JP2017039726A - Gaba類似体及びオピオイドを含む新規胃内滞留型剤形 - Google Patents
Gaba類似体及びオピオイドを含む新規胃内滞留型剤形 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017039726A JP2017039726A JP2016173316A JP2016173316A JP2017039726A JP 2017039726 A JP2017039726 A JP 2017039726A JP 2016173316 A JP2016173316 A JP 2016173316A JP 2016173316 A JP2016173316 A JP 2016173316A JP 2017039726 A JP2017039726 A JP 2017039726A
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Abstract
Description
GABA類似体の10〜40%が測定開始後0〜約2時間で放出され、
GABA類似体の約30〜60%が測定開始後2〜約7時間で放出され、
GABA類似体の約50〜80%が測定開始後7〜約12時間で放出され、
GABA類似体の約80〜100%が約20時間の測定後に放出される
インビトロ溶解プロフィールを示す医薬剤形を更に提供する。
GABA類似体の約5〜約30%が1時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の約15〜約40%が2時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の約20〜約50%が4時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の約30〜約70%が8時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の約40〜約90%が12時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の約50〜約100%が16時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の60〜約100%が24時間後に放出される
溶解速度を有する医薬剤形を更に提供する。
GABA類似体の約10〜約25%が1時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の約15〜約30%が2時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の約25〜約40%が4時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の約40〜約55%が8時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の約60〜約75%が12時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の約70〜約90%が16時間後に放出され、
GABA類似体の約90〜約100%が24時間後に放出される
溶解速度を有する医薬剤形を更に提供する。
製造方法:架橋アミロース
29ミラーゼの架橋は、文献において周知であり、アミラーゼの所望の架橋は、BIOCHIMIE 1978、60、535〜537頁(非特許文献4)に記載された方法を用いて実施できる。29ミラーゼの架橋は、文献において周知である。例えば、所望の架橋は、Mateescuら、Analytical Letters、1985年、18、79〜91頁(非特許文献5)に記載されたようにして、アルカリ媒体中で29ミラーゼをエピクロルヒドリンと反応させることによって制御できる。例えば、架橋29ミラーゼは、アルカリ媒体中で29ミラーゼをエピクロロヒドリンなどの架橋剤と反応させることによって生成される。同様に、同じようにして、29ミラーゼは、2,3−ジブロモプロパノールで架橋させることもできる。
第1の放出層
a)少なくとも2つの放出層を含むコアであって、第1の放出層が、架橋高32ミラーゼ澱粉を含む徐放性マトリックス中に分散された少なくとも1種のGABA類似体を含み、第2の放出層が、徐放性マトリックス中に分散された少なくとも1種のオピオイドを含むコアと、b)前記コアを含むコートとを含む医薬剤形。具体的な実施形態において、コアのマトリックスは、前記方法に従って調製した架橋高32ミラーゼ澱粉である。
この第2の放出マトリックス層は、ポリ酢酸ビニルとポリビニルピロリドンと、タペンタドールを含む第2の放出マトリックス層の有効医薬成分(複数可)との物理的混合物を含む。第2の放出マトリックスはまた、前述のようにして調製した架橋高33ミラーゼ澱粉及び他の任意選択の成分を含んでいてもよい。第2の放出マトリックス層の重量は、総組成物の重量の任意の百分率であることができ、例えば、本発明の錠剤の約10%〜約90%、例えば、約20%〜約90%(w/w)、若しくは約25%〜約90%、若しくは約30%〜約85%、若しくは約35%〜約85%、若しくは約40%〜約85%、若しくは約45%〜約85%、若しくは約45%〜約90%、若しくは約50%〜約90%若しくは約50%〜約85%、若しくは約55%〜約90%、若しくは約55%〜約85%、若しくは約55%〜約80%、若しくは約60%〜約90%、若しくは約60%〜約85%、若しくは約60%〜約80%、若しくは約60%〜約75%、若しくは約65%〜約90%、若しくは約65%〜約85%、若しくは約65%〜約80%、若しくは約65%〜約75%、又は約65%若しくは約70%若しくは約75%である。
第3の放出層は任意選択であり、当技術分野において知られている方法に従って容易に調製できる。任意選択である有効作用剤、膨張性ポリマー、希釈剤及び他の添加剤を混合し、乾式造粒、湿式造粒又は直接圧縮のいずれかによって更に加工することができる。例えば、本発明の一実施形態において、微結晶セルロース、クロスポビドン、二酸化ケイ素、ステアリン酸マグネシウム及びポリビニルピロリドンをミキサー中で混合し、圧縮して、第3の放出層とした。第3の放出層は、タペンタドールなどのオピオイドを即時放出層として含むことができる。
第4の放出不活性層(任意選択)
本発明の医薬剤形は任意選択で、不活性層を含むことができる。不活性層の構成要素は、従来技術と容易に識別される。不活性層は、有効成分を含まず、例えば、微結晶セルロース、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、Eudragit L100及びポリピロリドンからなることができる。不活性層は、当技術分野において知られている単純な圧縮技術によって調製し、第1の放出層、第2の放出層及び任意選択で第3の放出層と共に使用されて、後述のコアを形成する。
組成物、例えば、第1の放出層、第2の放出層、第3の放出層(任意選択である)及び不活性層の組成物を造粒し、回転圧縮を用いて個々の層の顆粒を圧縮して、錠剤を形成する。組成物を直接圧縮によって加工する場合には、組成物のブレンドはそれぞれ、ロータリープレスを使用して圧縮することができる。放出層の順序は重要でない。例えば、本発明の一実施形態においては、架橋高36ミラーゼ澱粉を含む徐放性マトリックス中に分散された少なくとも1種のGABA類似体を含む第1の放出層を、不活性層上に圧縮された、徐放性マトリックス中に分散されたオピオイドを含む第2の放出層上に圧縮する。本発明の別の実施形態においては、架橋高36ミラーゼ澱粉を含む徐放性マトリックス中に分散された少なくとも1種のGABA類似体を含む第1の放出層を、徐放性マトリックス中に分散されたオピオイドを含む第2の放出層の下であって不活性層の上に圧縮する。本発明の別の実施形態においては、架橋高36ミラーゼ澱粉を含む徐放性マトリックス中に分散された少なくとも1種のGABA類似体を含む第1の放出層を、GABA類似体若しくはオピオイド又は両方のいずれかを任意選択で含む第3の放出層上に圧縮された、徐放性マトリックス中に分散されたオピオイドを含む第2の放出層上に圧縮し、3層全てを不活性層上に圧縮する。
コアのコーティングは、当技術分野で知られている技術によって実施する。コーティング溶液は、各処方錠剤に応じて、既知の乳化重合技術を使用して調製した。
ポリビニルアルコール(EMD EMPROVE(登録商標)、欧州薬局方(Ph.Eur.)、米国薬局方(USP))10g、水90mg及びグリセロール3.1gを混合し、95℃に加熱した。高温ポリビニル溶液を、室温に冷却し、ガラス板上に延展して、厚さ約100μmの薄い柔軟な可撓性フィルムを形成した。このフィルムを好適に切断して、固体剤形のサイズに応じて適切なサイズのパウチ又は分包を調製した。パウチを使用して、コーティングされた圧縮コアを封入した。
プレガバリン150mg及びタペンタドール50mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表1の処方に従って調製した。
プレガバリン300mg及びタペンタドール100mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表2の処方に従って調製した。
プレガバリン150mg及びタペンタドール50mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表3の処方に従って調製した。
ガバペンチン150mg及びタペンタドール50mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表4の処方に従って調製した。
プレガバリン300mg、タペンタドール100mg及び少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表5の処方に従って調製した。
ガバペンチン150mg及びモルヒネ50mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表6の処方に従って調製した。
ガバペンチン150mg及びオキシコドン5mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表7の処方に従って調製した。
プレガバリン75mg及びタペンタドール50mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表8の処方に従って調製した。
プレガバリン150mg及びタペンタドール75mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表9の処方に従って調製した。
プレガバリン300mg及びタペンタドール100mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表10の処方に従って調製した。
ガバペンチン100mg及びトラマドール100mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表11の処方に従って調製した。
ガバペンチン300mg及びアキソマドール100mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表12の処方に従って調製した。
プレガバリン150mg及びタペンタドール50mg並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形を、以下の表13の処方に従って調製した。
表1及び2に従って調製した例1と2の溶解プロフィールを、表14に示す。本発明者らは、薬物の投与後に少なくとも12時間にわたってプレガバリンの徐放性プロフィールを達成するためには、インビトロの放出速度が好ましくは、USP Type I装置を用いて50mMリン酸塩(pH6.8)中で50〜150rpmで撹拌しながら測定された場合に、以下のプレガバリン放出速度に相当することを見出した。本発明の医薬組成物が示す溶解プロフィールは、以下の通りである。
プレガバリンの15〜35%が測定開始後2時間で製剤から放出され、プレガバリンの約40〜60%が測定開始後7時間で製剤から放出され、プレガバリンの約60〜80%が測定開始後12時間で製剤から放出され、プレガバリンの約85〜100%が約20時間の測定後に製剤から放出され、又は、
プレガバリンの20〜40%が測定開始後2時間で製剤から放出され、プレガバリンの約40〜60%が測定開始後7時間で製剤から放出され、プレガバリンの約60〜80%が測定開始後12時間で製剤から放出され、プレガバリンの約85〜100%が約20時間の測定後に製剤から放出される。
1)プレガバリンからの薬物動態パラメーター、2)3つの有効性成分含量(dosage strength)(150mg、300mg及び600mg)間における用量比例関係、2)1×300の例9と2×150のLyricaの比較バイオアベイラビリティ試験を査定するために、バイオアベイラビリティ試験を行った。本発明の徐放性組成物の200mg投与量の比較バイオアベイラビリティ試験を、市販のLyricaと比較した。
表は、GABA類似体(プレガバリン)の血漿濃度(ng/mL)を、プレガバリン及び少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む本発明の医薬剤形の用量75mg(例8)、用量150mg(例9)及び用量300mg(例10)について示している。データは、例8、9及び10の胃内滞留型剤形中のプレガバリンの投与量がプレガバリンの吸収速度及び吸収度に関して用量比例的であることを明らかにした。
実験データは、疼痛の治療において、GABA類似体とオピオイドの間における著明な鎮痛改善を実証した。これは、臨床診療において、より良好な疼痛軽減と、オピオイドに関連するより少ない副作用を示すと考えられる。
試験計画:割り付け:無作為化
対照:実薬対照(active control)
エンドポイント分類:有効性試験
介入モデル:並行割り付け
遮蔽化:二重盲検(対象、治験責任医師)
主目的:治療
患者数:40
アーム数:3
二次評価項目:一緒に投与される場合にモルヒネとメタドンの配合剤による副作用があるか否かを判定すること。[時間フレーム:30分毎に査定][安全性の問題として指定:あり]
選択基準:
後腹膜リンパ節郭清
1mgの持続点滴及び10分毎に1mgのPCAによる術後鎮痛を計画
年齢18歳以上
英語を話す
本試験への参加に関するインフォームドコンセントを受けている
除外基準:
プレガバリン又はタペンタドールに過敏症があることがわかっている患者
過去又は現在において薬物乱用歴がある患者
長いオピオイド治療歴のある患者
3ヵ月を超える期間にわたって鎮痛薬の連日使用を必要とした慢性疼痛歴のある患者
予定された手術から1ヶ月以内にオピオイド治療歴のある患者
クレアチニン・クリアランス50mg/kg未満(Cockcroft−Gault式を使用)
データ収集を損なうほどの神経疾患又は精神疾患(医師の見解による)
emb−1.)治療有効量の少なくとも1種のGABA類似体、少なくとも1種のオピオイド及び少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形であって、胃内に少なくとも4時間保持され、1日1回又は1日2回の投与に好適である医薬剤形。
GABA類似体の約30〜60%が測定開始後2〜約7時間で放出され、
GABA類似体の約50〜80%が測定開始後7〜約12時間で放出され、
GABA類似体の約80〜100%が約20時間の測定後に放出される医薬剤形。
Claims (21)
- 治療有効量の少なくとも1種のGABA類似体、少なくとも1種のオピオイド及び少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む医薬剤形であって、胃内に少なくとも4時間保持され、そして1日1回又は1日2回の投与に好適である医薬剤形。
- 治療有効量の少なくとも1種のGABA類似体、少なくとも1種のオピオイド及び少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含み、胃内に少なくとも4時間保持され、USP Type I装置を用いて50mMリン酸塩(pH6.8)中で50〜150rpmで撹拌しながらインビトロで試験された場合に、0時間に最初に存在するGABA類似体の平均で10%〜30%/時が0〜2時間で放出されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の医薬剤形。
- a)少なくとも2つの放出層を含むコアであって、第1の放出層が少なくとも1種のGABA類似体を含み、第2の放出層が少なくとも1種のオピオイド及び、場合により、少なくとも1種のGABA類似体を含むコアと、b)前記コアを含むコート(coat)とを含み、胃内に少なくとも4時間保持され、そして1日1回又は1日2回の投与に好適であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬剤形。
- a)少なくとも2つの放出層を含む圧縮コアであって、第1の放出層が、徐放性(slow release)マトリックス中に分散された少なくとも1種のGABA類似体を含み、第2の放出層が、第2の徐放性マトリックス中にオピオイドを含む圧縮コア;b)前記コアを含む少なくとも1つの透過性膜パウチ;c)封入用コートを含み、1日1回又は1日2回の投与に好適であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- オピオイドが即時放出型であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- オピオイドが徐放型であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- a)少なくとも2つの層を含むコアであって、第1の放出層が、少なくとも1種の徐放性マトリックス中に分散されたGABA類似体を含み、第2の放出層が、第2の放出マトリックス中に分散された少なくとも1種のオピオイドを含むコアと、b)前記コアを含むコートとを含み、USP Type I装置を用いて50mMリン酸塩(pH6.8)中で50〜150rpmで撹拌しながらインビトロで試験された場合に、0時間に最初に存在するGABA類似体の平均で10%〜30%/時が0〜2時間で放出されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- a)少なくとも2つの層を含むコアであって、第1の放出層が、少なくとも1種の徐放性マトリックス中に分散されたGABA類似体を含み、第2の放出層が、第2の放出マトリックス中に分散された少なくとも1種のオピオイドを含むコアと、b)前記コアを含むコートとを含み、USP Type I装置を用いて50mMリン酸塩(pH6.8)中で50〜150rpmで撹拌しながらインビトロで試験された場合に、
GABA類似体の10〜40%が測定開始後0〜約2時間で放出され、
GABA類似体の約30〜60%が測定開始後2〜約7時間で放出され、
GABA類似体の約50〜80%が測定開始後7〜約12時間で放出され、
GABA類似体の約80〜100%が約20時間の測定後に放出されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。 - GABA類似体の放出が二相性である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- 第2の放出層が、ポリ酢酸ビニルとポリビニルピロリドンの物理的混合物を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- 第2の放出層が、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリビニルピロリドン、バインダー(binder)、GABA類似体の物理的混合物を含み、第1の放出層/第2の放出層の比(w/w)が約1.0〜約0.1である、請求項1〜10のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- 4時間毎、又は6時間毎、8時間毎、12時間毎又は24時間毎の期間にわたる使用のための、請求項1〜11のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- 第1の放出層若しくは第2の放出層のいずれか又は両方が圧縮によって製造される、請求項1〜12のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- 放出層の数が少なくとも2つであり、層の順序が重要でない、請求項1〜13のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- GABA類似体約5〜約800mg及びオピオイド約1mg〜約500mgを含む、請求項1〜14のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- 必要とする患者に投与される場合にGABA類似体の最大血漿中濃度(Tmax)までの平均時間が約4〜約16時間の範囲であり、1日1回又は1日2回の投与に好適であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜15のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- 前記GABA類似体がプレガバリン、ガバペンチン及びチアガビンからなる群から選択され、オピオイドがアキソマドール、モルヒネ、オキシコドン、タペンタドール、ファキセラドール及びトラマドールからなる群から選択される、請求項1〜16のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- 前記GABA類似体が、プレガバリン、ガバペンチン及びチアガビンからなる群から選択され、オピオイドが、アルフェンタニル、アキソマドール、アリルプロジン、アルファプロジン、アニレリジン、ベンジルモルヒネ、ベジトラミド、ブプレノルフィン、ブトルファノール、クロニタゼン、コデイン、デソモルヒネ、デキストロモラミド、デゾシン、ジアンプロミド、ジアモルフィン(diamorphone)、ジヒドロコデイン、ジヒドロモルヒネ、ジメノキサドール、ジメヘプタノール、ジメチルチアムブテン、ジオキサフェチルブチラート、ジピパノン、エプタゾシン、エトヘプタジン、エチルメチルチアンブテン、エチルモルヒネ、エトニタゼン、ファキセラドール、フェンタニル、ヘロイン、ヒドロコドン、ヒドロモルフォン、ヒドロキシペチジン、イソメタドン、ケトベミドン、レボルファノール、レボフェナシルモルファン、ロフェンタニル、メペリジン、メプタジノール、メタゾシン、メタドン、メトポン、モルヒネ、ミロフィン、ナルセイン、ニコモルフィン、ノルレボルファノール、ノルメタドン、ナロルフィン、ナルブフィン(nalbuphene)、ノルモルヒネ、ノルピパノン、アヘン、オキシコドン、オキシモルフォン、パパベレタム、ペンタゾシン、フェナドキソン、フェノモルファン、フェナゾシン、フェノペリジン、ピミノジン、ピリトラミド、プロフェプタジン、プロメドール、プロペリジン、プロポキシフェン、スフェンタニル、チリジン、タペンタドール及びトラマドールからなる群から選択され、剤形が、胃内に少なくとも4時間保持され、1日1回又は1日2回の投与に好適である、請求項1〜17のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- 治療有効量の少なくとも1種のGABA類似体、少なくとも1種のオピオイド及び少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含み、前記オピオイドが徐放型又は即時放出型のいずれかであり、剤形が胃内に少なくとも4時間保持されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜18のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- 疼痛及び疼痛関連障害を治療するために、GABA類似体、オピオイド及びNMDA受容体拮抗剤並びに少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜19のいずれか一つに記載の医薬剤形。
- a)少なくとも2つの放出層を含むコアであって、第1の放出層が少なくとも1種の徐放性マトリックス中に分散されたGABA類似体を含み、第2の放出層が第2の放出マトリックス中に分散された少なくとも1種のオピオイド及び、場合により、少なくとも1種のGABA類似体を含むコアと、b)前記コアを含むコートとを含む医薬剤形の製造方法であって、第2の放出層が、別に製造された前記第1の放出層の上に圧縮される方法。
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