JP4366385B2 - 充電システム - Google Patents
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- JP4366385B2 JP4366385B2 JP2006236912A JP2006236912A JP4366385B2 JP 4366385 B2 JP4366385 B2 JP 4366385B2 JP 2006236912 A JP2006236912 A JP 2006236912A JP 2006236912 A JP2006236912 A JP 2006236912A JP 4366385 B2 JP4366385 B2 JP 4366385B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00045—Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
- B60L2270/34—Preventing theft during charging of parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
- B60L2270/36—Preventing theft during charging of vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
Description
この構成によれば、充電先と認証管理機器との間で認証を行うに際し、認証用の新たな配線を設けずに済み、蓄電池への充電を認証制とする場合に部品点数増加や住宅への工事の必要性などの問題が生じない。
この構成によれば、暗号を用いた信頼性の高い手法で認証が行われるので、不正使用者に充電を許可するような状況が生じ難くなり、無断充電防止に効果が高い。
この構成によれば、蓄電池に充電を行う際の電流流路となる電力線を例えば充電ケーブル等の有線とすれば、充電先への電流供給路を設けるに際して高価なシステムを導入する必要がなく、低コストで電流流路を確保することが可能となる。
以下、本発明を具体化した充電システムの第1実施形態を図1及び図2に従って説明する。
まず、車両1のバッテリ6に充電を行うに際しては、充電ケーブル18の一端を充電用コネクタ15に挿し込み、充電ケーブル18の他端を住宅16の屋外コンセント17に接続する。すると、住宅16の家庭用電源19の電流が屋内電力線20及び充電ケーブル18を介して高電圧電源回路8に流れ込み始める。このとき、充電制御ECU11は、システムメインリレー9が切られてモータシステム3が起動していない時に、高電圧電源回路への電流流入を車両用電力線通信モジュール32から検出するので、これを以てバッテリ6への充電操作が開始されたと認識する。
(1)電気自動車等の車両1を継続使用するにはバッテリ6に定期的に充電を行う必要があるが、例えば盗難者が車両1を盗難した場合、この車両1を乗り続けるべくバッテリ6に充電を行うには、住宅16内のIDボックス22も盗み出す必要がある。しかし、住宅16内に設置してあるIDボックス22を盗み出すことは困難性を要することから、盗難者は車両盗難意欲が殺がれることになり、車両盗難予防性が高くなる。また、充電制御ECU11とIDボックス22とを繋ぐ充電ケーブル18及び屋内電力線20をデータ通信経路として用いるので、このように両者のデータ通信経路を有線とすれば、例えば両者を無線で接続する場合の懸案事項となる電波ノイズ影響等の問題を考えずに済む。よって、充電制御ECU11がIDボックス22と認証を行う際に通信が途中で途絶えるような状況が生じ難く、認証の信頼性も確保することができる。
次に、第2実施形態を図3及び図4に従って説明する。なお、第2実施形態は、第1実施形態に記載のIDボックス22への屋内電力線20の接続形式、又は充電制御ECU11及びIDボックス22間の通信形式を変更したのみの構成であることから、同様の部分は同一符号を付して詳しい説明を省略し、異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
(7)分割方式の充電システムを用いた場合、バッテリ6への充電を行う際に近くに屋外コンセント17が無く充電ケーブル18を家庭用電源19に接続できない状況にあったとしても、充電ケーブル18をIDボックス22のコネクタ41に接続すれば、バッテリ6は家庭用電源19と繋がった状態となる。従って、近くに屋外コンセント17が無い充電作業状況下であっても、バッテリ6に充電を行うことができる。
次に、第3実施形態を図5及び図6に従って説明する。なお、第3実施形態は、第1及び第2実施形態に記載のIDボックス22の構造を変更したのみの構成であることから、同様の部分は同一符号を付して詳しい説明を省略し、異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
(9)IDボックス系機器として車両キー46及び通信ボックス47を用いた場合、例えば盗難者が車両1を盗難した際、盗難者が盗難車両のバッテリ6に充電を行うには、車両キー46及び通信ボックス47の両方を盗み出す必要が生じる。従って、車両キー46及び通信ボックス47の両方を盗み出すのは困難性が高いことから、盗難者の車両盗難意欲を大きく殺ぐことになり、盗難予防性の更なる向上に寄与する。
・ 第1〜第3実施形態において、充電許可判定時に行われる認証は、必ずしもチャレンジ・レスポンス方式に限定されない。例えば、充電制御ECU11とIDボックス22とに各々固有のIDコードを持たせ、このコードが一致するか否かを見るID照合でもよい。また、充電を行う際に指紋等を収集し、これがIDボックス22に登録された指紋データと一致するか否かを見るバイオメトリクス認証でもよい。
・ 第1〜第3実施形態において、充電制御ECU11及びIDボックス22の間のデータ通信に暗号通信を用いてもよい。この場合の暗号としては、例えばDES(Data Encryption Standard)、AES(Advanced Encryption Standard)、RC(Rivest Code)などの秘密鍵暗号や、Diffie−Hellman方式、RSA、ElGamal方式などの公開鍵暗号や、秘密鍵及び公開鍵を組み合わせたハイブリッド暗号が挙げられる。
(1)請求項1〜7のいずれかにおいて、前記認証管理機器は、前記充電先との間で前記認証を行う際に自身1つで当該認証を行うことが可能な機器である。この場合、充電先と認証管理機器との間で認証を行うに際しては、認証管理機器に他部品をセットする等の作業が不要であるので、認証を行うに際しては手間がかからない。
Claims (7)
- 住宅の電源を電力線で充電先の蓄電池に繋ぎ、前記電源で前記充電先の蓄電池を充電可能な充電システムにおいて、
前記充電先との間で認証を行う認証管理機器を前記住宅に設け、前記住宅の内外を伝う電気配線で前記認証管理機器を前記充電先に繋ぎ、
前記充電先は、前記電気配線を使用して前記認証管理機器との間で認証を行い、当該認証が成立したことを条件に、前記住宅から前記電力線を伝って前記電源の電力が前記充電先に流れ込むことを許可して、前記蓄電池への充電を可能とすることを特徴とする充電システム。 - 前記充電先と前記認証管理機器との間の前記認証は、少なくとも一部通信路が前記電力線をデータ通信経路とする電力線通信であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の充電システム。
- 前記充電先と前記認証管理機器との間の前記認証は、暗号を用いた認証であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の充電システム。
- 前記充電先と前記電源とを繋ぐ前記電力線は、当該電力線を前記充電先及び前記電源に直接繋ぐ有線であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のうちいずれか一項に記載の充電システム。
- 前記充電先と前記電源とを繋ぐ前記電力線は、前記電源側に設けた1次コイルと、前記充電先側に設けた2次コイルとを磁気的に接続する磁気配線であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のうちいずれか一項に記載の充電システム。
- 前記認証管理機器は、前記住宅に設けられたコンセントに接続可能であるとともに、前記コンセントから延びる第2電力線を通じて前記電力線に接続され、前記充電先と前記認証管理機器との間の前記認証は、前記電力線及び前記第2電力線を使用して行われることを特徴とする請求項2〜5のうちいずれか一項に記載の充電システム。
- 前記認証管理機器は、前記住宅に設けられたコンセントに接続されるとともに、自身から分岐した送電可能な分岐電力線を経由して前記充電先に接続され、前記充電先と前記認証管理機器との間の前記認証は、前記電力線及び前記分岐電力線を使用して行われることを特徴とする請求項2〜5のうちいずれか一項に記載の充電システム。
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JP2006236912A JP4366385B2 (ja) | 2006-08-31 | 2006-08-31 | 充電システム |
EP07790661.8A EP2058916B1 (en) | 2006-08-31 | 2007-07-11 | Charging system |
KR1020087004526A KR100960682B1 (ko) | 2006-08-31 | 2007-07-11 | 충전 시스템 |
PCT/JP2007/063857 WO2008026390A1 (fr) | 2006-08-31 | 2007-07-11 | Système de chargement |
CNA2007800011767A CN101356705A (zh) | 2006-08-31 | 2007-07-11 | 充电系统 |
US12/090,277 US8525473B2 (en) | 2006-08-31 | 2007-07-11 | Charging system for hybrid and electric vehicles including an authentication management device arranged in the household |
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CN101356705A (zh) | 2009-01-28 |
US8525473B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 |
EP2058916B1 (en) | 2013-09-11 |
EP2058916A1 (en) | 2009-05-13 |
EP2058916A4 (en) | 2011-12-28 |
US20090278492A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
JP2008061432A (ja) | 2008-03-13 |
WO2008026390A1 (fr) | 2008-03-06 |
KR20080034167A (ko) | 2008-04-18 |
KR100960682B1 (ko) | 2010-05-31 |
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