JP2019500903A - カリマイシン(Carrimycin)生合成遺伝子クラスタ - Google Patents
カリマイシン(Carrimycin)生合成遺伝子クラスタ Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
(1)ポリケチドシンテターゼ遺伝子はorf10〜14であり、全部で5個の遺伝子である。
(2)ポリケチド合成の伸長ユニットおよび修飾に関係する遺伝子はorf1、orf4〜6、15、36〜39であり、全部で9個の遺伝子である。
(3)グリコシル基の合成に関係する遺伝子はorf9、16〜22、24、26、28、29、33〜35、41であり、全部で16個の遺伝子である。
(4)グリコシル基の転移に関係する遺伝子はorf7、8、30〜32、40であり、全部で6個の遺伝子である。
(5)抵抗性に関係する遺伝子はorf3および25であり、全部で2個の遺伝子である。
(6)生合成の調節に関係する遺伝子はorf2、23、27、42であり、全部で4個の遺伝子である。
(7)外部から導入するのは、遺伝子工学菌のマーカー遺伝子orf43(チオストレプトン−thiostrepton、tsr抵抗性遺伝子)と、これと連鎖するミカロース4’’−O−イソバレリルトランスフェラーゼ遺伝子orf44とであり、全部で2個の遺伝子である。
表1.1 ポリケチドシンテターゼ遺伝子IA−W14の各ドメインおよびそのアミノ酸の位置
R2YE培地の処方(g/100ml)
スクロース 10.3 グルコース 1.0
酵母抽出液 0.4 トリプトン 0.2
ペプトン 0.4 カゼイン加水分解液 0.1
K2SO4 0.025 CaCl2 0.216
KH2PO4 0.005 MgCl2・6H2O 1.012
NaOH(1M) 0.5ml Tris−HCl(0.25mol/L pH7.2) 10ml
微量元素溶液0.2mlを添加し、蒸留水で100mlに定容する(pH6.5)。
微量元素溶液(g/100ml)
ZnCl2 0.004 FeCl3・6H2O 0.02
CuCl2・2H2O 0.001 MnCl2・4H2O 0.001
Na2B4O7・10H2O 0.001 (NH4)6Mo7O2・4H2O 0.001
15ポンドで121℃、20min滅菌する。
遺伝子クラスタの両端IA−W1およびIA−W42と、IA−W4、17、21、23および27などの遺伝子を選択して破壊し、変異株を得る。さらにこれらの破壊株により、カリマイシン産生能力が変化する、またはカリマイシンを産生しなくなることを実験により証明する。これにより、得られた遺伝子クラスタ情報は、カリマイシン産生に必須であることを示す。上記コード遺伝子およびその上流、下流のシークエンスに基づいてプライマーを設計し、適した制限酵素切断部位に挿入する。プライマー配列を表2に示す。
3.1 プロトプラストの調製:新鮮なカリマイシン産生菌の斜面培地の胞子を浸透フラスコのR2YE液体培地に接種し、28℃、220rpmで48h振とう培養する。培養液を10%の量で、0.5%グリシンを追加した新鮮なR2YE液体培地に継代培養し、28℃で20h振とう培養する。10mlの菌液を遠心管に取り、3000rpmで遠心分離して菌糸体を採取し、沈殿をP−bufferで2回洗浄する。
P−buffer
Tris−HCl(pH8.0)1mol/L 3.1ml CaCl2・2H2O 3.68
MgCl2・6H2O 2.04 スクロース 103
グルコース 1.0 微量元素溶液 2.0ml
pH7.6 15ポンドで121℃、30min滅菌する。
洗浄後、リゾチームを添加したP−buffer溶液(終濃度は2mg/ml)を適量用いて懸濁し、均一に混合する。37℃の水浴で30〜45min保温し、10〜15minごとに1回振とうする。10×40の位相差顕微鏡でプロトプラストの形成状況を観察し、顕微鏡検査で大部分の菌糸がすでにプロトプラストを形成していることを示すとき、酵素分解を停止する。脱脂綿でろ過し、ろ液をP−bufferで2回遠心分離、洗浄する。最後に、1mlのP−bufferでプロトプラストを懸濁し、EPチューブに100μl/チューブで分注し、−70℃で保存する。
形質転換体を、Tsrを50μg/mlで添加した培地で選択する
大豆粉末 20 グルコース 10
デンプン 30 CaCO3 5.0
NaCl 4.0 agar 18
脱イオン水で調製する(自然pH値)。15ポンドで121℃、30min滅菌する。
28℃で5〜7日培養し、薬品を添加していない培地で4〜5代継代し、単胞子を分離する。アプラマイシン(Am 50μg/ml)を添加した培地で単胞子のスクリーニングをそれぞれ対応して行い、Amで成長し、Tsrで成長しない遺伝子破壊株をスクリーニングする。抵抗性マーカーの発現が安定した破壊株を選択し、ゲノムDNAを抽出し、実施例2の相応するプライマーを採用してPCR増幅させる。産物の大きさおよびDNAシークエンシングに基づいて、遺伝子破壊の正確性を判断する。
4.1 発酵
菌を斜面培地(g/L)で培養する
大豆粉末 20.0 グルコース 10.0
デンプン 30.0 CaCO3 5.0
NaCl 4.0 寒天18.0
脱イオン水で調製する(自然pH値)。15ポンドで121℃、30min滅菌する。
28℃で10〜12d培養し、菌の成長後、30mlの発酵培地を分注した100mLの三角フラスコに菌を接種し、28℃で96〜120h振とう培養する。
発酵培地(g/L)
グルコース 5.0 塩化ナトリウム 10
デンプン 60 硫酸マグネシウム 1.0
炭酸カルシウム 5.0 硝酸アンモニウム 6.0
リン酸二水素カリウム 0.5 イーストパウダー 5.0
魚粉 20.0 自然pH値
脱イオン水で調製し、15ポンドで121℃、30min滅菌する。
発酵液を遠心分離し、上清液を採取して希釈した後、枯草菌を検定菌とし、《中華人民共和国薬典》2005年版(二部)のアセチルスピラマイシン微生物検定法を参考にする。カップ法を採用し、標準曲線法で測定する。
発酵液を室温、3000rpmで15min遠心分離し、上清液を1M NaOHでpH8.5に調整した後、1/2体積の酢酸エチルで抽出する。酢酸エチル相を採取してプレートで乾燥させ、乾燥後、クロマトグラフグレードのメタノールに溶解し、ろ過後、10〜20μlをサンプリングする。クロマトグラフ:SIMADZU LC−10ATvp液体クロマトグラフ、フォトダイオードアレイ検出器、クロマトグラフカラム:Kromasil C18(4.5mm×150mm、5μm)、移動相:CH3OH/1%NaH2PO4(55:45)、検出波長:231nm、流速:1ml/min、カラム温度:25℃。カリマイシン標準品を対照(中国薬品生物製品検定所から購入)とし、変異株の発酵産生物を同定する。
Claims (10)
- カリマイシン生合成遺伝子クラスタであって、前記生合成遺伝子クラスタは全部で44個の遺伝子を有し、具体的に
1)ポリケチドシンテターゼ遺伝子はorf10〜14であり、全部で5個の遺伝子である;
2)ポリケチド合成の伸長ユニットおよび修飾に関係する遺伝子はorf1、orf4〜6、15、36〜39であり、全部で9個の遺伝子である;
3)グリコシル基の合成に関係する遺伝子はorf9、16〜22、24、26、28、29、33〜35、41であり、全部で16個の遺伝子である;
4)グリコシル基の転移に関係する遺伝子はorf7、8、30〜32、40であり、全部で6個の遺伝子である;
5)抵抗性に関係する遺伝子はorf3および25であり、全部で2個の遺伝子である;
6)生合成の調節に関係する遺伝子はorf2、23、27、42であり、全部で4個の遺伝子である;
7)外部から導入するのは、遺伝子工学菌のマーカー遺伝子orf43と、これと連鎖するミカロース4’’O−ヒドロキシイソバレリルトランスフェラーゼ遺伝子orf44とであり、全部で2個の遺伝子であることを特徴とする、カリマイシン生合成遺伝子クラスタ。 - 前記5個のポリケチドシンテターゼ遺伝子はポリケチド生合成酵素をコードし、前記ポリケチド生合成酵素はカリマイシンの16員環ラクトン環の合成を触媒し、前記5個のポリケチドシンテターゼ遺伝子orf10〜14のヌクレオチド配列または相補配列に対応するアミノ酸配列が、IA−W10、IA−W11、IA−W12、IA−W13およびIA−W14であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の生合成遺伝子クラスタ。
- 5つのポリケチドシンテターゼが、ケトシンテターゼ(KS)、アシルトランスフェラーゼ(AT)、ケトレダクターゼ(KR)、デヒドラターゼ(DH)、エノイルレダクターゼ(ER)、アシルキャリアタンパク質(ACP)、チオエステラーゼドメインのヌクレオチド配列または相補配列に対応するアミノ酸配列を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の生合成遺伝子クラスタ。
- 5つのポリケチドシンテターゼが、モジュールまたはドメインを含むことを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の生合成遺伝子クラスタ。
- 前記ポリケチド合成の伸長ユニットおよび修飾に関係する遺伝子orf1、orf4〜6、15、36〜39のヌクレオチド配列または相補配列に対応するアミノ酸配列が、IA−W1、IA−W4、IA−W5、IA−W6、IA−W15、IA−W36、IA−W37、IA−W38およびIA−W39であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の生合成遺伝子クラスタ。
- 前記グリコシル基の合成に関係する遺伝子orf9、16〜22、24、26、28、29、33〜35、41のヌクレオチド配列または相補配列に対応するアミノ酸配列が、IA−W9、IA−W16、IA−W17、IA−W18、IA−W19、IA−W20、IA−W21、IA−W22、IA−W24、IA−W26、IA−W28、IA−W29、IA−W33、IA−W34、IA−W35、IA−W41であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の生合成遺伝子クラスタ。
- 前記グリコシル基の転移に関係する遺伝子orf7、8、30〜32、40のヌクレオチド配列または相補配列に対応するアミノ酸配列が、IA−W7、IA−W8、IA−W30、IA−W31、IA−W32、およびIA−W40であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の生合成遺伝子クラスタ。
- 前記抵抗性に関係する遺伝子orf3および25のヌクレオチド配列または相補配列に対応するアミノ酸配列が、IA−W3およびIA−W25であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の生合成遺伝子クラスタ。
- 前記生合成の調節に関係する遺伝子orf2、23、27、42のヌクレオチド配列または相補配列に対応するアミノ酸配列が、IA−W2、IA−W23、IA−W27、IA−W42であることを特徴とする、請求項1に生合成遺伝子クラスタ。
- 外部から導入する遺伝子工学菌のマーカー遺伝子orf43と、これと連鎖するorf44とのヌクレオチド配列または相補配列に対応するアミノ酸配列が、IA−W43、IA−W44であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の生合成遺伝子クラスタ。
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