JP4948606B2 - 改善された柔軟性をもつ高性能弾道抵抗性複合体及びその製造法 - Google Patents
改善された柔軟性をもつ高性能弾道抵抗性複合体及びその製造法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
さらに本発明により、改善された柔軟性をもつ柔軟な弾道抵抗性複合体材料であって、前記複合体材料は複数の不織繊維層を含み、前記繊維層は少なくとも約35g/dの靱性と少なくとも約1200g/dの引張弾性率をもつ高靱性ポリ(アルファ-オレフィン)繊維の網状構造を含み、前記繊維は水性組成物として前記繊維上に付着させた共役ジエンとビニル芳香族モノマーとのブロックコポリマーを含むマトリックス中にあり、前記複合体は前記複合体の二層構造に関して約100g/m2以下の総面密度及び約2.5ポンド(1.14kg)未満の剛性を、又、前記複合体の四層構造に関して約190g/m2以下の総面密度及び約3.0ポンド(1.36kg)未満の剛性を有し、複数の前記複合体が、組み立てられたときに、以下の弾道基準:
(a) 総重量が1平方フィート当たり0.75ポンド(3.68kg/m2)の場合に、9mmのフルメタルジャケット銃弾の衝撃を受けたときに、
(i) 前記複合体の二層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1600fps(488mps)のV50、及び
(ii) 前記複合体の四層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1700fps(519mps)のV50;
(b) 総重量が1平方フィート当たり0.75ポンド(3.68g/m2)の場合に、44mmのマグナム銃弾の衝撃を受けたときに、
(iii) 前記複合体の二層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1500fps(458mps)のV50、及び
(iv) 前記複合体の四層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1550fps(473mps)のV50;及び
(c) 総重量が1平方フィート当たり1.00ポンド(4.90g/m2)の場合に、MIL-46593A(ORD)の仕様に適合する17グレイン破片擬似発射体の衝撃を受けたときに、
(v) 前記複合体の二層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1825fps(556mps)のV50、及び
(vi) 前記複合体の四層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1875fps(572mps)のV50
の少なくとも一つを満たす、前記弾道抵抗性複合体材料を提供する。
少なくとも約35g/dの靱性と少なくとも約1200g/dの引張弾性率をもつ高靱性ポリ(アルファ-オレフィン)繊維の網状構造を含む第一の不織繊維層を準備すること;
前記第一の繊維層を、共役ジエンとビニル芳香族モノマーとのブロックコポリマーの水性組成物でコーティングすること;
前記高靱性ポリ(アルファ-オレフィン)繊維の網状構造を含む第二の不織繊維層を準備すること;
前記第二の繊維層を、共役ジエンとビニル芳香族モノマーとのブロックコポリマーの水性組成物でコーティングすること;
前記第一の層及び第二の層から水を蒸発させること;及び
前記第一及び第二の繊維層を圧密化(consolidate)して、前記複合体の二層構造に関して約100g/m2以下の全面密度及び約2.5ポンド(1.14kg)未満の剛性を、又、前記複合体の四層構造に関して約190g/m2以下の総面密度及び約3.0ポンド(1.36kg)未満の剛性を有する複合体材料を形成すること
を含む前記方法を提供する。
柔軟な複合体材料は好ましくは、それぞれ二層(two ply)構造または四層構造の片面または両面上に柔軟なフィルムも含む。この複合体材料の隣接層は、隣接する層内の繊維方向が互いに約90°又は他の好ましい配置になるように配列することができる。
本複合体は、エラストマー性樹脂マトリックス中にある高靱性繊維を含む。この複合体は、高靱性ポリ(アルファ-オレフィン)繊維の少なくとも二層から形成される。本発明の目的に関して、繊維とは、その長さ方向の寸法が幅及び厚さの横方向の寸法よりもはるかに大きい細長い物体である。従って、この「繊維」なる用語には、規則的または非規則的な断面をもつモノフィラメント、マルチフィラメント、リボン、ストリップ、ステープル並びに、みじん切り、切断または不連続繊維の他の形状などが包含される。「繊維」なる用語には、上記のものの任意の複数またはその組み合わせが挙げられる。「ヤーン」とは、多くの繊維またはフィラメントから構成される連続ストランドである。
形成方法、延伸倍率及び温度、並びに他の条件に依存して、種々の特性をこれらの繊維に付与することができる。初期引張弾性率及び靱性の最高値は一般に、溶液成長またはゲル紡糸プロセスによってのみ得ることができる。該フィラメントの多くは、これらを形成したポリマーの融点よりも高い融点をもつ。したがって、例えば約150,000、約100万及び約200万の分子量をもつ高分子量ポリエチレンは、通常バルクで138℃の融点をもつ。これらの材料で製造した高延伸ポリエチレンフィラメントは、約7〜約13℃高い融点をもつ。したがって、融点が少し高いということは、バルクポリマーと比較してフィラメントの結晶完全性及び高い結晶配向を示す。
繊維層内の繊維の樹脂マトリックスは好ましくは、スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンのエラストマー性不飽和ブロックコポリマーである。特に有用な水ベースの分散液は、保持有機溶媒約0.5重量%未満を好ましくは含むKraton(登録商標)D1107スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンエラストマーの分散液である。この分散液は好ましくは、樹脂変性剤、界面活性剤及び酸化防止剤としてウッドロジン誘導体を含む。そのような分散液の典型的な総固体含有量は、約30〜約60重量%を変動することが可能であり、より好ましくは約35〜約50重量%、最も好ましくは約40〜約45重量%である。固体含有量は、所望により水を添加して希釈してもよく、また所望により粘度調節剤などを添加して増加させてもよい。販売時の典型的な分散液は、77°F(25℃)で測定して約400cpsの粘度をもち、1〜3μの粒径をもつ。フィラーなどの慣用の添加剤をエラストマー組成物中に配合することができる。
本発明の繊維網状構造内の繊維に付着させる水ベースの組成物の量は、繊維網状構造内の所望のレベルの樹脂含有量を達成するように選択される。使用する組成物の量はもちろん、固体含有量と、固体中のエラストマー材料の割合に依存する。この量は、複合体層内の樹脂マトリックス材料対繊維の割合が従来の市販品で使用されていた量よりも低くなるように選択することが望ましい。好ましくは、樹脂は、固体ベースでそれぞれの複合体層の約7〜約20重量%、より好ましくは約13〜約17重量%、最も好ましくは約15重量%を形成する。
同様に、四層構築物を基本材料とする本発明の複合体は、MIL-STD-662Eに従って試験した場合、9mmフルメタルジャケット銃弾で衝撃を与えたとき、少なくとも約1700fps(519mps)のV50の性能、より好ましくは少なくとも約1725fps(526mps)のV50をもつことを特徴とする。四層ラミネートは、MIL-STD-662Eに従って試験した場合、44マグナム銃弾で衝撃を与えたとき、少なくとも約1550fps(473mps)、好ましくは少なくとも約1575fps(480mps)のV50をもつことを特徴とする。これらの特性は、上記の9mmフルメタルジャケット銃弾と同様に同じシュートパックで決定する。
二層不織複合体は、Honeywell International Inc.製の伸び切り鎖Spectra(登録商標)1000ポリエチレン繊維の層から形成した。繊維は36.6g/dの靱性、1293g/dの引張弾性率及び3.03パーセントの伸びを有していた。ヤーンのデニールは1332(240フィラメント)であった。これらの繊維の一方向に予め含浸させたテープ(ユニテープ)を準備し、マトリックス樹脂をその上にコーティングした。マトリックス樹脂は、Prinilin(登録商標)B7137HV(Pierce&Stevens Corp.製)であり、これはKraton(登録商標)D1107スチレン-イソプレン-スチレン樹脂ブロックコポリマーの水ベースの分散液である。この製品は製造業者より、Kraton(登録商標)D1107 68.7%、樹脂変性剤としてウッドロジン誘導体22.7%、非イオン性界面活性剤3.9%、アニオン性界面活性剤2.1%、酸化防止剤2.3%及び水酸化ナトリウム0.3%を含み、77°F(25℃)で粘度は400cpsであると記載されている。ポリマー中のスチレン量は14重量%であると記載されており、粒径は1〜3μであると記載されている。コーティング後、水を組成物から蒸発させ、繊維網状構造体をロールに巻き取った。一方向性繊維プレプリグの二つの連続ロールをこの方法で製造した。二つのそのようなユニテープを90°でクロスプライし、熱及び圧力下で圧密化して、二個の同一ポリエチレン繊維薄層をもつラミネートを製造した。得られた構造体はエラストマー性樹脂を15重量%含んでいた。そのような二層の圧密化構造体二個を90°で再びクロスプライし、熱及び圧力下で圧密化した。得られた構造体は4層ポリエチレン繊維複合体であった。
実施例3及び4(比較例)
比較のために、市販のポリエチレン繊維を基本材料の複合体サンプルをその特性に関して試験した。結果は以下の表1に示す。実施例3はSpectra Shield(登録商標)Plus LCR(Honeywell International Inc.製)(0.006インチ(0.152mm)の厚さ)であり、これは有機溶媒から塗布したKraton(登録商標)D1107スチレン-イソプレン-スチレン樹脂を含み、樹脂含有量約20重量%のSpectra(登録商標)1000繊維(1100デニール)の二層クロスプライ・ラミネートである。実施例4はDyneema(登録商標)SB31(DSM製)(厚さ0.006インチ(0.152mm))であり、Kraton(登録商標)D1107スチレン-イソプレン-スチレン樹脂を含み、樹脂含有量約16±2重量%の、ポリエチレン繊維の二層クロスプライ・ラミネートである。
二層製品は、比較例の製品と比較して最も高い柔軟性も有する。弾道ベストに快適性をもたらすので、柔軟性がより高いことが非常に望ましい。そのようなベストは、任務中、長時間にわたって軍事要員または警察官が着用することができる。
Claims (3)
- 改善された柔軟性をもつ柔軟な弾道抵抗性複合体材料であって、前記複合体材料は複数の不織繊維層を含み、前記繊維層は少なくとも約35g/dの靱性と少なくとも約1200g/dの引張弾性率をもつ高靱性ポリ(アルファ-オレフィン)繊維の網状構造を含み、前記繊維は、水性組成物として前記繊維上に付着させた共役ジエンとビニル芳香族モノマーとのブロックコポリマーを含むマトリックス中にあり、前記複合体は、前記複合体の二層構造に関して約100g/m2以下の総面密度及び約2.5ポンド(1.14kg)未満の剛性を、又、前記複合体の四層構造に関して約190g/m2以下の総面密度及び約3.0ポンド(1.36kg)未満の剛性を有することを特徴とする、前記弾道抵抗性複合体材料。
- 改善された柔軟性をもつ柔軟な弾道抵抗性複合体材料であって、前記複合体材料は複数の不織繊維層を含み、前記繊維層は少なくとも約35g/dの靱性と少なくとも約1200g/dの引張弾性率をもつ高靱性ポリ(アルファ-オレフィン)繊維の網状構造を含み、前記繊維は、水性組成物として前記繊維上に付着させた共役ジエンとビニル芳香族モノマーとのブロックコポリマーを含むマトリックス中にあり、前記複合体は、前記複合体の二層構造に関して約100g/m2以下の総面密度及び約2.5ポンド(1.14kg)未満の剛性を、又、前記複合体の四層構造に関して約190g/m2以下の総面密度及び約3.0ポンド(1.36kg)未満の剛性を有し、複数の前記複合体は、組み立てられた場合に、以下の弾道基準:
(a) 総重量が1平方フィート当たり0.75ポンド(3.68kg/m2)の場合に、9mmのフルメタルジャケット銃弾の衝撃を受けたときに、
(i) 前記複合体の二層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1600fps(488mps)のV50、及び
(ii) 前記複合体の四層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1700fps(519mps)のV50;
(b) 総重量が1平方フィート当たり0.75ポンド(3.68g/m2)の場合に、44mmのマグナム銃弾の衝撃を受けたときに、
(iii) 前記複合体の二層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1500fps(458mps)のV50、及び
(iv) 前記複合体の四層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1550fps(473mps)のV50;及び
(c) 総重量が1平方フィート当たり1.00ポンド(4.90g/m2)の場合に、MIL-P-46593A(ORD)の仕様に適合する17グレイン破片擬似発射体の衝撃を受けたときに、
(v) 前記複合体の二層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1825fps(556mps)のV50、及び
(vi) 前記複合体の四層構造を含む複数の前記複合体に関しては、少なくとも約1875fps(572mps)のV50
の少なくとも一つを満たすことを特徴とする、前記弾道抵抗性複合体材料。 - 改善された柔軟性をもつ柔軟な弾道抵抗性複合体材料の製造法であって、前記方法は、
少なくとも約35g/dの靱性と少なくとも約1200g/dの引張弾性率をもつ高靱性ポリ(アルファ-オレフィン)繊維の網状構造を含む第一の不織繊維層を準備すること、
前記第一の繊維層を、共役ジエンとビニル芳香族モノマーとのブロックコポリマーの水性組成物でコーティングすること、
前記高靱性ポリ(アルファ-オレフィン)繊維の網状構造を含む第二の不織繊維層を準備すること、
前記第二の繊維層を、共役ジエンとビニル芳香族モノマーとのブロックコポリマーの水性組成物でコーティングすること、
前記第一の層と第二の層から水を蒸発させること、及び
前記第一及び第二の繊維層を圧密化して、前記複合体の二層構造に関して約100g/m2以下の総面密度及び約2.5ポンド(1.14kg)未満の剛性を、又、前記複合体の四層構造に関して約190g/m2以下の総面密度及び約3.0ポンド(1.36kg)未満の剛性を有する複合体を形成すること
を含む前記方法。
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RU2009113471A (ru) | 2010-10-27 |
RU2441889C2 (ru) | 2012-02-10 |
CA2662960A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
WO2008097355A3 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
CA2662960C (en) | 2016-07-05 |
IL197184A0 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
WO2008097355A2 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
EP2061650B1 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
BRPI0716538A2 (pt) | 2013-09-17 |
KR20090064387A (ko) | 2009-06-18 |
US20080064280A1 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
MX2009002354A (es) | 2009-04-15 |
ES2711628T3 (es) | 2019-05-06 |
US7919418B2 (en) | 2011-04-05 |
JP2010503564A (ja) | 2010-02-04 |
IL197184A (en) | 2013-12-31 |
EP2061650A2 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
CN101511580A (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
BRPI0716538B1 (pt) | 2018-11-06 |
KR101273908B1 (ko) | 2013-06-19 |
CN101511580B (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
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