JP2586960B2 - Non-blasting method for construction of rock pit and equipment used for this method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for excavating rock pits.
Non-blasting type rock mass applied to the work to cut free surface in rock
Free grooving method, free blasting rock free grooving method
Non-blasting rock mass applied to the work of drilling a single hole in the rock mass
Single hole drilling method and equipment used in these methods
You .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a drilling pit used for excavating a rock shaft is not used.
The blasting method includes static crushing agents, hydraulic breakers, pis
Ton-driven hydraulic crusher, hydraulic crusher, hydraulic tube, gas
Pressure, hydraulic wedge, impact wedge, etc.
Was used in combination with the construction method used . Conventional old
Free surface grooving machines are used in flat and wide areas such as stone quarries.
It is used, but it is difficult to say that it is flat
When excavating a pit, the position of the groove is restricted, and further
It took a lot of time and was not used.
With the conventional old free face grooving machine, the guide
Did not have the function of tilting the tool . Old free face grooving machine
Drilling a single hole using, and grooving a free surface consisting of continuous holes
In this case, the guide rod is set with the center axis of the guide rod as the rotation axis.
Devices to prevent rotation
Was .

[0003]

Generally, non-blasting methods used for excavating rock shafts include static crushing agents, hydraulic breakers, piston driven hydraulic crushers, hydraulic crushers, and the like.
The method of using hydraulic tubes, gas pressure, hydraulic wedges, impact wedges, etc., alone or in combination, has been used, but in any case, the work cost is relatively high and the work efficiency is poor. Further, there is a problem that there are many cases where it is impossible to use a large-sized machine due to a limitation on a work space. The conventional old free surface grooving machine is used in flat and wide areas such as stone quarries, but to move the old free surface grooving machine and adjust its position, use another transporter. Therefore, when drilling rocks under narrow conditions that are difficult to say flat and constructing a pit that requires high construction accuracy, the old free face grooving machine can It was not used because the groove position was restricted, and more time was required for the installation work, and the work efficiency deteriorated. The conventional old free face grooving machine does not have a function of inclining the guide cell in order to adjust the angle between the guide cell and the slide bar of the old free face grooving machine. When grooving a free surface consisting of a continuous hole, a commercially available old guide rod to be inserted into each of the already cut single holes adjacent to both sides of the single hole to be drilled is not fixed during the drilling, and the guide is not fixed. Since the rod rotates around the center axis of the rod, there is a problem that it cannot be said that the function of judging the direction of the bit is sufficiently fulfilled. The present invention does not require the use of another transporter for position movement after being deployed at the construction site, and is easy to adjust the position and tilt the guide cell, and has a large effect on work. It is intended to provide a device. The present invention determines the direction of the bit, the function of the bit, and the state of the groove from the metal contact sound of the guide rod due to the bit, the vibration of the top pin, and the metal contact sound of the top pin to determine the state of the continuous hole drilling. It is an object of the present invention to provide a free surface grooving device that grasps and easily groves a free surface formed of a continuous hole at an accurate position. The present invention uses a free surface grooving machine, a free surface grooving machine attached function device, and a free surface grooving device composed of a jig, and a suitable non-blasting type rock sole for drilling a single hole on a rock surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide an appropriate non-blasting free rock face grooving method for grooving a free surface by applying a hole drilling method and this non-blasting rock single hole drilling method.

[0004]

The free surface grooving device comprises a free surface grooving machine, a function device attached to the free surface grooving machine, and a jig . Hereinafter, the free face grooving machine, the function device attached to the free face grooving machine, and the jig constituting the free face grooving apparatus will be described. The free face grooving machine has a slide bar 1, support hardware 2,
Support hardware 3 with hydraulic device, guide cell 4, horizontal moving machine 5,
It is composed of a hydraulic jack 61, a hydraulic jack 62, an iron leg 7, an adjusting fastener 8, a horizontal adjuster 9, a jack hammer 19, a lot 20, a bit 21, and a centrizer 22. One end of the slide bar 1 is connected to the support hardware 2, and the other end is connected to the support hardware 3 with a hydraulic device. Support hardware 2
It is possible to adjust the length by expanding and contracting. The length of the supporting hardware 3 with a hydraulic device can be adjusted to extend and contract.
The hydraulic jack 61 and the hydraulic jack 62 are connected to the guide cell 4 and the horizontal moving device 5, respectively. The horizontal moving device 5 is attached to the slide bar 1 and has a function of stably moving the guide cell 4 along the axis of the slide bar 1. The hydraulic jack 61 can adjust and move the position of the guide cell 4 in the axial direction of the guide cell 4 around the reference point by adjusting the hydraulic pressure. The hydraulic jack 62
The inclination between the four axes of the guide cell and the one axis of the slide bar can be adjusted by adjusting the hydraulic pressure. The iron bar 7 can support both ends of the slide bar 1. The adjustment fastener 8 has a function of tightening or loosening the iron leg 7 on the slide bar 1. The horizontal adjuster 9 is provided for moving the slide bar 1 up and down to adjust the horizontality of the slide bar 1. The guide cell 4 has a jack hammer 19, a lot 20, a bit 21 and a sent riser 2.
2 is mounted. One end of the lot 20 is connected to a bit 21 made of a hard rock chip, and the other end of the lot 20 is connected to a jack hammer 19. Centriser 2
Reference numeral 2 is attached in order to keep the lot 20 in its original position against the impact force and the rotation force of the bit 21 during rock drilling. The function device attached to the free surface grooving machine is the guide rail 10 ・
Carrier device 11, guide rail support device 28, guide rail position adjusting device 29, guide rail fixing device 30
It is composed of The guide rail 10 is mounted on a guide rail support device 28. The guide rail support device 28 is provided to stably support the guide rail 10. The guide rail fixing device 30 is provided for fixing the guide rail 10 to the guide rail support device 28. The carrier device 11 includes a band 111, a screw jack 63, wheels 27, and a wheel connecting device 271. The wheel 27 has a function of rotating along the guide rail 10 and moving the carrier device 11. The wheel connecting device 271 holds the wheel 27 stably and connects the wheel 27 to the screw jack 63. The band 111 is provided to connect the screw jack 63 at one end thereof, and to tighten the slide bar 1 to stably fix the slide bar 1. The slide bar 1 is mounted on the screw jack 63.
Fixed at the terminal 111 . Screw jack 63
Is connected to the band 111 and the wheel connecting device 271, and is provided for operating the screw jack 63 to adjust the length of the guide rail 10 and the slide bar 1. Jigs include guide rod 17, top pin 18, nut
181 . At a position slightly below the top of the guide rod 17, a through-hole large enough to allow the top pin 18 to be inserted and mounted in a loose state is provided. Top pin 1
The thickness of 8 is a size that can be loosely inserted into a through-hole penetrated slightly below the top of the guide rod 17 and attached. The nut 181 is fitted into the top pin 18 from both sides of the top pin 18 inserted into the through hole of the guide rod 17,
It consists of a pair of two nuts of a size suitable for fixing the top pin 18. The nuts 181 attached to both ends of the top pin 18 penetrating the through hole have a function of preventing the top pin 18 from dropping out of the through hole.

[0005] Next, a non-blasting type rock single hole drilling method will be described. Using conventional methods, excavate the soil under the shaft until the rock surface 16 appears. With the rock surface 16 exposed, the non-blasting type rock single hole drilling method of the present invention is applied as follows. A large number of single holes for the guide rail support device 28 are formed in the circumference of the shaft wall 14 in the shaft. Each guide rail support device 28 is inserted into this single hole. The guide rail support device 28 is fixed. The guide rail 10 is arranged on a guide rail support device 28. The position of the guide rail 10 is stabilized. The guide rail position adjusting device 29 is adjusted so that the guide rail 10 approaches a normal circular shape. The guide rail 10 and the guide rail support device 28 are sandwiched between guide rail fixing devices 30 to fix the guide rail 10. The slide bar 1 is sandwiched between the bands 111 of the carrier device 11 and the slide bar 1 is fixed. The slide bar 1 can turn on the guide rail 10. Now that the preparation work for the guide rail 10 has been completed, the procedure proceeds to the work of fixing the slide bar 1 and the work of drilling the single hole 13. Pit wall 14 in the shaft
Then, the supporting hardware 2 is applied. The metal fitting 3 with a hydraulic device is applied to a pit wall 14 symmetrical with respect to the center of the space in the shaft. The length of the support metal 2 is increased, and the support metal
Is extended. The slide bar 1 is fixed. If the leveling of the slide bar 1 is insufficient, a space is created between the support hardware 2 or the support hardware 3 with hydraulic device and the pit wall 14, the slide bar 1 is placed in a movable state, and the level adjuster is used. After leveling the slide bar 1 by adjusting the screw 9 and the screw jack 63, the support hardware 2 is extended, the support hardware 3 with a hydraulic device is extended, and the slide bar 1 is fixed by the downhole wall 14. A shallow hole is drilled in the pit wall 14, and the support metal 2 is formed in the shallow hole.
Alternatively, the slide bar 1 can be fixed more stably by applying the support hardware 3 with a hydraulic device. Alternatively, the iron leg 7 is installed on the rock surface 16 in the shaft, and the height of the slide bar 1 is adjusted as described above, and then the adjustment fastener 8 is tightened, and the slide bar 1 is supported by the iron leg 7, Fix the free face grooving machine. By operating the hydraulic jack 61, the position of the guide cell 4 is adjusted in the axial direction of the guide cell 4 so that the bit 21 is suitable for drilling the rock surface 16. By operating the hydraulic jack 62, the bit 21 drills the rock surface 16 vertically,
The inclination angle of the guide cell 4 is adjusted. The guide cell 4 is moved to the drilling position by operating the horizontal moving device 5. A single hole 13 is vertically drilled in a rock plane 16 in a shaft by a jack hammer 19. The guide cell 4 is moved to the next drilling position by operating the horizontal moving device 5. Similarly, the next single hole 13 is vertically drilled in the rock surface 16 in the shaft.

Next, a non-blasting type free surface grooving method for rock will be described. The adjacent 2 drilled in this way
The guide rod 17 is inserted into the single hole 13 of the hole. Guide rod 17
The guide rod 17 is inserted into the single hole 13 so that one end of the both ends having the longer dimension from the through hole to the rod end is on the lower side. At this time, the top pin 18 is inserted into the through hole of the guide rod 17. A pair of nuts 181 are fitted from both sides of the top pin 18 so as to sandwich the guide rod 17, and tightened until the top pin 18 is fixed to the guide rod 17. The length of the top pin 18 is considerably longer than the diameter of the single hole 13. The guide rod 17 is blocked by the top pin 18, stops entering, and stabilizes in a state where a slight blank space is formed between the lower part of the guide rod 17 and the bottom of the opened single hole 13. With the jack hammer 19, the third single hole 13 is formed in the rock occupying an intermediate portion of the two single holes 13 into which the guide rods 17 are inserted.
Are vertically drilled so that the respective centers of the three holes are located on one vertical plane. Bit 21 at the end is orthogonal to lot 20 axis
The radial radius that vibrates in the direction in which the bit 21 is drilled is
It is restricted because it is located in the wall, but jack hammer
-Rotation and impact of 19 are transmitted to bit 21 through lot 20
About a few mm larger than the outer diameter of the bit 21
No. From the hole wall of the two single holes 13 into which the guide rods 17 are inserted
Third single hole 13 at an intermediate position separated by a distance of several mm
Is the rock on the hole wall due to the contact and impact of the drill bit 21
The board is crushed . Further, the hole wall of the third single hole 13 described above.
From the rock to the single hole 13 with two guide rods 17 inserted
The board is crushed, and the free surface 12 consisting of three continuous holes is cut. The guide rod 17 has two holes into which the guide rod 17 is inserted.
Do not touch or impact the bit 21 until the wall is crushed.
However, after the two hole walls are crushed and three continuous holes are formed
Received a certain impact with the direct contact of the bit 21,
It repeats stable constant periodic vibration with large amplitude .
The drilling position of the third single hole 13 is incorrectly
If it comes off, insert the guide rod 17 from the third single hole 13
The rock mass that reached the other two single holes 13 was not crushed,
Contact and impact of the bit 21 on the guide rod 17 inserted in the two holes
Can not give . The rotation of bit 21 is normal,
The drilling position of the third single hole 13 is almost equal to the planned position.
In this case, the bit 21 comes into contact with the guide rod 17,
The top pin 18 is vibrated . Guide rod with bit 21
From the metal contact sound of 17, the direction of bit 21
It is possible to determine whether the function 1 / groove state is normal . Top pin 1
8 extreme vibration or abnormal metal contact sound
It can be seen that the normal has occurred . Bit 21 moves the planned trajectory
If you leave, you can correct the trajectory of bit 21
You . Due to the vibration of the guide rod 17 and the top pin 18, the bit
When Jack notices the departure of the 21 planned orbit, Jackha
Lift bit 21 with hammer 19 and leverage lot 20
To correct the trajectory of bit 21 on rock surface 16
Can be . Find out the cause of abnormal conditions
Can be corrected and inserted.
The hole wall between the two single holes 13 has an appropriate thickness.
Crushed, the free surface 12 consisting of three continuous holes is cut
You . This work cycle is repeated until a predetermined length
The free surface 12 consisting of is grooved .

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS "1" Structure and Basic Function The free surface grooving device is composed of a free surface grooving machine, a function device attached to the free surface grooving machine, and a jig . (B) Free surface grooving machine The description will be made with reference mainly to FIG. 1 and to FIG. 9. Free face grooving machine: 1 set, 1: 1 slide bar, 2: 1 support hardware
Pieces, support hardware with hydraulic device 3: 1 piece, guide cell 4: 1
5: 1 horizontal moving machine, 61: 1 hydraulic jack, 62: 1 hydraulic jack, 7: 4 iron legs, adjustment fastener 8:
2 pieces, horizontal adjuster 9: 1, jack hammer 19: 1
, A lot 20: 1, a bit 21: 1 and a sent riser 22: 1. In this embodiment, one set of free face grooving machines is used. As shown in FIG. 3, one end of the slide bar 1 is connected to the support hardware 2, and the other end is connected to the support hardware 3 with a hydraulic device. The support hardware 2 has a screw function that can adjust the length of the support hardware. The support hardware 3 with a hydraulic device has a function capable of adjusting the length of the support hardware 3. For this reason, the supporting hardware 3 with a hydraulic device is provided with a double hydraulic jack 64. Slide bar 1
One end of the plate is welded to the plate 23 and the other end thereof to the plate 25 to form an integrated structure. Support hardware 2
Has a structure in which one end thereof is welded to the plate 24 to be integrated therewith. The support metal fitting 3 with a hydraulic device has a structure in which one end thereof is welded to a plate 26 with reinforcing ribs to be integrated therewith. The plate 23 is a plate 24,
The plate 25 is connected to the plate 26 with reinforcing ribs by bolts and nuts. Therefore, the support hardware 2 and the support hardware 3 with a hydraulic device are fixed to the slide bar 1. FIG. 9 is an assembly diagram showing a relationship among the slide bar 1, the guide cell 4, the horizontal moving device 5, the hydraulic jack 61, and the hydraulic jack 62. The hydraulic jack 61 is composed of the guide cell 4 and bolts / nuts, and the horizontal moving machine 5 and connecting hardware.
Are linked. The hydraulic jack 62 is connected to the horizontal moving machine 5 by a connection hardware by the guide cell 4 and the bolt / nut. The horizontal moving device 5 is attached to the slide bar 1 via a gear device 51 and a slit device 52 constituting a part of the horizontal moving device 5, and moves the guide cell 4 along the axis of the slide bar 1 stably. Has functions. When a predetermined bolt / nut between the hydraulic jack 61 and the guide cell 4 is loosened, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic jack 61 causes the guide cell 4 to move from +25 cm to −25 cm in the axial direction of the guide cell 4 around the reference point. Up to this point, the position can be adjusted and moved. By adjusting the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic jack 62, the inclination of the guide cell 4 can be adjusted from 75 degrees to 105 degrees between the guide cell 4 axis and the slide bar 1 axis. Moving to the description of FIG. 1 and FIG. In order to stably hold the free face grooving machine, a slide bar support device, which comprises one set of the adjusting fastener 8 and two iron legs 7:
The slide bar 1 is attached slightly inside both ends. Since two iron legs 7 support one end of the slide bar 1, both iron legs 7: 4 support both ends. The slide bar support device includes an adjustment fastener 8 that can tighten or loosen the iron leg 7 on the slide bar 1. Support hardware 3 with hydraulic device on slide bar 1
A horizontal adjuster 9 with a manual jack mechanism is provided at a position nearer to move the slide bar 1 up and down to adjust the level of the slide bar 1. Guide cell 4: 1 piece, jack hammer 19: 1 piece, lot 2
0: 1 bit, 21: 1 bit, 22: 1 sent riser
Are mounted. One end of the lot 20 is provided with a bit 21 having an outer diameter of 4 cm 6 mm and made of a rock drilling carbide tip. The other end of the lot 20 is connected to a jack hammer 19. The centrifuge 22 supports the lot 20 at a position close to the bit 21, and is attached so as to maintain the original position of the lot 20 against the impact force and the rotational force of the bit 21 during rock drilling.

(B) Function device attached to free surface grooving machine As shown in FIG. 2, function device attached to free surface grooving machine:
Guide rail 10: 1 set, carrier device 11: 2 sets,
Guide rail support device 28: 10, guide rail position adjusting device 29: 10, guide rail fixing device 30:
It consists of 10 sets. In this embodiment, one set of the functional device attached to the free surface grooving machine is used. The guide rail support device 28 has an outer diameter of 2 cm 2 mm and a length of 60 c.
m and a supporter that supports it and has an outer diameter of 2 cm 2 mm. The guide rail support device 28
Both the main body and the supporter are made of metal round bars. The guide rail 10 has an outer diameter of 3 m 98 cm with the entire circumference connected.
Inner diameter: composed of 3m 78cm circular H steel wet,
It is mounted on a guide rail support device 28. The guide rail fixing device 30 is a fixing hardware provided for fixing the H steel of the guide rail 10 to the guide rail support device 28. The guide rail position adjusting device 29 is formed of a bolt, and a guide provided with a nut having a size corresponding to a screw cut on the surface of the guide rail position adjusting device 29 from the inside of the guide rail 10 to the outside of the guide rail 10. Attached through the lower part of the rail 10. As shown in FIG. 4, each of the carrier devices 11 is composed of one band 111, one screw jack 63, one set of wheels 27, and one wheel connecting device 271. ing. The wheel 27 has a function of rotating along the guide rail 10 and moving the carrier device 11. The wheel connecting device 271 is a wheel 2
7 is stably held, and the wheel 27 is connected to the screw jack 6.
It is connected to 3. The band 111 is connected to the screw jack 63 at one end thereof and tightens the slide bar 1 to stably fix the slide bar 1.
Provided. The slide bar 1 has a screw jack 6
3 that is fixed on the band 111 on. The screw jack 63 connects the band 111 and the wheel connecting device 271, and is provided for adjusting the length of the guide rail 10 and the slide bar 1 by operating the screw jack 63. Of the two sets of carrier devices 11, the wheels 27 belonging to one of the sets of carrier devices 11 are:
Since the axle has room, it can move in the radial direction of the guide rail 10, but the wheels 27 belonging to the other carrier devices 11
Has no margin in the axle and is restricted from moving.

(C) Jig The jig is composed of a guide rod 17, a top pin 18, and a nut 181.
Be composed . FIG. 5 shows an assembly view in which the top pin 18 and the nut 181 are attached to the guide rod 17. Guide rod 17
Is composed of a metal round bar having an outer diameter of 4 cm 2 mm and a length of 4 m 9 cm. The guide rod 17 has a total of four through-holes having a diameter of 1 cm 4 mm orthogonal to the central axis of the guide rod 17. The dimensions from one end of the guide rod 17 to the central axis of the through hole are 3 cm5 mm, 8 cm, 12 cm5 mm,
17 cm. The top pin 18 has an outer diameter of 1 cm3 mm and a length of 1 suitable for being inserted into the through hole of the guide rod 17.
It consists of a 5 cm metal round bar. The surface of the top pin 18 is threaded. The nut 181 is a nut having a size corresponding to a screw cut on the surface of the top pin 18, and a pair of one top pin 18 and one nut 181: 2 is prepared. In this embodiment, the guide rod 17: 2, the top pin 18: 2, and the nut 181:
Two pairs are used.

[0010] ( 2 ) Construction (a) Of the excavation work for the cylindrical shaft which has a free surface in the cylindrical shaft, a shaft having a diameter of 4 m
Excavation of earth and sand almost flat over 2m underground
Until the rock surface 16 appears, the conventional construction method is applied
Is done . With the rock surface 16 appearing,
Ming's non-blasting rock single hole drilling method is applied . This shaft
Outer diameter: 2 cm, 5 mm, deep over the entire circumference of the inner pit wall 14
Single hole for guide rail support device 28 of 30 cm length:
A total of 10 holes will be evenly spaced between adjacent single holes.
Drill holes as shown . The main body of the guide rail support device 28 is
Insert one hole at a time into each drilled single hole,
It is supported by the supporter of the idrail support device 28 . Guide
The rule support device 28 is fixed . Guide rail 10
It is arranged on the guide rail support device 28 . Guide rail
The position of 10 is stable . Gas whose tip contacts the pit wall 14
Adjust the guide rail position adjusting device 29 to adjust the guide rail.
10 approaches a normal circular shape . Guide rail 10 and gear
The guide rail fixing device 30 is attached to the guide rail fixing device 30.
To fix the guide rail 10 . Slide bar 1
Between the band 111 of the carrier device 11 and slide
Bar 1 is fixed . Slide bar 1 is equipped with both carriers
Since underpinned by the guide rail 10 is through the location 11, key
Turning on the guide rail 10 by the carrier device 11
I can do it . Now, preparation for guide rail 10
Now that we have completed the work, we will fix the slide bar 1
Then, the process proceeds to the drilling operation of the single hole 13 . Diameter: 4m, basement: 2
A shallow hole for the support hardware 2 is formed in the pit wall 14 in the cylindrical shaft of m.
One hole is drilled . Support at one end of slide bar 1
The tip of object 2 is applied to this shallow hole . Slide bar 1
Of the supporting hardware 3 with hydraulic device at the other end of the shaft
A well located symmetrically to this shallow hole when viewed from the center of the cylindrical space
Approach the wall 14 . Turn the screw of the support metal 2 to support the metal
Extend the length of the object 2 and support it with a hydraulic device by applying hydraulic pressure
The hardware 3 is extended . The tip of the support hardware 2 is made into a shallow hole,
The tip of the supporting metal fitting 3 with the device is pressed against the pit wall 14.
Then, the slide bar 1 is fixed . Horizontal of slide bar 1
If the mounting is insufficient, turn the screw of the support hardware 2 to support it.
Reduce the length of hardware 2 and reduce the hydraulic pressure
The length of the object 3 is reduced, and the tip of the support metal 2
Blank space between the tip of the support hardware 3 with hydraulic device and the pit wall 14
And place the slide bar 1 in a movable state,
Adjust flat adjuster 9 and screw jack 63 to adjust
After leveling the id bar 1, a shallow hole for the supporting hardware 2 is formed.
Make a hole, turn the screw to extend the support 2 and pressurize the oil pressure
To extend the support metal fitting 3 with the hydraulic device, and slide the slide bar 1
It is fixed with a pit wall 14 or a shallow hole . Or, replace the iron leg 7 with the rock in the shaft.
Installed on the flat surface 16, as described above,
After flattening, tighten the adjustment fastener 8 and slide bar 1
The free surface grooving machine is fixed by supporting it with the iron legs 7 . Guide cell
4 Loosen the specified bolts and nuts between the hydraulic jack 61 and
Confuse . Move guide cell 4 along the axis of slide bar 1
When the average roughness of the rock surface 16 to be drilled is measured,
Then, the hydraulic jack 61 is operated, and the bit 21
16 so that the position of the guide cell 4 is suitable for drilling
The guide cell 4 is adjusted in the axial direction . Guide cell 4 and hydraulic pressure
Tighten specified bolts and nuts between jacks 61
You . Operate the hydraulic jack 62 to turn the bit 21 on a rock surface.
Angle of the guide cell 4 so that the hole 16 is drilled vertically
To adjust . Operate the horizontal moving device 5 to move the drill to the drilling position.
The id cell 4 is moved . By jack hammer 19,
Iwahira, outer diameter: 4cm6mm, 2m underground, on rock surface 16
A single hole 13 with a depth of 4 m from the surface 16 is drilled vertically
You . Operate the horizontal moving device 5 to move the guide cell 4
The distance between the contacting single holes 13 is 8cm4m between centers
m, on a rock surface 16, outside diameter: 4cm6m
m, 2 m underground, depth from rock surface 16: 4 m,
The single hole 13 is drilled vertically . Axle allowance during drilling
Movement of the guide rail 10 in the radial direction is restricted.
When the carrier device 11 is close to the guide cell 4,
The carrier device 11 with a margin on the shaft
Carrier device as needed to be located at a distant location
Move 11

Next, a non-blasting free rock face grooving method is described.
I will explain . The adjacent 2 drilled in this way
The guide rod 17 is inserted into the single hole 13 of the hole . Guide rod 17
Of the two ends of the
Insert the guide rod 17 into the single hole 13 so that the end is on the lower side.
Enter . At this time, the top pin 18 is
This top pin 18 is inserted into a through hole 12 cm 5 mm from the end.
Until the center line of the rod length and the center axis of the guide rod 17 coincide.
Insert . Corresponds to threaded top pin 18 surface
A pair of nuts 181 to be sandwiched,
Fit from both sides of top pin 18, top pin 18
Tighten until it is fixed to the guide rod 17 . The guide rod 17
It is blocked by the top pin 18, and the lower part of the guide rod 17 is opened.
With a slight gap between the bottom of the single hole 13
Stop the approach and stabilize . Jack hammer 19
The rock surface 16 is rocked with the bit 21 and the guide rod 17 is
Rock surface 16 occupying the middle of the two holes 13 inserted
From a rock surface 16 with a diameter of 4 cm 6 mm and 2 m underground
A third single hole 13 having a depth of 4 m is drilled vertically . Plan
Two independent holes 13 into which the inner rod 17 is inserted, and both guide rods 17
Third single hole 1 for drilling a rock surface 16 occupying the middle part of
The center axes of the three holes consisting of three are located on one vertical plane.
Drill holes as shown . Bit 21 at the tip is a lot of 20 axes
The radial radius that vibrates in the direction perpendicular to
To be located in the hole wall
Rotation and impact of hammer 19 passed through lot 20 and bit 2
About several mm from the outer diameter of the bit 21
Big . Hole wall of two single holes 13 with guide rods 17 inserted
Third single hole at an intermediate position separated by a distance of several mm from
13 is a hole wall formed by contact and impact of the bit 21 to be drilled.
Rock is crushed . Further, the third single hole 13
From the hole wall to the two single holes 13 into which the guide rods 17 were inserted.
Rock is crushed and the free surface 12 consisting of three continuous holes becomes
It is grooved . The guide rod 17 has two holes into which the guide rod 17 is inserted.
Until the wall of the hole is crushed,
However, the walls of the two holes are crushed to form three continuous holes.
After that, it receives direct contact with the bit 21 and a certain impact,
Repetition of stable and constant periodic vibration with slightly large amplitude
You . Accidentally, the drilling position of the third single hole 13 is
When the guide rod 17 is largely separated, the guide rod 17 is inserted through the third single hole 13.
The rock mass that reaches the other two single holes 13
Contact of the bit 21 with the guide rod 17 inserted in the other two holes
And can not give a shock . Rotation of bit 21 is positive
The drilling position of the third single hole 13 is almost equal to the planned position.
If so, the bit 21 contacts the guide rod 17 and the guide rod 17
17 and the top pin 18 are vibrated . By bit 21
The direction of the bit 21
It can be determined whether the function / groove state of the cut 21 is normal . Top
If there is extreme vibration of the pin 18 or abnormal metal contact sound,
It turns out that an abnormality has occurred in the business . Guide rod 17
When the pin 18 stops or decreases its vibration, the bit 2
If you are notified of the departure of the first planned orbit, jackhan
Withdraw bit 21 at mark 19 and turn lot 20 to leverage
To correct the trajectory of bit 21 on rock surface 16
Can be . If an abnormal condition occurs, its cause is identified.
Guide rod 17 was inserted because it could be corrected
The hole wall between the two single holes 13 is broken due to the appropriate thickness.
The free surface 12 composed of three continuous holes is cut .
As a result, the length: 13c consisting of three single holes 13
m, depth 2m below rock surface 16m: 4m, width: maximum
A 4 cm 6 mm free surface 12 is cut . Next, Figure 1
As shown in FIG. 1, one end of a free surface 12 composed of three continuous holes is
The distance from the single hole 13 is 8cm4m
m, outer diameter: 4cm6mm, 2m underground
The fourth single hole 13 having a depth of 4 m from the surface 16 is formed as a free surface.
The center axis of the fourth single hole 13 in the horizontal extension plane of the center plane
Are vertically drilled on the opposite side of the free surface 12 so that
I do . Newly drilled fourth single hole 13 and free surface 12
And a single hole 13 located near the fourth single hole 13
In the middle rock, guide the guide rod 17 as above
Then, the fifth single hole 13 is provided with water at the center of the free surface 12.
Lead so that the central axis of the fifth single hole 13 overlaps the flat extension surface.
Drill the holes directly, and connect the free surface 12 consisting of three continuous holes with the five continuous holes.
It extends to a free surface 12 consisting of a hole . Repeat this process
Depth from rock surface 16 2m underground: 4m, width: maximum
Free surface 12 consisting of a continuous hole of the required length of 4 cm 6 mm
Is grooved . Turn the screw of the support hardware 2 to remove the support hardware 2
Shrink and reduce the hydraulic pressure to shrink the support hardware 3 with hydraulic device
You . Alternatively, the adjusting fastener 8 is loosened and the iron leg 7 is removed . Self
The vertical grooving machine can be moved . Carrier device 11
To move the slide bar 1 to the next predetermined position.
Then, the slide bar 1 is leveled . Hereinafter, the same as above
Is repeated, the free surface 12 consisting of another continuous hole is cut.
Can be grooved .

(B) Excavation of a rectangular shaft having a free surface in a rectangular shaft with a length of one side of 4 m and the other side of 9 m in length.
Regarding the drilling work, the whole area of the shaft was extended to 2m underground.
Excavate earth and sand almost flat until the rock surface 16 appears.
Then, the conventional method is applied . Underground: 2m rock surface 1
6 for the work of grooving the free surface at the bottom of
(B) Example of free surface grooving in a cylindrical shaft
In this way, it can be constructed . However, guide rail 10
Is a linear shape, the number of which is a set of two rows . Real truth
In this example, of the four sides of the rectangular shaft,
Sides requiring the idrail 10 are two sides with a length of 9m
The other two sides are unnecessary . Length: 1 line on each side of 9m
Guide rails 10 are provided . Others are above
(B) Same as the embodiment of the free surface grooving in a cylindrical shaft
Omitted .

(C) According to the present invention, a cylindrical type having an inner diameter of 4 m
Case of constructing a shaft shaft Fig. 6 shows the cutting of the case of constructing a cylindrical shaft shaft with an inner diameter of 4 m.
Show rock pattern. Underground all over the shaft: 2m
Excavate earth and sand almost flat until the rock surface 16 appears.
Then, the conventional method is applied . Next, inside diameter: 4m, ground
Bottom: Free surface grooving of the present invention in this 2 m shaft
Using the device, the above-mentioned (a)
As in the case of the freeway grooving, the rock surface 16
Depth: 4m, Width: 4cm at most 6mm, Pillar column
A cross consisting of continuous holes passing through the center of space and orthogonal to each other
The free surface 12 is cut . Rock surface 16 in this shaft
And has a concentric circle with the cylindrical space in the shaft, diameter: 3m8
Rock on the circumference of 0cm, outer diameter: 4cm6mm, 2m underground
Depth from the plane 16: 4 m 50 cm outer peripheral crushing hole 31
50 cm between the centers of the outer peripheral crushing holes 31 of two adjacent holes.
Holes are made over one round so that the interval is . this
The outer peripheral crushing hole 31 extends downward and outward from the vertical line of the rock surface 16.
A hole is drilled along a straight line having an angle of 1.5 degrees . Vertical
In the rock surface 16 in the mine, between the free surface 12 and the outer crushing hole 31
In the blank area, outside diameter: 4cm6mm, rock level 16 underground 2m
Depth from the inside: about 2 m to about 4 m 50 cm inner crushing hole 32
Drill holes . The inner circumferential crushing hole 32 is used to break the inner circumferential crush of two adjacent holes.
Between the centers of the crushing holes 32 or between the adjacent outer crushing holes 31
Between the centers of the peripheral crushing holes 32 or with the adjacent free surface 12
An interval of about 50 cm is provided between the centers of the inner peripheral crushing holes 32.
The hole is drilled as follows . The inner peripheral crushing hole 32 is
Near the center of the free surface 12 side from the vertical line of the rock surface 16
The hole is drilled along a straight line having an angle of 15 degrees . Inside
The peripheral crushing hole 32 becomes more lead-free as the distance from the free surface 12 increases.
The angle from the straight line is 10 degrees, 5 degrees, gradually approaching the vertical line
Sometimes . The depth of the inner peripheral crushing hole 32 is
It becomes deeper when approaching, and the variation of about 2m to about 4m50cm
May occur . Outer crush hole 31 and inner crush hole 32
For drilling holes, use the free face grooving machine of the present invention or other grooving machines
Is done . When using the free face grooving machine of the present invention,
If necessary, operate the hydraulic jack 62 to move the guide cell 4
Adjust the tilt of the . A commercially available hydraulic crusher is used for
Insert Applying hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic crusher for wedge effect
Thus, the inner peripheral crushing hole 32 is crushed . Hydraulic crusher, inner circumference
In addition to crushing the crushing holes 32,
The nearby bedrock also crushes . Insufficient outer crushing holes 31 and crushing results
A static crushing agent is inserted into one part of the inner crushing hole 32.
Crushed by the action of the inflation pressure . Static crushing agent is outside
In addition to crushing the peripheral crushing hole 31 and the inner peripheral crushing hole 32,
Crush rocks near outer crush hole 31 and inner crush hole 32
You . As a result, the outer crushing hole 31 and the inner crushing hole 32
A crack is formed toward the free surface 12 and expands the free surface 12.
You . At the same time, cracks occur between the outer crushing holes 31 and the shaft
Constitute the contour of . Outer crushing hole 31 with shallow depth or inner breach
For the crushing holes 32, drilling and crushing operations are repeated . this
As a result of the column-type pit work, the entire bedrock
Rocks having a depth of about 4 m from the rock surface 16 are cut . Next
Then, after grooving the cross-shaped free surface 12, the outer peripheral crushing hole 31
Drilling and crushing of the inner peripheral crushing hole 32
Repeat . In this way, the rock surface 16
Depth of rocks: About 4m, rock excavation
I do . Hereinafter, by repeating the same work cycle,
Construct a cylindrical shaft with a predetermined width and depth .

(D) According to the present invention, a cylindrical type having an inner diameter of 8 m
Case of building a shaft shaft Fig. 7 shows the cutting of the case of building a cylindrical shaft shaft with an inner diameter of 8 m.
Show rock pattern . Underground all over the shaft: 2m
Excavate earth and sand almost flat until the rock surface 16 appears.
Then, the conventional method is applied . Next, inside diameter: 8m, ground
Bottom: Free surface grooving of the present invention in this 2 m shaft
Using the device, the above-mentioned (a)
By the same construction method as in the example of drilling of free surface,
2m underground on the circumference of 7m in diameter with concentric circles between
Depth from rock surface 16: 4m, width: maximum 4cm6mm
The free surface 12 having a circular shape is formed . this
The rock surface 16 in the shaft has concentric circles with the cylindrical space in the shaft.
Outer diameter: 4cm6 on a circumference of 7m80cm
mm, depth from rock surface 16 2m below ground: 4m50cm
Of the outer peripheral crush hole 31 of two adjacent holes
Around the circumference so that there is a 50cm gap between the centers
And drill holes . The outer peripheral crushing hole 31 is made of lead on the rock surface 16.
Along a straight line with an angle of 1.5 degrees downward and outward from the straight line
Is drilled . Within the circle of this free surface 12, the free surface
Outer diameter: 4cm6m, 2m underground
Depth from rock surface 16: About 2m to about 4m50cm
The peripheral crush hole 32 is drilled . The inner peripheral crushing holes 32 are adjacent
Free or adjacent between the centers of the two inner crushing holes 32
Between the surface 12 and the center of the inner peripheral crushing hole 32, approximately 50 cm
Holes are drilled so as to be at intervals . The inner crushing hole 32 is
Near the center of the free surface 12, free from the vertical line of the rock surface 16
Along a straight line having an angle of 15 degrees on the side 12
It is . The inner peripheral crushing hole 32 is formed as the distance from the free surface 12 increases.
The angle from this vertical line is 10 degrees, 5 degrees,
May approach a straight line . The depth of the inner peripheral crushing hole 32 is
It becomes deep when approaching the vertical line of about 2m to about 4m50cm
May vary . The free surface 12 has a circular shape
Therefore, when viewed from the center of the shaft space,
A hole is drilled radially toward the free surface 12 . Perimeter breach
The drilling of the crushing hole 31 and the inner peripheral crushing hole 32 includes the free surface of the present invention.
A grooving machine or other grooving machine is used . Free face grooving of the present invention
When using the machine, if necessary, use the hydraulic jack 6
2 is operated to adjust the inclination of the guide cell 4 . Commercial oil
The crusher is inserted into the inner peripheral crushing hole 32 . Oil in hydraulic crusher
Crush the inner crushing hole 32 by wedge effect by applying pressure
I do . Hydraulic crusher is only for crushing inner circumferential crushing hole 32.
Instead, the rock near the inner peripheral crushing hole 32 is also crushed . Perimeter breach
The crushing hole 31 and the inner circumferential crushing hole 32 where the crushing result is insufficient
Inserts a static crushing agent and crushes by the action of inflation pressure
I do . The static crushing agent is used for the outer crushing hole 31 and the inner crushing hole 32.
Not only crushing but also outer crushing hole 31 and inner crushing hole 3
The rock near area 2 also breaks . As a result, the outer peripheral crushing holes 31
Cracks from the inner crush hole 32 toward the free surface 12
The free surface 12 is extended . At the same time, the outer crushing hole 31 phase
Cracks form between each other and form the profile of the shaft . Shallow depth
For the outer crush hole 31 and inner crush hole 32,
Repeat the crushing operation . As a result of this cylindrical shaft work,
Depth from the rock surface 16 at 2m underground: about 4m
Rock is rocked . Next, the circular free surface 12 is grooved.
After that, drilling and crushing of the outer crushing hole 31 and inner crushing hole 3
Repeat the drilling and crushing operations of 2 . In this way,
Depth from the rock plane 16 about 6 m below: A predetermined rock of about 4 m
Drill all over the board . Below, the same work cycle
Repeating the above procedure, a cylindrical shaft with a prescribed size and a prescribed depth
To build .

(E) According to the present invention, a rectangular shaft is constructed.
That case diagram 8, the drilling pattern of the case of construction of the rectangular-type intake shaft
Show . The entire pit is underground: almost flat over 2m
Until the rock surface 16 appears, excavate the earth and sand,
The law applies . Next, in this shaft,
Using a free surface grooving device, the (b) rectangular type vertical shown above
By the same construction method as the embodiment of the free surface grooving in the pit,
Depth from rock level 16 2m underground: 4m, width: 4c max.
m6mm, perpendicular to each other, passing through the center of the rectangular space in the shaft
Then, the cross-shaped free surface 12 formed of a continuous hole is cut .
In the rock surface 16 in this pit, the outer circumference is set in the rectangular space in the pit.
The crushing hole 31 and the inner circumferential crushing hole 32 are drilled . Below, this
The case of building a rectangular shaft is (c) a circle with an inner diameter of 4m.
The explanation is omitted because it is the same as the case of building a pillar shaft.
You . In this way, a rectangular shape having a predetermined width and a predetermined depth
Build a shaft .

[0016]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. According to the present invention, there is no need to use another transporter to move the position after being deployed at the construction site, and the position can be easily adjusted and the guide cell can be easily tilted, so that the working effect is large. Judging the direction of the bit, the function of the bit, and the state of the grooving from the metal contact sound of the guide rod with the bit, the vibration of the top pin, and the metal contact sound of the top pin. It is now possible to easily cut a free surface formed of a continuous hole at a suitable position. The present invention uses a free surface grooving machine, a free surface grooving machine attached function device, and a free surface grooving device composed of a jig, and a suitable non-blasting type rock sole for drilling a single hole on a rock surface. Drilling method, a non-blasting rock free surface grooving method that cuts the free surface by applying this non-blasting rock single hole drilling method has been developed to provide safe, accurate and efficient construction methods. Established.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an entire arrangement of a free surface grooving machine arranged on a rock surface in a shaft, and a side view showing a relationship between a pit wall and a free surface grooving machine.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the entire arrangement of the functional device attached to the free surface grooving machine, and a side view showing the relationship between the pit wall and the functional device attached to the free surface grooving machine.

FIG. 3 is an assembly diagram showing a relationship among a slide bar, a support hardware, and a support hardware with a hydraulic device.

FIG. 4 is an assembled view of the carrier device as viewed from the side.

FIG. 5 is an assembly view in which a top pin and a nut are attached to a guide rod.

FIG. 6 is a rock drilling pattern diagram of an embodiment for constructing a cylindrical shaft with an inner diameter of 4 m. (A) is a plan view. (B) is a sectional view observed from the BB section of (A).

FIG. 7 is a rock drilling pattern diagram of an embodiment for constructing a cylindrical shaft having an inner diameter of 8 m. (A) is a plan view. (B) is a cross-sectional view observed from the CC cross section of (A).

FIG. 8 is a rock drilling pattern diagram of an embodiment for constructing a rectangular shaft. (A) is a plan view. (B) is a sectional view observed from the DD section of (A).

FIG. 9 is an assembly diagram showing a relationship among a slide bar, a guide cell, and a horizontal moving device. (B) is an assembly drawing observed at a position shifted by 90 degrees from the observed position of (A).

10 is a cross-sectional view of the free surface grooving machine observed from the cross section AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a relationship among a free surface including a continuous hole, a single hole, and a guide rod.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Slide bar 2 Support hardware 3 Support hardware with hydraulic device 4 Guide cell 5 Horizontal moving machine 51 Gear device 52 Slit device 61 Hydraulic jack 62 Hydraulic jack 63 Screw jack 64 Dual hydraulic jack 7 Iron leg 8 Adjusting fastener 9 Level adjuster 10 Guide rail 11 Carrier device 111 Band 12 Free surface 13 Single hole (Single hole in rock surface) 14 Tunnel wall 16 Rock surface 17 Guide rod 18 Top pin 181 Nut (Top pin inserted in through hole of guide rod Nut to fix) 19 Jack hammer 20 Lot 21 Bit 22 Centrizer 23 Plate 24 Plate 25 Plate 26 Plate with reinforcing rib 27 Wheel 271 Wheel connecting device 28 Guide rail support device 29 Guide rail position adjusting device 30 Guide rail fixing device Within 1 periphery crushing holes 32 circumferentially crushing hole

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A free surface grooving device comprising a free surface grooving machine, a function device attached to a free surface grooving machine, and a jig.
Is a support fitting (2) at one end and a support fitting with a hydraulic device at the other end.
Slide bar (1) connected to (3) and horizontal moving device
Move along the axis of the slide bar (1) via (5)
Or guide cell via hydraulic jack (61)
(4) Position adjustment / movement in the axial direction, hydraulic jack
(62) and the slide bar (1) shaft and the guide
(4) The angle with the axis can be adjusted.
The guide cell (4) and the guide cell (4)
Bit (21) at one end and jack hammer at the other end
(19), and the impact force and rotational force of the bit (21)
From the lock via the cent riser (22)
(20) and both ends of the slide bar (1) are supported.
Consists of iron legs (7) that can be attached and comes with a free facing machine
The functional device is installed on the guide rail support device (28)
Guide rail (10) and the guide rail (1)
0) and the length of the slide bar (1) can be adjusted.
The screw fixed on a screw jack (63)
Move the ride bar (1) along the guide rail (10).
And a movable carrier device (11).
The jig has a through hole near the lower part of the top
Guide rod (17) and the through hole of the guide rod (17).
A top pin (18) that can be inserted in a loose state and the guide rod
The top pin (18) inserted into the through hole of (17).
Is inserted into the top pin (18) from both sides of the top.
A pin (18) is fixed, and the top pin (18) is
A pair of nuts having a function of preventing the nuts from falling off
(181) Free surface grooving device 2. A support which is connected to one end of a slide bar (1) in a shaft wall (14) or a shallow hole of a shaft wall (14) in a shaft using the free surface grooving device according to claim 1. The metal fitting (2) and the support metal fitting (3) with a hydraulic device connected to the other end of the slide bar (1) are applied, and the support metal fitting (2) and the support metal fitting (3) with a hydraulic device are extended, and While supporting the slide bar (1), a guide cell (4) attached to the slide bar (1) and a jack hammer (19), lot (20), bit (2) mounted on the guide cell (4).
1) ・ Sent riser (22), rock surface (1
Non-blasting type rock single hole drilling method for drilling a single hole (13) in 6) 3. The slide bar (1) is supported by an iron leg (7) fastened by an adjusting fastener (8), using the free face grooving device according to claim 1. Guide cell (4) attached to 1) and jack hammer (19) / lot (20) / bit (21) / centralizer (22) mounted on the guide cell (4)
A method for drilling a single hole (13) in a rock plane (16) in a shaft, without blasting 4. A free surface grooving device according to claim 1, wherein the rock surface (16) in the shaft is formed by the non-blasting type rock single hole drilling method according to claim 2 or 3. At regular intervals, two single holes (13) are drilled vertically,
A top pin (18) which is inserted into a through-hole which is bored near the lower portion of the top of the guide rod (17) and which is loosely mounted on the guide rod (17) is moved from both sides of the top pin (18). The guide rod (17) having a function of preventing the nut from falling out of the through-hole by the pair of nuts (181) fitted into the top pin (18) is used as the two single holes (13).
And the rotation and impact of the jack hammer (19) transmitted to the bit (21) via the lot (20)
The bit (21) is used to vertically drill a third single hole (13) in the rock occupying the middle of the two single holes (13), and the bit (21) is inserted into the guide rod (17). ), Or gives a shock to the top pin (18) or the guide rod (17) to generate vibration and metal contact noise to monitor the trajectory and function of the bit (21). While correcting the trajectory and function of the bit (21) normally, the two single holes (13)
And the third single hole (13) located in the middle part of the single hole (13) and the two single holes (13) are vertically drilled so that the respective concentric axes are located at one vertical plane. A non-blasting rock free surface grooving method for repeatedly grooving a free surface (12) having a predetermined length by repeating a work cycle of drilling a continuous hole composed of the single hole (13).