JP2017523378A - 熱エネルギーを貯蔵するための装置および方法 - Google Patents
熱エネルギーを貯蔵するための装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
−顕熱貯蔵
−潜熱貯蔵
Hs=m.Cp.(T2−T1)
Hl=m.Cps.(TF−T1)+m.L+m.Cpl.(T2−TF)
a.PCMと呼ばれる多量の相変化物質であって、相変化物質の相変化温度はTcであり、貯蔵コアを構成する相変化物質と、
b.熱源と呼ばれる第1の手段であって、温度TAにおいて相変化物質と熱交換し、相変化物質の相変化を起こさせることができる第1の手段と、
c.復熱装置と呼ばれる第2の手段であって、温度TBにおいて相変化物質と熱交換し、熱源によって生じる相変化とは反対の方向に相変化物質の相変化を起こさせることができる第2の手段と、
d.制御手段と呼ばれる手段であって、相変化物質と熱源と復熱装置との間の熱の流れを制御することができる手段と、
e.支持体と呼ばれる有孔の媒体であって、相変化物質、熱源および復熱装置と熱的接触をする媒体。
i.消費設定を取得し、解釈するステップと、
ii.消費設定の解釈が、設備のエネルギー消費の減少からなる場合は、熱源からエネルギー貯蔵コアの相変化物質までの熱流を停止するステップと、
iii.消費設定の解釈がエネルギー貯蔵依頼からなる場合は、熱源からエネルギー貯蔵コアの相変化物質までの熱流を開始するステップと、
を備える。
iv.操作設定を取得し、解釈するステップと、
v.操作設定の解釈がエネルギー拡散に対する需要に対応する場合であって、消費設定が設備のエネルギー消費の低下からなるときは、復熱装置手段とエネルギー貯蔵コアの相変化物質との間の熱交換流を開始するステップと、
を備える。
−消費設定は、エネルギー供給業者からエネルギー配布ネットワークを介して発信される料金表信号を備える。信号はたとえば、電気ネットワークを介して発信されるピーク時間信号からなる。
−消費設定は、設備が作用する建物の内部回路から放出される負荷遮断信号を備える。そのため、設備の消費は、料金表条件に関わらず、好ましい限度内に維持される。
−消費設定は多数の情報を備え、具体的には、設備に接続するテレマティックスネットワークからの気象情報を備える。テレマティックスネットワーク、たとえばインターネットの使用によって、本発明の主題である設備と複雑なデータの交換が可能となる。複雑なデータには、消費予測、用いられるエネルギーミックスの情報、または温室効果ガス放出許可の値段に関するその他の情報が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
−操作設定はサーモスタットからの信号を備える。
−操作設定は建物の居住者探知器からの信号を備える。
−操作設定は設備プログラミング手段から発生する信号を備える。
−第1の操作原理によると、熱源(110)はエネルギー貯蔵コアに放熱する。本操作モードは純粋な貯蔵に対応する。本事例は、消費設定(181)が好ましく、たとえばオフピーク時間である条件、および操作設定(191)が建物の気候条件を修正することは有益ではないと示す場合の条件に対応する。
−第2の操作原理によると、熱源(110)は何も放出せず、復熱装置、たとえばタービン(120)は動作して、貯蔵コアと交換する熱の温度を上昇させる。本操作モードは貯蔵したエネルギーの純粋な復旧に対応し、たとえばピーク時間として消費設定(181)が好ましくない場合、および操作設定(191)が建物内の気候行動(暖房、空調)を伴う場合に発生する。
− 第3の操作原理によると、熱源(110)および復熱装置(120)は一緒に動作し、この動作は2つの変形による。
−第1の変形によると、熱源(110)によって生じるエネルギーは復熱装置(120)によって完全に回収され、建物に伝達される。
−第2の変形によると、熱源(110)によって生じるエネルギーは復熱装置(120)が抽出するエネルギーより大きく、エネルギー貯蔵コアにはエネルギーの貯蔵がある。
Claims (30)
- エネルギー貯蔵装置であって、
a.PCMと呼ばれる多量の相変化物質であって、前記相変化物質の相変化温度はTc(350)であり、密封容器に含有され、エネルギー貯蔵コア(200、500、600)を構成する相変化物質と、
b.熱源と呼ばれる第1の手段(110、410、411、510、610)であって、温度TAにおいて前記相変化物質と熱交換し、前記相変化物質の相変化を起こさせることができる第1の手段と、
c.復熱装置と呼ばれる第2の手段(120、520、620)であって、温度TBにおいて前記相変化物質と熱交換し、前記熱源によって生じる前記相変化とは反対の方向に前記相変化物質の相変化を起こさせることができる第2の手段と、
d.制御手段と呼ばれる手段(130、630)であって、前記相変化物質と前記熱源と前記復熱装置との間の熱流を制御することができる手段と、
を備えるエネルギー貯蔵装置であって、
e.有孔の支持体と呼ばれる媒体(240、441)であって、前記密封容器内で前記相変化物質と接触し、前記熱源および前記復熱装置と熱的接触をする媒体を備えることを特徴とする、エネルギー貯蔵装置。 - 請求項1に記載の装置であって、TA>TcおよびTB<Tcである、熱貯蔵のための装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置であって、TA<TcおよびTB>Tcである、冷熱貯蔵のための装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置であって、前記支持体は金属の発泡体を備える、装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置であって、前記支持体はメタルウールのブロックを備える、装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置であって、前記支持体はグリッドを備える、装置。
- 請求項5に記載の装置であって、前記支持体はハニカムを備える、装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置であって、前記支持体は有孔のブロックを備える、装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置であって、前記エネルギー貯蔵コア(500)は熱伝導流体内に浸漬される、装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置であって、前記密封容器および前記支持体は熱交換器(400、401)を構成し、前記熱源および前記復熱装置は前記熱交換器内を循環する熱伝導流体である、装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置であって、前記相変化物質は水溶液である、装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置であって、前記相変化物質はポリオールである、装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置であって、前記相変化物質はアルカンである、装置。
- 請求項1に記載の装置であって、前記相変化物質は塩である、装置。
- 請求項12または請求項13に記載の装置であって、前記相変化物質は、多量の固体の無機マイクロ粒子またはナノ粒子を備える、装置。
- 建物を暖房または空調するための設備であって、請求項1に記載のエネルギー貯蔵装置を備えることを特徴とする、設備。
- 請求項16に記載の設備であって、請求項2に記載の熱貯蔵のためのエネルギー貯蔵装置と、請求項3に記載の冷熱貯蔵のためのエネルギー貯蔵装置を備える、設備。
- 請求項16に記載の設備であって、前記エネルギー貯蔵装置は前記設備の気候機器(690)内に含まれる、設備。
- 請求項18に記載の設備であって、前記気候機器は電気暖房機器であり、前記復熱装置はタービン(620)であり、前記エネルギー貯蔵コア(600)から気流を排気可能である、設備。
- 請求項19に記載の設備であって、前記気候機器の前記エネルギー貯蔵コア(600)のTcは約120℃であり、前記エネルギー貯蔵コアの前記相変化物質はエリトリトールを備える、設備。
- 請求項19に記載の設備であって、前記気候機器の前記エネルギー貯蔵コアの前記支持体はアルミニウム発泡体であり、孔の割合は70%から95%の間であり、好ましくは90%である、設備。
- 請求項19に記載の設備であって、前記気候機器は放射正面(693)を備える、設備。
- 請求項16に記載の設備を使用する方法であって、
i.消費設定(181)を取得し、解釈するステップと、
ii.前記消費設定の前記解釈が、前記設備のエネルギー消費の減少からなる場合は、前記熱源から前記エネルギー貯蔵コアの前記相変化物質までの前記熱流を停止するステップと、
iii.前記消費設定の前記解釈がエネルギー貯蔵依頼からなる場合は、前記熱源から前記エネルギー貯蔵コアの前記相変化物質までの前記熱流を開始するステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項23に記載の方法であって、
iv.操作設定(191)を取得し、解釈するステップと、
v.前記操作設定の前記解釈がエネルギー拡散に対する需要に対応する場合、および前記消費設定が前記設備の前記エネルギー消費の低下からなるときは、前記復熱装置と前記エネルギー貯蔵コアの前記相変化物質との間の熱交換流を開始するステップと、
を備える、方法。 - 請求項23に記載の方法であって、前記消費設定(181)は、エネルギー供給業者からエネルギー配布ネットワークを介して発信される料金表信号を備える、方法。
- 請求項23に記載の方法であって、前記消費設定(181)は、前記設備が作用する前記建物の内部回路から放出される負荷遮断信号を備える、方法。
- 請求項23に記載の方法であって、前記消費設定(181)は多数の情報を備え、具体的には、前記設備に接続するテレマティックスネットワークからの気象情報を備える、方法。
- 請求項24に記載の方法であって、前記操作設定(191)はサーモスタットからの信号を備える、方法。
- 請求項24に記載の方法であって、前記操作設定(191)は、建物の居住者探知器からの信号を備える、方法。
- 請求項24に記載の方法であって、前記操作設定(191)は、設備プログラミング手段(731)から発生する信号を備える、方法。
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