JP2008288605A - Operation device, and switchgear using the operation device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation device including a permanent magnet arranged on a magnetic circuit other than the magnetic circuit generated by an exciting coil, thereby reducing the occurrence of eddy current, so as to solve the problem associated with the operation device for driving a switchgear used in the conventional power transmission and distribution systems, that the eddy current generated by turning on/off an excitation power supply generates eddy current and impairs response characteristics of the operation device and gives adverse influence on the power supply because a permanent magnet to retain a moving member onto a yoke is arranged on a magnetic circuit generated by the exciting coil for driving the moving member. <P>SOLUTION: In a first yoke, a moving member going to and from in a first direction, and first and second coils are arranged. A second yoke energized in a second direction is provided. A permanent magnet is arranged on a second yoke to face the moving member. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an operating device for driving a switch used in a power transmission / distribution system, and a switch device using the operating device.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an outline of a conventional switchgear 500 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
In the figure, 100 is an operating device, and 200 is a switch that is directly connected to the operating device 100 and opens and closes an electric circuit. Reference numerals 300 and 301 denote springs, which are provided at two locations above and below the operating device 100, and assist the opening and closing drive when the operating device 100 performs the opening and closing drive of the switch 200.
As shown in FIG. 18, the operating device 100 includes a yoke 250 in which left and right yokes 201 and 202 and upper and lower yokes 203 and 204 are integrally punched and laminated, and pole portions of the left and right yokes. Permanent magnets 205 attached via solid inner yokes 201b and 202b respectively provided on 201a and 202a, a mover 206 capable of moving a predetermined stroke in the yoke 250, first and second coils 207, 208. The first and second coils 207 and 208 have the same magnetomotive force (AT). The movable element 206 is provided with a rod 209 that passes through the upper and lower yokes 203 and 204 and is connected to the switch 200. A gap g is provided between the permanent magnet 205 and the mover 206. Further, FIG. 18 shows an example in which a switch 200 is provided at the top of the figure, and its mounting position is different from FIG.
It is assumed that the movable element 206 is held by, for example, the first portion 203 a of the upper yoke 203 by a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 205. By exciting the second coil 208 so as to have the same polarity as that of the permanent magnet, the movable element 206 held by the upper yoke 203 cancels the holding force and moves a predetermined stroke toward the lower yoke 204 side. When the second yoke 208 is reached and the excitation of the second coil 208 is stopped, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 205 is held by the second portion 204a of the lower yoke 204. The predetermined stroke length is a value necessary for opening the contact 210 of the switch 200, for example. In the example shown in FIG. 18, the mover 206 is held by the second portion 204 a of the lower yoke 204, and has a gap G corresponding to the stroke between the upper yoke 203. The spring 301 shown in FIG. 19 assists in driving to open the contact of the switch 200 via the rod 209 when the second coil 208 is excited to start the movement of the mover 206. When the contact is closed from the state shown in FIG. 18, the upper spring 300 assists.
Next, when the first coil 207 is similarly excited, the mover 206 moves to the upper yoke 203 side shown in FIG. 18 to close the contact point 210 of the switch 200 and the first portion 203a of the upper yoke 203. Retained.

Next, the operating principle of the mover 206 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 17 shows an example in which a switch 200 is provided at the top of the figure, and the position is different from that of FIG. 19 described above.
(1) In FIG. 17A, the contact 210 is in a closed state, the movable element 206 is held by the first portion 203a of the upper yoke 203, and the first and second coils 207 and 208 are excited. This is the case. Here, N in the figure indicates the pole that the magnet creates on the surface of the mover 206, and S indicates the polarity that the magnet creates on the surfaces of the pole portions 201a and 202a. In this state, the permanent magnet 205 forms two magnetic circuits _{L 1} and _{L 2,} to generate a [Phi _PM2 and respective magnetic flux [Phi _PM1. Towards the [Phi _PM1 path _{(L 1)} is Φ _PM1 »Φ _PM2 for reluctance is low. Therefore, a suction force is generated between the mover 206 and the upper yoke 203. Here, attraction force F = Φ ² / S / μ ₀ = Bg ² S / μ ₀ , Bg is the magnetic flux density in the gap, and S is the area where the mover 206 and the upper yoke 203 are in contact.
(2) Next, when the second coil 208 is excited, magnetic fluxes Φcoil _2-1 and Φcoil _2-2 are generated as shown in FIG. When combined with the magnetic fluxes Φ _PM1 and Φ _PM2 generated by the permanent magnet 205 and Φ _PM2 + Φcoil _2-1 > Φ _PM1 −Φcoil _2-2 , a force for pulling the mover 206 in the direction of the lower yoke 204 is generated. To do.
(3) When the mover 206 moves away from the upper yoke 203, Φ _PM2 + Φcoil _2-1 >> Φ _PM1 −Φcoil _2-2 , so that the mover 206 moves by a predetermined stroke as shown in FIG. To reach the second portion 204a of the lower yoke 204.
(4) Here, when the excitation of the second coil 208 is stopped, Φ _PM1 << Φ _PM2 , and the movable element 206 is held by the second portion 204a of the lower yoke 204 as shown in FIG. .

  As described above, when the mover 206 moves by a predetermined stroke in the yoke 250, the contact 210 of the switch 200 attached to the rod 209 directly connected to the mover 206 is opened to thereby open the power transmission / distribution system. Current interruption is performed.

In order to change the contact 210 shown in FIG. 17C from the open state to the contact 210 closed state shown in FIG. 17A, the first coil 207 is excited to move the mover according to the same principle as described above. 206 moves in the direction of the upper yoke 203, the excitation of the first coil 207 is stopped, and the mover 206 is held by the first portion 203a of the upper yoke 203 by the magnetic flux _ΦPM1 of the permanent magnet 205, and the switch 200 The contact 210 is closed and a current is supplied.

EP 0 721 650 B1

As described above, in the operating device 100 used in the conventional opening / closing device 500, the permanent magnet 205 for holding the mover 206 at the first or second portion is provided with the pole 201a via the solid inner yokes 201b and 202b. 202a, the permanent magnet 205 and the inner yoke 201b are turned on by turning on and off the excitation power supply (not shown) because they are present on the magnetic circuit formed by the coils 207 and 208 for driving the mover 206. An eddy current is generated in 202b.
This eddy current not only impairs the response characteristics of the operating device 200, but also has the problem of increasing the size of the excitation power source and increasing the cost.

The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and adopts a configuration in which generation of eddy currents is reduced by providing a permanent magnet on a magnetic circuit different from the magnetic circuit that drives the mover. did.
That is, the first yoke shares the mover driving magnetic circuit by coil excitation, and the second yoke shares the mover holding magnetic circuit by the permanent magnet, thereby improving response characteristics and reducing the size and cost. Provided are an operating device and a switching device provided with a power source.

  An operating device according to the present invention includes a first yoke, a mover provided in the first yoke and reciprocating in a first direction, and a second yoke to which a permanent magnet is attached. One yoke is provided with at least one coil, and has first and second portions that come into contact with the mover. The mover is formed by magnetic flux generated by energizing the coil. The first yoke is driven in a first direction that is the axial direction by the force caused by the first magnetic circuit, and the first yoke is formed by laminating magnetic materials in a direction orthogonal to the mover axial direction. The second yoke has a laminated surface facing portion facing the laminated surface of the first yoke and a movable member facing portion facing the mover, and is formed by a magnetic flux generated by a permanent magnet. The magnetic circuit of the second yoke has a laminated surface facing portion of the second yoke. A second face that passes through the second yoke and faces the mover, and is connected to the first magnetic circuit via the laminated surface facing part and the mover facing part of the second yoke. A permanent magnet is attached to any part of the yoke, and the mover is held by the first part or the second part of the first yoke by the force resulting from the second magnetic circuit. .

  The permanent magnet of the second yoke is provided on the laminated surface facing portion or the mover surface facing portion.

  Further, when the mover is held by the first portion of the first yoke, the second gap G2 is provided between the end of the mover contacting the first yoke of the mover and the second portion. When the mover is held by the second part of the first yoke, the second part is in contact with the first yoke of the mover between the first part and the second part. A first gap G1 different from the gap G2 is provided.

  The second yoke is disposed in the first direction, which is the mover axial direction, on the surface of the laminated first yoke.

  The second yoke is disposed in the second direction orthogonal to the first direction which is the moving element driving direction on the surface of the first yoke.

  The second yoke has a laminated structure of magnetic materials.

  The thickness dimension in the first direction at the second portion of the first yoke is smaller than the thickness dimension in the first direction at the first portion of the first yoke.

  In addition, when the mover is held by the first yoke at the first part or the second part, the first yoke has a gap locally on the surface where the mover and the first yoke are in contact with each other. A stepped shape is provided on the surface.

  The second yoke is provided with a permanent magnet on the surface facing the mover. Further, the second yoke is provided with a jack bolt. By operating the jack bolt, the permanent magnet and the mover And a thin magnetic plate is provided between the first yoke and the laminated surface facing portion of the second yoke.

  Further, the first yoke is provided with a first coil and a second coil, and by energizing the first coil, the movable element is brought into contact with the first portion of the first yoke. And the movable element is driven so as to be in contact with the second portion of the first yoke by energizing the second coil.

  Further, the magnetomotive forces of the first coil and the second coil are different.

  In addition, at least one coil is formed of a plurality of windings.

  In addition, the cross-sectional area of the end of the mover that contacts the first yoke of the mover is smaller than the cross-sectional area of an arbitrary cross section of the mover other than the end of the mover and parallel to the surface of the end of the mover. Is.

  The mover has a laminated structure.

  Further, the stack structure of the mover is a structure fastened by a solid end plate.

  Further, the permanent magnet of the second yoke is disposed between the members constituting the second yoke in the second yoke.

  An operating mechanism for driving the mover in the first direction is provided between the first part or the second part with which the mover of the first yoke contacts and the mover.

  The switchgear according to the present invention includes a switch and an operating device that drives the switch to open and close, and the operating device uses any of the operating devices according to the present invention.

Since the present invention is an operating device having the configuration as described above and an opening / closing device using the operating device, the following effects can be obtained.
A first yoke, a mover provided in the first yoke and reciprocating in the first direction, and a second yoke to which a permanent magnet is attached are provided. And the first and second parts with which the mover contacts, and the mover is caused by the first magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic flux generated by energizing the coil. The first yoke is driven by force in the first direction, and the first yoke is formed by laminating magnetic materials in a direction orthogonal to the mover axial direction, and the second yoke is A second magnetic circuit having a laminate surface facing portion facing the laminate surface of the first yoke and a mover facing portion facing the mover, and formed by magnetic flux generated by a permanent magnet, Moveable through the yoke's laminated surface facing part and the second yoke In any part of the second yoke so as to be connected to the first magnetic circuit via the laminated surface facing portion and the mover facing portion of the second yoke. Since the magnet is mounted and the mover is held by the first part or the second part of the first yoke by the force caused by the second magnetic circuit, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet The first magnetic circuit formed by the first yoke, the second yoke, and the second magnetic circuit formed by the mover are separated from the first magnetic circuit formed by coil excitation, and the first yoke is Since it is formed by laminating magnetic materials, it is possible to reduce the generation of eddy currents in the magnetic path generated during coil excitation, and the control characteristics of the operating device associated therewith are improved. Furthermore, the coil excitation power source is small and has an excellent effect of being low cost.

  In addition, since the permanent magnet of the second yoke is provided on the laminated surface facing portion or the movable member surface facing portion, the second magnetic circuit formed of this permanent magnet is formed by coil excitation as described above. Separated from the first magnetic circuit to be formed, the eddy current loss generated in the magnetic path during coil excitation is reduced, and the control characteristics of the operating device are improved.

  Further, when the mover is held by the first portion of the first yoke, the second gap G2 is provided between the end of the mover contacting the first yoke of the mover and the second portion. When the mover is held by the second part of the first yoke, the second part is in contact with the first yoke of the mover between the first part and the second part. Since the first gap G1 different from the gap is provided, the holding force can be optimized and the control characteristics of the operating device can be improved.

  Further, since the second yoke is arranged in the first direction which is the direction of the mover axis on the laminated surface of the first yoke, the first and second magnetic circuits are clearly divided. In addition, the coil can be supported by the second yoke, so that an operating device having a simple and stronger coil support structure can be obtained.

  Further, since the second yoke is arranged in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction which is the moving element driving direction on the laminated surface of the first yoke, the depth of the operating device is added to the above. The direction dimension can be reduced.

  Furthermore, since the second yoke has a magnetic laminated structure, the generation of eddy current can be further reduced.

  In addition, since the thickness dimension in the first direction at the second portion of the first yoke is smaller than the thickness dimension in the first direction at the first portion of the first yoke, the mover and the first The magnetic attractive force between the yokes can be optimized, and an excellent effect of improving the control characteristics of the operating device is achieved.

  Still further, when the mover is held by the first yoke at the first portion or the second portion, the first contact portion has a gap locally on the surface where the mover contacts the first yoke. Since the yoke surface has a stepped shape, the holding force for holding the mover can be adjusted.

  Further, the second yoke is provided with a permanent magnet on the face of the mover, and the second yoke is provided with a jack bolt. By operating the jack bolt, the permanent magnet and the mover are provided. Since the magnetic thin plate is provided between the first yoke and the laminated surface facing portion of the second yoke, the gap between the permanent magnet and the mover is variable, The holding force for holding the mover can be adjusted.

  Still further, the first yoke is provided with a first coil and a second coil. When the first coil is energized, the mover is brought into contact with the first portion of the first yoke. Since the movable element is driven so as to be in contact with the second portion of the first yoke by energizing the second coil and energizing the second coil, the control device can be controlled in various ways.

  Further, since the magnetomotive forces of the first coil and the second coil are different, the power source can be optimized and the coil and the operating device can be downsized.

  Furthermore, since at least one coil is formed of a plurality of windings, the control of the operating device can be varied.

  In addition, the cross-sectional area of the end of the mover that contacts the first yoke of the mover is smaller than the cross-sectional area of an arbitrary cross section of the mover other than the end of the mover and parallel to the surface of the end of the mover. Since it is a structure, the magnetic attraction force between a needle | mover and a 1st yoke can be optimized, and there exists an outstanding effect that the control characteristic of an operating device is improved.

  Furthermore, since the mover has a laminated structure, generation of eddy current can be reduced.

  Moreover, since the laminated structure of the mover is a structure fastened by a solid end plate, there is an excellent effect that the suction force increases and the mover becomes stronger.

  Further, since the permanent magnet of the second yoke is disposed between the members constituting the second yoke in the second yoke, the second magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet is used. The first magnetic circuit formed by coil excitation is separated from the eddy current generated in the second yoke, and the control characteristics of the operating device are improved.

  Furthermore, an operating mechanism for driving the mover in the first direction is provided between the first part or the second part with which the mover of the first yoke contacts and the mover. The power supply can be reduced in size and the control response characteristics can be improved.

  In addition, since the switchgear includes a switch and an operation device that drives the switch to open and close, and uses the above-described operation device, the switchgear includes an operation device with improved control characteristics. Three-phase collective operation of switchgear used in three-phase circuits, individual operation of each phase and contact switching response characteristics of single-phase circuit switchgear, and a small and inexpensive coil excitation power supply There is an excellent effect that a switchgear can be provided.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
Hereinafter, an operating device 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a sketch showing the main components of the operating device 100, and FIG. 2 is a sketch after the mounting. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing the yoke and the mover viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG.
In the figure, 1 is a first yoke, 1a is an upper yoke, 1b is a lower yoke, 1c is a side yoke, 2 is a mover, 3 is a first coil, 4 is a second coil, and 5 is a second yoke. , 6 are permanent magnets, 7 is a pole, 8 is a first part, and 9 is a second part. A rod 209 is connected to the mover 2 through the upper and lower yokes 1 a and 1 b and is connected to the contact 210 of the switch 200.
The first yoke 1 is formed by laminating an electromagnetic thin steel plate punched out by combining an upper yoke 1a, a lower yoke 1b, a side yoke 1c and a pole 7. The upper yoke 1a has a first portion 8 that is held in contact with the movable element 2, and the lower yoke 1b also has a similar second portion 9.
In the first yoke 1, a mover 2 capable of reciprocating a predetermined stroke and first and second coils 3 and 4 are provided in a first direction corresponding to the vertical direction in FIG. Yes. A pair of second yokes 5 are provided in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction so as to be in contact with each other with the side yoke 1c interposed therebetween.
The mover 2 has an electromagnetic thin steel plate or a laminated structure of thin steel plates, and a rod 209 connected to the switch 200 is provided. A gap g is provided between the mover 2 and the pole 7. The paired second yoke 5 is made of a solid steel plate and has a rectangular structure, and is attached to the side yoke 1c with a bolt or a fastening bracket (not shown). The permanent magnet 6 is provided at the center in the longitudinal direction of the second yoke 5 and is arranged so as to face the movable element 2 with a gap g in the assembled state.
Here, FIG. 3A shows a state in which the mover 2 is held by the permanent magnet 6 provided on the second yoke 5 in contact with the first portion 8 of the upper yoke 1a.
Further, this state is a state where the contact point 210 of the switch 200 is closed. On the other hand, FIG. 3B shows a state in which the mover 2 is similarly held in contact with the second portion 9 of the lower yoke 1b, and the contact point 210 of the switch 200 is open. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the gap between the end face of the movable element 2 and the first portion G of the upper yoke 1a is between the first gap G1 and the second portion 9 of the lower yoke 1b. Is provided with a second gap G2.

Next, a magnetic circuit formed by the first yoke 1 and the second yoke 5 will be described. In the first yoke 1, the magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit generated by exciting the first coil 3 or the second coil 4 with an excitation power source of a coil (not shown) passes through the yoke 1 and the mover 2. . This corresponds to, for example, Φcoil _2-1 and Φcoil _2-2 in FIG. 17B shown in the prior art and FIG. 8B described later.
The mover 2 is reciprocated in the first direction of the yoke 1 by the magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit in the stroke G1 and the stroke G2-t. Here, when the switch 200 is to be operated from the closed state of the contact 210 in FIG. 3A to the open state of the contact 210 in FIG. 3B, the second state as shown in FIG. The coils 4 are excited to generate Φcoil _2-1 and Φcoil _2-2 , and the mover 2 moves from the first part 8 of the upper yoke 1a to the second part 9 of the lower yoke 1b by a predetermined stroke, that is, G2-. It is driven by a distance corresponding to t.
Further, the closed state of FIG. 3A from the open state of the contact 210 of FIG. 3B is made by exciting the first coil 3 and driving the mover 2. As described above, the yoke 1 has a function of forming a magnetic path through which the magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit generated by exciting the first coil 3 or the second coil 4 passes. Therefore, in order to reduce the eddy current generated in the yoke 1 due to coil excitation, the yoke 1 employs a laminated structure of electromagnetic thin steel plates.
Further, the mover 2 has a laminated structure of electromagnetic thin steel plates for the same reason, and has a strong structure with fastening bolts 11 via a steel plate end plate 10 as shown in FIG.
Here, each of the first and second coils 3 and 4 may be formed of a coil composed of a plurality of windings, and further for driving the mover 2. As described above, the first and second coils may not be specified as described above, and a plurality of these coils may be provided in accordance with the control characteristics of the operating device. The position may be a configuration in which, for example, a third coil that functions as the first coil is provided at a portion where the second coil 4 is installed.

The second yoke 5 is attached in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction as shown in FIG. 1, and the magnetic flux path of the second magnetic circuit by the permanent magnet 6 is the second yoke → Side yoke → upper or lower yoke → mover → permanent magnet → second yoke.
That is, the second yoke 5 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a function of handling a magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 passes, including all of the second to sixth embodiments described later. It does not have the function of the first magnetic circuit through which the magnetic flux produced by the first or second coil passes. That is, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 9 and 10 described later, the permanent magnet is provided on the second magnetic circuit made up of the first yoke, the second yoke and the mover excluding the first magnetic circuit. It has been. Accordingly, the second yoke 5 is made of a solid steel plate, but it is not always necessary to have this structure, and an electromagnetic thin steel plate or a laminated structure of thin steel plates is adopted in consideration of the manufacturing method and cost. Also good. Moreover, although the 1st yoke 1 and the needle | mover 2 were made into the lamination | stacking of an electromagnetic thin steel plate, the lamination | stacking of a thin steel plate may be sufficient. Furthermore, although the second yoke 5 is a pair of yokes, it is not always necessary to have a pair, and a configuration in which the second yoke 5 is provided on one side of the first yoke 1 may be used.

Next, the structure of the mover 2 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, it corresponds to both end portions 2b of the mover 2 in the first direction, that is, the portion in contact with the first portion 8 or the second portion 9 of the yoke, but has a trapezoidal shape. In other words, the cross-sectional area through which the magnetic flux passes through the end portion 2b is smaller than the cross-sectional area through which the magnetic flux passes through the general portion 2a other than the end portion 2b (in an arbitrary cross section of the mover parallel to the surface of the end portion). By adopting such a structure, it is possible to optimize the magnetic attractive force generated by the coil between the mover 2 and the first or second portion 8 or 9 of the yoke. Control characteristics are improved. In addition, although both ends 2b showed the trapezoidal shape in FIG. 4, it is not limited to this, but the end 2b of the mover 2 has a smaller cross-sectional area through which the magnetic flux passes than the general portion 2a. If it is.
Moreover, although it was set as the structure which provides the steel plate end plate 10 at both ends as shown in FIG. 4, the structure provided in three places of both ends and a center part may be sufficient.

Next, other embodiments of the mover 2 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5A, the end plate 10a is provided with an opening 10b in which a part thereof is cut out. Details of the operating device according to FIG. 5 will be described in the second embodiment. The reason why the opening 10b is provided is that when the movable element 2c is held by the second portion 9 (opened state), the holding force may be small as described above. 9 is to increase the gap between the permanent magnet 6 and the mover 2c when the mover 2c is held, thereby reducing the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 6 to the mover 2c. Accordingly, the opening 10b has a size corresponding to the size of the permanent magnet 6 or a size corresponding to the size of the permanent magnet 6 at a position facing the permanent magnet 6 when the movable element 2c is positioned in the second portion 9. It is.

Details of the structure of the mover 2c will be described below with reference to FIG.
6A is a cross-sectional side view of the movable element 2c, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 6A. FIG. 6C is a diagram showing a state in which concave portions 2e provided on a laminated plate 2d described later are overlapped.
The movable element 2c has a rectangular parallelepiped movable iron core 16 screwed and fixed to the movable shaft 209, and a laminated portion 2f obtained by laminating a laminated plate 2d made of a bowl-shaped thin plate fixed to the movable iron core 16, and It is comprised from the end plate 10a which fastens this laminated part 2f. The laminate 2d is provided with a recess 2e. When the laminates 2e are stacked, the recesses 2e are overlapped with each other to ensure the accuracy of the laminate dimensions and to prevent slippage against the mechanical external force applied to the laminate 2d. .
Further, the end plate 10a is provided with an end plate end portion 10c at a location away from the end surface 2g of the laminated portion 2f. By providing such an end plate end portion 10c, the end portion stress generated in the laminated plate 2d can be relieved.

Next, although the operating principle of the operating device 100 is the same as that shown in the prior art, it will be described again with reference to FIGS. 8 (a) to 8 (c).
(1) In FIG. 8A, the contact 210 of the switch 200 is closed, and the mover 2 is held by the first portion 8 of the first yoke 1, and the first and second coils 3 are shown. 4 is not excited. In this state, the permanent magnets 6 forms two magnetic circuits _{L 1} and _{L 2,} to generate a [Phi _PM2 and respective magnetic flux [Phi _PM1. Magnetic circuit _{L 2} in the FIGS. 3 (a) to lower Φ _PM1 »Φ _PM2 next than the magnetic resistance it is of [Phi _PM2 path [Phi _PM1 to have a gap G1 as shown, the mover 2 A suction force is generated between the yokes 1. This suction force is represented by a conventional example.
(2) When the second coil 4 is excited so as to have the same polarity as the permanent magnet 6, magnetic fluxes Φcoil _2-1 and Φcoil _2-2 are generated as shown in FIG. When combined with the magnetic fluxes Φ _PM1 and Φ _PM2 generated by the permanent magnet 6 and Φ _PM2 + Φcoil _2-1 > Φ _PM1 −Φcoil _2-2 , the mover 2 is moved in the direction of the second portion 9 of the yoke 1. Pulling force is generated.
(3) When the mover 2 moves away from the first portion 8 of the yoke 1, Φ _PM2 + Φcoil _2-1 >> Φ _PM1 −Φcoil _2-2 , so that the mover 2 is shown in FIG. A predetermined stroke is moved to reach the second portion 9 of the yoke 1.
(4) When the excitation of the second coil 4 is stopped here, the movable element 2 is held in the second portion 9 of the yoke 1 as shown in FIG.
(5) Next, when trying to drive the mover 2 from the state of FIG. 8C to the state of FIG. 8A, by exciting the first coil 3, The mover 2 moves a predetermined stroke.

As described above, when the mover 2 moves in the yoke 1, the contact point 210 of the switch 200 connected to the mover 2 is opened and closed, and the electric current transmission and distribution system is cut off and turned on.
Here, the first gap G1 and the second gap G2 of the first embodiment will be described in detail.
The first gap G1 is a gap between the mover 2 and the first portion 8 of the upper yoke 1a, and the second gap G2 is a gap between the mover 2 and the second portion 9 of the lower yoke 1b. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the gap G2-t is a gap between the mover and the spacer 13 made of a nonmagnetic material such as aluminum, SUS, or copper provided on the lower yoke 1b. .
Here, the first gap G1 and the second gap G2 are referred to as magnetic gaps, and the gap G2-t is referred to as a mechanical gap. The magnetic gaps G1 and G2 take different values, and G1 <G2 and G2 = G1 + t. The stroke of the mover 2 is G2-t and G1.
Note that G1 = G2 when the opening holding force can be reduced by releasing the magnetic flux from other than the contact surface of the mover as shown in FIG. 5 described later, or when the opening holding force can be reduced with W ₁ > W _2. Also good.

The reason for adopting the first gap G1 ≠ the second gap G2 in this way is that the holding force of the mover 2 may be significantly smaller in the opened state of the switching device 500 than in the closed state, and the contact 200 When holding the mover in the first part 8 (upper side) (closed state) and holding the contact point 200 in the open state, ie, holding the mover in the second part 9 (lower side) This is because the holding force of the mover 2 is different from that in the open state. In the open state, since it is only necessary to prevent the mover 2 from moving carelessly due to an earthquake or the like, the holding force may be significantly smaller than that in the closed state.
Therefore, the holding force can be optimized by setting the gap G <b> 1 or G <b> 2 according to the opening / closing state of the operating device 100 as the holding force of the mover 2 by the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 6. The characteristics can be improved.
In this example, G2> G1, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this example, and the nonmagnetic material spacer 13 may be provided on the upper yoke 1a depending on the positional relationship between the switch 200 and the operating device 100.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5 to be described later, when the opening holding force can be reduced by releasing the magnetic flux from other than the contact surface of the mover, or when the opening holding force can be reduced by G1> G2, W ₁ = W _2. It is good.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
Next, the operating device 100 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 5A is a front view of the operating device 100, and FIG. 5B is a side view. In FIG. 5A, the second yoke 5 is partially omitted.
In FIG. 5A, 1a is the upper yoke of the first yoke 1, 1b is the lower yoke, 2c is the mover, 3a is the first coil, 4a is the second coil, 10a is the end plate of the mover 2c. , 10b is an opening provided in the end plate 10a, a spring provided between the upper yoke 1a and the movable element 2c 12, 15 jack bolt provided on the second yoke 5, _{W 1} is the upper yoke 1a , W ₂ is the thickness of the lower yoke in the first direction.
As already described, the holding force required in the open state of the contact 210 of the switch 200 may be significantly smaller than that in the closed state. Therefore, when the mover 2c is in the second part 9 of the lower yoke 1b, the magnetic flux density of the lower yoke 1b may be smaller than when it is in the first part 8 of the upper yoke 1a. That good a thickness W ₂ of the first direction of the first yoke 1 of the lower yoke 1b as smaller than the thickness W ₁ of the upper yoke 1a.
Thus, the holding force can be adjusted by reducing the thickness of the lower yoke 1b, and the weight of the operating device 200 can be reduced.

  Further, when the mover 2c moves from the first part 8 to the second part 9, the spring 12 provided between the upper yoke 1a and the mover 2c assists the movement, so that the second coil Since the magnetomotive force (AT) of 4a can be smaller than that of the first coil 3a, the cross-sectional area of the second coil 4a is small and downsized, the operating device 200 is small and light, and the capacity of the power source is small. Can be planned.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7A, the first and second portions 8 and 9 of the upper yoke 1a and the lower yoke 1b are provided with recesses 1d, and the movable element 2c is in contact with the upper and lower yokes 1a and 10b. The holding force may be adjusted by adjusting the opposing areas. Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, the holding force can be similarly adjusted even if the convex portion 1e is provided.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), a jack bolt 15 is provided on the second yoke 5, and by operating the jack bolt 15, there is a gap between the first yoke 1 and the second yoke 5. Give rise to That is, the gap between the permanent magnet 6 provided in the second yoke 5 and the mover 2c can be increased. In this manner, a thin plate (not shown) such as a thin steel plate or an electromagnetic steel plate is inserted into the gap formed between the first yoke 1 and the second yoke 5.
By adopting such a structure, the gap between the permanent magnet 6 and the mover 2c can be made variable, and the holding force can be adjusted.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the first and second embodiments, the second yoke 5 has a rectangular structure, but in the third embodiment, an E-shaped second yoke 5a is used as shown in FIG. And the permanent magnet 6a is provided in the said E-shaped center convex part, and opposes the needle | mover 2 via the gap g when it is assembled | attached to the side yoke 1c.
The pair of yokes 5a are attached to the side yoke 1c by bolts or fastening brackets not shown. The second yoke 5a may also be a solid steel plate, an electromagnetic thin steel plate, or a laminated structure of thin steel plates.
Further, the positional relationship in which the permanent magnet 6a is disposed on the second yoke 5a is such that the both end protrusions of the second yoke or the both end protrusions are in contact with each other as shown in FIG. Permanent magnets 6a may be provided on the end faces, the roots of both end protrusions as shown in FIG. 10B, or the center protrusions as shown in FIG. 10C. Further, the above-described synthesis as shown in FIGS. 10D and 10F, or an arrangement as shown in FIG. That is, a configuration may be adopted in which the end surface of the member constituting the magnetic circuit of the second yoke 5a, the middle of the magnetic circuit, or the member sandwiching the member constituting the second yoke 5a is arranged.
That is, the permanent magnet includes the first yoke 1, the second yoke 3, and the first coil 1 except for the first magnetic circuit formed in the first yoke 1 and the mover 2 by exciting the first and second coils 3 and 4. The configuration may be such that it is provided on the second magnetic circuit formed by the two yokes 5 and the mover 2.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
In the first to third embodiments, the operation device 100 having the configuration in which the second yokes 5 and 5a are arranged in the second direction is shown. However, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. An E-shaped second yoke 5b is arranged in the first direction, and is attached to the upper yoke 1a and the lower yoke 1b by bolts or fastening brackets (not shown).
Here, FIG. 11 is a sketch showing the main components, and FIG. 12 is a sketch of the operating device 100 after the mounting. The permanent magnet 6b is provided on the E-shaped central convex portion of the E-shaped second yoke 5b, and is opposed to the mover 2 through the gap g when attached to the yoke 1. In addition, the arrangements as shown in FIGS. 10A to 10D and FIG. The second yoke 5b of the fourth embodiment may be either a solid steel plate or an electromagnetic or thin plate laminated structure. Further, the second yoke 5b is a pair of yokes, but the pair is not necessarily a pair, and may be provided on one side of the first yoke 1.

Embodiment 5. FIG.
In the fifth embodiment, as shown in the sketch of FIG. 13, the second yoke 5c has a C shape and is provided in the first direction.
As shown in FIG. 13, the yoke 5c is arranged so that the first coil 3 is sandwiched between the C-shaped recesses, and the upper protrusions of the yoke 5c are attached to the upper yoke 1a by bolts or fastening brackets not shown. It has been. The other one convex part (lower convex part in FIG. 13) is provided with a permanent magnet 6c and faces the mover 2. However, the arrangement as shown in FIG.
The second yoke 5c may be either a solid steel plate or an electromagnetic or thin plate laminated structure as described above. 13 shows an example in which the second yoke 5c is attached to the upper yoke 1a, it may be configured to be attached to the lower yoke 1b. Furthermore, although the second yoke 5c is a pair of yokes, it is not necessarily required to be a pair, and may be provided on one side of the first yoke 1.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
In the sixth embodiment, one exciting coil is provided as shown in the sketch of FIG. 14, the coil 3a is provided in the yoke 1, and further movable with the first portion 8 of the upper yoke 1a as shown in FIG. The operating device 100 is configured to include a spring 12 between the child 2.
Next, the operation of the operating device 100 having this configuration will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 15 corresponds to FIG. 16C, that is, the contact 210 in the open state. Mover 2 by the magnetic flux [Phi _PM1 of the permanent magnets 6c shown in FIG. 16 in this state is held in the second portion 9. Next, when the contact 210 is closed, when the coil 3a is reversely excited, a magnetic path opposite to that shown in FIG. 16B is formed. Flux of the coil 3a Φcoil _1-2 Thereby _- magnetic attraction force is reduced by the permanent magnet flux [Phi _PM1, the mover 2 is predetermined stroke drive from the second part 9 to the first part 8. On the other hand, when the mover 2 is moved from the closed state of the contact 210 in FIG. 16A to the open state in FIG. 16C, Φ coil _1-1 is generated by exciting the coil 3a. The Faicoil _1-1 may be a magnetic flux enough to cancel out the attraction force the permanent magnet 6c [Phi _PM1 Therefore the mover 2 in flux is held at the first site 8 of the upper yoke 1a. When the suction force is canceled, the mover 2 moves toward the second portion 9 of the lower yoke 1b by the spring 12 provided between the mover 2 and the upper yoke 1a.
By adopting such a configuration, the magnetomotive force of the coil 3a can be reduced, and not only the small operating device 100 but also the coil power supply can be small.
The second yoke 5c is attached to the upper yoke 1a. However, the second yoke 5c is not limited to this example, and may be attached to the lower yoke 1b. 12 may be provided between the lower yoke 1 b and the mover 2. The spring 12 is not limited to the upper and lower yokes 1a and 1b, but may be an operating mechanism that is provided outside the first yoke 1 and drives the mover 3 in the first direction. Moreover, although the example which provides the spring 12 was shown, not only the spring 12 but the mechanism using rubber | gum and air pressure, rubber | gum, and another elastic body may be sufficient. Furthermore, the second yoke 5c is C-shaped and attached in the first direction. However, the second yoke 5c is not limited to this and may be attached in the second direction as a rectangular shape or an E-shape.
Moreover, although the example which provides one coil 3a was shown, this coil may be a plurality of coils, and furthermore, as shown in the first embodiment, the first and second coils may be provided.
Moreover, although the example which uses the operating device 100 for the opening / closing operation | movement of the switch 200 of the electrical circuit switching device 500 was shown, it is not restricted to this, For example, opening and closing of the valve of a gas or a liquid transportation path, and opening and closing of a door etc. It goes without saying that it can be applied to any device that performs the above. At this time, it is not necessary to provide the springs 300 and 301 shown in FIG.

It is a sketch which shows the main components of the operating device of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a sketch which shows the operating device of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the yoke and the needle | mover of the operating device of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a sketch which shows the needle | mover of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows other embodiment of the needle | mover of Embodiment 1 of this invention, and the operating device of Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows other embodiment of the needle | mover of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the operating device of Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is operation | movement principle explanatory drawing of the operating device by Embodiment 1-6 of this invention. It is a sketch which shows the operating device of Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a sketch which shows the 2nd yoke of Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a sketch which shows the main components of the operating device of Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a sketch which shows the operating device of Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a sketch which shows the operating device of Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a sketch which shows the operating device of Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the yoke and movable element of Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is operation | movement principle explanatory drawing of the operating device of Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is operation | movement principle explanatory drawing of the conventional operating device. It is a figure which shows the conventional operating device. It is a figure which shows the conventional switchgear.

Explanation of symbols

1 yoke, 1a upper yoke, 1b lower yoke, 1c side yoke, 1d recess,
1e convex part, 2, 2c mover, 2a mover general part, 2b mover end,
2d laminated plate, 2e concave portion, 2f laminated portion, 2g laminated portion end surface, first coil,
3a coil, 4, 4a second coil, 5, 5a, 5b, 5c second yoke,
6, 6a, 6b, 6c permanent magnet, 7 pole, 8 first part, 9 second part,
10, 10a end plate, 10b opening, 10c end plate end, 11 clamping bolt,
12 spring, 13 spacer, 15 jack bolt, 16 movable iron core,
100 operating device, 200 switch, 201 contact, 209 movable shaft,
500 switchgear, g gap, G1 first gap, G2 second gap,
W ₁ upper yoke thickness, _{W 2} lower yoke thickness.

Claims (18)

An operating device including a first yoke, a mover provided in the first yoke and reciprocating in a first direction, and a second yoke to which a permanent magnet is attached. The yoke is provided with at least one coil, and has first and second portions with which the mover contacts, and the mover is formed by magnetic flux generated by energizing the coil. The first yoke is driven in the first direction, which is the axial direction thereof, by the force caused by the first magnetic circuit, and the first yoke places the magnetic body in a direction orthogonal to the mover axial direction. The second yoke has a laminated surface facing portion facing the laminated surface of the first yoke and a movable member facing portion facing the movable element, and the second yoke Second magnetic circuit formed by the generated magnetic flux Includes a facing surface portion of the second yoke and a facing portion passing through the second yoke and facing the mover, the facing surface portion of the second yoke and the moving member facing each other. The permanent magnet is attached to any part of the second yoke so as to be connected to the first magnetic circuit via a portion, and the force caused by the second magnetic circuit An operating device, wherein a mover is held by the first part or the second part of the first yoke. 2. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet of the second yoke is provided on the laminated surface facing portion or the mover surface facing portion. When the mover is held by the first part of the first yoke, the second part is located between the end of the mover contacting the first yoke of the mover and the second part. The gap G2 is provided, and when the mover is held by the second part of the first yoke, the end of the mover contacting the first yoke of the mover and the first part The operating device according to claim 1, wherein a first gap G1 different from the second gap G2 is provided between the first gap G2 and the second gap G2. 2. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the second yoke is disposed in a first direction which is the axial direction of the mover on a surface of the first yoke. The said 2nd yoke is arrange | positioned in the 2nd direction orthogonal to the 1st direction which is the said needle | mover drive direction in the lamination | stacking surface of the said 1st yoke. Operating device. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the second yoke has a laminated structure of magnetic materials. The thickness dimension in the first direction at the second part of the first yoke is smaller than the thickness dimension in the first direction at the first part of the first yoke. Item 2. The operating device according to Item 1. When the movable element is held by the first yoke at the first part or the second part, the surface where the movable element and the first yoke are in contact has a gap locally. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein a stepped shape is provided on the first yoke surface. In the second yoke, the permanent magnet is provided on the face of the movable element, and in addition, a jack bolt is provided in the second yoke. By operating the jack bolt, the permanent magnet is provided. 2. A magnetic thin plate is provided between the first yoke and a laminated surface facing portion of the second yoke, and the gap between the movable member and the movable element is variable. The operating device according to 1. The first yoke is provided with a first coil and a second coil. When the first coil is energized, the mover is moved to the first portion of the first yoke. 2. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the movable element is driven so as to be in contact with the second coil so as to be in contact with the second portion of the first yoke by energizing the second coil. . The operating device according to claim 10, wherein magnetomotive forces of the first coil and the second coil are different. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein each of the at least one coil is formed of a plurality of windings. Compared to a cross-sectional area of an arbitrary cross section of the mover other than the mover end and parallel to the surface of the mover, the cross-sectional area of the mover end contacting the first yoke of the mover The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the operating device is small. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the mover has a laminated structure. The operating device according to claim 14, wherein the stack structure of the mover is a structure fastened by a solid end plate. 2. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet of the second yoke is disposed between members constituting the second yoke in the second yoke. An operating mechanism for driving the mover in the first direction is provided between the first part or the second part of the first yoke with which the mover contacts and the mover. The operating device according to claim 1. A switchgear comprising a switch and an operating device for driving to open and close the switch, wherein the operating device uses the operating device according to any one of claims 1 to 17. Opening and closing device characterized.

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