ^{500 (g / m 2 / 24h} ), there is a possibility that skin irritation due to sweatiness may occur, which is undesirable. Also it can not be maintained ^{2000 (g / m 2 / 24h} ) larger than long wound surface to a suitable moist environment, is not preferred.

The polyurethane resin constituting the polyurethane film of the present invention can be a general urethane resin such as an ether or ester, and is not particularly limited.
The polyurethane film used in the present invention preferably has a thickness of 5 to 25 μm and a constant load elongation rate of preferably 5% or more. If the thickness of the polyurethane film is less than 5 μm, the wound surface cannot be maintained in an appropriate moist environment due to insufficient mechanical strength and increased pinholes, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the thickness is greater than 25 μm, the constant load elongation rate is less than 5%, and the stretchability is impaired, so that it is difficult to protect the wound surface. Moreover, since transparency also falls, observation of a wound surface becomes impossible and it is not preferable.

As the hydrophobic fiber laminated on the polyurethane film, polyester, nylon, acrylic, polypropylene, polyethylene, or the like can be used.
The moisture permeability of the two-layer laminate film made of polyurethane film and hydrophobic fibers prepared in this way is measured by the JIS L1099 calcium chloride method so that a moist environment suitable for promoting wound healing can be maintained for a long time. in is preferably in the range of ^{200~5000 (g / m 2 / 24h} ), more preferably ^{300~3000 (g / m 2 / 24h} ). Moisture permeability can not be maintained for a long time ^{5000 (g / m 2 / 24h} ) larger than a wet environment and reduced effect of promoting healing of wound surface. Moreover, when less than 200 (g / m < ² > / 24h), there exists a possibility that the skin irritation | stimulation by steaming may generate | occur | produce, and it is not preferable.

  Examples of the water-soluble synthetic or semi-synthetic polymer used in the present invention include polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, partially neutralized polyacrylic acid, starch polyacrylate, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, Examples thereof include methyl cellulose, carmellose sodium, carboxyvinyl polymer, N-vinylacetamide copolymer, and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Particularly preferred is a combination of carboxyvinyl polymer, polyacrylic acid, partially neutralized polyacrylic acid and carmellose sodium.

  The amount of the water-soluble synthetic or semi-synthetic polymer in the hydrogel is preferably 3 to 20% by weight, more preferably 5 to 15% by weight. If the blending amount is less than 3% by weight, the gel viscosity is too low to be molded as a patch, and if it exceeds 20% by weight, the water-soluble synthetic or semi-synthetic polymer does not dissolve uniformly in the gel and is good. This is not preferable because no gel is formed.

  The amount of water in the hydrogel is preferably 30 to 80% by weight, more preferably 40 to 75% by weight, based on the gel weight. When the water content exceeds 80% by weight, the exudate absorbability is lowered, which is not preferable. Also, if it is less than 30% by weight, the adhesive strength becomes too strong, which may damage the pain or the regenerated skin when replacing the wound dressing, and promote the healing of the wound surface because the moisture retention on the skin is reduced. It is not preferable because it cannot be maintained in a moist environment suitable for the above.

  Moreover, the glycerin compounding quantity in hydrogel becomes like this. Preferably it is 10 to 40 weight%, More preferably, it is 15 to 30 weight%. If the blended amount of glycerin in the hydrogel is less than 10% by weight, the moisture retention on the skin is lowered, so that it is impossible to maintain a moist environment suitable for promoting healing of the wound surface. In addition, when the amount of glycerin in the hydrogel exceeds 40% by weight, the glycerin that cannot be maintained on the surface of the gel is raised, causing problems such as stickiness at the time of sticking and reduced adhesive strength.

The composition other than the above that constitutes the hydrogel is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and for example, an excipient, a humectant, a stabilizer, a crosslinking agent, and the like can be blended.
As the excipient, for example, kaolin, titanium oxide, silicic anhydride, zinc oxide, bentonite and the like can be used alone or in combination of two or more. However, since it is necessary to make the hydrogel transparent so that the wound surface can be observed when the hydrogel is applied to the wound surface, silicic anhydride is particularly preferable, and its blending amount is 0.1 to 5 wt. % Is preferred.

  As humectants other than glycerin, for example, D-sorbitol liquid, 1,3-butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, DL-pyrrolidone carboxylate sodium liquid, etc. are used alone or in combination of two or more. The blending amount is preferably 10 to 30% by weight.

  The pH of the hydrogel is preferably in the range of pH 3.5 to 6.5 from the viewpoint of skin irritation, and more preferably in the range of pH 4.0 to 5.5. As the pH adjuster, tartaric acid, sodium bisulfite, edetate and the like are used.

For example, a polyhydric metal compound such as dry aluminum hydroxide gel, aluminum glycinate, dihydroxyaluminum aminoacetate, synthetic hydrotalcite, or metal salt of metasilicic acid aluminate may be used alone or in combination of two or more as the crosslinking agent. it can. The blending amount varies depending on the type, but is preferably 0.001 to 1% by weight.
Moreover, antiseptic | preservative, antioxidant, a plasticizer, an emulsifier, surfactant, etc. can be mix | blended as needed.

The hydrogel wound dressing of the present invention is required to have an adhesive strength that can follow the movement of the skin when applied to a wound part, and is required to have an adhesive strength that does not damage the regenerated skin at the time of replacement. Therefore, in the hydrogel wound dressing of the present invention, the ball number of the adhesive force at the time of application (before water absorption) is 8 to 12, and the ball number at the time of replacement (after water absorption for 8 hours) is set to 3 or less. If the ball number at the time of application is 8 to 12, it can have an appropriate adhesive force that can follow the movement of the skin when applied to the wound. On the other hand, if the ball number is less than 8, the initial adhesive force is low, so that when applied to a movable wound part, it is not preferable because it cannot follow the movement of the skin and peels off immediately. On the other hand, if it exceeds 12, when applied to a wound part, the adhesive force is too strong, which may cause skin irritation, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the ball number at the time of replacement is 3 or less, it is an adhesive force that does not damage the pain or regenerated skin, and if it exceeds 3, the adhesive force is too high, It may damage the regenerated skin, which is not preferable.
The value of the ball number means a value obtained when the test is performed by the ball tack test method at an inclination angle of 30 ° according to the ball tack test method of JIS Z0237.

  As the plastic film covering the surface of the hydrogel, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, or a film obtained by subjecting these surfaces to silicone treatment, corona discharge treatment, uneven treatment, plasma treatment or the like can be used.

The manufacturing method of the hydrogel wound dressing of the present invention is not particularly limited and can be manufactured by a known manufacturing method. For example, a hydrogel wound dressing can be formed by spreading a hydrogel composed as described above on a support and coating the surface of the hydrogel with a plastic film.
If necessary, radiation sterilization, electron beam sterilization, ethylene oxide sterilization, and the like, which are conventionally performed, can be performed.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1
After dissolving carboxyvinyl polymer (1.6 g) in an appropriate amount of purified water, D-sorbitol solution (20 g) was added and mixed until uniform. Furthermore, polyacrylic acid (0.3 g), tartaric acid (1.2 g), concentrated glycerin (20.7 g), carmellose sodium (3.5 g), polyacrylic acid partial neutralized product (4 g), silicic anhydride (0 0.1 g), castor oil (1.5 g), dihydroxyaluminum aminoacetate (0.07 g), sodium edetate (0.08 g), and purified water (appropriate amount) were uniformly mixed to prepare a hydrogel. The hydrogel was spread on urethane (20 μm) / nylon elastomer (25 g / m ² ) and the gel surface was covered with a polyester film to form a hydrogel wound dressing.

Example 2
By preparing the hydrogel in the same manner as in Example 1 using the components listed in Table 1, spreading this on urethane (20 μm) / nylon tricot (support), and covering the gel surface with a polyester film A hydrogel wound dressing was molded.

Example 3
After silicic anhydride (0.5 g) was dissolved in an appropriate amount of purified water, urea (1.0 g), sodium edetate (0.08 g), and castor oil (0.5 g) were added and mixed until uniform. Furthermore, 20% polyacrylic acid aqueous solution (15.0 g), tartaric acid (0.3 g), concentrated glycerin (16.0 g), carmellose sodium (4.0 g), partially neutralized polyacrylic acid (5.0 g), A hydrogel was prepared by uniformly mixing magnesium aluminate metasilicate (0.06 g), dry aluminum hydroxide gel (0.02 g) and an appropriate amount of purified water. The hydrogel was spread on urethane (20 μm) / nylon elastomer (25 g / m ² ) and the gel surface was covered with a polyester film to form a hydrogel wound dressing.

Comparative Examples 1 and 2
Using the components listed in Table 1, a hydrogel was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 in the same manner as in Example 1. The hydrogel was spread on each PET nonwoven fabric (support) described in Table 1, and a covering material was prepared. Were subjected to the following comparative test.

比較例３〜５の被覆材として、以下の商品を用いて、以下の比較試験に供した。
比較例３：デュオアクチブ^登録商標（外層：ポリウレタンフィルム、粘着層：親水性コロイドと粒子疎水性ポリマー、剥離紙：シリコーン剥離紙）
比較例４：オプサイト^商標（ポリウレタンフィルムにアクリル系接着剤を塗布したもの）
比較例５：ビューゲル^登録商標（支持体：ポリエチレン、ハイドロゲル吸収体：ポビトン、PVA、フェノキシエタノール、水（８０％））

As coating materials of Comparative Examples 3 to 5, the following products were used and subjected to the following comparative tests.
Comparative example 3: Duoactive ^{registered trademark} (outer layer: polyurethane film, adhesive layer: hydrophilic colloid and particle hydrophobic polymer, release paper: silicone release paper)
Comparative example 4: Opsite ^trademark (polyurethane film coated with acrylic adhesive)
Comparative Example 5: View gel ^{registered trademark} (support: polyethylene, hydrogel absorber: poviton, PVA, phenoxyethanol, water (80%))

Test example 1
Using the wound dressings of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, stretchability, moisture permeability, water absorption, and adhesive strength were measured according to the following test methods. Each measured value was measured three times and the average value was obtained. The results are shown in Table 2.

Elasticity test The elasticity test was carried out in accordance with the elastic fabric of the general textile test method of JIS L1096. The test material was cut into 2 × 6 cm and marked at 4 cm intervals (L ₀ ). A clip was attached to the outside of the line, a constant load of 100 g was applied, the distance between the marks was measured (L ₁ ), and the elongation percentage was calculated by the following formula.
Elongation rate (%) = (L ₀ −L ₁ ) / L ₀ × 100
L ₀ : Length between original marks (4 cm)
L ₁ : Length between marks when a constant load of 100 g is applied (cm)

Moisture permeability test The moisture permeability test was performed according to the cup method of JIS Z0208. About 10 mL of purified water is put into a glass container (inner diameter: 56 mm, depth: 11 mm), the test material is cut into a circle with a diameter of 80 mm (test piece), the plaster surface is turned inside, the glass container opening is covered, and the glass container end The part was sealed with a paraffin-based stretch film, and the weight was measured (W ₀ ). Next, it was left to stand in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 40 ° C.-75% for 24 hours, the weight after cooling was measured precisely (W ₁ ), and the moisture permeability was calculated by the following formula.
Moisture permeability (g / m ² · 24h) = (W ₀ −W ₁ ) × 10000 ÷ A
W ₀ : Weight before test (g)
W ₁ : Weight after test (g)
A: Area of the opening of the glass container (26.4 cm ² )

In a water-absorbing test stainless steel container (inner diameter: 88 mm, depth: 15 mm), about 10 mL of physiological saline is put, the test material is cut into 4 × 4 cm (test piece), and the plaster surface is inside and sealed in the container. Stored for 8 hours. The specimen weight (W ₀ ) before being put in the container was compared with the specimen weight (W ₁ ) taken out after 8 hours.
Absorption amount: W ₁ -W ₀

Adhesive surface of test preparation on a slope of 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal using the test device described in Adhesive Strength Test Drug Manufacturing and Sales Guidelines 2005 (Part IV Application for Manufacturing and Sales Approval of Drugs, Chapter 1 Adhesion Test) Put it facing up. Cover the upper 10 cm and lower 15 cm with appropriate paper, leaving a 5 cm adhesive surface in the center. A series of steel balls having a diameter of 3.2 mm to 34.9 mm was rolled from the upper end of the slope, and the number of balls stopped on the central adhesive surface for 5 seconds or more was measured. This was evaluated by the preparation before water absorption and after water absorption for 8 hours.

Test example 2
The moisture permeability of the supports used in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was measured by the calcium chloride method (A-1 method, 40 ° C.-90% RH) according to the moisture permeability test method of JIS L1099 textiles. The results are shown in Table 3.

Test example 3
The wound dressings of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1, 3, and 4 were pasted on a damp sponge. The sponge was put into a stainless steel container in which 37 ° C. warm water was circulating. Further, a temperature / humidity sensor was sandwiched between the wound dressing and the sponge, and the change in temperature / humidity at the applied site was measured over time up to 24 hours. The result is shown in FIG.
Consideration From FIG. 1, in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 (product moisture permeability: 343 and 377), which are commercially available products, the humidity at the application site becomes almost 100% from about 2 hours after application, and this state lasts for 24 hours. did. Accordingly, when the preparations of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 were applied to the wound surface, the moisture permeability of the preparation was too low, so that exudate from the wound surface was likely to accumulate on the wound surface, and the wound surface was in an excessively wet state. Therefore, when applied for a long time, there is a concern that the applied site may become stuffy or uncomfortable, and the wound dressing needs to be replaced frequently. In Comparative Example 1, the humidity at the application site began to decrease immediately after application, and reached about 60% at 2 hours after application, and this state lasted for 24 hours. From this, when the preparation of Comparative Example 1 using a support having a high moisture permeability (moisture permeability of the support: 8541) is applied to the wound site, the moisture on the wound surface is lost immediately after application, so that appropriate moisture is obtained. The environment cannot be maintained, and when applied for a long time, the hydrogel dries out, causing adhesion between the regenerated skin and the hydrogel, which may damage the regenerated skin during replacement.
In contrast, Examples 1 and 3 of the present invention (moisture permeability of the preparations: 884 and 1367) began to gradually decrease in humidity immediately after application, but maintained about 80% humidity for 24 hours. It has been shown that a moist condition favorable for healing can be maintained for a long time.
That is, when the product of the present invention comprising a support and a hydrogel having a moisture permeability of 200 to 5000 (g / m ² / 24h) is applied to a wound site, the hydrogel absorbs the exudate on the wound surface. This prevents excess water in the exudate from permeating through the support and prevents the exudate from accumulating, so that the wound surface does not become excessively moistened and the moist environment suitable for promoting healing of the wound surface is prolonged. This test result shows that it can be maintained for a long time, and it was shown that a moist environment suitable for promoting healing of the wound surface was maintained.

Test example 4
The wound dressings obtained from Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 3 to 5 which are commercially available products are affixed to the forearms of 5 volunteers for 4 hours, and skin adhesion and pain evaluation at the time of peeling are performed according to the following criteria. It was.

Skin adhesion The skin adhesion was evaluated in three stages: “not peeled”, “half peeled”, and “peeled”. Table 4 shows the results.

Pain at the time of peeling As for the pain at the time of peeling from the skin, a three-step evaluation of “not painful at all”, “not feeling much pain”, and “painful” was performed, and the results are shown in Table 5.

It is a figure which shows the time-dependent local humidity change of each wound dressing.

Claims (3)

A two-layer laminate in which a hydrogel comprising 3 to 20% by weight of a water-soluble synthetic or semi-synthetic polymer, 10 to 40% by weight of glycerin and 30 to 80% by weight of water comprises a polyurethane film and hydrophobic fibers A hydrogel wound dressing applied to a film and having a moisture permeability of 500 to 2000 (g / m ² / 24h) as measured by the JIS Z0208 cup method , wherein the water-soluble synthetic or semi-synthetic polymer is a carboxyvinyl polymer , A combination of two or more selected from polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid partial neutralized product, and carmellose sodium, and has an adhesive force that can follow the movement of the skin when applied to a wound part. Hydrogel wound dressing characterized by having an adhesive force that sometimes does not cause pain or damage to regenerated skin .   The hydrogel wound dressing according to claim 1, wherein the polyurethane film has a thickness of 5 to 25 µm and a constant load elongation rate of 5% or more. The hydrogel wound according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the moisture permeability of the two-layer laminate film comprising a polyurethane film and a hydrophobic fiber is 200 to 5000 (g / m ² / 24h) as measured by the JIS L1099 calcium chloride method. Coating material.

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