JP2543735Y2 - Electronic keyboard instrument - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic keyboard instrument having a damper pedal and a sostenuto pedal.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An acoustic piano includes a keyboard having a plurality of keys, a damper pedal, a sostenuto pedal, and a soft pedal. When the key is depressed, the damper normally in contact with the string separates from the string, and the hammer strikes the string thereafter. As a result, the string vibrates and sounds, and the damper maintains a state separated from the string when the key is depressed. Therefore, the string vibrates without being hindered by the damper, and the decay rate of the generated musical sound is reduced, resulting in a musical sound characteristic having a long decay time. If the key is released immediately after the key is pressed, the damper contacts the string again at the same time as the key is released after the hammer strikes the string. Therefore, the vibration of the strings is hindered by the damper, and the decay rate of the generated musical tone increases, resulting in a musical tone characteristic with a short decay time.

When the damper pedal is operated,
All the dampers provided for each string are kept away from the strings. Therefore, if the key is pressed while the damper pedal is operated, even if the key is released immediately after the key is pressed, the state in which the damper is separated from the string is maintained. As with, the tone characteristic has a long decay time.

[0004] When the sostenuto pedal is operated, only the damper which is separated from the string at the time when the sostenuto pedal is operated is maintained in a state separated from the string. Therefore, if the sostenuto pedal is operated immediately after the key is depressed, the damper is separated from the string by the key depression as described above, so that the damper separated from the string is maintained in a state separated from the string even when the key is released. You. Also,
By operating the sostenuto pedal after operating the damper pedal, even if the operation of the damper pedal is stopped, all dampers are kept away from the strings, and therefore, it is possible to generate a musical sound having a characteristic of a long decay time. it can.

[0005] When the soft pedal is operated, the space between the string and the hammer uniformly approaches, and the stroke of the hammer at the time of striking the string is set short. Therefore, the acceleration period of the hammer at the time of string striking is shortened, so that a musical tone of soft sound quality is generated.

An electronic keyboard instrument such as an electronic piano is provided with not only a keyboard having a plurality of keys but also a damper pedal, a sostenuto pedal, and a soft pedal. When the operation is performed, a musical tone having characteristics basically similar to those of the acoustic piano is generated. That is, if the key is continuously depressed, a musical tone having a long decay time is generated, and if a key is released immediately after the key is depressed, a musical tone having a short decay time is generated. Further, when the damper pedal is operated, even if any key is pressed and released immediately after the key is pressed, a musical tone having a characteristic of a long decay time is generated.

Further, when the sostenuto pedal is operated, a tone having a pitch corresponding to a key depressed at the time of operating the sostenuto pedal has a characteristic of a long decay time even after the key is released. In addition, when the soft pedal is operated, a musical tone with soft sound quality is generated.

[0008]

However, in a conventional electronic piano, the sostenuto pedal is operated after operating the damper pedal, and then the operation of the damper pedal is released. When the key is released immediately after the key is pressed, the generated musical tone has a characteristic of a short decay time, and in this respect, the relationship between the pedal operation and the characteristic of the generated musical tone is different from that of an acoustic piano. . That is, in the acoustic piano, if the sostenuto pedal is operated after operating the damper pedal as described above, all the dampers are maintained at a distance from the strings even if the operation of the damper pedal is stopped. Therefore, even if a key is pressed in this state and a key is released immediately after the key is pressed, a musical tone having a characteristic of a long decay time is generated. The characteristic has a short decay time.

The operation of operating the sostenuto pedal while operating the damper pedal, and further stopping the operation of the damper pedal and pressing a key is unique.
Even if such a peculiar operation is not performed, if the key is continuously depressed while operating only the damper pedal, a musical tone having a characteristic having a long decay time can be generated. However, even though it is a peculiar operation, the characteristic of the generated musical tone is different from that of an acoustic piano despite performing the same operation because of the intention to make electronic keyboard instruments the same as acoustic pianos. Was very unsatisfactory.

The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and when an electronic keyboard musical instrument having a sostenuto pedal and a damper pedal is operated in the same manner as an acoustic piano, it is unique. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic keyboard instrument capable of generating a musical sound having the same characteristics even if the operation is performed.

[0011]

According to the present invention, there is provided an electronic keyboard instrument comprising a keyboard having a plurality of keys and a damper pedal and a sostenuto pedal. A plurality of storage means corresponding to each of the keys, and when the operation state of the sostenuto pedal changes from the OFF state to the ON state, if the operation state of the damper pedal is in the ON state, the plurality of storage means is stored. If all of the keys are set and the operation state of the damper pedal is OFF, the key which was ON when the operation state of the sostenuto pedal was changed from OFF to ON in the plurality of storage means. And a first control means for setting only a storage means corresponding to the operation state, and an operation state of the sostenuto pedal changes from an ON state to an OFF state. When the second control means for resetting all of the plurality of storage means and the decay time of the tone being generated corresponding to the key which has already been turned off are set in the storage means corresponding to the key, Both pedals are O
A second decay time longer than a first decay time, which is a decay time in the FF state, and the damper between the first decay time and the second decay time if reset is set. Decay time setting means for setting a decay time according to the operation amount of the pedal.

[0012]

In the above construction, when the operating state of the sostenuto pedal changes from the OFF state to the ON state, if the operating state of the damper pedal is in the ON state,
That is, when the sostenuto pedal is operated after the damper pedal is operated, the plurality of storage means respectively corresponding to the plurality of keys are all set by the first control means.

Further, when the operating state of the sostenuto pedal changes from the OFF state to the ON state, if the operating state of the damper pedal is in the OFF state, that is, the operating state of the damper pedal is simply changed without operating the damper pedal in advance. When only the sostenuto pedal is turned on, only the storage means corresponding to the key that was on when the operation state of the sostenuto pedal changed from the off state to the on state among the plurality of storage means, It is set by the first control means. Therefore, when only the sostenuto pedal is operated, at the time of operating the sostenuto pedal, only the one corresponding to the key which is turned on by pressing the key among the plurality of storage means is set.

Further, when the operating state of the sostenuto pedal changes from the ON state to the OFF state, that is, when the sostenuto pedal is turned off, the plurality of storage means are all reset by the second control means. Therefore, even if the sostenuto pedal is turned on after the damper pedal is turned on, or if only the sostenuto pedal is turned on, if the sostenuto pedal is turned off, a plurality of storages are stored. All means are reset.

[0015] Based on the above result, the decay time setting means determines whether the storage means corresponding to each of the keys has been set or reset.
The decay time of the tone being generated corresponding to the F key is set. That is, if the storage means is set, the decay time is set to a second decay time longer than the first decay time which is the decay time when both of the pedals are in the OFF state. On the other hand, if reset, the first
The decay time according to the operation amount of the damper pedal is set between the decay time and the second decay time.

That is, even if a unique operation of turning on the sostenuto pedal after turning on the damper pedal and then turning off the damper pedal is performed, all of the plurality of storage means respectively corresponding to the plurality of keys are set. Therefore, when the key is turned on and then turned off immediately after the key is turned on, the second decay time is set, which is the decay time when both the sostenuto pedal and the damper pedal are in the OFF state. A tone having a characteristic having a longer decay time than the first decay time is generated. Therefore, even if such a peculiar operation is performed, the decay time of the generated musical tone becomes long as in the case where the peculiar operation is performed on the acoustic piano.

Also, only the sostenuto pedal is turned ON.
When the key is operated, only the key corresponding to the key which has been turned on by pressing a key among the plurality of storage means is set. When this key is turned off, the decay time of the musical tone is set to the first decay time. The second decay time is set to be longer than the time. Therefore, when only the sostenuto pedal is operated, the relationship between the pedal operation and the characteristic of the generated musical tone is also
It will be the same as an acoustic piano. Further, when the sostenuto pedal is turned off, the decay time is set according to the operation amount of the damper pedal. In this regard, the relationship between the pedal operation and the generated musical tone is the same as that of an acoustic piano. .

The setting operation and the resetting operation of the first control means and the second control means with respect to the storage means may be in a reverse relationship to the above. In this case, the decay time setting means has already been set. The decay time of the tone being sounded for the turned-off key is the second decay time if the storage means is reset, and the first decay time according to the operation amount of the damper pedal if the storage means is set. The operation is performed with the decay time between the second decay time.

[0019]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of an electronic piano according to an embodiment of the present invention. A microcomputer 1 includes a keyboard 2, a RAM 3, a ROM 4
Is connected. In addition, the microcomputer 1
The ON state of each of the pedals 5, 6, 7 and the OF from the soft pedal 5, the damper pedal 6, and the sostenuto pedal 7
ON and OFF information indicating the F state is provided, and switch operation information is provided from a switch panel 8 provided with various switches necessary for the electronic piano.

On the other hand, the sound source 9 has a plurality of tone generation channels, and generates tone signals based on instructions necessary for tone generation and the like performed by the microcomputer 1, and the tone signals are transmitted via a D / A converter 10. It is given to the amplifier 11 and the speaker 12
Sound is emitted to the outside.

The registers NEWSOST and OLDSOST shown in FIG. 2 are provided in a partial area of the RAM 3, and the least significant bits of the NEWSOST and OLDSOST include ON and OFF of the sostenuto pedal 7 as described later. OFF information is stored.

Further, in a partial area of the RAM 3,
The key status MAP shown in FIG. 3 and the sost sta shown in FIG.
MAP and tus MAP are provided.
Storage areas 0 to 127 are provided corresponding to 128 keys provided on the keyboard 2 corresponding to DI. Each bit of the key status MAP is set to “1” when the corresponding key is being depressed, and is set to “0” when the corresponding key is being released. status
The sostenuto pedal 7 is ON for each bit of MAP
If the damper pedal is on when
If “1” is set to “it” and the damper pedal is OFF, only the bit corresponding to the key being pressed is “1”.
(That is, the key status MAP is copied as is).

Next, the operation of the present embodiment according to the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a main routine of the present embodiment, which is started by turning on a power switch (not shown) provided in the instrument main body. That is, first, after the initialization process (Step A1) is executed, the switch panel 8 is scanned (Step A2). Further, a process (step A3) corresponding to the operation state of the switch panel is executed based on the result of the scan, and subsequently, a pedal read process (step A3) for reading the operation states of the soft pedal 5, the damper pedal 6, and the sostenuto pedal 7 After performing A4), the processing of steps A2 to A4 is repeated.

The main routine shown in FIG. 5 is interrupted by an interrupt routine I shown in FIG. 6 and an interrupt routine II shown in FIG.
The interrupt cycle of the interrupt routine II is higher than the interrupt cycle of the interrupt routine I, and has a higher priority. Then, in the interrupt routine I,
A sounding / muting process (step B1) and various envelope processes (step B2) are executed, and a keyboard state read process is executed in the interrupt routine II (step C1).

FIG. 8 shows the contents of the various envelope processes (step B2) in detail.
It is determined whether the value of NT is 0, 1, or 2 (step D1). If COUNT = 0, a filter envelope process such as controlling a filter coefficient in the DSP is executed (step D2). If COUNT = 1, an amplifier envelope process described later is executed (step D3), and if COUNT = 2 For example, pitch envelope processing for controlling the fluctuation of pitch data (accumulation width) is executed (step D4).

After one of these processes is selectively executed, COUNT is counted up (step D5), and it is subsequently determined whether or not COUNT has become "3" (step D6). If this determination is NO and COUNT is not "3", the routine returns without performing the process of step D7. If YES and COUNT is "3", the COUNT is set to 0. It is reset (step D7). Therefore, in the flow shown in FIG. 8, the filter envelope processing (step D2), the amplifier envelope processing (step D3), and the pitch envelope processing (step D4)
Is executed once each time the interrupt of the interrupt routine I is executed three times.

FIG. 9 shows the details of the keyboard state read processing (step C1). First, it is determined whether or not the state of the keyboard 2 has changed (step E).
1). If this determination is NO and the state of the keyboard 2 has not changed, the routine returns. On the other hand, if this determination is YES and the state of the keyboard 2 has changed, whether or not this change is due to key depression is determined. Is determined (step E2). If this determination is YES and the key is depressed, the key status MAP shown in FIG.
t is set (step E3), and if NO and the key is released, the bit of the sost status MAP shown in FIG. 4 corresponding to the released key is reset (step E3).
4). Further, a step E following the steps E3 and E4
In step 5, tone information such as a key code, on / off, and velocity is set in a sound source transfer area of the RAM 3. Then, the tone information set in the sound source transfer area of the RAM 3 is transferred to the sound source 9 in the sound emission / silence processing (step B1) of the interrupt routine I, so that the sound emission / silence instruction for the sound source 9 is issued. Done.

On the other hand, in the pedal state read processing (step A4) of the main routine shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the soft pedal state read processing for reading ON / OFF of the soft pedal 5 (step F)
1), a damper pedal state read process for reading not only ON / OFF of the damper pedal 6 but also an operation amount thereof (step F2), and ON / OFF of the sostenuto pedal 7
Is read out (step F3).

In the sostenuto pedal state read processing, as shown in FIG. 11, first, it is determined whether or not the sostenuto pedal 7 is ON (step G1). If this determination is NO and the sostenuto pedal 7 has not been turned ON, NEWSOST is set to "0" (step G3), and the determination is YES and the sostenuto pedal 7 has been turned ON. If so, "1" is set in NEWSOST (step G2).

Next, it is determined whether or not NEWSOST as the current processing result of steps G2 and G3 is equal to OLDSOST as the previous processing result (step G4). If this determination is YES, since there is no change in the operation state of the sostenuto pedal 7 between the previous time and this time, the determination processing of steps G5 to G9 executed according to the operation state of the sostenuto pedal 7 is performed. The processing of Step G10 is executed without any processing.

If the determination in step G4 is NO, since the operating state of the sostenuto pedal 7 has changed between the previous time and this time, it is first determined whether or not NEWSOST is set to "1". (Step G
5). If this determination is YES, which means that the sostenuto pedal 7 has been turned ON this time, it is further determined whether or not the damper pedal 6 is ON at this time (step G6).

The determinations in steps G5 and G6 are both YE
If S, the operation state of the damper pedal 6 is on when the operation state of the sostenuto pedal 7 changes from the OFF state to the ON state. That is, the sostenuto pedal 7 is operated after the damper pedal 6 has been operated. In such a case, all bits of the sost status MAP (FIG. 4) are set (step G8).

If the determination in step G5 is YES and the determination in step G6 is NO, when the operation state of the sostenuto pedal 7 changes from OFF to ON, Damper pedal 6
Is in the OFF state. In other words, this is the case where only the sostenuto pedal 7 is turned ON without the damper pedal 6 being turned ON in advance. In such a case, the key status MAP (FIG. 3) indicates sost sta.
It is copied to tus MAP (FIG. 4) (step G9). Accordingly, when only the sostenuto pedal 7 is simply operated, only the bit corresponding to the key which is in the on state when the operation state of the sostenuto pedal 7 is changed from the off state to the on state in the sost status MAP. Is set.

On the other hand, if the determination in step G5 is NO and the operation state of the sostenuto pedal 7 changes from the ON state to the OFF state, all bits of the sost status MAP are reset (step G7). Therefore, even if the sostenuto pedal 7 is turned on after the damper pedal 6 is turned on or if only the sostenuto pedal 7 is turned on, the sostenuto pedal 7 can be turned off by operating the sostenuto pedal 7 off. status
All bits of MAP are reset. Then, in the final step G10, the set state of NEWSOST is OLDSOD.
Set to ST.

On the other hand, the amplifier envelope processing (step D3) is performed only for the sounding channel in FIG.
This is executed according to the flow shown in FIG. That is, first, based on the key status MAP, it is determined whether or not the key corresponding to the currently sounding tone is still pressed (step H1). If this determination is YES and the key is being depressed, the process of step H3 is performed without performing the determination of the next step H2. In addition, the determination is N
If it is O and the key has already been released, sost sost MA
It is determined whether the bit corresponding to the released key of P is "1" (step H2).

If this determination is YES,
First, in step G8, all bits of the sost status MAP
Is set, secondly, in step G9, the key st
Atus MAP is copied to sost status MAP. The first case is a case where the damper pedal 6 is operated and then the sostenuto pedal 7 is operated, as shown in the time chart of FIG.
The second case is a case where only the sostenuto pedal 7 is simply turned on without operating the damper pedal 6 in advance.

Further, as described above, there is no change in the operation state of the sostenuto pedal 7, and
Is in the ON state, the determination in step G4 is YES, and the determination processing in steps G5 to G9 is not performed. Therefore, in the first case, even if the damper pedal 6 is subsequently turned off, the sostenuto As long as the pedal 7 is kept ON, the sost status MAP
All bits continue to be set. As a result, even if any of the 128 keys is pressed and the key is released immediately after the sostenuto pedal 7 is in the ON state, the determination in step H2 is always YES, and the highest attenuation rate shown in FIG. A low MINRATE is set as a rete (step H3). In FIG. 13, the horizontal axis is the time axis t, the intersection with MAXRATE on this time axis t is the first decay time, and the intersection with MINRATE is the second decay time.
Decay time.

Therefore, step H5 following step H3
Then, the amplifier VAL + rate is set as the amplifier VAL (step H5).
(Step H6), the envelope transition does not become as shown in FIG. 14 (conventional), and the speaker 12 outputs a low attenuation rate MINRATE,
A musical tone is generated with a second decay time longer than the first decay time. For this reason, it is possible to obtain the same envelope transition (ideal) as when the damper is released by performing the same pedal operation in the acoustic piano shown in FIG. It is possible to completely make the relationship with the characteristic of the musical tone that changes with an acoustic piano completely identical to that of an acoustic piano.

When only the sostenuto pedal 6 is turned ON in the second case, since the key status MAP is copied to the sost status MAP in step G9 in advance, the depression of the sost status MAP is performed. The bit corresponding to the key thus pressed becomes "1", and if the sostenuto pedal 7 is turned on while the key is being pressed, the decay rate of the musical tone will be MINRATE even if the key is released. Therefore, when only the sostenuto pedal 6 is operated, the relationship between the pedal operation and the characteristic of the generated musical tone is the same as that of the acoustic piano.

When the sostenuto pedal is turned ON and OFF
In the case of F, soost is determined by the above-described step G7.
Since all bits of status MAP are reset, the result of the determination in step H2 is NO. Therefore, in step H4, the damper RATE
The damper RATE is set according to the operation amount of the damper pedal 6 in a region between the MINRATE with the lowest damping rate and the MAXRATE with the highest damping rate, as shown in FIG. Value. Therefore, when the damper pedal 6 is operated, the damper RATE is set in accordance with the operation amount, and the musical sound is generated by the speaker with the decay time between the first decay time and the second decay time corresponding to the damper RATE. 12, the relationship between the pedal operation and the characteristic of the generated musical tone is the same as that of an acoustic piano.

Further, if the determination in step H1 is YES and the key for the tone currently being sounded is still depressed, MINRATE with a low attenuation rate is set during that time (step H3). Therefore, while the key for the currently sounding tone is being depressed, the tone generated has a characteristic having a long decay time, and in this regard, the relationship between the performance operation and the characteristic of the tone generated is the same as that of an acoustic piano. It is.

[0042]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the operating state of the sostenuto pedal changes from the OFF state to the ON state, if the operating state of the damper pedal is in the ON state, all of the plurality of storage means are stored. If the storage means corresponding to the key is set and the storage means corresponding to the key is set, the decay time when both pedals are OFF is set. Is set as the second decay time longer than the first decay time. Therefore, even if the peculiar operation of turning on the damper pedal, turning on the sostenuto pedal, and then turning off the damper pedal is performed,
Thereafter, when the key is turned on and then turned off immediately after the key is turned on, the second decay time is set, so that a musical tone having a long decay time can be generated. Therefore, even if such a peculiar operation is performed, a musical tone having a characteristic of a long decay time can be generated as in the case where the peculiar operation is performed on the acoustic piano. Also,
If the storage means has been reset, the decay time will be a decay time corresponding to the amount of operation of the damper pedal between the first decay time and the second decay time. Therefore, in an electronic keyboard instrument having a sostenuto pedal and a damper pedal, the relationship between the pedal operation and the characteristic of a musical tone that changes in response to the pedal operation is represented by an acoustic piano. Can be completely identified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a register NEWSOST used in the embodiment.
And FIG.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of a key status MAP used in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a sost status MAP used in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a main routine of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine I of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine II of the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the contents of various envelope processes of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the contents of a keyboard state read process of the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing details of a pedal state read process of the embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the contents of a sostenuto pedal state read process of the embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the contents of the amplifier envelope processing of the embodiment.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an attenuation RATE used in the embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a time chart showing the operation of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Microcomputer 2 Keyboard 5 Soft pedal 6 Damper pedal 7 Sostenuto pedal 9 Sound source

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. An electronic keyboard instrument comprising a keyboard having a plurality of keys, a damper pedal, and a sostenuto pedal, a plurality of storage means corresponding to each of a plurality of keys of the keyboard, and an operation state of the sostenuto pedal. From OFF state to O
When the operating state of the damper pedal is in the ON state at the time of changing to the N state, all of the plurality of storage units are set, and when the operating state of the damper pedal is in the OFF state, the plurality of storage units are set. First control means for setting only the storage means corresponding to the key which was in the ON state when the operating state of the sostenuto pedal was changed from the OFF state to the ON state, and the operating state of the sostenuto pedal; From ON to OF
The second control means resets all of the plurality of storage means when the state changes to the F state, and the storage means corresponding to the key sets the decay time of the tone being sounded corresponding to the key which has already been turned off. If it has been set, the second decay time is longer than the first decay time, which is the decay time when both pedals are in the OFF state. And a damping time setting means for setting a damping time corresponding to an operation amount of the damper pedal between the damping pedal and the second damping time.