JP2018093200A - 太陽電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
太陽電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 407
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 246
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004518 low pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 claims 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 185
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 33
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910015845 BBr3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004012 SiCx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005360 phosphosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005036 potential barrier Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一態様は以下の通りである。
〔1〕 太陽電池の製造方法であって、
2枚の半導体基板の前面を互いに重ねる重ねステップ(重なりステップ)と、
前記2枚の半導体基板が互いに重なった状態で前記半導体基板の後面に同時に半導体層を蒸着させる半導体層の蒸着ステップと、
前記互いに重なった2枚の半導体基板を分離する分離ステップと、
前記エッチング防止膜形成ステップ以後、前記半導体基板の前面をテクスチャリング(texturing)する前面テクスチャリングステップとを含んでなる、太陽電池の製造方法。
〔2〕 前記重ねステップと前記半導体層の蒸着ステップとの間において、前記2枚の半導体基板が互いに重なった状態で前記前面の反対面である後面に同時に保護膜を形成する保護膜形成ステップをさらに含んでなり、
前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、前記半導体層は、前記互いに重なった2枚の半導体基板の後面に形成された前記保護膜上に同時に蒸着させるものである、〔1〕に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔3〕 前記重ねステップにおいて、前記2枚の半導体基板は、前面が互いに接するように一つのスロットに重なった状態で前記保護膜及び前記半導体層を蒸着させる蒸着装置内に進んでなるものであり、
前記半導体層の蒸着ステップは、低圧化学気相蒸着装置(LPCVD)により行われる、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔4〕 前記分離ステップにおいて、前記一つのスロットに重なって配置された前記2枚の半導体基板は、各々それぞれに分離される、〔3〕に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔5〕 前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、真性非晶質シリコン層、真性ポリシリコン層、不純物を含有した晶質シリコン層及び不純物を含有したポリシリコン層からなる群から選択される一又は二以上の層である、〔1〕〜〔4〕の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔6〕 前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層の厚さは、250nm〜450nmの範囲である、〔1〕〜〔5〕の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔7〕 前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、前記半導体基板の後面と共に前記2枚の半導体基板が互いに重なった前面のエッジ領域まで蒸着される、〔1〕〜〔6〕の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔8〕 前記前面テクスチャリングステップにおいて、前記半導体基板の前面は、反応性イオンエッチング法(RIE)又はウェットエッチング法のうち、いずれか一つの方法によりテクスチャリングされ、
前記前面テクスチャリングステップにより、前記半導体基板の前面にエッジ領域に形成された前記半導体層が除去され、
前記前面テクスチャリングステップにおいて、前記半導体基板の前面がエッチングされる深さは、100nm〜5μmの範囲である、〔1〕〜〔7〕の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔9〕 前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、不純物を含有した第1導電型領域又は前記第1導電型領域の不純物と異なる不純物を含有した第2導電型領域として形成されてなる、〔1〕〜〔8〕の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔10〕 前記分離ステップと前記前面テクスチャリングステップとの間において、前記半導体基板の後面領域に位置する前記半導体層のうち一部領域を熱処理して、前記第1導電型領域を形成する第1熱処理ステップと、
前記前面テクスチャリングステップ以後、前記半導体基板の前面全体領域と前記半導体基板の後面に形成された前記半導体層のうち、前記一部領域を除いた残部領域に前記第2導電型領域を熱処理して形成する第2熱処理ステップと、
前記半導体基板の後面に形成された第1導電型領域に第1電極を形成し、前記第2導電型領域に第2電極を形成する電極形成ステップとをさらに含んでなる、〔1〕〜〔9〕の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔11〕 前記第1熱処理ステップにおいて、前記半導体層の一部領域を熱処理して、前記半導体層の一部領域を前記第1導電型領域として形成する、〔10〕に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔12〕 前記前面テクスチャリングステップ以後、前記半導体基板の前面に前記半導体層に前記第1導電型領域を形成する熱処理ステップと、
前記半導体基板の前面に形成された前記第1導電型領域に第1電極を形成し、前記半導体基板の後面に形成された前記第2導電型領域に第2電極を形成する電極形成ステップとをさらに含んでなるものであり、
前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、不純物を含有した非晶質シリコン層及び/又は不純物を含有したポリシリコン層として形成され、第2導電型領域として形成されてなり、
前記半導体基板の前面には、前記第2導電型領域に含有した不純物と異なる不純物を含有した第1導電型領域が形成されてなるものである、〔1〕〜〔9〕の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔13〕 太陽電池の製造方法であって、
2枚の半導体基板の前面を互いに重ねる重ねステップと、
前記2枚の半導体基板が互いに重なった状態で前記半導体基板の後面に同時に半導体層を蒸着させる半導体層の蒸着ステップと、
前記互いに重なった2枚の半導体基板を分離する分離ステップと、
前記エッチング防止膜形成ステップ以後、前記半導体基板の前面をテクスチャリング(texturing)する前面テクスチャリングステップと、
前記前面テクスチャリングステップ以後、熱処理して前記半導体基板の表面に第1導電性不純物が含まれた第1導電型領域と前記第1導電性不純物と異なる第2導電性不純物が含まれた第2導電型領域を形成する熱処理ステップと、
前記第1導電型領域に接続する第1電極を形成し、前記第2導電型領域に接続する第2電極を形成する電極形成ステップとを含んでなる、太陽電池の製造方法。
〔14〕 前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、真性非晶質シリコン層、真性ポリシリコン層、不純物を含有した非晶質シリコン層、及び不純物を含有したポリシリコン層からなる群から選択される一又は二以上の層であり、
前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、前記半導体基板の後面と共に前記2枚の半導体基板が互いに重なった前面のエッジ領域まで蒸着される、〔13〕に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
〔15〕 前記前面テクスチャリングステップにおいて、前記半導体基板の前面は、反応性イオンエッチング法(RIE)又はウェットエッチング法の何れか一つの方法によりテクスチャリングされ、
前記前面テクスチャリングステップにより、前記半導体基板の前面にエッジ領域に形成された前記半導体層が除去され、
前記分離ステップにおいて、互いに重なって配置された前記2枚の半導体基板は、それぞれバラで分離されてなる、〔13〕又は〔14〕に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
Claims (15)
- 太陽電池の製造方法であって、
2枚の半導体基板の前面を互いに重ねる重ねステップと、
前記2枚の半導体基板が互いに重なった状態で前記半導体基板の後面に同時に半導体層を蒸着させる半導体層の蒸着ステップと、
前記互いに重なった2枚の半導体基板を分離する分離ステップと、
前記エッチング防止膜形成ステップ以後、前記半導体基板の前面をテクスチャリング(texturing)する前面テクスチャリングステップとを含んでなる、太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記重ねステップと前記半導体層の蒸着ステップとの間において、前記2枚の半導体基板が互いに重なった状態で前記前面の反対面である後面に同時に保護膜を形成する保護膜形成ステップをさらに含んでなり、
前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、前記半導体層は、前記互いに重なった2枚の半導体基板の後面に形成された前記保護膜上に同時に蒸着させるものである、請求項1に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記重ねステップにおいて、前記2枚の半導体基板は、前面が互いに接するように一つのスロットに重なった状態で前記保護膜及び前記半導体層を蒸着させる蒸着装置内に進んでなるものであり、
前記半導体層の蒸着ステップは、低圧化学気相蒸着装置(LPCVD)により行われる、請求項1又は2に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記分離ステップにおいて、前記一つのスロットに重なって配置された前記2枚の半導体基板は、各々それぞれに分離される、請求項3に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、真性非晶質シリコン層、真性ポリシリコン層、不純物を含有した晶質シリコン層及び不純物を含有したポリシリコン層からなる群から選択される一又は二以上の層である、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層の厚さは、250nm〜450nmの範囲である、請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、前記半導体基板の後面と共に前記2枚の半導体基板が互いに重なった前面のエッジ領域まで蒸着される、請求項1〜6の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記前面テクスチャリングステップにおいて、前記半導体基板の前面は、反応性イオンエッチング法(RIE)又はウェットエッチング法のうち、いずれか一つの方法によりテクスチャリングされ、
前記前面テクスチャリングステップにより、前記半導体基板の前面にエッジ領域に形成された前記半導体層が除去され、
前記前面テクスチャリングステップにおいて、前記半導体基板の前面がエッチングされる深さは、100nm〜5μmの範囲である、請求項1〜7の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、不純物を含有した第1導電型領域又は前記第1導電型領域の不純物と異なる不純物を含有した第2導電型領域として形成されてなる、請求項1〜8の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記分離ステップと前記前面テクスチャリングステップとの間において、前記半導体基板の後面領域に位置する前記半導体層のうち一部領域を熱処理して、前記第1導電型領域を形成する第1熱処理ステップと、
前記前面テクスチャリングステップ以後、前記半導体基板の前面全体領域と前記半導体基板の後面に形成された前記半導体層のうち、前記一部領域を除いた残部領域に前記第2導電型領域を熱処理して形成する第2熱処理ステップと、
前記半導体基板の後面に形成された第1導電型領域に第1電極を形成し、前記第2導電型領域に第2電極を形成する電極形成ステップとをさらに含んでなる、請求項1〜9の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記第1熱処理ステップにおいて、前記半導体層の一部領域を熱処理して、前記半導体層の一部領域を前記第1導電型領域として形成する、請求項10に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記前面テクスチャリングステップ以後、前記半導体基板の前面に前記半導体層に前記第1導電型領域を形成する熱処理ステップと、
前記半導体基板の前面に形成された前記第1導電型領域に第1電極を形成し、前記半導体基板の後面に形成された前記第2導電型領域に第2電極を形成する電極形成ステップとをさらに含んでなるものであり、
前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、不純物を含有した非晶質シリコン層及び/又は不純物を含有したポリシリコン層として形成され、第2導電型領域として形成されてなり、
前記半導体基板の前面には、前記第2導電型領域に含有した不純物と異なる不純物を含有した第1導電型領域が形成されてなるものである、請求項1〜9の何れか一項に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 太陽電池の製造方法であって、
2枚の半導体基板の前面を互いに重ねる重ねステップと、
前記2枚の半導体基板が互いに重なった状態で前記半導体基板の後面に同時に半導体層を蒸着させる半導体層の蒸着ステップと、
前記互いに重なった2枚の半導体基板を分離する分離ステップと、
前記エッチング防止膜形成ステップ以後、前記半導体基板の前面をテクスチャリング(texturing)する前面テクスチャリングステップと、
前記前面テクスチャリングステップ以後、熱処理して前記半導体基板の表面に第1導電性不純物が含まれた第1導電型領域と前記第1導電性不純物と異なる第2導電性不純物が含まれた第2導電型領域を形成する熱処理ステップと、
前記第1導電型領域に接続する第1電極を形成し、前記第2導電型領域に接続する第2電極を形成する電極形成ステップとを含んでなる、太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、真性非晶質シリコン層、真性ポリシリコン層、不純物を含有した非晶質シリコン層、及び不純物を含有したポリシリコン層からなる群から選択される一又は二以上の層であり、
前記半導体層の蒸着ステップにおいて、蒸着される前記半導体層は、前記半導体基板の後面と共に前記2枚の半導体基板が互いに重なった前面のエッジ領域まで蒸着される、請求項13に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記前面テクスチャリングステップにおいて、前記半導体基板の前面は、反応性イオンエッチング法(RIE)又はウェットエッチング法の何れか一つの方法によりテクスチャリングされ、
前記前面テクスチャリングステップにより、前記半導体基板の前面にエッジ領域に形成された前記半導体層が除去され、
前記分離ステップにおいて、互いに重なって配置された前記2枚の半導体基板は、それぞれバラで分離されてなる、請求項13又は14に記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
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US10483427B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
EP3331032A1 (en) | 2018-06-06 |
KR102257824B1 (ko) | 2021-05-28 |
KR20180064194A (ko) | 2018-06-14 |
JP7182052B2 (ja) | 2022-12-02 |
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