JP2009110496A - Touch panel, electrooptical device, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a touch panel whose transmittance ratio is improved by reducing the substantial transmittance ratio of a transparent electrode film itself. <P>SOLUTION: The touch panel includes a pair of light transmissive electrode films 14 and 15 on inner surface sides of a pair of transparent substrates arranged oppositely to each other with an interval and is configured so as to be able to detect a contact position when the light transmissive electrode films are brought into contact with each other by being bent by external pressure, wherein a plurality of openings 14p and 15p are separately formed on at least one of the pair of light transmissive electrode films. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a touch panel, an electro-optical device, and an electronic apparatus, and particularly relates to a structure of a touch panel including a pair of opposed electrode films.

  An example of a general resistive touch panel is shown in FIG. In the touch panel shown in FIG. 12, a planar transparent electrode film 4 is formed on one transparent substrate 1. Also, a planar transparent electrode film 5 is formed on the other transparent substrate 2 arranged with a distance from one transparent substrate 1 so as to face the transparent electrode film 4. The pair of transparent electrode films 4 and 5 are always opposed to each other with a space therebetween. When the outer surface of the other transparent substrate 2 is pressed with a finger, a touch pen or the like, the pair of transparent electrode films 4 and 5 are brought into contact with each other due to the bending generated at the pressed position, and an output value corresponding to the contact position is obtained. It is configured.

  Since the touch panel is used in a state where it is placed on the viewing side of the display screen of various electro-optical devices such as a liquid crystal display, high transmittance is required. Therefore, conventionally, attempts have been made to increase the transmittance by forming an antireflection film on a substrate or a transparent electrode film (for example, see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 below).

  Moreover, in order to adjust the resistance value of a transparent electrode film, providing an opening part in the transparent electrode film of a resistance-type touch panel is known (for example, refer the following patent documents 3 and patent documents 4).

JP-A-7-257944 JP 2002-2222056 A JP 2001-154791 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-190524

  However, in the touch panel described above, even if the antireflection film is provided, only the reflected light on the surface and interface of the substrate and the transparent electrode film is reduced, and the transmittance itself of the transparent electrode film itself is not reduced. Therefore, there is a limit in improving the transmittance as a touch panel, and there is a problem that it is difficult to brighten the display image of the electro-optical device installed behind the touch panel.

  Further, the opposing surfaces of the pair of transparent electrode films formed by a normal sputtering method or the like are extremely smooth and are in a mirror state. For this reason, there are problems that the transparent electrodes remain attached when pressed with a finger or a touch pen, or that a sound is generated when the pair of attached transparent electrode films are separated.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-described problems, and its object is to realize a touch panel with improved transmittance by reducing the substantial transmittance of the transparent electrode film itself. Another object of the present invention is to prevent sound generation when a pair of transparent electrode films are stuck or separated.

  In view of such circumstances, the touch panel of the present invention includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a first electrode film formed on the first substrate, and a second substrate. And a second electrode film facing the first electrode film, wherein an opening is formed in each of the first electrode film and the second electrode film, and the first electrode The opening formed in the film and the opening formed in the second electrode film overlap in a planar manner, and each opening area is different. The present invention can be applied to a touch panel configured such that the contact position can be detected when the electrode films are bent and contacted by external pressure.

  According to the present invention, since the opening is formed in the electrode film, light is absorbed by the electrode film in the opening or light is attenuated by reflection of light on the electrode film surface or interface. Absent. Therefore, it becomes possible to increase the transmittance of the touch panel. In addition, since a step corresponding to the thickness of the electrode film is formed at the edge portion of the opening, the surface of the electrode film becomes uneven. For this reason, sticking between the electrode films at the time of pressing is prevented, thereby preventing sound generation at the time of separation.

  In the present invention, a plurality of openings may be formed in each of the first electrode film and the second electrode film. By doing so, the transmittance | permeability of a touch panel will increase according to the ratio of the sum total of the opening area of the some opening part with respect to the see-through | perspective area | region of a touch panel. At this time, if the plurality of openings are dispersedly formed at a uniform density in the region where the contact position can be detected, the uniformity of the resistance value per unit area of the electrode film can be ensured. Furthermore, since the uniformity of the transmittance in the see-through region of the touch panel can be ensured, display unevenness can be reduced when the touch panel is used over the display region of the display device.

  In the present invention, the opening formed in the first electrode film and the opening formed in the second electrode film overlap in a plane. For this reason, a region where light attenuation does not occur due to the first electrode film and the second electrode film is formed, so that the transmittance of the touch panel is further increased. In the case where a plurality of openings are formed in each of the first electrode film and the second electrode film, the plurality of openings formed in the first electrode film have a plurality of openings formed in the second electrode film. It can comprise so that it may overlap with an opening part planarly.

  In the present invention, the opening formed in the first electrode film and the opening formed in the second electrode film have different opening areas. For example, the opening range of the opening formed in one of the first electrode film and the second electrode film is made smaller than the opening range of the opening formed in the other. By doing so, it becomes possible to comprise so that the whole opening range of the opening formed in one side may be included in the opening range of the opening formed in the other. That is, a tolerance region is provided between the edge of the opening formed in one electrode film and the edge of the opening formed in the other electrode film. Therefore, even if the plane positions of the first electrode film and the second electrode film are relatively slightly shifted, the overlapping area between the opening ranges can be prevented from changing. According to the present invention, the entire opening range of the opening formed on one side of the opening formed on the other side is set by setting the width of the opening range of both opening portions in consideration of the overlay error at the time of manufacture. The configuration included in the opening range can be realized with a high yield. Therefore, variations and fluctuations in the overlapping area between the openings are reduced, thereby reducing variations in transmittance and improving reproducibility of transmission characteristics.

  In the present invention, it is desirable that the opening formed on the one side and the opening formed on the other are similar to each other. Then, by overlapping the first substrate and the second substrate so that the openings are in a similar positional relationship, the first electrode film and the second electrode film can be displaced in any direction. Variation in transmission characteristics can be suppressed.

  In this invention, it is preferable that the opening part formed in a 1st electrode film and a 2nd electrode film has an opening area which becomes a circle conversion diameter in the range of 5 micrometers-500 micrometers. When the circle-equivalent diameter of the opening is less than 5 μm, patterning of the transparent electrode film becomes difficult and the shape accuracy of the opening is reduced, and problems such as manufacturing difficulty and a decrease in yield are likely to occur. In addition, if the diameter of the opening in terms of a circle exceeds 500 μm, the display image may be affected, and interference fringes may be generated or the image quality may be deteriorated to reduce visibility. If the above-mentioned diameter in terms of circle is further increased, it may be considered that when a tapered pressing instrument such as a touch pen is used, only the opening is pressed and the pair of transparent electrode films do not come into contact with each other. In particular, it is desirable that it is in the range of 30 μm to 200 μm from the same viewpoint as above.

In the present invention, an antireflection film may be formed in at least one of the openings. The antireflection film can be formed by laminating SiO ₂ or TiO ₂ or a single layer. Since there is no transparent electrode film having a high refractive index in the opening, the degree of freedom in optical design for preventing reflection increases. That is, the reflectance at the opening can be further reduced as compared with the portion where the electrode film is present, and the transmittance of the entire touch panel can be improved. The antireflection film can be provided on the surface opposite to the electrode film of the first substrate or the second substrate. Of course, even if an antireflection film is provided on the surface of the first substrate or the second substrate on which the electrode film is formed, the above-described effects can be obtained. In addition, as a modification, it is also possible to provide a configuration in which an opening is provided only in one of the first electrode and the second electrode, and no opening is provided in the other, and an antireflection film is formed in the opening of one electrode. is there.

  In the present invention, the first substrate and the second substrate are configured to press the second substrate, and the opening area of the opening formed in the second electrode film is equal to that of the opening formed in the first electrode film. It may be larger than the opening area. This is because the visibility at the substrate on the viewing side is further improved because reflection at the interface between the electrode film and the substrate is reduced. As a configuration example, a flexible base material is selected as the second substrate, and a harder base material than the second substrate is selected as the first substrate. By doing so, the second substrate is easily bent by pressing, and the first substrate is difficult to deform.

  In the present invention, a spacer may be disposed corresponding to the opening formed in the first electrode film or the opening formed in the second electrode film. The spacer is provided to maintain a gap between the first substrate and the second substrate and restore the pressed substrate to its original state. By providing this spacer in correspondence with the opening formed in the electrode film, the contact between the electrode films can be prevented from being hindered by the spacer, so that more reliable position detection is possible. In particular, if a spacer is arranged at a position where the opening formed in the first electrode film and the opening formed in the second electrode film overlap in a plane, both the first electrode film and the second electrode film are used. A configuration in which the spacer does not come into contact is realized. In this case, the spacer may be fixed in the smaller one of the openings overlapping in plan view. This is because the spacer can be accommodated at the overlapping position of the openings even if a slight shift occurs when the first substrate and the second substrate are overlapped. Further, as a modification, it is possible to provide a configuration in which an opening is provided in one of the first electrode film and the second electrode film, and a spacer is disposed so as to correspond to the opening.

  Next, an electro-optical device according to the present invention is characterized in that a display area is arranged so as to overlap with any of the touch panels described above. By using the above touch panel, the display screen of the electro-optical panel can be brightened.

  The electro-optical device according to the aspect of the invention may further include a touch panel disposed on a display area in which a plurality of dots or pixels are arranged, the touch panel facing the first substrate and the first substrate. A first electrode film formed on the first substrate, and a second electrode film formed on the second substrate and facing the first electrode film, A plurality of openings are arranged in at least one of the first electrode film and the second electrode film, and the arrangement pitch of the plurality of dots or pixels is different from the arrangement pitch of the plurality of openings. It is characterized by. According to the electro-optical device of the present invention, since the pitch of the openings is different from the pitch of the dots or pixels, the occurrence of moire fringes can be prevented. Even if the pitch of the opening and the pitch of the dot or pixel are different, moire fringes may occur if the pitch of the opening is a divisor or a multiple of the pitch of the dot or pixel. . In that case, the pitch of the openings may be set avoiding a divisor or multiple of the dot or pixel pitch. When providing openings in both the first electrode film and the second electrode film, avoid the divisor or multiple (including 1) of the dot or pixel pitch and set the pitch of both openings. May be.

  According to another aspect of the invention, an electronic apparatus includes the electro-optical device described above. Examples of the electronic device include various electronic devices having a screen operation function including a touch panel, such as a car navigation device, a television receiver, a personal computer, and a home appliance.

[First Embodiment]
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a touch panel 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a section along a virtual vertical plane II of FIG. The touch panel 10 according to the present embodiment includes a first substrate 11 made of glass, hard plastic, or the like, and a second substrate 12 made of flexible plastic or the like, which is bonded to the first substrate 11 with a sealant 13 or the like. Are arranged opposite to each other with an interval therebetween. A light transmissive electrode film 14 is formed in a planar shape on the inner surface of the first substrate 11 (surface on the second substrate 12 side), and light is formed on the inner surface of the second substrate (surface on the first substrate 11 side). A transparent electrode film 15 is formed in a planar shape. These electrode films 14 and 15 are made of an appropriate light-transmitting conductor such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) or SnO ₂ .

  Terminals 14a and 14b are formed of both ends in the X direction of the electrode film 14 from an aluminum film or the like, and wirings 14xa and 14xb are drawn out from these terminals 14a and 14b, respectively. Also, terminals 15a and 15b are formed of aluminum film or the like at both ends of the electrode film 15 in the Y direction shown in the drawing and orthogonal to the X direction in the drawing, and the wirings 15ya and 15yb are drawn out from these terminals 15a and 15b, respectively. It is. These wirings 14xa, 14xb, 15ya, 15yb are wiring patterns of a wiring member 16 made of a flexible wiring board or the like mounted on the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 through an outer edge portion where the electrode films 14 and 15 are not formed. Are electrically connected to each other.

  A small spacer 17 (see FIG. 2) is dispersed between the electrode film 14 and the electrode film 15 to prevent unintentional contact due to bending of the second substrate 12 or the like. It is preferable that they are arranged. The spacer 17 is preferably fixed on at least one electrode or substrate. In the illustrated example, the spacers 17 are formed in a distributed manner on the first substrate 11. The spacer 17 is formed in a column shape.

An antireflection film 18 is formed on the outer surface of the first substrate 11 (surface opposite to the second substrate 12), and on the outer surface of the second substrate 12 (surface opposite to the first substrate 11). An antireflection film 19 is formed. These antireflection films 18 and 19 preferably have, for example, a multilayer structure in which at least two transparent layers having a difference in reflectivity, for example, SiO ₂ , TiO _2, etc., are laminated with an appropriate thickness. Without being limited to the multilayer structure, for example, the first substrate 11 or the second substrate 12 may be formed of a single layer thin film having a different refractive index. These antireflection films 18 and 19 reduce the reflected light on the inner and outer surfaces of the first substrate 11 or the second substrate 12 and the inner and outer surfaces of the electrode films 14 and 15 and reduce the transmittance due to these reflected lights. It is to suppress.

  The electrode film and the antireflection film are preferably formed on the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 by a vapor phase method such as sputtering, vapor deposition, ion plating, or CVD. Alternatively, it may be formed by a method other than the vapor phase method, such as applying a liquid coating liquid and curing it.

  3 is an enlarged partial plan view showing a part of the fluoroscopic area A shown in FIG. 2 in an enlarged manner, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial longitudinal sectional view showing an enlarged part of the fluoroscopic area A. In the present embodiment, a plurality of openings 14p and 15p are dispersedly formed on the planes in the electrode films 14 and 15, respectively. Each of the plurality of openings 14p has the same opening shape and opening area, and is distributed and formed at a uniform density at least in the see-through region A of the touch panel. The plurality of openings 15p also have the same opening shape and opening area, and are formed at a uniform density at least in the see-through region A of the touch panel. Specifically, the openings 14p and 15p have a rectangular shape (square shape) and are periodically arranged vertically and horizontally.

  By arranging the openings 14p and 15p periodically (at equal pitch) as described above, the uniformity of the resistance value per unit area of the electrode films 14 and 15 can be ensured. In addition, since the uniformity of light transmittance can be ensured, display unevenness can be reduced when stacked with a display device. In this case, when the openings 14p and 15p are periodically arranged, if the formation period of the openings is equal to the dot pitch or the pixel pitch of the display device, moire may be caused. It is preferable to determine in consideration of the pitch. That is, it is preferable to make the formation period of the openings 14p and 15p different from the dot pitch or the pixel pitch of the display device. Specifically, it is preferable to set the pitch of the openings 14p and 15p while avoiding a dot pitch or a divisor or a multiple (including 1) of the pixel pitch. Further, by arranging the openings 14p and 15p at unequal pitches, moire fringes can be prevented even if they do not coincide with the dot pitch or the pixel pitch.

  The opening shapes of the openings 14p and 15p are not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be any shape such as a circle, an ellipse, an oval, or a polygon.

  Each opening 14p is arranged so as to overlap with the opening 15p in a plan view. Since the opening 14p overlaps the opening 15p in a planar manner, an opening region where the electrode films 14 and 15 do not exist is formed, whereby the transmittance can be increased as a whole. Here, it is possible to configure the opening 14p and the opening 15p so as not to overlap each other in a planar manner. In this case, the pair of electrode films 14 and 15 can be brought into contact with each other. Since it is necessary to reduce the opening area and the number of openings in order to configure, it is disadvantageous in increasing the transmittance, so the above configuration is desirable.

  In particular, in the illustrated example, the opening range 14pa of the opening 14p is formed narrower than the opening range 15pa of the opening 15p, and is disposed within the opening range 15pa. Since the opening range 14pa is formed to be narrower than the opening range 15pa, the opening 14p and the opening 15p are formed even if a positional deviation in the plane direction occurs between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 due to bonding or the like. It can be configured to always overlap in a plane. In addition, if the positional deviation is within a certain range, the area where the openings overlap each other can be configured so as not to change. Therefore, the openings of the opening range 14pa and the opening range 15pa are taken into account in consideration of a bonding error between the two substrates. By setting the difference in area, variation in transmittance can be reduced and the yield of products can be increased.

  In the case of the illustrated example, the opening 14p and the opening 15p are similar to each other with different opening areas. Therefore, by positioning the positions of the centers of gravity on the plane of the opening range to coincide with each other during bonding, Even if a positional shift occurs in any direction, there is an effect that it is possible to suppress variation in transmittance and a decrease in yield.

  The opening areas of the openings 14p and 15p are not particularly limited, but the circle-equivalent diameter is preferably in the range of 5 μm to 500 μm. If the diameter in terms of the circle of the opening is less than 5 μm, patterning of the electrode film becomes difficult and the accuracy of the shape of the opening is reduced, which tends to cause problems such as difficulty in manufacturing and a decrease in yield. If the diameter exceeds 500 μm, the display image may be affected, and interference fringes may be generated or the image quality may be deteriorated and visibility may be reduced. When the circle-converted diameter is further increased, a tapered pressing tool such as a touch pen may be used. When used, it is conceivable that only the opening is pressed and the pair of electrode films are not in contact with each other. In particular, it is desirable to be within a range of 30 μm to 200 μm for the same manufacturing and optical reasons as described above. In the present embodiment, a square opening 14p having a side length of 40 μm is provided in the electrode film 14 and a square opening 15p having a length of 50 μm is provided in the electrode film 15 with a pitch length of 100 μm.

  The thickness of the electrode films 14 and 15 may normally be about 300 nm to 1000 nm. However, in the case of this embodiment, since the openings 14p and 15p are formed in the electrode films 14 and 15, the resistivity and the uniformity thereof are improved. In order to ensure, the thickness of the electrode films 14 and 15 is preferably 500 nm or more. Further, since the sizes of the opening 15p and the opening 14p are different, the resistance values per unit area are different when the electrode films 14 and 15 are formed with the same thickness. Therefore, the resistance values of the electrode film 14 and the electrode film 15 may be adjusted by changing the thicknesses of the electrode film 15 and the electrode film 14 as necessary. In the case of the present embodiment, since the opening 15p is larger than the opening 14p, the thickness of the electrode film 15 is preferably larger than the thickness of the electrode film 14.

  In the illustrated example, the spacer 17 is formed inside the opening 14p. Actually, although depending on the opening area of the opening, the spacer 17 is formed in a part of the openings 14p (opening range of the opening 15p) arranged at an appropriate interval among the plurality of openings 14p. The This makes it difficult to affect the contact state of the pair of electrode films 14 and 15. Further, since the spacer 17 can be directly formed on the first substrate 11, it is possible to improve the adhesion, and the tip of the spacer 17 abuts the inner surface of the second substrate 12 in the opening 15 p of the opposing electrode film 15. Therefore, the electrode film 15 can be prevented from being damaged, and the spacer height can be set regardless of the thickness of the electrode films 14 and 15. However, the spacer 17 may be formed within the formation range of the electrode films 14 and 15, or may be formed over both the formation range and the opening range of the opening. In these cases, a spacer is formed on one of the electrode films.

  In the present embodiment, since the plurality of openings 14p and 15p are dispersedly formed in the electrode films 14 and 15, according to the ratio of the total opening area of the plurality of openings 14p and 15p with respect to the transparent region A of the touch panel. The transmittance can be increased. Further, since the surfaces of the electrode films are formed in an uneven shape by providing the openings 14p and 15p, the pair of electrode films can be prevented from sticking to each other, thereby preventing sound generation at the time of separation.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the second embodiment showing an example in which the antireflection films 18 ′ and 19 ′ are formed on the inner surfaces of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. In this embodiment, an antireflection film 18 ′ is formed on the first substrate 11, and the electrode film 14 is laminated on the antireflection film 18 ′. Further, an antireflection film 19 ′ is formed on the second substrate 12, and an electrode film 15 is formed on the antireflection film 19 ′. The antireflection films 18 ′ and 19 ′ can be formed by laminating SiO ₂ , TiO ₂ , or the like, or forming a single layer, like the antireflection films 18 and 19. In this case, the electrode films 14 and 15 are provided with the openings 14p and 15p, so that the antireflection films 18 ′ and 19 ′ have an antireflection function for the surface reflection of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. Even if it is specialized, it is possible to obtain an effective action, so that the design of the antireflection film becomes easy and the degree of freedom in design increases.

  The antireflection films 18 'and 19' and the antireflection films 18 and 19 may be formed together. Further, the antireflection films 18 ′ and 19 ′ may be configured differently in the formation region of the electrode films 14 and 15 and the opening range of the openings 14 p and 15 p. The optical design in consideration of the presence of the electrode film in the formation region of the electrode film, and the optical design in which the presence of the electrode film is not considered in the above opening range, the reflectance is improved in both the formation region of the electrode film and the opening. It can be effectively reduced.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial plan view of the third embodiment, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial vertical sectional view of the third embodiment. In this embodiment, parts corresponding to those in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted. This embodiment shows an example in which an opening is formed only in one of a pair of electrode films and no opening is formed in the other.

  In the present embodiment, the electrode film 14 ′ on the first substrate 11 does not have an opening, but has a planar electrode structure formed entirely in the transparent region A (see FIG. 2). On the other hand, an opening 15p is formed in the electrode film 15 on the second substrate 12 as in the first embodiment.

  In this embodiment, since the opening 15p is formed only in one electrode film 15 and not in the other electrode film 14 ′, the degree of improvement in transmittance is not so great, but the contact between the pair of electrode films Is preferable in that it is reliably performed and the influence of the positional deviation between the two substrates is eliminated.

  In this embodiment, the opening 15p is formed in the viewing-side electrode film 15, and the opening is not formed in the non-viewing-side electrode film 14 ′. In this case, an opening may be provided in the electrode film 14 on the non-viewing side without forming an opening.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial longitudinal sectional view of the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, as in the second embodiment, antireflection films 18 'and 19' are formed on the inner surfaces of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, respectively, and electrodes similar to those in the third embodiment are formed thereon. Films 14 'and 15 are formed. These electrode films 14 'and 15 and antireflection films 18' and 19 'can be configured in the same manner as described in the above embodiments.

  In the case of the present embodiment, the antireflection film 18 ′ is designed so as to reduce the surface reflected light of both the first substrate 11 and the electrode film 14 ′, and the reflection on the electrode film 15 provided with the opening 15p. It is preferable to design the prevention film 19 ′ so that the surface reflection light of the second substrate 12 can be reduced.

[Electro-optical device]
Next, a configuration of an embodiment of the electro-optical device including the touch panel will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the electro-optical device according to the present embodiment. The present embodiment includes an electro-optical panel 20 that includes a display region B that overlaps with the see-through region A of the touch panel 10 having the above configuration.

  In the electro-optical panel 20, a substrate 21 and a substrate 22 made of glass, plastic, or the like are bonded together via a sealing material (not shown), and an electro-optical material such as liquid crystal (not shown) is disposed therebetween. Further, at least one of the substrates 21 and 22 is used to apply an electric field to the electro-optic material. Further, a substrate overhanging portion is formed on the substrate 21 so as to protrude outward from the outer shape of the substrate 22, and a driving circuit 23 made of a semiconductor IC chip or the like and a wiring member 24 made of a flexible wiring board or the like are formed on the substrate overhanging portion. Has been implemented.

  An illuminating device that constitutes a backlight is disposed behind the electro-optical panel 20 (on the opposite viewing side). Specifically, the lighting device includes a light source 31 and a light guide plate 33, and after light emitted from the light emission surface 31a of the light source 31 enters the light incident surface 33a and propagates through the light guide plate 33, The planar illumination light is emitted from the light emitting surface 33b and is obtained. The light source 31 is composed of an LED or the like, and preferably a plurality of light sources 31 are mounted on a light source substrate 32. On the back surface 33c of the light guide plate 33, a reflection sheet 34 made of white polyethylene or the like is disposed. Further, optical sheets such as a light diffusing plate 35 and light collecting sheets 36 and 37 are laminated on the light emitting surface 33 b of the light guide plate 33. In addition, the light guide plate 33 is formed so that the thickness of the light incident surface 33a is increased corresponding to the thickness of the light emitting surface 31a of the light source 31 while reducing the thickness of the portion where the light emitting surface 33b is provided. An inclined surface portion 33d is formed between the surface 33a and the light emitting surface 33b.

  In the present embodiment, a light shielding sheet 38 is formed on the light emitting side of the illumination device, and the electro-optical panel 20 is disposed via the light shielding sheet 38. The light shielding sheet 38 is configured to shield unnecessary light outside the illumination range that can reliably illuminate the entire display area B.

  A light shielding sheet 28 is also disposed between the viewing-side touch panel 10 and the electro-optical panel 20 so as to shield unnecessary light other than the see-through area A and the display area B.

  According to this embodiment, since the see-through area A of the touch panel 10 is arranged on the display image formed by the electro-optical panel 20, a predetermined location in the see-through area A is pressed corresponding to the content of the display image. Thus, the pressed state and its position are detected.

  FIG. 10 shows an example of the positional relationship between the dot arrangement of the electro-optical panel 20 and the openings 14p and 15p provided in the electrode films 14 and 15. In this example, the touch panel described in the first embodiment is used. The electro-optical panel 20 includes dots 25 arranged in a matrix with a vertical pitch P1 = 220 μm and a horizontal pitch P2 = 220 μm. On the other hand, the openings 14p and 15p provided in the electrode films 14 and 15 are arranged with a vertical pitch P1 '= 100 μm and a horizontal pitch P2 ′ = 100 μm. In this example, the pitches of the openings 14p and the openings 15p are equal. Since the arrangement pitches P1 and P2 'of the openings 14p and 15p are different from the dot pitch P1 and the horizontal pitch P2 of the electro-optical panel 20, moire fringes are not generated and a good image is obtained.

  In the present embodiment, the sizes of the openings 14p and 15p are set smaller than the dot size of the electro-optical panel. Since portions other than the openings 14p and 15p can be made to correspond to each dot of the electro-optical panel, position detection with high accuracy can be performed for each dot.

  In the present embodiment, the dot pitch, which is the minimum unit of display, is different from the pitch of the openings. In the case of performing color display on the electro-optical panel, one pixel may be constituted by a plurality of dots, for example, three dots of RGB. In that case, the same effect as this embodiment can be obtained by making the pixel pitch different from the pitch of the openings 14p and 15p.

  By the way, even when the pitch of the opening is different from the dot or pixel pitch, moire fringes may occur when the pitch of the opening is a divisor or a multiple of the pitch of the dot or pixel. In that case, the pitch of the openings may be set while avoiding divisors or multiples (including 1) of the pitch of dots or pixels.

  In addition to the example shown in FIG. 10, the dot pitch or the pixel pitch and the opening pitch are different even when a touch panel in which an opening is provided only in one of the electrode films as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is used. Alternatively, moire fringes can be prevented by setting the pitch of the openings while avoiding a divisor or multiple of the dot pitch or pixel pitch.

  Further, by arranging both of the plurality of openings 14p and 15p or one of them at an unequal pitch, the pitch of the pixels may not coincide with the pitch of the openings. In that case, the sizes of the plurality of openings 14p or the openings 15p may be different.

  As the electro-optical panel 20, various display panels such as an electrophoretic panel and an organic EL panel can be used in addition to a liquid crystal panel. In the present embodiment, an example in which the touch panel 10 is overlapped with the electro-optical panel 20 has been described, but the touch panel 10 and the electro-optical panel 20 are integrated, for example, a first substrate of the touch panel 10 is provided. The present invention can also be applied to an electro-optical device shared with the substrate 22 of the electro-optical panel.

[Electronics]
Finally, an example of an electronic apparatus equipped with the electro-optical device will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view showing an appearance of an example of an electronic apparatus according to the present invention. The electronic apparatus 1000 in the illustrated example is an in-vehicle car navigation system, and includes a main body 1010 and a display unit 1020 connected to the main body 1010. The main body 1010 is provided with an operation surface 1011 provided with operation buttons and the like, and a storage unit 1012 for a recording medium such as a DVD or HD. The electro-optical device 100 is stored inside the display unit 1020, and the display by the electro-optical device 100, that is, the display of the navigation image can be viewed on the display screen 1020a of the display unit 1020.

  The touch panel 10 of each of the above embodiments is exposed on the surface of the display unit 1020. By pressing this touch panel 10, it is detected that a predetermined position corresponding to the content of the display image has been pressed and its position is detected. It has become. Then, predetermined internal processing is performed according to the detection and the position, and the display image is changed according to the detection position when necessary.

  It should be noted that the electro-optical device and the electronic apparatus of the present invention are not limited to the illustrated examples described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The schematic exploded perspective view which shows typically the structure of each embodiment of a touch panel. The schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows typically the structure of each embodiment of a touch panel. FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged partial plan view schematically showing the internal structure of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged partial longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the internal structure of the first embodiment. The general | schematic expanded partial longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows typically the internal structure of 2nd Embodiment. The general expansion partial top view which shows typically the internal structure of 3rd Embodiment. The general | schematic expansion partial longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows typically the internal structure of 3rd Embodiment. The general | schematic expansion partial longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows typically the internal structure of 4th Embodiment. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of an electro-optical device. FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged partial plan view of the electro-optical device. The schematic perspective view which shows an example of an electronic device. The general | schematic expanded partial longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows typically the internal structure of the conventional touch panel.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Touch panel, 11 ... 1st board | substrate, 12 ... 2nd board | substrate, 13 ... Sealing material, 14 ... Electrode film, 14p ... Opening part, 14pa ... Opening range, 15 ... Electrode film, 15p ... Opening part, 15pa ... Opening range , 16 ... wiring member, 17 ... spacer, 18, 19 ... antireflection film, 20 ... electro-optical panel, 25 ... dot, 100 ... electro-optical device, A ... see-through area, B ... display area.

Claims (16)

A first substrate;
A second substrate facing the first substrate;
A first electrode film formed on the first substrate;
A second electrode film formed on the second substrate and facing the first electrode film,
An opening is formed in each of the first electrode film and the second electrode film, and the opening formed in the first electrode film and the opening formed in the second electrode film include A touch panel characterized by overlapping in plan and having different opening areas.   The touch panel as set forth in claim 1, wherein each of the first electrode film and the second electrode film is formed with a plurality of openings.   The opening range of the one opening is smaller than the opening range of the other opening, and the opening range of the one opening is included in the opening range of the other opening. The touch panel described.   The touch panel according to claim 3, wherein the one opening and the other opening are similar to each other.   The first substrate and the second substrate are configured to press the second substrate, and an opening area of the opening formed in the first electrode film is formed in the second electrode film. The touch panel according to claim 3, wherein the touch panel is smaller than an opening area of the opening.   The touch panel according to claim 5, wherein the second substrate includes a flexible base material, and the first substrate is harder than the second substrate.   The opening range of the one opening formed in the first electrode film is included in the opening range of the one opening formed in the second electrode film, and is formed in the second electrode film. 3. The touch panel according to claim 2, wherein an opening range of the other opening is included in an opening range of the other opening formed in the first electrode film.   The touch panel according to claim 1, wherein an antireflection film is formed in at least one of the openings.   2. The touch panel according to claim 1, wherein spacers are arranged corresponding to the openings formed in the first electrode film or the openings formed in the second electrode film.   10. The spacer according to claim 9, wherein a spacer is disposed at a position where the opening formed in the first electrode film and the opening formed in the second electrode film overlap in a plane. Touch panel. A first substrate;
A second substrate facing the first substrate;
A first electrode film formed on the first substrate;
A second electrode film formed on the second substrate and facing the first electrode film,
An opening is formed in at least one of the first electrode film and the second electrode film, and a spacer is disposed corresponding to the opening.   An opening is formed in each of the first electrode film and the second electrode film, and the opening formed in the first electrode film and the opening formed in the second electrode film include The touch panel according to claim 11, wherein the spacer is arranged at a position overlapping in a plane. The opening area of the opening formed in the first electrode film is smaller than the opening area of the opening formed in the second electrode film,
The touch panel according to claim 12, wherein the spacer member is provided on the first substrate side.   An electro-optical device, wherein a display region is arranged so as to overlap the touch panel according to claim 1. An electro-optical device in which a touch panel is arranged so as to overlap a display area in which a plurality of dots or pixels are arranged,
The touch panel
A first substrate;
A second substrate facing the first substrate;
A first electrode film formed on the first substrate;
A second electrode film formed on the second substrate and facing the first electrode film,
A plurality of openings are arranged in at least one of the first electrode film and the second electrode film, and the arrangement pitch of the plurality of dots or pixels is different from the arrangement pitch of the plurality of openings. An electro-optical device.   An electronic apparatus comprising the electro-optical device according to claim 15.

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