JP3787351B1 - Loading / unloading device - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a loading / unloading apparatus capable of reducing the size of the entire apparatus without being limited by the size of a load to be loaded and unloaded.
A conveyor 7 capable of transporting a load in the front-rear direction on a carriage 2 on which a traveling mechanism 8 is mounted, and a pair of left and right links 5 parallel to the conveyor 7 below the front end portion. The rear end portions are supported in parallel so as to be tiltable in the vertical direction. The work table 4 is positioned at the front end of the carriage 2, and the upper end of the work table 4 is supported by the front end of the conveyor 7, and the lower end of the work table 4 is supported by the front end of each link 5. . Below the conveyor 7 on the carriage 2, the base end portions of the pair of left and right cylinder mechanisms 6 are supported, and the tip portions of the rods 60 of the cylinder mechanisms 6 are connected to the tip portions of the conveyor 7, respectively.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a loading / unloading device used for loading / unloading a load on a container of a vehicle.

  Conventionally, as such a loading / unloading device, a device in which a work table that can be moved up and down in the vertical direction and a conveyor for transporting cargo on a cart that can travel on the floor surface has been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). One end of the conveyor is pivotally supported by the carriage, and the other end is supported by the work table. The conveyor tilts up and down in conjunction with the raising and lowering of the work table.

JP-A-9-104504

  When unloading in the truck container with the loading / unloading apparatus having the above-described configuration, the loading / unloading apparatus is loaded into the truck container, and the work table is first raised to the height of the load at the uppermost position. An operator is on the work table, and the worker takes a load on a conveyor that tilts as the work table rises, and transports the work by the conveyor. When transporting a load at a low position, the work table is lowered to a height at which work can be easily performed.

  However, since the loading / unloading apparatus having the above-described configuration has a structure in which a support column for raising and lowering the work table is installed on the carriage, the entire apparatus is increased in size. Moreover, since the said support | pillar protrudes above a conveyor, there exists a problem that the magnitude | size of the load to convey is restrict | limited.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-mentioned problem, and has a structure in which a driving source for raising and lowering the work table and tilting the conveyor is installed below the conveyor, thereby limiting the size of the load to be loaded and unloaded. An object of the present invention is to provide a loading / unloading apparatus that can achieve downsizing of the entire apparatus.

  In the cargo loading / unloading device according to the present invention, a conveyor capable of conveying a load in the front-rear direction and a pair of left and right links on a vehicle body on which a traveling mechanism is mounted, the front end portion thereof can be tilted in the vertical direction. Are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction with the rear end supported. In addition, a work table for loading and unloading work having a horizontal part on which a person can ride is positioned at the front end of the vehicle body, and the upper end of the work table is placed at the front end of the conveyor. The lower end of the base is supported on the front end of each link. Further, below the conveyor on the vehicle body, the base end portions of the pair of left and right cylinder mechanisms are supported, and the tip portions of the rods of the cylinder mechanisms are respectively connected to the tip portions of the conveyor.

  In the above-described configuration of the present invention, as the “conveyor”, various types such as a roller conveyor and a belt conveyor can be used. The “link” may be rod-shaped or plate-shaped, and the shape is not limited. As the “cylinder mechanism”, various types such as an electric cylinder, an air cylinder, and an oil cylinder can be used.

  When loading and unloading work is performed by the loading / unloading device of the present invention, when the rod is advanced and retracted by driving the cylinder mechanism, the front end of the conveyor is supported by the tip of the rod. The front end portion tilts upward or downward with respect to the horizontal plane as the rod advances and retreats. Furthermore, since the upper end portion of the work table is supported by the front end portion of the conveyor and the lower end portion of the work table is supported by the front end portion of the link, the level of the horizontal portion is maintained in conjunction with the tilting of the conveyor. The work table goes up and down. In this way, the work platform moves up and down according to the height of the load, making it easier to load and unload the load, and because the conveyor tilts as the work table is raised and lowered, loading and unloading of the load on the conveyor is easy. It is.

  Furthermore, since the cylinder mechanism and the link mechanism are installed below the conveyor and there is nothing protruding above the conveyor, the size of the load conveyed by the conveyor is not limited.

  According to the present invention, the work table and the conveyor can be moved up and down in accordance with the height of the load to be loaded or unloaded, so that the operator can easily work, and the work load can be reduced and the work efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, the entire apparatus can be reduced in size, and the loading and unloading operations can be performed smoothly regardless of the size of the load without being limited by the size of the load to be conveyed.

  1 and 2 show the appearance of a loading / unloading apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Unloading work is performed by the loading / unloading apparatus 1 as shown in FIG. 6, for example. In the illustrated example, a plurality of loads 14 stacked inside the load storage unit 13 such as a container are sequentially wholesaled from the upper stage and carried out from the load storage unit 13, but the load storage unit 13 is externally provided. It is also possible to carry a load into the interior of the container and stack the load.

  This cargo loading / unloading device 1 is provided with three free wheels 3 and one drive wheel 81 on the lower surface of the carriage 2, and by driving the drive wheels 81 with a traveling mechanism 8, Move in left and right directions. The travel mechanism 8 includes a drive system and a motor (not shown), and a steering operation handle 80 connected to the drive wheels 81. In this embodiment, the driving wheel 81 is driven in the forward or reverse direction when the steering handle 80 is tilted, and the driving wheel 81 is applied with a braking force when the steering handle 80 is raised. .

  The carriage 2 has a horizontal floor surface portion 20, and an electric cylinder 6, 6, which will be described later, can be installed at the front central portion of the floor surface portion 20 as shown in FIG. 3. It is a space part 21. The floor portion 20 on one side of the space portion 21 is a driver seat 22 having a width that allows an operator M to ride, and the traveling mechanism 8 is provided at the position of the driver seat 22. The operator M operates the operation handle 80 on the driver's seat 22 to drive the carriage 2.

  A conveyor 7 having a length extending from the front end to the rear end of the carriage 2 is installed above the space 21 of the carriage 2. The conveyor 7 has a structure in which a movable frame 7a whose front end side can tilt up and down, a first fixed frame 7b inclined downward and a horizontal second fixed frame 7c are connected. A plurality of rollers 70 are rotatably supported on the movable frame 7a and the first and second fixed frames 7b and 7c, respectively. The rollers 70 on the movable frame 7a and the first fixed frame 7b Each conveyor belt 71, 72 is mounted so that one conveyor belt 71 travels, and so that the second conveyor belt 72 travels on the roller 70 of the second fixed frame 7c.

The movable frame 7a has a rear end supported by the pivot 11 so that the front end can tilt in the vertical direction. Both ends of the pivot 11 are supported by left and right support frames 10 and 10 vertically provided on the floor 20 of the carriage 2 so as to freely rotate.
As shown in FIG. 4, a driving roller 73 is attached to the front end of the movable frame 7a. The driving roller 73 and a driven roller 74 provided at the rear end of the first fixed frame 7b are connected to each other. The above-mentioned first conveyor belt 71 is wound therebetween. In the figure, reference numerals 75 and 76 denote guide rollers for applying tension to the first conveyor belt 71, and the tension of the first conveyor belt 71 is kept constant with respect to the vertical tilt of the movable frame 7a. Therefore, at least one guide roller 76 is attached so as to be movable up and down via a spring mechanism (not shown).

  The driving roller 73 is driven by two motors 77 and 77 attached to the left and right of the front end portion of the movable frame 7a. Here, if one motor is used as a drive source, the motor becomes larger and the motor protrudes above the conveyor 7. Therefore, the two motors are not limited by the size of the load 14 conveyed by the conveyor 7. The drive roller 73 is driven by 77 and 77. The motor 77 rotates in forward and reverse directions, and is adjusted so that the two motors 77 rotate synchronously. When the driving roller 73 rotates in the forward direction, for example, the first conveyor belt 71 travels in the loading direction, and when the driving roller 73 rotates in the reverse direction, for example, the first conveyor belt 71 travels in the unloading direction. To do.

  A driven roller 78 is attached to the front end portion and the rear end portion of the second fixed frame 7 c, and the second conveyor belt 72 is wound between the driven rollers 78 and 78. A power transmission mechanism (not shown) is interposed between the driven roller 78 and the driven roller 74 provided at the rear end of the first fixed frame 7 b, and the rotation of the driven roller 74 is transmitted to the driven roller 78. As a result, the second conveyor belt 72 travels in synchronization with the first conveyor belt 71.

  At the front end of the carriage 2, a work table 4 for loading and unloading work having a horizontal plate 41 of a size that can be put on by an operator is disposed so as to be able to move up and down. A vertical plate 42 is integrally provided at the rear end of the horizontal plate 41, and upper ends of the left and right side frame portions 42 a and 42 a formed integrally on both sides of the vertical plate 42 are pinned to the left and right support plates 43. 44 is rotatably supported. The left and right support plates 43 are attached to the front end of the movable frame 7 a of the conveyor 7.

  A pair of left and right plate-like links 5, 5 parallel to each other are provided below the conveyor 7 so as to be always parallel to the movable frame 7 a of the conveyor 7. The front ends of the links 5 and 5 are connected to the lower ends of the left and right side frame portions 42a and 42a of the vertical plate 42 via pins 50, respectively, and the rear ends are vertically provided on the carriage 2. Further, the second support frame 12 is rotatably supported by pins 51 so that the front end portions of the links 5 and 5 can tilt in the vertical direction with the rear end portion as a fulcrum.

  The pin 51 at the rear end of each link 5, 5 is located below the pivot 11 supporting the movable frame 7a, and the length between the pins 51, 50 of each link 5, 5 is the pivot 11 of the movable frame 7a. And the length between the pin 44 and the pin 44. The pins 50 at the front end portions of the links 5 and 5 are always located directly below the pins 44 connecting the movable frame 7a and the work table 4, so that the links 5 and 5 and the movable frame 7a can be tilted. The horizontal plate 41 of the base 4 is maintained in a horizontal state.

  A pair of left and right electric cylinders 6 and 6 are arranged in the space 21 of the carriage 2 below the conveyor 7. The base end portion of each electric cylinder 6 is supported by a pin 62 so as to swing up and down freely at the tip ends of left and right support arms 61, 61 projecting from the carriage 2. In addition, the tip of the rod 60 of each electric cylinder 6 is connected to a horizontal shaft 63 that is horizontally mounted on the front end of the conveyor 7. Each electric cylinder 6 has a known configuration and will not be described in detail. However, the motor 64 is used as a drive source, and the rotation of the motor 64 is transmitted to a screw shaft (not shown) via a gear mechanism 65. Then, a nut (not shown) meshed with the screw shaft and a rod 60 integral with the nut are moved forward and backward as the screw shaft rotates forward and backward. The forward and backward movement of the rod 60 causes the front end of the conveyor 7 to tilt up and down with the pivot 11 as a fulcrum.

  When each electric cylinder 6 is driven and the rod 60 is extended, as shown in FIG. 4, the front end portion of the conveyor 7 is pushed upward, and the work table 4 rises in conjunction with this. Similarly, when the electric cylinder 6 is reversely driven and the rod 60 is retracted, as shown in FIG. 5, the front end portion of the conveyor 7 is lowered and the work table 4 is lowered in conjunction with this.

  The drive of the electric cylinder 6 is controlled by operating a control panel 9 disposed at the front end of the carriage 2, and the control panel 9 has a switch and a drive for driving the electric cylinder 6 forward and backward. A switch or the like for stopping is provided.

  When the cargo loading / unloading apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration is used to carry out the cargo unloading operation in the load storage unit 13, the operator M operates the operation handle 80 on the driver's seat 22 to introduce the vehicle body into the load storage unit 13. Then, the plurality of loads 14 stacked in the interior of the load storage unit 13 are sequentially wholesaled from the upper stage and carried out from the load storage unit 13.

  The worker M first moves the vehicle body to a position just before the position where the load 14 is loaded, and then moves to the work table 4 and operates the control panel 9 disposed at the front end portion of the carriage 2. Thus, the electric cylinder 6 is driven to raise the work table 4 toward the height position of the uppermost load 14. Then, after positioning the work table 4 at a position where it is easy to load and unload the uppermost load 14, the uppermost load 14 is sequentially unloaded on the conveyor 7 tilted in conjunction with the ascent of the work table 4. . The load 14 is unloaded from the load storage unit 13 by the conveyor 7. When the unloading operation is completed for the uppermost load 14, the electric cylinder 6 is driven by the operation of the control panel 9, and the work table 4 is sequentially moved to the height position of the load 14 from the upper stage to the lowermost stage. Then, the load 14 is carried out.

  When performing the loading operation in the load storage unit 13, the conveyor 7 is reversely driven to load the load 14 into the load storage unit 13 from the outside, and the work table 4 is moved up and down in the load storage unit 13. Stack the load.

  The work table 4 moves up and down in a state where the level of the horizontal portion 41 is maintained in accordance with the height of the load 14, and it is easy to load and unload the load, and the conveyor 7 follows up and down of the work table 4. Therefore, loading and unloading of the load on the conveyor 7 is easy.

It is a side view of the cargo loading / unloading device which is one Example of this invention. It is a top view of the loading / unloading apparatus of FIG. It is a top view which shows the structure below the conveyor of the loading / unloading apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the operation | movement at the time of a work-table raise. It is explanatory drawing which shows the operation | movement at the time of a work-table descending. It is a perspective view which shows the state of the unloading work by a loading / unloading apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Loading / unloading device 2 Cart 4 Work table 5 Link 6 Electric cylinder 7 Conveyor 8 Traveling mechanism 60 Rod

Claims (1)

  A state in which a conveyor capable of transporting loads in the front-rear direction and a pair of left and right links is supported on the vehicle body on which the traveling mechanism is mounted so that the front end can be tilted in the vertical direction. In the front end of the vehicle body, a work table for loading and unloading work having a horizontal part on which a person can ride is positioned at the front end of the vehicle body, and the upper end of the work table is positioned at the front end of the conveyor. The lower end of the work table is supported by the front end of each link, and the base end of a pair of left and right cylinder mechanisms is supported below the conveyor on the vehicle body. A loading / unloading device in which the tip of the rod is connected to the tip of the conveyor.

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