JP2009514897A - 成長及び/又は生産量を改善するためのプロリンの使用 - Google Patents
成長及び/又は生産量を改善するためのプロリンの使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009514897A JP2009514897A JP2008539126A JP2008539126A JP2009514897A JP 2009514897 A JP2009514897 A JP 2009514897A JP 2008539126 A JP2008539126 A JP 2008539126A JP 2008539126 A JP2008539126 A JP 2008539126A JP 2009514897 A JP2009514897 A JP 2009514897A
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- pyroglutamate
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N39/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing aryloxy- or arylthio-aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, containing the group or, e.g. phenoxyethylamine, phenylthio-acetonitrile, phenoxyacetone
- A01N39/02—Aryloxy-carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
- A01N39/04—Aryloxy-acetic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
本発明は、アメリカ合衆国エネルギー省により与えられた契約第W-7405-ENG-36号の下での政府の援助によってなされた。政府は、本発明において所定の権利を有する。
本発明は、全般的に、選択されたプロリン含有組成物、及び植物の成長の改善のため、種子の発芽の改善のため、植物を選択されたストレス条件から保護するためなどの該プロリン含有組成物の使用に関する。
多くの農作業は、経費と収益が作物の迅速な回転率と市場に最初に入ることに依存して、非常に時間に敏感である。よって、迅速な植物の成長は、野菜、ベリー及びバナナのような価値が高い作物を栽培する多くの農業ビジネス並びに温室及び苗床産業にとって経済的に重要なゴールである。多くのよく発展した作物の生産量が近年プラトーに達した傾向があるとの観察から、作物生産技術の改善の重要性は、大きくなっている。迅速な植物の成長のゴールは、完全には理解されていないままの植物調節機構の多くの研究において扱われている。特に、炭素及び窒素の代謝を調整する植物調節機構についての完全な理解は、達成されておらず、これは、植物の成長及び発達に対して主要な影響を有するはずである。
本明細書に具体的に及び広く記載されるような本発明の目的に従って、本発明は、L−及びD−ピログルタメートの立体異性体の、LのDに対する比率が約80:20〜約97:3の混合物と、該L−及びD−ピログルタメート立体異性体の標的植物への撒布(application)のためのキャリア媒体(carrier medium)とを含む組成物を含む。
ピログルタメートは、D及びLの立体異性体の2つの形で存在する。これらの異性体のそれぞれは、植物において所望の利益を生じさせる活性がある。細菌発酵法により合成された商業的に入手可能なピログルタメートのL異性体のD異性体に対する立体化学比率は、約60:40である。
エンバクの実生の個々のバッチを、表1に示すピログルタメート異性体混合物の系列で1回処理した。葉を計数して、続く28日間の植物成長速度を追跡した。
実施例1からのエンバクを、処理28日後に現れた止葉(flag leaves)を有する分蘖枝の数についてもモニターした。このパラメータは、子実生産量の可能性に関する。表2は、同じ系列の異性体混合物について、28日目に得られた止葉を有する分蘖枝を含む。
エンバク実生を、表3に示すピログルタメート異性体混合物の系列で処理した。葉を計数して、続く24日間の植物成長速度を追跡した。
3年齢のトマト種子(Heintz #9665)を、曝気した水(コントロール)及びピログルタメート組成物(L:Dの異性体比率85:15)の種々の溶液で処理した。種子を、それぞれの液体中で4時間浸漬(浸み込ませる)させ、次いで、標準的なフィトトレイ内の発芽ペーパー上に広げた(暗所にて25℃)。
これらの結果から、種子の発芽の時間、すなわち種子の発芽の速度;発芽の割合;及び実生の発達割合について陽性の結果が示される。
商業的な畑で成長しているコムギに、我々のその他の植物処置において記載するのと同じ処理溶液を用いて、止葉段階でピログルタメート組成物(L:Dの異性体比率85:15)を1回噴霧した。子実を成熟期に収穫した。処理した区画は、未処理の区画よりも0.65T/ヘクタール多く(7%増加)子実(種子)を産出した。
商業的な畑で成長しているテーブルグレープに、新しい草本性つる植物の成長の6−12”で最初に2回噴霧し、2ヵ月後に第2の噴霧を行った。ピログルタメート組成物(L:Dの異性体比率85:15)を、25g/エーカーの割合で撒布した。処理されたブドウは、未処理の区画(921個の標準的な箱)よりも13.5%多い収穫可能なブドウの生産量(1045個の標準的な箱)を生み出した。
単子葉植物作物であるエンバクにおける2,4−Dにより誘発されるストレスのピログルタメートによる緩和を測定するために試験を行った。
成長しているエンバクの植物を、ピログルタメート(L:Dの異性体比率85:15)及び2,4−Dの混合物で処理し、それらの成長をモニターした。温室で活発に成長しているエンバクの実生を、2,4−D及びピログルタメート(13.5g/L)の混合物で処理した。2,4−Dは、推奨される畑強度(field strength)の1/4で混合物に加えた。界面活性剤/湿潤剤(Gly Surf P)も用いた。処理溶液を、植物の上から2回の通過でバックパックR&D噴霧器を用いて撒布して、全ての植物に処理溶液が与えられることを確実にした。このことが、1/2畑強度用量をシミュレートしたと見積もった。これらの植物を、除草剤及び界面活性剤/湿潤剤で処理した植物、並びに界面活性剤/湿潤剤(コントロール)のみで処理したコントロールと比較した。
ピログルタメート(L:Dの異性体比率85:15)が加えられた除草剤(2,4−D)の配合物が、双子葉植物に対する除草剤の効果の効力を低減させないことを示すために、試験を行った。
2つの双子葉植物、ホワイトクローバー及びアサガオを、製造者の推奨する畑強度での適用で処理し、死滅割合を測定した。2,4−D単独又は2,4−Dとピログルタメートとの混合物のいずれかで処理した成長しているアサガオ及びクローバーの植物(各処理について25)は、同じ効率、100%で死滅した。
Claims (18)
- L対Dの比率が約80:20〜約97:3のL−及びD−ピログルタメート立体異性体の混合物と
前記L−及びD−ピログルタメート立体異性体の標的植物への撒布のためのキャリア媒体とを含む組成物。 - L対Dの立体異性体の比率が約80:20〜約95:5である請求項1に記載の組成物。
- キャリア媒体が、界面活性剤及び湿潤剤を含む水性溶液である請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 除草剤をさらに含む請求項3に記載の組成物。
- 除草剤が、2,4−ジクロロフェノキシ酢酸である請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 標的植物を、L対Dの比率が約80:20〜約97:3のL−及びD−ピログルタメート立体異性体の混合物と、前記L−及びD−ピログルタメート立体異性体のためのキャリア媒体とを含む組成物で処理することを含む、標的植物の栽培性能を増大させる方法。
- L対Dの立体異性体の比率が約80:20〜約95:5である請求項6に記載の方法。
- キャリア媒体が、界面活性剤及び湿潤剤を含む水性溶液である請求項6に記載の方法。
- 標的植物が、単子葉植物、双子葉植物、アブラナ科植物、ナス科植物及びマメ科植物の群から選択される請求項6に記載の方法。
- 処理が、標的植物の葉群への撒布又は標的植物の根への撒布による請求項6に記載の方法。
- 組成物が、除草剤をさらに含む請求項9に記載の方法。
- 除草剤が、2,4−ジクロロフェノキシ酢酸である請求項11に記載の方法。
- 栽培性能が、植物の成長、開花能力、植物生産量及び除草剤へのストレス耐性からなる群より選択される請求項6に記載の方法。
- 処理が、標的植物の葉群への撒布による請求項10に記載の方法。
- 処理が、標的植物の根への撒布による請求項10に記載の方法。
- L対Dの比率が約80:20〜約97:3のL−及びD−ピログルタメート立体異性体の混合物を含む組成物の溶液で、種子を直接湿らせることを含む、播種の前に種子を処理する方法。
- 種子が、イネ又はトウガラシからなる群のものである請求項16に記載の方法。
- 種子被覆組成物の1成分として、L対Dの比率が約80:20〜約97:3のL−及びD−ピログルタメート立体異性体の混合物を加えることを含む、種子被覆組成物における改良。
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