JP2008139767A - Piston valve of brass instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a player to easily blow a brass instrument such as a trumpet by equalizing the balance of feelings of resistance of breath and to play rapid passages. <P>SOLUTION: In a piston valve 11 of a brass instrument where a piston tube 31 with piston holes 32 is housed to move upward with elastic forces of springs 52 and 65 when being pushed down to inside of a valve casing 21 with casing holes 22, the piston tube 31 is individually provided from parts located in both of up and down directions of the piston tube 31. And repulsive magnets for suspension 35, 37, 54 and 68 for suspending the piston tube 31 are provided between the piston tube 31 and the parts located in both of up and down directions thereof, and direction control magnets 23 and 38 for controlling directions in peripheral directions with repulsive force of magnets are provided to correspond the locations of the piston holes 32 with the casing holes 22 in up and down direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a piston valve of a brass instrument such as a trumpet, a flugelhorn, a cornet, a euphonium, or a tuba. .

  The brass instrument as in the above example is an instrument that produces various sounds by changing the length of the passage of breath by operating a valve. Among the valves, as shown in FIG. 7, the piston valve has a structure in which sound changes as the piston pipe 103 moves up and down in the cylindrical valve casing 102. That is, the piston valve 101 includes a valve casing 102, a piston pipe 103 accommodated in the valve casing 102, and an operation unit 104 provided integrally with the piston pipe 103 to press down the piston pipe 103. And more. The operation unit 104 has a pusher 104a, a piston shaft 104b, and a spring 104c that moves the pressed piston pipe 103 upward to return it to its original position. A casing hole 102a is formed at a predetermined position of the valve casing 102. In addition, a branch pipe (not shown) projects from the outer peripheral surface. A piston hole 103a is provided at a predetermined position of the piston pipe 103, and an inner cylinder pipe 103b for connecting the piston holes to each other is provided inside the piston pipe 103 as shown in FIG. That is, as the piston hole 103a connected to the casing hole 102a changes as the piston pipe 103 moves up and down, the length of the passage of breath changes.

  The spring 104c has an upper spring system (see FIG. 7) stored above the piston pipe 103 and a lower spring system (see Patent Document 1 below) stored below the piston pipe. Although different from each other, in any case, guide means for regulating the direction of the piston is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 and Patent Document 1, the guide means includes a guide member 105 provided on the piston side and a groove 102b provided on the valve casing 102 side. That is, the guide member 105 is formed with a protrusion 105a protruding in the outer peripheral direction, and the protrusion 105a is fitted into the groove 102b extending in the vertical direction, thereby preventing rotation in the peripheral direction.

However, the protrusion 105a of the guide member 105 is detachable from the groove 102b, and there is a clearance between them. For this reason, the piston tube 103 rotates as shown in FIG. Therefore, if a rotational force is applied when the pusher 104a is pressed, the piston tube 103 rotates, and the piston hole 103a and the casing hole 102a are displaced from each other. I can't keep it. As a result, when playing a rapid passage (sound form) or the like, there are sounds that are easy to produce and difficult to produce, which may hinder the performance.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-155569

  In view of this, the main object of the present invention is to ensure that the casing hole of the valve casing and the piston hole of the piston pipe are always properly aligned.

  The means for this is a brass valve of a brass instrument in which a piston pipe having a piston hole is housed in a valve casing having a casing hole so as to move upward by the elastic force of a spring when pressed. The piston pipe is provided independently from a portion located above the piston pipe, and a space between the piston pipe and the valve casing is arranged so that the positions of the piston hole and the casing hole in the vertical direction coincide with each other. This is a brass valve of a brass instrument provided with a direction restricting means for restricting the direction in the direction.

  Another means is a brass valve of a brass instrument in which a piston tube having a piston hole is housed in a valve casing having a casing hole so as to move upward by the elastic force of a spring when pressed. The piston pipe is provided independently from a portion located in both the upper and lower directions of the piston pipe, and between the piston pipe and the valve casing, the positions of the piston hole and the casing hole in the vertical direction are matched. This is a brass valve of a brass instrument provided with orientation regulating means for regulating the orientation in the circumferential direction.

  That is, since the piston tube is independent from the part located above or in both the upper and lower directions, the circumferential direction of the piston tube is restricted only by the direction restricting means and is not affected by the operation when the piston tube is pressed down. . For this reason, the piston pipe moves up and down at an appropriate position regulated by the direction regulating means.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the piston pipe moves up and down at an appropriate position without being affected by the pressing operation, so that the piston hole and the casing hole always coincide with each other without shifting in the rotation direction.

  For this reason, a balanced and even resistance feeling can be obtained at the time of playing. As a result, even when a rapid passage is played, there is no sound that is easily generated or difficult to generate, and the performance can be performed satisfactorily.

  In addition, since the piston pipe is independent of the upper part or the part in both the upper and lower directions, the load (spring load) applied to the spring that moves the piston pipe upward can be reduced. As a result, the return of the piston pipe can be accelerated, and this also has the effect of being able to play a rapid passage as described above.

An embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the piston valve 11 and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view thereof, which includes a valve casing 21 and a piston pipe 31 accommodated in the valve casing 21. The piston pipe 31 is independent of the valve casing 21 and is also independent of the members located in both the upper and lower directions of the piston pipe 31 and floats as shown in FIG. The casing 21 is accommodated in the valve casing 21 so as to move up and down.

  The valve casing 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a casing hole 22 is formed at a predetermined position. A branch pipe extends from the outer peripheral surface of the casing hole 22, but the illustration of the branch pipe is omitted for convenience. Further, in the trumpet as an example of the brass instrument, three piston valves are required, but the position of the casing hole 22 is different in each. The position of the casing hole 22 shown in the figure is an example.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, a direction regulating first magnet 23 that constitutes a part of the direction regulating means for regulating the direction of the piston pipe 31 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the valve casing 21. ing. The orientation restricting first magnets 23 have a linear shape, and are attached at two locations so as to be opposed to each other at two centers so as to form two parallel lines separated at appropriate intervals. Both of them are set so that the same N pole or S pole faces inward.

  In addition, although the length and formation position of the direction control 1st magnet 23 are suitably set based on the position of the casing hole 22, it is formed in a part of site | part at which the piston pipe 31 moves up and down at least.

  A cap member 41 having an insertion hole 41a in the center is detachably attached to the opening 24 at the upper end of the valve casing 21, and a bottom member 51 having a vent hole 51a in the center at the opening 25 at the lower end. Is detachably attached.

  A projecting portion 51b is formed on the inner peripheral portion of the upper surface of the bottom member 51, and a spring 52 that attempts to return the piston tube 31 that is located below the piston tube 31 and is pushed down to the projecting portion 51b upward. Is held. A substantially disc-shaped support plate 53 is attached to the upper end of the spring 52. The support plate 53 is formed to be slidable in the valve casing 21 and has a through hole 53a penetrating in the vertical direction. Further, projecting portions 53b and 53b projecting outward are provided at two locations on the outer peripheral edge, and a predetermined height is provided from the lower end opening 25 to a portion corresponding to the projecting portion 53b on the inner peripheral surface of the valve casing 21. The lower grooves 26, 26 extending up to this point are formed, and the support plate 53 is configured to move up and down smoothly without rotating. Further, a shaft portion 53c that protrudes upward is provided at the center of the support plate 53, and a first floating magnet 54 with the north or south pole facing upward is fixed around the shaft portion 53c. Yes.

  The piston pipe 31 is housed in the valve casing 21 with a slight gap that does not leak breath, and a piston hole 32 having the same shape and size as the casing hole 21 is formed at a predetermined position. . Corresponding piston holes 32 are connected by an inner tube 33.

  A bottom plate 34 having a hole 34a in the center is fixed to the lower end of the piston pipe 31, and a disk-shaped floating plate having a hole 35a in the center around the hole 34a of the bottom plate 34. Two magnets 35 are fixed.

  The bottom surface of the second floating magnet 35 is set to N or S pole, and repels the first floating magnet 54 of the support plate 53.

  The size of the hole 34a of the bottom plate 34 and the hole 35a of the second floating magnet 35 is such that the shaft 53c provided on the support plate 53 can be relatively rotated (in other words, loosely fitted). It is inserted, and smooth vertical movement between the piston tube 31 and the support plate 53 is achieved.

  A lid plate 36 having a hole 36a at the center is provided at the upper end of the piston tube 31, and a floating third magnet 37 having a hole 37a at the center is fixed to the upper surface of the lid plate 36. The upper surface of the floating third magnet 37 is set to N pole or S pole.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, a linear orientation-regulating second magnet 38 that is long in the vertical direction is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the piston pipe 31. The orientation restricting second magnet 38 is formed in a linear shape having a width that fits comfortably between a pair of orientation restricting first magnets 23, 23 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the valve casing 31. When positioned between the restriction first magnets 23, the piston hole 32 and the casing hole 22 are set to a position where they are aligned in the vertical direction. The orientation regulating first magnet 23 of the valve casing 21 has the N pole or S pole facing inward, whereas the orientation regulating second magnet 38 of the piston tube 31 has the N pole or S pole outside, that is, It faces the valve casing 21 and is configured to repel each other.

  An operation member 61 for pressing down the piston pipe 31 is provided above the piston pipe 31. The operation member 61 includes, from above, a pusher 62, a piston shaft 63 that is detachably provided on the lower surface of the pusher 62, and a substantially cylindrical shaft tube 64 that is attached to the lower end of the piston shaft 63.

  The shaft tube 64 houses a spring 65 for returning the pressed operation member 61 to the original position. The lower end of the shaft tube 64 is closed by the bottom plate 66, and a restriction plate 67 having a substantially disk shape in plan view is held on the upper side of the bottom plate 66 while being pressed against the spring 65. As shown in FIG. 1, protrusions 67a and 67a projecting outward from the position of the inner peripheral surface of the valve casing 21 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the restricting plate 67, and an upper groove portion that receives the protrusion 67a. 27 is formed from the upper end of the valve casing 21 downward to a predetermined height.

  A shaft portion 66a that protrudes downward is formed at the center of the bottom surface of the bottom plate 66. A floating fourth magnet 68 having a hole 68a at the center is fixed to the periphery of the shaft portion 66a on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 66. The bottom surface of the floating fourth magnet 68 is set to N or S pole, and repels the third floating magnet 37 provided on the top surface of the piston tube 31. The shaft portion 66 a is inserted into the hole 36 a of the lid plate 36 at the upper end of the piston pipe 31 and the hole 37 a of the floating third magnet 37 so as to be rotatable relative to the hole 36 a. A smooth vertical movement between the operation member 61 and the piston pipe 31 is achieved.

  Various permanent magnets are used for each of the magnets 23, 35, 37, 38, 54, and 68, and the magnetic force is appropriately set so as to repel each other based on the spring constants of the springs 52 and 65 to be used. Is set. In the figure, 69 is a felt.

  The piston valve 11 configured as described above is assembled and used as follows. First, the bottom member 51 is fixed to the valve casing 21. Next, the piston pipe 31 is stored in the valve casing 21 from above. At the time of this storage, the direction restricting second magnet 35 of the piston pipe 31 is placed between the pair of direction restricting first magnets 23 of the valve casing 21 as shown in FIG. Subsequently, the operation member 61 is attached from above the valve casing 21 and the shade member 41 is fixed. Then, the piston pipe 31 is independent of the operation member 61 and the support plate 53 in the valve casing 21 and the magnets 23, 35, 37, 38, 54, and 68 are repelling each other. Even if the operation member 61 and the support plate rotate, they do not rotate together.

  In the piston valve 11 having such a configuration, when the pusher 62 of the operation member 61 is pressed, the shaft tube 64 presses and contracts the spring 65 and descends. At this time, since the floating fourth magnet 68 at the lower end of the shaft tube 64 and the third floating magnet 37 at the upper end of the piston tube 31 are repelling each other, only the descending force can be transmitted to the piston tube 31. . The piston pipe 31 directly pressed by the shaft pipe 64 presses and retracts the spring 52, and the piston hole 32 connected to the casing hole 22 of the valve casing 21 changes. At this time, the second floating magnet 35 at the lower end of the piston pipe 31 repels the first floating magnet 54 on the opposing support plate 53, so that the lowering of the piston pipe 31 is not affected by the support plate 53. To be done.

  Further, the lowering of the piston pipe 31 is performed in a state in which the piston pipe 31 is held in a fixed direction by a direction restricting first magnet 23 and a direction restricting second magnet 38 serving as a direction restricting means provided between the valve casing 21. .

  For this reason, the piston pipe 31 moves up and down in the valve casing 21 without being governed by other than the direction restricting means. As a result, the positions of the piston hole 32 and the casing hole 22 in the circumferential direction do not shift unexpectedly, and a predetermined communication that matches exactly is made. Therefore, the feeling of resistance at the time of blowing is uniform, and all sounds can be produced satisfactorily.

  Further, the piston pipe 31 is separate from the members positioned in both the upper and lower directions, the first spring biases the support plate 53 below the 52 piston pipe 31, and the spring 65 operates the operation member 61 above the piston pipe 31. Since the structure is biased, the spring load is small. For this reason, the lowered piston pipe 31 can be returned quickly, and it is good for playing a rapid passage. In addition, since all the sounds can be produced satisfactorily as described above and there is no sound that is difficult to produce, it is suitable for playing a rapid passage. Rapid passages that were not possible with brass instruments will be possible.

  Hereinafter, other embodiments will be described. In this description, parts that are the same as or equivalent to the configuration of the piston valve 11 are given the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of a lower spring type piston valve 11. A spring 52 for returning the pressed operation member 61 is held at the inner peripheral side portion of the upper surface of the bottom member 51 fixed under the valve casing 11, and a support plate 53 is held at the upper end of the spring 52. . The support plate 53 is provided with a first floating magnet 54 that repels the second floating magnet 35 provided at the lower end of the piston pipe 31.

  On the other hand, a floating fourth magnet 68 that repels the floating third magnet 37 provided at the upper end of the piston pipe 31 is provided at the lower end of the operating member 61. The operating member 61 includes a pusher 62, The piston shaft 63 includes a disk-shaped bottom plate 66 fixed to the lower end of the piston shaft 63, and the floating fourth magnet 68 is provided on the lower surface of the bottom plate 66.

  The bottom plate 66 has a disk shape in plan view that can slide in the valve casing 21 in the vertical direction, and is provided with two protrusions 66b and 66b that protrude outward. These protrusions 66 b and 66 b slide in the upper groove portion 27 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the valve casing 21.

  Further, a shaft portion 63 a that protrudes below the bottom plate 66 is provided from the lower end of the piston shaft 63, and this shaft portion 63 a is formed in a hole 36 a at the center of the lid plate 36 that is fixed to the upper end of the piston pipe 31. Inserted so as to be relatively rotatable.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of an upper spring type piston valve 11. That is, the piston pipe 31 is held as if suspended from the lower end of the operation member 61. In order to make this piston pipe 31 float independently of the operation member 61, a cylindrical drooping cylinder part 64a is attached to the lower end of the shaft pipe 64 that accommodates the spring 65, and this drooping cylinder part 64a. A flange-like flange portion 64b is formed protruding in the outer peripheral direction from the lower end. The floating first magnet 64c is fixed to the lower surface of the flange portion 64b, and the floating second magnet 64d is fixed to the upper surface of the flange portion 64b. On the other hand, the upper end portion of the piston pipe 31 is formed with an upper end tube portion 31a having a smaller diameter than the portion below it and smaller than the inner diameter of the hanging tube portion 64a. A third floating magnet 37 that repels the first floating magnet 64c is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the lower end of the first floating magnet.

  And the cap member 39 is fixed to the upper end part of this piston pipe 31 so that the said hanging cylinder part 64a and the collar part 64b may be inserted | pinched. The cap member 39 has a substantially cylindrical shape having the same diameter as the outer diameter of the piston pipe 31, and has an annular portion 39a projecting toward the inner circumferential direction at the upper end, and on the lower surface of the annular portion 39a, A fourth floating magnet 39b that repels the second floating magnet 64d is fixed. The inner diameter of the annular portion 39a is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft tube 64 and is relatively rotatable.

  In assembling, first, the cap member 39 is inserted in advance into the shaft tube 64, and the suspended tube portion 64a of the shaft tube 64 and the upper end tube portion 31a of the piston tube 31 in this state are fitted to each other. Next, the lower end portion 39 c of the cap member 39 is fixed to a fixed step portion 31 b formed at the upper end portion of the piston pipe 31.

  Then, since each magnet 64c, 64d, 37, 39b repels, the piston pipe 31 will be in the state suspended from the lower end of the axial pipe 64 so that relative rotation was possible.

  In both piston valves 11 in FIGS. 5 and 6, the piston pipe 31 is independent from the members positioned in the vertical direction, and moves up and down in the valve casing 21 without being governed by directions other than the direction regulating means. The effects as described above can be obtained.

In correspondence between the configuration of the present invention and the configuration of the above-described embodiment,
The direction regulating means of the present invention corresponds to the direction regulating first magnet 23 and the direction regulating second magnet 38,
Magnets repelling to float the piston tube correspond to the first floating magnets 54 and 64c, the second floating magnets 35 and 64d, the third floating magnet 37, and the fourth floating magnets 68 and 39b.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described configuration, and other forms can be adopted.

  Instead of magnets that repel each other in order to float the piston pipe, a mechanism such as a highly lubricated bearing may be incorporated.

  Further, as the direction restricting means, for example, it is possible to adopt a direction restricting means in which the cross-sectional shapes of the piston tube and the valve casing are not deformed in a perfect circle but are slightly deformed to make a structure incapable of relative rotation in the circumferential direction.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view of a piston valve. The side view of the decomposition | disassembly state of a piston valve. The expanded sectional view of the principal part of a piston valve. The cross-sectional view of a piston valve. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the piston valve which concerns on another example. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the piston valve which concerns on another example. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a prior art. The cross-sectional view explaining the problem of a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Piston valve 21 ... Valve casing 22 ... Casing hole 23 ... Direction control 1st magnet 31 ... Piston pipe 32 ... Piston hole 35 ... Floating second magnet 37 ... Floating third magnet 38 ... Direction control 2nd magnet 39b ... Floating fourth magnet 52 ... Spring 54 ... Floating first magnet 64c ... Floating first magnet 64d ... Floating second magnet 65 ... Spring 68 ... Floating fourth magnet

Claims (4)

In a valve casing having a casing hole, a piston pipe of a brass instrument housed so that a piston pipe having a piston hole is moved upward by the elastic force of a spring when pressed,
The piston pipe is provided independently from a portion located above the piston pipe;
A brass valve for a brass instrument provided with a direction restricting means for restricting a direction in a circumferential direction between the piston pipe and the valve casing so as to match a position in a vertical direction between the piston hole and the casing hole. In a valve casing having a casing hole, a piston pipe of a brass instrument housed so that a piston pipe having a piston hole is moved upward by the elastic force of a spring when pressed,
The piston pipe is provided independently from a portion located in both the upper and lower directions of the piston pipe,
A brass valve for a brass instrument provided with a direction restricting means for restricting a direction in a circumferential direction between the piston pipe and the valve casing so as to match a position in a vertical direction between the piston hole and the casing hole. 3. The brass instrument according to claim 1, wherein a magnet that repels the piston pipe to float is provided between the piston pipe and a portion located above or in the vertical direction of the piston pipe. Piston valve. The brass valve for a brass instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the orientation restricting means includes magnets that exert a repulsive force in a circumferential direction.

Images