JP3713836B2 - Music performance device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a music performance device that performs music performance in synchronization with an external device such as an automatic performance piano.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, so-called karaoke has become widespread as musical entertainment, and karaoke has been diversified along with the spread. One of the diversification trends is luxury. As an example of luxury, for example, an accompaniment sound is synthesized by a tone generator circuit based on performance data recorded as MIDI data, while a natural instrument is automatically played, The musical sound may be added to the accompaniment sound. An example of such a natural musical instrument is an automatic performance piano. Such an automatic performance piano is provided with solenoids that are electromagnetically turned on / off for each key, and these solenoids are driven on the basis of performance data so that a piano sound is generated when the strings are actually struck. It has become.
[0003]
By the way, the synthesis of the accompaniment sound based on the performance data is performed by generating a musical sound waveform by the tone generator circuit, that is, purely electric, so that it can be immediately performed when the performance data is supplied. .
On the other hand, although an automatic performance piano is partly accompanied by electrical operation, the basis for generating a musical tone is based on a mechanical structure, so the musical sound is actually generated from the time when performance data is supplied. There is a situation that a time difference (about 0.5 seconds) occurs. For this reason, even if performance data is simultaneously supplied to the tone generator circuit and the automatic performance piano, a time difference of about 0.5 seconds occurs between the musical sounds generated by both. If the time difference is so large, it will be difficult for the singer and also difficult for the listener.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides performance data for at least one or more performance parts, and provides performance data that defines musical sounds to be generated in each part in time series. In the music performance device for performing the one or more performance parts, first detection means for detecting whether or not an external device that needs to change the timing at which performance data should be supplied is connected; When the first detection means detects that an external device that needs to change the timing at which performance data should be supplied is connected, an assigning means for assigning a performance part to the external device, and an assignment to the external device Second detection means for detecting in advance the timing for supplying the performance data of the performance part, and the timing detected by the second detection means. The timing was preceded by a time constant, and calculating means for determining for each of the detected timing, and third detecting means for detecting a tempo change instruction for changing the playing tempo, unit of the performance data for the external device The supply amount per time is obtained according to the performance tempo, and when the tempo change command is detected by the third detecting means, the supply amount per unit time of the performance data is designated by the tempo change command. Data supply amount calculation means that changes according to the performance tempo, and performance data of a performance part assigned to the external device is supplied to the external device at the timing obtained by the calculation means , and the data supply amount calculation It is characterized by comprising a supply means for supplying performance data supply amount obtained per unit time by means.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, there is a problem in that a music for which dedicated performance data is not prepared cannot substantially perform synchronous performance between the automatic performance piano and another electronic musical instrument. In addition, the creation of dedicated performance data has a problem that it takes a lot of time because the time lag is taken into consideration and it must be created for each song.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. The object of the present invention is to perform synchronized performance with an external device having a time difference from the time when performance data is supplied to the time of actual pronunciation without using dedicated data. The object is to provide a music performance device that is possible.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention provides performance data for at least one or more performance parts, which defines performance sounds to be generated in each part in time series. In the music performance device for performing the one or more performance parts, first detection means for detecting whether or not an external device that needs to change the timing at which performance data should be supplied is connected; When the first detection means detects that an external device that needs to change the timing at which performance data should be supplied is connected, an assigning means for assigning a performance part to the external device, and an assignment to the external device Second detection means for detecting in advance the timing for supplying the performance data of the performance part, and the timing detected by the second detection means. Calculating means for obtaining a timing preceded by a fixed time for each detected timing and performance data of a performance part assigned to the external device are supplied to the external device at the timing determined by the calculating means. It is characterized by comprising supply means.
[0007]
(Function)
According to the present invention, when there is performance data for at least one or more performance parts, and there is performance data that defines a musical sound to be generated in each part, a performance part to be played by an external device is assigned from the performance data. The timing for supplying the performance data of the performance part is detected in advance before the performance. As for the detected timing, a timing preceded by a predetermined time is calculated, and at the time of performance, performance data of a performance part assigned to the external device is supplied to the external device at the calculated timing. That is, the performance data is supplied earlier by a predetermined time to the external device. As a result, it is possible to perform a synchronized performance with an external device that causes a time difference from when the performance data is supplied to when the performance data is actually generated without using dedicated performance data.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the music performance device according to the present embodiment. In summary, the music performance device 100 shown in FIG. 2 reads out the music data shown in FIG. 2 to synthesize an accompaniment sound, and when the automatic performance piano 200 is connected as an external device, Of these channels, the channel to be assigned to the automatic performance piano 200 is determined, and the event data in that channel is supplied after being advanced by 0.5 seconds, while the other channels are supplied to the tone generator circuit 107 as usual to synthesize the accompaniment sound. To do.
[0009]
Details of each part will be described. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 101 denotes a control unit that controls each unit. Reference numeral 102 denotes a music data receiving unit which receives music data distributed from a server (not shown) via a public telephone line. Reference numeral 103 denotes a recording unit which is composed of a hard disk drive and records received music data and the like.
[0010]
Reference numeral 104 denotes a sequencer that supplies music data in accordance with the progress of the performance. Here, it is assumed that the sequencer 104 of the present embodiment has a capability of decomposing up to 480 times of one beat (quarter note) of a song (hereinafter, this time is referred to as “1 tick”). In this case, if the tempo instruction of the music to be played is 120, one beat of the music is “480 ticks” for the sequencer 104, which is objectively “0.5 seconds”. If the tempo instruction is 100 (meaning 100 beats per minute), one beat of the song is “480 ticks”, but “0.6 seconds”.
[0011]
Reference numeral 105 denotes an external device detection unit that detects whether or not a device for generating musical sounds other than the music performance device 100 is connected, and if it is connected, the connected device further detects performance data. It is determined whether the supply timing needs to be postponed. Reference numeral 106 denotes a velocity conversion table. When an external device is connected and it is necessary to delay the performance data supply timing, the velocity data included in the performance data to be supplied is detected. The detected velocity is appropriately converted into a value that matches the characteristics of the external device.
[0012]
The tone generator circuit 107 has, for example, as many as 16 tone generation channels. In each channel, a tone is generated by a fundamental wave synthesis method, a waveform memory reading method, or the like, and effects such as reverb and chorus are given. Here, the musical sound generated in each channel and the effect to be given are defined by the performance data of the track assigned to the channel. That is, the tone generator circuit 106 can generate 16 parts of musical sounds by assigning one of the performance parts in the music data to one of the sound generation channels. The musical sound generated by the tone generator circuit 107 is generated outside by a sound system SS including an amplifier and a speaker.
[0013]
When this music performance device 100 is considered as a karaoke device, in addition to this, a display circuit and a display for displaying lyrics based on data supplied from the sequencer 104 and color-changing the lyrics as the performance progresses. In addition, a microphone that captures the singer's song and a mixer that mixes the microphone signal and the accompaniment sound should be provided. However, since this embodiment does not relate directly, the description thereof will be omitted. In addition, each unit of the music performance device 100 can actually be configured in a personal computer having a communication function and a sound generation function.
[0014]
Next, music data in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). As shown in FIG. 5A, the music data can be roughly divided into a header and performance data of each track. Among these, the header records various data relating to the music, such as the music title and the performance time of the music. On the other hand, the performance data of each track corresponds to various parts such as a piano track and a guitar track. The performance data of each track is a collection of event data indicating the contents of the event in the part, as shown in FIG. 4B, and duration data indicating the interval between the events is included between the event data. Is placed.
[0015]
Here, the event data includes note-on event data, note-off event data, tempo change meta event data, and the like. Of these, note-on event data is data for instructing sound generation, and is accompanied by data defining the content of the sound to be sounded, such as a key code indicating the pitch and a velocity indicating the strength of the sound. The note-off event data is data for instructing to mute the sound by the note-on event data, and is used as a pair with the note-on event data. Therefore, duration data arranged between note-on event data and note-off event data defines the sound generation period. The tempo change meta event data is data for instructing to change the tempo of the song halfway.
[0016]
Returning again to the description of FIG. The automatic performance piano 200 is connected to the outside of the music performance device 100. As described above, in the automatic performance piano 200, an electromagnetic solenoid is provided in each key of a general piano. When the received performance data is note-on event data, it is indicated by a key code of the data. The key solenoid is driven with the strength indicated by the velocity of the data. As a result, a key is actually pressed and a piano sound is generated by striking the string.
[0017]
Next, the operation of the music performance device according to the present embodiment will be described.
First, the external device detection unit 105 determines whether or not an external device is connected, and further determines whether or not the external device requires a performance data advance supply. For this determination, for example, the external device detection unit 105 sends a predetermined signal under the control of the control unit 101, and if connected, the external device returns an ID indicating its type. Is possible. For example, in the case of FIG. 1, when the external device detection unit 105 sends a signal, the automatic performance piano 200 returns an ID indicating the type. As a result, the external device detection unit 105 recognizes that the automatic performance piano 200 is connected as an external device.
If an external device is not connected, the ID is not returned within a fixed time. Even if the external device is connected, it is returned if it is a general electronic musical instrument. Each state can be recognized with the ID.
[0018]
On the other hand, prior to the performance, the user selects a desired song using an operation unit (not shown). Then, the control unit 101 determines whether or not the music data of the selected music is recorded in the recording unit 103, and if not recorded, instructs the server to distribute the music data. If the music data is distributed or already recorded, the control unit 101 causes the sequencer 104 to supply the music data.
[0019]
When the music data is supplied, the sequencer 104 assigns each track of the music data to each sound generation channel of the tone generator circuit 107. At this time, the sequencer 104 extracts one having the piano attribute from the part name of the channel. That is, various timbres are assigned to each track, and these are assigned to each tone generation channel, as shown in FIG. 3. Among these, the sequencer 104 extracts the ones indicating the piano system among the various timbres. It is. When the piano system timbre is extracted, the sequencer 104 sets the performance data of the channel as data to be supplied to the automatic performance piano 200. Note that if the piano tone is not extracted, the sequencer 104 assigns all the tracks to the tone generation channel of the tone generator circuit 107.
[0020]
Next, the sequencer 104 extracts all event data from the performance data of the channels to be supplied to the automatic performance piano 200, and resets the time system so that all timings are advanced by 0.5 seconds. At this time, if tempo change meta event data for instructing tempo change is extracted, it is also taken into consideration. For example, in the case where the tempo is 120, to advance by 0.5 seconds means to advance the event timing (in this case, the timing to supply event data to the automatic performance piano 200) by “480 ticks” for the sequencer 104. Means. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, when tempo change meta event data instructing to change the tempo from 120 to 100 is extracted at time T, “240 ticks”, that is, 0. To speed up the event data D after 3 seconds by 0.5 seconds means that in the region where the tempo is 100, 0. In an area of “240 ticks” corresponding to 3 seconds and a tempo of 120, 0. This means that “192 ticks” corresponding to 2 seconds are advanced by “432 ticks”.
The time to be advanced is inherently dependent on the external device, and in the present embodiment, the external device is the automatic performance piano 200, and thus is 0.5 seconds.
[0021]
Thus, when the performance data of the channel to be supplied to the external device is reset, the sequencer 104 supplies the performance data of each sound generation channel as follows to actually start the performance. That is, the sequencer 104 supplies performance data other than the channel assigned to the automatic performance piano 200 to the tone generator circuit 107 as usual, while setting the performance data of the channel assigned to the automatic performance piano 200 as an external device. In the corrected time system (that is, 0.5 seconds earlier than the other channels), it is supplied to the automatic performance piano 200 via the velocity conversion table 106.
[0022]
When the velocity conversion table 106 detects note-on event data from the supplied performance data, the velocity conversion table 106 extracts the velocity associated therewith, converts the velocity into a corresponding value, and converts the converted value into the note-on event. The velocity is supplied to the automatic performance piano 200. Here, the reason for converting the velocity will be described. In general, the velocity in the performance data increases the volume of the musical sound that should be generated as the value increases, but this correspondence is assumed to occur purely electrically. However, because of the configuration of an automatic performance piano, the hammer may not strike if the velocity is low. For example, the volume of the piano sound generated by driving the solenoid with a velocity of “100” is large. , The velocity is not 50% of the volume of the piano sound generated by driving the solenoid with the magnitude of “50”. For this reason, the velocity correspondence that is optimal for the automatic performance piano 200 is stored in a table in advance, and if performance data is actually supplied, the velocity is converted in the table, so that the automatic performance piano is converted. It is configured to obtain an optimum velocity for 200.
Therefore, even when an external device is connected, if it is not necessary to convert the velocity, the control unit 101 directly supplies the performance data supplied from the sequencer 104 without using the velocity conversion table 106. Switch between SW1 and SW2.
[0023]
According to the music performance device according to such an embodiment, when an external device is connected, and it is necessary to postpone and supply performance data like an automatic performance piano, performance data supply Before, the channel to be assigned to the automatic performance piano is determined from the performance data, and the time system of the performance data of the track assigned to the channel is reset to advance by 0.5 seconds. When actually performing, performance data corresponding to channels other than the channels assigned to the automatic performance piano is supplied to the tone generator circuit 107 in a normal time system, while performances corresponding to the channels assigned to the automatic performance piano are performed. The performance data is supplied in a time system that is 0.5 seconds earlier than the others. Thereby, a synchronous performance can be performed without a time difference between the automatic performance piano and the sound source circuit.
[0024]
In the present embodiment, an automatic performance piano is assumed as an example of the external device, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the external device in the present invention refers to all devices in which the time difference that occurs from when the performance data is supplied until it is actually generated cannot be ignored due to its mechanical configuration. The postponed time is naturally made to coincide with the above time difference.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to perform a synchronized performance with an external device having a time difference from when performance data is supplied until it is actually generated. At this time, since the performance data is supplied at an early stage by calculating the performance data supply timing, it is possible to perform the synchronized performance without the performance data dedicated to the external device. Of course, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to create dedicated performance data.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a music performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a composition of music data in the music performance device, and FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a composition of performance data of the track.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the correspondence between performance parts and their attributes in music data.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which performance data to be supplied to an external device is postponed.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Music performance apparatus, 101 ... Control part, 104 ... Sequencer, 105 ... External apparatus detection part, 106 ... Velocity conversion table, 107 ... Sound source circuit, 200 ... Automatic performance piano

Claims (1)

In a music performance apparatus for performing performance of one or more performance parts by supplying performance data for each performance part in a time series, which is performance data for each performance part and specifying the musical sound to be generated in each part.
First detection means for detecting whether or not an external device that needs to change the timing for supplying performance data is connected;
Assigning means for assigning a performance part to the external device when the first detection means detects that an external device that needs to change the timing at which performance data should be supplied is connected;
Second detection means for detecting in advance timing for supplying performance data of a performance part assigned to the external device;
Calculating means for obtaining for each detected timing a timing that precedes the timing detected by the second detection means by a predetermined time;
Third detection means for detecting a tempo change command for changing the performance tempo;
A supply amount per unit time of the performance data to the external device is obtained according to a performance tempo, and when the tempo change command is detected by the third detection means, a supply amount of the performance data per unit time is determined. Data supply amount calculating means for changing according to the performance tempo specified by the tempo change instruction;
The performance data of the performance part assigned to the external device is supplied to the external device at the timing obtained by the calculating means , and the performance data of the supply amount obtained by the data supply amount calculating means is supplied per unit time. A music performance device comprising: supply means for supplying to the music.

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