JP2006513008A5 - - Google Patents

Description

Method and apparatus for controlling harmful and / or flammable substances

Cross-reference of related applications
Claims the benefit of US Provisional Patent Application No. 60 / 430,912, filed December 3, 2002,
This is a continuation-in-part of US non-provisional patent application 09 / 920,179, filed on August 1, 2001, and US non-provisional patent application 10 / 443,302, filed May 21, 2003. Partial continuation application,
The disclosure of each application is incorporated by reference.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling harmful and / or flammable substances , and a method and apparatus for controlling the effect of such materials .

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Flammable and other harmful substances play an important role in the daily life of many people. Many people are faced with flammable materials such as gasoline, engine oil, and natural gas, and other hazardous materials such as battery acids and concentrated detergents without danger. Because hazardous materials are contained, they generally do not cause any problems for nearby people.

  However, if the hazardous material becomes uncontained, such as when the container is damaged and the material leaks, the material can kill a person. For example, hundreds of thousands of car accidents occur every year on American highways. Many accident-related fire events occur when the area containing the vehicle's fuel tank is impacted by the accident and fuel is leaked from the tank in the form of spray, flow, and eventually pool around the vehicle . Highly flammable spray mist generated by impact may be exposed to ignition energy from sparks resulting from deformation of the vehicle due to impact for only a moment. However, this duration is long enough to ignite the fuel mist and cause a possible explosion, or even fireballs can ignite the fuel puddles spreading around the vehicle, causing a more serious threat Is also expensive.

  In many cases, the threat of ignition and the resulting flame propagation exists only at the moment when the spark from the impact event remains. These events are particularly relevant to some recent car and truck designs, where the hypothesis is that the incidence of such events is potentially high due to tank placement and structural design. It stands out. These high-height examples often lead to severe fire events and high burn and mortality rates when they occur, resulting in public debate on how to prevent their succession ing.

  Unfortunately, most fire protection technologies are impractical for typical highway vehicles or other consumers due to cost, complexity, reliability issues, and considerable weight gain. As a result, little has been done to prevent such events in the future. However, the military has been working on similar events that occur in battle scenarios. In particular, a military aircraft that has collided with an anti-aircraft projectile can fire in an adjacent bay adjacent to a fuel tank mounted on the aircraft. Fuel leaks or sprays from penetrating tanks encounter ignition sources such as burning incendiary particles that are deposited by projectiles in adjacent bays, and the resulting fire threatens the cabin. Many aircraft losses during battle are believed to result from such events.

As a result, technologies have been developed in recent decades to prevent or suppress such events for new fighters. One method of fire protection of aircraft is to use a passive system. These systems are typically some form of structure that does not require a power source or other human monitoring. These systems function by being directly impacted by an explosion or fire event. They generally achieve explosion protection in the interior of the fuel tank or in a compartment around the fuel tank. One of the earliest and most successful variations was the use of soft reticulated foam in the fuel tank to mitigate the explosion. This concept was successfully and widely used at the end of the Vietnam War and became a staple on many modern aircraft.

The British army developed several advanced concepts in the early 1970s. These include forming a reticulated foam into a ball and filling various components adjacent to an aircraft fuel tank ( Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3 ), which are heated. It can then be coated with a substance that expands and blocks the supply of air to the fire, and can be filled with various gas and powder extinguishing agents to achieve extra fire extinguishing in addition to mitigating the fire. The main advantages of such a concept are gas fire extinguishing and detection, taking into account ease of installation, high reliability due to the lack of sophisticated electronic components and other equipment, and tradeoffs due to compartment volume and structure. Competitive weight penalty compared to active fire suppression systems such as the system.

Other passive protection systems use fire suppression agents embedded in rigid or semi-rigid panels mounted on the fuel tank wall adjacent and facing the adjacent bay. When the panel is struck by a projectile that penetrates the aircraft, it locally breaks, releasing a portion of the deterrent agent into the adjacent bay and initializing fuel spray that ignites from the damaged fuel tank into the bay. Extinguishes fire or prevents ignition when in contact with incendiary grenade particles deposited by inactivating fuel vapor. Panels have been developed and demonstrated with gaseous fire extinguishing agents and various powders ( US Pat . The panel takes the form of a depressant cylinder or hollow panel with a bag inserted, or a ball or sheet reticulated foam (sometimes sealed in a bag with a pressurized gas deterrent).

  All of these variations showed some level of performance improvement for a given system capacity or weight, but could be offset by increasing complexity or increasing material, assembly, or installation costs. The most common and simplest variations are kraft paper, aluminum, or Nomex hexagonal honeycomb sandwich material filled with powder fire extinguishing agent, and coated on both sides with aluminum foil, composite fiber, or a sheet of other material It was a thin panel. These devices were described as powder panels or powder packs.

  The powder panel effectively protects against many large ballistic incendiary threats with a total thickness of only 0.1 inches and a mass of 0.2 to 0.6 pounds per square foot. For other threats and conditions, much thicker and heavier systems will be needed, if they are useful. There were some limits to performance against small threats that limited panel breakage damage and consequently the amount of powder deterrent released to extinguish.

Variations of this concept have been investigated for use against ballistic impacts in armored vehicles ( US Pat. Nos. 5,099,086 and 5,099,7 ), but the powder is mainly limited to use in the engine compartment due to crew inhalation issues, Gas depressant-filled panels were used in the crew compartment. Later, fine adjustments were made, including the addition of a crushing shield, to prevent panel crushing damage to the crew.

Because these systems require ballistic impact to function, their utility and consideration has been limited to combat- induced ballistic impact events. They do not provide protection against gradual fuel system leaks and ignition due to normal fuel system failures. Furthermore, such systems do not provide protection against other types of threats and problems. For example, such systems do not provide protection in other fire scenarios, such as collisions that impact and crush fuel tank valves and their connectors, especially in alternative fuel vehicles. Additional flammable fluid reservoirs, such as brake master cylinders and fuel pumps, contain sufficient flammable fluid to pose a threat to the vehicle occupant or the vehicle itself, and their small and thick shapes make it difficult to achieve protection. Bring. Other areas of the vehicle, such as the engine compartment bonnet of the vehicle, can be damaged during a frontal collision and cause the release of flammable or other harmful substances. In addition, some components, such as oil pans, may break and discharge flammable fluids due to engine internal breaks that typically involve breakage and penetration of connecting rods in the oil pan. This scenario is very common in motor racing as well as on highways.
British Patent 1,380,420 British Patent 1,445,832 British Patent 1,454,492 British Patent 1,454,493 British Patent 1,547,568 US Pat. No. 3,930,541 US Pat. No. 4,132,271

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A hazard control system according to various aspects of the present invention includes a housing configured to contain a control material and discharge the control material in response to a trigger event to neutralize the hazard. In one embodiment, the control material is a fire retardant that delays ignition. The housing contains a fire retardant and includes at least one surface configured to break in response to a trigger event such as an impact. The housing may also include a surface configured to substantially join a vehicle surface, such as a fuel tank surface.

  A more complete understanding of the present invention may be derived by reference to the detailed description when considered in connection with the following illustrative figures. In the following figures, like reference numerals refer to like elements and steps.

  Elements and steps in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been represented according to a specific sequence. For example, steps that may be performed simultaneously or in a different order are shown in the figures to help improve an understanding of embodiments of the present invention.

Detailed Description of Exemplary Embodiments The present invention will be described in part with respect to functional components and various processing steps. Such functional components can be realized by any number of components configured to perform a particular function and achieve various results. For example, the present invention can use various elements, materials, deterrents, neutralizers, and the like that can perform various functions. In addition, the present invention can be implemented in connection with any number of applications, environments, hazardous substances, and trigger events, and the system described is merely an exemplary application of the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention can use any number of conventional techniques for manufacturing, assembly, mounting, and the like.

  Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, a hazard control system 100 for controlling harmful and / or flammable substances, in accordance with various aspects of the present invention, is associated with a housing 102 that houses a control material 104. Can be realized. The housing 102 accommodates the control material 104 and reacts to the control material 104 in response to a triggering event, particularly for relatively large scale events such as collisions, heat exposure, or hazard detection. It is configured to facilitate the application of the control material 104 in large quantities. The control material 104 includes one or more substances for controlling the hazard.

  The housing 102 can include any suitable device for containing the control material 104 and facilitating the application of the control material 104 in response to a trigger event. For example, the housing 102 may comprise a container configured to release the control material 104 upon crushing, completely or partially crushing, exploding, or otherwise degrading. In various embodiments, the housing 102 can comprise a rigid structure, a semi-rigid structure, a membrane, or a bladder. The housing 102 can be constructed from any suitable material designed to be crushed by impact, such as glass, ceramic, or plastic. Further, the housing 102 may be configured to promote the spraying of the control material 104 by, for example, scoring the housing 102 and promoting crushing of the notched surface when subjected to an impact. it can. The housing 102 is made of a leaf spring, a compression coil spring, a leaf spring, and a stretchable material configured to enhance expansion of the housing 102 when the housing 102 is weakened or crushed by a trigger event. Such an additional mechanism for facilitating the spreading of the control material 104 can be included. In one embodiment, the plurality of grooves formed in the housing 102 includes a spring mechanism that is biased against the surface of the housing 102 that is subject to impact.

  In the present embodiment, the housing 102 appropriately includes two surface plates 106 that sandwich the control material 104 therebetween. The faceplate 106 maintains the control material 104 in place and a rigid sheet, flexible cover, flexible bladder, or any other suitable material for maintaining the control material 104 in the selected position. Any suitable configuration such as a system can be provided. Further, the faceplate 106 may be made of cellulose such as styrene, paper, glass, plastic, metal, ceramic, aluminum, nylon, glass cloth, glass fiber / epoxy, kevlar, graphite tape, or composite, or a combination of such materials. Any suitable material can be included, including system materials. The faceplate 106 is suitably configured to react to a triggering event such as an impact, a thermal event such as exposure to heat, or an optical event such as exposure to specific radiation. In this embodiment, the faceplate 106 is suitably configured to break up substantially completely or otherwise break to facilitate total release of the control material 104. The housing 102 can also include a malleable material so that the housing 102 can be formed and bent to fit various configurations. In the present embodiment, the face plate 106 is a rectangular sheet composed of a lightweight and cost-effective material such as glass, ceramic, acrylic, and / or epoxy.

  The surface plate 106 is appropriately attached to a frame 108 that supports the surface plate 106. The frame 108 can include any suitable structure, such as a rigid structure joined to the faceplate 106, an adhesive such as caulk between the faceplates 106, or a rigid spacer. In an alternative embodiment, the frame 108 can be omitted and the faceplate 106 can be otherwise configured to maintain the position of the control material 104. For example, the end of the face plate 106 can be affixed, glued, or pressed with adhesive tape, or the face plate can form the housing 102 using blow molding, vacuum forming, or thermoforming It can be formed as a single unit.

  In this embodiment, the frame 108 is configured to support the face plate 106 and maintain the control material 104 in place. For example, the frame 108 has the same shape as the surface plate 106 and appropriately includes a rigid structure bonded to the surface plate 106. Therefore, in this embodiment, the frame 108 includes a rigid rectangular frame 108 configured to support the surface plate 106. In addition, the faceplate 106 can be connected to the frame 108 in any suitable manner, such as using a fixture or adhesive. In the present invention, the face plate 106 is bonded using an epoxy 110 or similar adhesive. Other variations can be used to bond the faceplate 106 to the frame 108, such as thermal adhesives and other chemical adhesives.

  The housing 102 can also include a core 112 configured to separate the control material 104 into a plurality of compartments. The core 112 can also maintain a desired space between the face plates 106 and support the face plates 106. The core 112 can be configured in any suitable manner. In the present embodiment, the core 112 can be configured in a honeycomb structure that forms individual sections. In addition, the core 112 can include any suitable material, such as a lightweight rigid material. In the present embodiment, the core 112 may include aluminum or Nomex.

  The housing 102 accommodates the control material 104. In the present embodiment, the control material 104 is accommodated in a compartment formed by the core 112. The control material 104 can include one or more suitable materials to neutralize certain hazards such as fires, acid spills, or toxic gas emissions. For example, to extinguish the fire, the control material 104 may be a fire suppressant such as monobasic ammonium phosphate mixed with a suitable desiccant and / or flow enhancer such as 1% atomized fumed silica. Can be included. Alternatively, the deterrent may be sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, urea-based powder, potassium dosonite, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium monophosphate, potassium iodide, or other powder deterrent or mixture Or a liquid or gaseous agent such as water, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, iodotrifluoromethane, heptafluoropropane, pentafluoroethane, or other gaseous agents or mixtures.

Although the core 112 compartment is adequately and fully filled until it is full, subsidence may occur after assembly and installation, leaving some voids in the core 112. If the compartment is not completely filled, the control material 104 can be supplemented with a filler, such as a neutral non-burning material, to fill the internal volume. In this embodiment, the filler is configured to occupy a large area with little added weight. Fillers can include, for example, silica desiccants, glass or plastic globules that can be filled with control material 104 or left empty, or other suitable metering material.

  In addition, the control material 104 can be enhanced to facilitate spraying and / or respond to trigger events. For example, the control material can be pressurized with air, gas control material 104, or other fluid to enhance the spraying of the control material 104. Further, the control material 104 can react directly to the trigger event. For example, the control material 104 can include an optically responsive, thermally responsive, or impact reactive material that causes the control material 104 to expand or otherwise deploy.

The control material 104 can also replenish or include a propellant that propels the control material 104 out of the enclosure to enhance emissions. For example, the control agent 104 can be ambient or pressurized air or a gas replenishment container, such as a fire suppression gas, that ruptures when compressed by impact, resulting in a jet of air, and the control material 14 Help spread. The container can include any suitable container, such as a closed tube or sphere of thin plastic or suitable material. Alternatively, the propellant can include a material that generates a volume of gas that expands when exposed to air to propel the control material 104. The propellant can also include a fire suppression agent such as carbon dioxide. Alternatively, the propellant can include different regions of the housing 102 that can contain separate materials. When the material reacts to heat or reacts to a triggering event, such as by mixing after the enclosure 102 breaks, the material generates a propellant gas, and in some embodiments, a supplemental fire suppressant Can react to occur. For example, the material can include acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate control material 104, which generates carbon dioxide when mixed. Alternatively, the material can include carbonic acid that reacts to heat, such as a fire, by breaking down into water and carbon dioxide. Other materials can be used, such as calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid, or sodium carbonate and dilute sulfuric acid, which produce carbon dioxide and water when mixed. Yet another material can produce a fire suppression foam. For example, the replenishment or control material 104 can include sodium bicarbonate powder and licorice additive, which are mixed with aluminum sulfate to form a sticky aluminum hydroxide foam. Other materials, perhaps can include a composition of nitrogen triiodide mixed with a stabilizing binder or nitrogen tribromide powder or solid, they inhibit the nitrogen gas and fire when impacted iodine Changes to gas or bromine gas.

  The hazard control system 100 is a fuel tank or other hazardous material storage in vehicles such as passenger cars, buses, trucks, aircraft, racing gars, police cars or police vans, military vehicles or aircraft, boats, rail cars, tractor trailers, or heavy machinery. Can be attached to or incorporated into a hazard source such as a unit. For example, referring to FIGS. 5 and 9, a highway vehicle 510 is suitably equipped with a hazard control system 100 by attaching the hazard control system 100 to a fuel tank 514 of the vehicle. When the highway vehicle 510 is impacted by the collision vehicle 512, the exterior of the highway vehicle 510 and the fuel tank 514 are deformed, and the hazard control system 100 attached to the fuel tank 514 is also deformed. When deformed and ruptured, the hazard control system 100 is a deterrent containing monobasic ammonium phosphate that tends to neutralize the area surrounding the fuel tank 514 that breaks and potentially leaks to prevent ignition. Control material 104 such as powder 516 is released. However, the hazard control system 100 can be applied to any wall, building exterior, aircraft runway, or during or after transport of hazardous materials that may be subject to shock, heat, or other hazards. Can be configured for the appropriate environment or application.

  The hazard control system 100 enhances or directs the spreading of the control material 104, facilitates application in multiple applications, reduces weight and / or cost, adapts to a particular object, and includes one or more It can be configured appropriately for a particular application, such as mitigating various hazards. With reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, the alternative housing 102 includes a plurality of grooves 610. The groove 610 can be suitably configured to accommodate the release control material 104. The groove 610 can be formed by any suitable method and can be formed by any suitable structure. For example, the groove 610 can be formed by the core 112 or in one or more faceplates 106, the frame 108, and / or other parts of the housing 102.

  In the present embodiment, the groove 610 is formed by a raised partition formed on at least one inner surface of the surface plate 106. Therefore, the core 112 is not included. Alternatively, the housing 102 can include a core 112 that forms a groove 610, and the frame 108 can also include a structure such as a protruding partition that forms all or part of the groove 610 or other suitable structure. Can do.

  In addition, the groove 610 maintains the position of the control material 104, facilitates the application of the control material 104 after the occurrence of the trigger event, facilitates manufacture and / or installation, or other suitable purposes. Can be formed by a method. In this embodiment, the grooves 610 are configured to form individual parallel grooves 610. Alternatively, the grooves 610 can be configured in a serpentine pattern, diagonal grooves 610, diagonal, horizontal, vertical and / or other orientation groove 610 combinations.

  Further, the grooves 610 can run in any suitable direction and can be interconnected. For example, referring to FIGS. 10A-B, the groove 610 can run in the housing 102 in the horizontal and vertical directions. The groove 610 is defined by a partition 1010. The partition 1010 can also maintain separation between the faceplates 106 and provide attachment points for connecting the two faceplates 106 together, for example using an adhesive, to form the housing 102. Can also be provided. The divider 1010 can include any suitable configuration, such as a square, circular, or rectangular divider, and can be formed by collectively forming the separation core 112 or on one or more faceplates 106. Or can be formed by attaching. Such partitions may also be included in configurations that use individual grooves or compartments, such as grooves or compartments that are sealed together to achieve additional rigidity.

  The housing 102 can also include structural components that provide rigidity, such as ribs formed in the housing. In addition, the faceplate 106 can be joined by an adhesive 1114 having limited adhesive strength that is sufficient only for normal operating environments. The limited strength adhesive suitably provides minimal impedance to crack propagation in the second surface plate 1112 and promotes separation (all or shattered) of the second surface plate 1112 from the partition 1010.

  To seal the housing 102, the edges of the housing 102 can be sealed using, for example, tape or caulking. With reference to FIGS. 6 and 8, the housing 102 of the present embodiment is closed by an end cap 810 along the edge 610. The end cap 810 can be connected to the faceplate 106 in any suitable manner, such as by snapping, gluing, sticking, fastening, or otherwise attaching to the edge 610. The end cap 810 can include a suitable material, such as rubber or other elastic material, that is crimped to the edge 610 of the housing 102.

  The housing 102 can include any suitable material to facilitate response to trigger events, streamline manufacturing, reduce weight, or meet other suitable criteria. For example, referring to FIG. 11, the housing 102 can be configured to assist in completely releasing the fire extinguishing agent in response to a triggering event, such as an impact. To facilitate greater disassembly of the housing 102 due to impact, the first faceplate 1110 and the partition 1010 can be formed from a relatively inexpensive and strong first material, such as a unitary construction of polycarbonate, The biface plate 1112 can comprise a material that is easily damaged upon impact, such as acrylic or styrene. Alternatively, the housing 102 can be formed entirely from a single material such as acrylic, styrene, styrenic polymer, polyphenylene, polypropylene, and / or polycarbonate. In this embodiment, the housing includes a material that has the desired brittleness and durability and demonstrates advantageous assembly properties, such as plastic, alloy, ceramic, composite, metal, fiber, and / or glass. . Depending on the specific application, specific materials and configurations can be selected. In one embodiment, the housing material can be treated to improve various properties of the housing material. For example, the housing improves the properties of the first material, such as acrylic, styrene, styrenic polymers, etc., having the desired brittleness, and the ductility, for example, to improve the workability of the material And a second polymer, such as fiber, polycarbonate, or another type of acrylic, styrene, styrenic polymer, and the like. For example, the housing material is mixed with a first styrenic polymer having high brittleness and a first material to lower the melting temperature of the entire housing material and otherwise improve the manufacturing characteristics of the material. A distyrenic polymer. The ratio of the first material to the second material can be selected according to the desired characteristics of the housing. In the case of a highly brittle material, the second material can comprise only a small amount, for example up to about 10% by weight of the total material. When improving brittleness during manufacture, the second material can constitute a larger amount, for example about 50% or more of the total material. In one embodiment, the first brittle material comprises about 60-80% of the total material and the second material comprises about 20-40% of the total material. Suitable materials can include about 70% of the first material and about 30% of the second material.

  An alternative embodiment of the housing 102 includes a plurality of compartments for housing the control material 104. Each compartment can be completely sealed or connected to one or more compartments. For example, each compartment can be completely sealed and individually filled with control material 104. Alternatively, a compartment can be connected to another compartment so that both compartments can be filled by accessing a single compartment. By using a plurality of sections, it becomes appropriately easier to cut the housing 102 to a selected size.

  For example, referring now to FIG. 12, the alternative housing 102 includes a plurality of compartments 1210 that contain the control material 104. The compartment 1210 can have any suitable shape or size, such as a rectangle approximately 3 inches by 5 inches. The housing 102 can form the compartment 1210 in any suitable manner. In addition, the compartments can be arbitrarily oriented, such as in a row parallel to the axis of the housing 102 or one or more faceplates 106.

  In the present embodiment, the housing 102 includes two surface plates 106A-B. At least one faceplate 106A includes a plurality of indentations to form a compartment 1210. For example, the second faceplate 106B can be flat and the first faceplate 106A can be configured to include a plurality of indentations in the form of compartments 1210. The compartments are appropriately formed in a row parallel to the longitudinal axis of the face plate 106.

  The two faceplates 106 are joined in any suitable manner such that the second faceplate 106B covers the indentation of the first faceplate 106A to form the compartment 1210. However, the compartment 1210 can be formed in any suitable manner, such as a recess in the second faceplate 103B, a compartment formed by the core 112, an independent bladder, a quilted bladder having a plurality of pockets, and the like.

  The compartments 1210 of this embodiment are appropriately connected so that the control material 104 can flow between the interconnected compartments 1210. The compartments 1210 can be interconnected in any suitable manner, such as through openings 1212 formed along one or more sides or other surfaces of the compartment 1210. Further, the openings 1212 can be connected in any suitable manner, such as through one or more ducts 1214 that connect the openings 1212. The connection between the compartments 1210 is accomplished in any suitable manner, such as using a tube attached to the compartments 1210, a recess in one or both of the faceplates 106, the inclusion of the core 112 including the duct 1214, and the like. be able to. In this embodiment, the duct 1214 is formed by a recess formed in the first face plate 106A adjacent to the recess used to form the compartment 1210.

  In addition, the housing 102 can include other desired structures to impart desired properties to the housing 102, such as adding stiffness and providing a mounting surface or mechanism. For example, in this embodiment, the first face plate 106A includes rectangular indentations 1216 formed between the duct indentations 1214 to reduce face-to-face contact between the face plates 106 and promote crack propagation. be able to.

  In this embodiment, each section 1210 along the two edges of the housing 102 has at least one opening 1212 on one side connected to the duct 1214. Each of the compartment 1210 inside the housing 102 and the compartment 1210 along the other two edges of the housing 102 has two openings 1212 on either side of the compartment 1210. The opening 1212 is connected to the opening 1212 of another section through a duct 1214. Thus, the control material 104 can move between the compartments 1210 through the opening 1212 and the duct 1214.

  The hazard control system 100 can be configured for a selected environment, a selected hazard, and / or a selected trigger event. For example, the hazard control system 100 may be used for vehicle fuel tanks, storage tanks, fuel or chemical transfer lines, connectors, valves, and other components, oil containers and oil pans, battery compartments, engine compartments, or other applications. Can be adapted to. In addition, the hazard control system 100 can be configured to control flammable materials, toxic materials, caustic or corrosive materials, or other hazardous materials. Furthermore, the hazard control system 100 can be configured to react to any suitable trigger event, such as shock, exposure to heat, exposure to a specific substance, or detection of a harmful condition.

  For example, the hazard control system 100 can be specially configured for a particular application by forming the housing 102 to fit a selected surface. For example, referring to FIG. 3, the exemplary housing 102 fits substantially outside the fuel tank. The relief hole 310 receives a coupling and external connection to the fuel tank. Grommets can also be installed in the relief holes 310.

  Referring to FIGS. 13A-B, an alternative embodiment of the housing 102 conforms to the internal or external shape of a fuel tank 1310 for a police vehicle, bus, or motor sports car such as a Ford Crown Victoria Police Police interceptor. Can be configured to. In this embodiment, the first faceplate 106A has an outer surface configured to substantially match the outer surface of the associated fuel tank 1310, eg, the top surface, back surface, front surface, or side surface of the fuel tank 1310. The outer surface of the second faceplate 106B is configured to comply with vehicle space requirements, such as fit within a vehicle fuel tank area or rank.

  The housing 102 can be configured in any suitable manner to contain the control material 104, such as a fire suppressant, and to pulverize and release the control material 104 upon impact. In this embodiment, the housing | casing 102 contains the partition formed in at least one of the surface board 106 so that the duct which interconnects a division and a division may be formed appropriately, as shown in FIG. The faceplate 106 is suitably bonded using an adhesive.

  Referring to FIG. 4, an alternative hazard control system 100 according to various aspects of the present invention includes a plurality of housings 102. Each housing 102 conforms to a respective outer surface of the fuel tank 514 and can be attached to the fuel tank 514 by any suitable method, such as by adhesive. Alternatively, the hazard control system 100 can include a single structure or a plurality of interconnected structures disposed around or within the fuel tank 514.

  In alternative embodiments, the hazard control system 100 can be configured to adapt to a particular application using one or more housings 102. For example, a plurality of housings 102 can be attached to a fuel tank 514 or other structure to facilitate hazard mitigation. In addition, the housing 102 can be cut to a size and / or shape selected for a particular application.

  For example, referring again to FIG. 12, the housing 102 can be cut to a suitable desired width and length. The section 1210 opened for cutting can empty the control material 104. 14A-C, the housing 102 is configured to cut to a desired width 1412 and length 1410. The bottom can be cut out to cut the width (FIG. 14B). Trimming opens a series of compartments, but some other compartments remain intact. Accordingly, the hazard control system 100 continues to function.

To cut the length, the length of the housing 102 can be cut off (FIG. 14C). By cutting the length, multiple compartments are opened and they can be left empty. The duct leading to the empty compartment can then be closed using, for example, putty, tape, caulking, epoxy, elastic plug, or other mechanism. Thus, the control material 104 remains in several compartments of the housing 102. In this embodiment, the compartment space is configured so that it can be cut between cells to leave a sealing flange so that only the fill ports connecting the cells in each row remain exposed for filling. The Accordingly, the casing 102 can be cut after being filled with the control material 104 to reduce surrounding unfilled panel material.

  The hazard control system 100 can be attached to or accompanied by a hazard source in any suitable manner. In various applications, the hazard control system 100 can be located adjacent to or on the hazard source. Alternatively, the hazard control system 100 can be attached to or abut the hazard source. The hazard control system 100 can be locked in place with an appropriate system or mechanism. For example, the housing 102 can be directly bonded to the fuel tank 514, such as by double-sided adhesive tape. The housing 102 can also be attached to other areas close to the fuel tank 514, such as inside a vehicle body panel, such as a tape, strap, rivet, clip, velcro, or other fastener. Can be attached by other suitable mechanisms.

  In another embodiment, the hazard control system 100 can be adapted for specific components that are prone to hazards. For example, referring to FIG. 15, the housing 102 is adapted to fit a fuel pump 1510, such as for an internal combustion engine. The housing 102 is suitably configured to fit the entire fuel pump 1510, such as by vacuum forming, blow molding, or other suitable process. The housing 102 can be connected to the fuel pump 1510 by press fitting, an outer band clamp, an internal adhesive, or the like. The hazard control system 100 also has a separate end plate 1512 attached (by gluing or otherwise) to the end of the housing 102 near the outer end of the fuel pump 1510, particularly where a simple cylindrical shape is applicable. It can also be included. The housing 102 can be configured according to any suitable design to facilitate spreading of the control material 104 in response to a trigger event. In one embodiment, the housing 102 is configured with a groove 610 between the thin double-walled plastic faceplate 106. The control material 104 is disposed in the groove 610 or the section 1210 of the housing 102.

  The housing 102 is subjected to sufficient impact (as in the case of an accident) so that the fuel pump 1510 breaks away from the engine or is partially disconnected so that combustible fluid components are discharged and subsequently Appropriately configured to mitigate the ignition and resulting fire when the ignition is promoted, the housing 102 will also disengage due to the same impact and a cloud-like deterrent will be released near the area of fluid release. Is done. The hazard control system 100 similarly includes superchargers and turbochargers, power steering pumps, steam canisters, brake master cylinders, oil pumps, washer fluid reservoirs, fuel pressure valves, and compressed natural gas (CNG) tanks, hydrogen tanks, and others It can be adapted for other reservoirs and components, including other valves attached to fuel containers, such as those found in other alternative fuel vehicles.

  The hazard control system 100 can also be adapted to fluid lines and connectors to control the hazard when a trigger event occurs. For example, referring to FIG. 16, the hazard control system 100 is configured for the connection point of the fluid line 1612 to the fluid reservoir 1614. The hazard control system 100 suitably includes a housing 102 in the form of a ring 1610 or similar shape that covers the attachment points of the fluid line 1612 and the reservoir 1614 and is attached to the peripheral surface of the reservoir 1614. The ring 1610 is sufficiently internal to contain sufficient control material 104 for a specific hazard, such as a dry chemical deterrent that prevents the ignition of fluid released by separation of the conduit 1612 and tank 1614 due to an accident, for example. Have a volume.

  This embodiment also suitably includes a washer 1616 attached to the fluid line 1612. In addition, a score line 1618 can also be added to the outer surface of the ring 1610. If an event occurs that results in pulling the fluid line 1612 sufficiently away from the reservoir 1614 (as in the case of a collision), then a washer 1616 (attached to the fluid line 1612) passes through the ring 1610. As a result, the ring 1610 is broken and the control material 104 is sprayed to the surrounding area, and the hazard such as the ignition of the fluid discharged from the divided pipe line to the local area is suppressed.

  The hazard control system 100 can be further configured to control the hazard at the joint of the two fluid lines 1706. For example, referring to FIG. 17, the housing 102 includes two disks 1708A-B attached to each other, such as by using an adhesive 1710. The outer surface of the disk forms a cavity 1712 that houses a joint 1714 that connects two fluid lines 1706 together. A flange 1716 can be attached to each fuel line 1706 on the outside of the coupling 1714, but so that they are trapped inside the disks 1708A-B when they are attached together. The outer surfaces of the discs 1708A-B can also have their surfaces scored radially from their fuel line openings to aid in panel separation.

  When the two ends of the fluid line 1706 are pulled apart (as in the case of a collision) and split at the location of the joint 1714, the flange 1716 of either fluid line 1706 (or both) will cause the panel disk Pulled through 1708A-B and pulverizes them, and at the same time the control material 104 is discharged to prevent associated hazards such as the ignition of fluid released from the broken line. The adhesive force between the faces of the discs 1708A-B should be stronger than the force required to crush any of the discs 1708A-B by the flange 1716 of any conduit to ensure the occurrence of disc crushing. Designed to.

  In another alternative embodiment, the hazard control system 100 can be adapted to control the hazard if the oil pan is damaged. Referring to FIG. 18, the hazard control system 100 includes a precision fitting housing 102 molded from a liquid plastic or formed from a double wall material, a rectangular structure of a flat double wall plate in the general shape of an oil pan 1810. Or the housing 102 of the entire oil pan 1810, suitably formed as any other suitable configuration. The housing 102 is attached to the oil pan 1810 by an appropriate mechanism and accommodates the appropriate control material 104. The housing 102 can also extend to the lower engine block in case of engine damage in other areas. The housing 102 may also be positioned as a seat or curved panel at a distance from the oil pan 1810, but in the proximity of the oil pan 1810 sufficient to ensure its breakage by the engine parts being released. You can also. If an engine with an oil pan 1810 breaks the connecting rod 1812 and propels it through the oil pan 1810 and oil and fuel are released, the housing 102 also breaks, for example a cloud fire Control material 104 is released as a deterrent and tends to prevent ignition of the released oil and fuel in the vicinity of the exhaust manifold or other ignition source.

  In another embodiment, hazard control system 100 can be configured to control engine compartment hazards. The hazard control system 100 is suitably configured to mitigate hazards if the engine compartment is damaged or another trigger event occurs. For example, the hazard control system 100 can be configured to prevent a fire when the engine compartment of a conventional vehicle is damaged, such as in a frontal collision. Referring to FIG. 19, an exemplary hazard control system 100 includes a housing 102 that is mounted or incorporated within the hood of a passenger car, truck, or other vehicle. The bonnets are configured to bend near their center points in order to dissipate energy in the case of a frontal impact and to prevent its fragmentation at the hinges that would likely direct the bonnet towards the occupant.

  In such a frontal impact 1910 of the vehicle 1912, the vehicle bonnet 1914 is configured to deform as normally designed to form a crease 1916 along a preset breakage line. In the present embodiment, the housing 102 includes a control material 104 such as a fire extinguisher, for example, dry chemical powder, and includes a bonnet liner 1918 formed in accordance with the general shape of the lower surface of the bonnet 1914. The liner 1918 has a surface coating that features acoustic attenuation, or a special acoustic attenuation material can be added between the liner 1918 and the bonnet 1914.

  When the bonnet 1914 deforms due to a collision, the liner 1918 also deforms until it is crushed. The liner 1918 can also include score lines formed on the surface of the liner 1918 to aid in disassembly of the liner 1918. Control material 104 within liner 1918 is released onto the engine compartment to prevent fires or other related hazards that may occur as a result of the release of flammable or other harmful substances.

  In another alternative embodiment, the hazard control system 100 is configured to respond to a thermal trigger event. The trigger event can include a suitable thermal trigger event, such as a sudden rise in temperature or a temperature that exceeds a selected threshold. For example, referring to FIG. 20, a thermal event may be caused by a fire 2010 under a fluid reservoir, such as a fuel tank 2012. The fuel tank 2012 has a housing that accommodates the control material 104 adjacent to or incorporated in the tank. The housing 102 has a preformed and molded shape that conforms to the outer shape of the fuel tank 2012 and is disposed on the outer surface of the fuel tank 2012 or substantially molded on the outer surface of the tank 2012 itself. It can be configured in any suitable manner, such as a series of flat panels containing 104. In an exemplary embodiment, when a pool fire 2014 occurs under the fuel tank 2012, the housing 102 cracks and disassembles due to, for example, the resulting heat load, and the contents of the control material 104, for example, Release and control pool fires or other hazards.

  The housing 102 is configured to crack and decompose when exposed to thermal stresses exceeding a selected threshold, such as from a pool fire 2014 a few inches away from it. For example, the housing 102 suitably includes a bottom plate facing the ground that is constrained by a surrounding rigid frame. The face plate suitably has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the frame, so that when the housing 102 is exposed to heat above a selected threshold, the frame suppresses the thermal expansion of the bottom plate, thus creating stress in the plate. Cause cracks and breaks. The stress can be applied by pre-loading the plate into the frame or by other heat treatments so that minimal additional thermal stress is required to achieve the milled state. Alternatively, the face plate can melt, peel or otherwise shift laterally when exposed to heat above a selected threshold. In addition, the control material 104 can be configured to expand when exposed to heat above a selected threshold, causing or compensating for cracks and breaks in the faceplate.

  When the housing 102 is incorporated into a preformed fuel tank, for example, with an outer shell filled with the control material 104, the fractured face plate can be preloaded by controlling the molding and post-heating treatment. Such techniques can be applied to molded plastic tanks and are commonly used today, but they are particularly susceptible to damage when exposed to pool fires that have occurred under them.

  The hazard control system 100 can also be adapted for use in connection with non-flammable hazards, such as an enclosure that houses a battery used in an electric vehicle. If such a container breaks, such as due to a collision, and the enclosure breaks with the battery, caustic and corrosive battery acid can be released to the environment. Such acids are detrimental to those employed to investigate vehicle occupants, the environment, ambulance crew, and debris and transport them to safe areas.

  Hazard control system 100 according to various aspects of the present invention is a tractor trailer and other transportation vehicles in which caustic, corrosive, toxic, or other harmful chemicals pull a large amount of such caustic and dangerous chemicals. Can be configured for applications that may be unintentionally released due to vehicle collisions, accidents, and the like. Alternatively, the hazard control system 100 may cause a potential leak or spray of battery fluid in the engine compartment or toward the operator if the battery breaks in a collision or explodes due to other damage to the battery. In order to prevent undue damage resulting from the use of a housing 102 that covers or is adjacent to a single battery used in virtually all vehicles.

  With reference to FIG. 21, in yet another alternative embodiment, the housing 102 includes one or more protection plates 2110 adjacent to the battery enclosure 2112, such as outside and / or inside the battery enclosure 2112. If the enclosure 2112 is damaged during a collision or the like, the battery enclosure 2112 may be broken 2114 and the acid 2120 may leak from the damaged battery 2116. The guard plate 2110 is also configured to break upon failure of the enclosure 2112, which facilitates the discharge of the control material 104, such as the neutralizer 2118, to control or mitigate the hazards caused by the released acid. . The neutralizing agent can be any suitable material, such as sodium bicarbonate.

  The various components of the hazard control system 100 can be formed according to any suitable technique or method. For example, the housing 102 and the core 112 can be formed by cutting, casting, extrusion, machining, stamping, molding, or other methods to form a desired shape. For example, the housing 102 is suitably vacuum molded, injection molded, or blow molded to form a desired shape, such as adapting the housing 102 to a particular shape, such as the exterior of a particular vehicle fuel tank. The In particular, the face plate 106 can be shaped so that one outer surface matches the outer surface of the fuel tank and the second outer surface fits within the fuel tank compartment. To form two separate faceplates 106 that are joined with an adhesive, the faceplate 106 is suitably vacuum formed. To form a single integrated housing 102, the housing 102 is appropriately blow molded.

  In addition, the core 112 can be formed, for example, by extrusion. Alternatively, a housing compartment, groove 610, or other internal structure of the housing 102 is created by forming the inner surface of one or more face plates 106, for example, during molding of the face plate 106. be able to. The faceplate 106 can then be joined to form the housing 102 surrounding the core 112 if desired. If an end cap is used to seal the end, the end cap can be attached after insertion of the control material 104, for example.

  The housing 102 is suitably formed from a plastic or other material that can exhibit a tendency to crack or crush easily by grain or in a particular direction. To enhance crushing of the housing 102, the internal structure of the housing 102, such as the core 112, groove dividers, rows of compartments, or the like, can be configured to extend at right angles to the array. Since the internal structure tends to support the integrity of the housing 102, the internal structure extends at right angles to the material arrangement of the housing 102, thereby facilitating easier and / or larger crushing of the housing 102. Can be promoted. By orienting the array at a right angle to the groove, cracks tend to propagate along the array across multiple grooves or sections, thus facilitating the opening of multiple grooves or sections for more control. The material is released.

  The control material 104 can be added in any suitable manner, such as before joining the components of the housing 102 or after assembly of the housing 102. For example, the control material 104 can be added by placing the housing 102 upright, placing one end down, and pouring the control material 104 into the upper end of the housing 102. Alternatively, the control material 104 may be added to the individual compartments or grooves 610 in other suitable ways, such as by inserting the control material 104 directly into each groove or compartment, for example if the compartments or grooves 610 are not interconnected. Can do. The control material 104 can be poured into the groove 610, injected under pressure, or otherwise inserted.

  The access opening for adding the control material 104 is then closed appropriately. If the housing 102 uses an end cap, the end cap 810 can snap into place, substantially sealing the housing 102. Other related systems for maintaining the control material 104 within the housing 102 can be implemented, such as sealing the opening by caulking, putty, plug, membrane, tape, or other mechanism. The hazard control system 100 can then be attached to the associated hazard source.

  The particular implementation shown and described is illustrative of the invention and its best mode and is in no way intended to limit the scope of the invention. Indeed, for the sake of brevity, the conventional manufacturing, connection, preparation, and other functional aspects of the system will not be detailed. Further, the connecting lines shown in the various figures are intended to represent exemplary functional relationships and / or physical couplings between the various elements. In actual systems, there may be many alternative or additional functional relationships or physical connections.

  The invention has been described above with reference to a preferred embodiment. However, changes and modifications can be made to the preferred embodiment without departing from the scope of the invention. These and other changes or variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a hazard control system having a honeycomb core. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the hazard control system of FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a housing configured for a fuel tank. FIG. 4 is a diagram of a hazard control system having a plurality of panels around the fuel tank. FIG. 5 is a diagram of a collision accident involving an impact between two vehicles in which one vehicle was equipped with a hazard control system. FIG. 6 is a partial cutaway view of a hazard control system having a plurality of parallel separation grooves. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the hazard control system of FIG. FIG. 8 is a view of the end cap. FIG. 9 is a diagram of a hazard control system in which the surface plate is crushed. 10A-B are a plan view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of a hazard control system having a plurality of vertical interconnect grooves. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a hazard control system having a portion integrated with a surface plate and bonded to another surface plate with an adhesive. FIG. 12 is a diagram of a hazard control system having a plurality of interconnected compartments. 13A-B are a perspective view and a plan view, respectively, of a hazard control system made conformal to the shape of the fuel tank. 14A-C are diagrams of a hazard control system cut to a desired size. FIG. 15 is a partial cutaway view of a fuel pump covered with a hazard control system. FIG. 16 is an illustration of a fluid reservoir coupling surrounded by a hazard control system at the reservoir connection to the fluid line. FIG. 17 is a diagram of a hazard control system installed for a connector of two fluid line fittings. FIG. 18 is a diagram of a hazard control system adapted for an oil pan of an internal combustion engine through which a connecting rod penetrates. FIG. 19 is a diagram of a frontal collision of a vehicle with an engine compartment bonnet deforming and activating the hazard control system. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid reservoir having a hazard control system and a pool fire affecting the liquid reservoir. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of a damaged battery enclosure having an activated hazard control system.

Claims (61)

Control material,
A housing accommodating the control member, a housing configured to discharge the control member upon occurrence of the trigger event,
Hazard control system with The hazard control system of claim 1, wherein the housing includes a surface configured to substantially conform to a hazard source. The hazard control system of claim 2, wherein the housing surface is configured to substantially fit a fuel tank for at least one of a police vehicle, an auto racing vehicle, and a mass transit vehicle. The hazard control system of claim 1, wherein the housing includes a surface configured to substantially conform to a vehicle surface. The hazard control system of claim 1, wherein the housing includes at least two interconnected grooves for receiving the control material. The hazard control system according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the casing is broken to discharge the control material. The housing defines a cavity configured to receive the control material;
The hazard control system further comprises at least one partition disposed within the cavity;
The hazard control system according to claim 1. The housing is
A first face sheet configured to substantially maintain integrity upon the occurrence of the trigger event;
A second face sheet configured to substantially break upon occurrence of the trigger event;
The hazard control system according to claim 1, comprising: The hazard control system of claim 1, wherein the housing defines at least two compartments configured to receive the control material. The hazard control system of claim 9, wherein the at least two compartments are interconnected along at least one axis. The housing is configured to fit at least one of a fuel tank, a fuel pump, a vehicle bonnet, a fuel line, a chemical line, an oil pan, a battery compartment, a storage tank, a valve, a connector, and an engine compartment. The hazard control system according to claim 1. The hazard control system of claim 1, wherein the control material is configured to at least partially neutralize at least one of a flammable, corrosive, caustic, acidic, and toxic substance of a hazardous material. The housing is configured to break in response to a trigger event, the trigger event comprises an impact, acceleration, deceleration, and at least one thermal changes, the hazard control system according to claim 1. The hazard control system according to claim 1, further comprising a propellant, wherein the housing contains the propellant, and the propellant is configured to spray the control material upon occurrence of a trigger event. The hazard control system according to claim 1, wherein the housing is configured to perform at least one of melting, peeling, and moving to expose the control material. The hazard control system according to claim 1, wherein the housing is formed using at least one of extrusion molding, thermoforming, vacuum forming, injection molding, and blow molding. Wherein comprising housing a material having the grain, the enclosure is configured to substantially break across Retsuri, hazard control system according to claim 1. A hazard control system comprising a housing that contains a control material and is configured to break in response to a trigger event. The hazard control system of claim 18, wherein the housing includes a surface configured to substantially conform to a hazard source. 20. The hazard control system of claim 19, wherein the housing surface is configured to substantially fit a fuel tank for at least one of a police vehicle, an auto racing vehicle, and a mass transit vehicle. The hazard control system of claim 18, wherein the housing includes a surface configured to substantially conform to a vehicle surface. The hazard control system of claim 18, wherein the housing includes at least two interconnected grooves. The housing defines a cavity configured to receive the control material;
The hazard control system further comprises at least one partition disposed within the cavity;
The hazard control system according to claim 18. The housing is
A first face sheet configured to substantially maintain integrity upon the occurrence of the trigger event;
A second face sheet configured to substantially break upon occurrence of the trigger event;
The hazard control system of claim 18 comprising: The hazard control system of claim 18, wherein the housing defines at least two compartments configured to receive the control material. 26. A hazard control system according to claim 25, wherein the at least two compartments are interconnected along at least one axis. The housing is configured to fit at least one of a fuel tank, a fuel pump, a vehicle bonnet, a fuel line, a chemical line, an oil pan, a battery compartment, a storage tank, a valve, a connector, and an engine compartment. The hazard control system according to claim 18. The hazard control system of claim 18, wherein the control material is configured to at least partially neutralize at least one of a flammable, corrosive, caustic, acidic, and toxic substance of a hazardous material. The hazard control system of claim 18, wherein the trigger event comprises at least one of shock, acceleration, deceleration, and thermal change. A control material disposed in the housing;
A propellant is disposed in the housing, and configured propellant as in response to a trigger event is sprayed the control member,
The hazard control system of claim 18, further comprising: The hazard control system according to claim 18, further comprising a propellant housed in the housing and configured to propel the control material. The hazard control system according to claim 18, wherein the housing is configured to perform at least one of melting, peeling, and moving to expose the control material. The hazard control system of claim 18, wherein the housing is formed using at least one of extrusion, thermoforming, vacuum forming, injection molding, and blow molding. The casing comprises a material having a row sense, the enclosure is configured to substantially break across Retsuri, hazard control system according to claim 18. A hazard control system with a fire extinguisher,
A housing for containing a fire extinguishing agent;
With
The housing includes a surface configured to substantially bonded to the surface of the vehicle,
The housing has at least two portions defined therein, said two parts are interconnected,
The enclosure is configured to discharge the control material was broken by the impact,
Hazard control system. The two parts defined in the housing are configured to accommodate the control material;
The hazard control system is disposed within the cavity and defining at least partially the two parts further comprises at least one partition,
36. A hazard control system according to claim 35. The housing is
A first face sheet configured to substantially maintain integrity when an impact occurs;
A second face sheet configured to substantially break when an impact occurs;
36. A hazard control system according to claim 35, comprising: The housing surface is configured to fit at least one of a fuel tank, a fuel pump, a vehicle bonnet, a fuel line, a chemical line, an oil pan, a battery compartment, a storage tank, a valve, a connector, and an engine compartment. 36. The hazard control system according to claim 35. 36. A hazard control system according to claim 35, wherein the control material is configured to at least partially neutralize at least one of a flammable, corrosive, caustic, acidic, and toxic substance of a hazardous material. Further comprising a propellant, wherein the housing accommodating the propellant, the propellant is configured so as to spread the control member in the event of an impact, the hazard control system according to claim 35. 36. A hazard control system according to claim 35, wherein the housing is formed using at least one of extrusion, thermoforming, vacuum forming, injection molding, and blow molding. The casing comprises a material having a row sense, the enclosure is configured to substantially break across Retsuri, hazard control system according to claim 35. Providing a hazard control system having a breakable housing for containing a control material;
And mounting the said hazard control system in the vicinity of the hazard source,
A method for controlling hazards from hazard sources, including: 44. The hazard control method according to claim 43, further comprising cutting the casing into a desired size. 44. A hazard control method according to claim 43, wherein the housing includes a surface configured to substantially conform to the hazard source. The hazard source is a fuel tank, wherein the shape of the housing is configured to fit into the fuel tank, the fuel tank is mounted on at least one police vehicle, auto racing vehicles, and mass transit vehicles The hazard control method according to claim 43. 44. A hazard control method according to claim 43, wherein the housing includes a surface configured to substantially conform to a vehicle surface. 44. A hazard control method according to claim 43, wherein the housing includes at least two interconnected grooves. The housing defines a cavity configured to receive the control material;
The hazard control system further comprising at least one partition disposed within the cavity,
44. A hazard control method according to claim 43. The housing is
A first face sheet configured to substantially maintain integrity upon the occurrence of the trigger event;
A second face sheet configured to substantially break upon occurrence of the trigger event;
The hazard control method according to claim 43, comprising: 44. A hazard control method according to claim 43, wherein the housing defines at least two compartments configured to receive the control material. 52. A hazard control method according to claim 51, wherein the at least two compartments are interconnected along at least one axis. The housing is configured to fit at least one of a vehicle fuel tank, a vehicle bonnet, a fuel line, a chemical line, an oil pan, a battery compartment, a storage tank, a valve, a connector, and an engine compartment; 44. A hazard control method according to claim 43. 44. The hazard control method according to claim 43, wherein the control material is configured to at least partially neutralize at least one of flammability, corrosivity, causticity, acidity, and toxicity of harmful substances. 44. The hazard control method according to claim 43, wherein the housing is ruptureable when at least one of impact, acceleration, deceleration, and thermal change occurs. 44. The hazard control method according to claim 43, wherein the control material is pressurized. 57. A hazard control method according to claim 56, wherein the control material is pressurized using at least one of air and gas control material. 44. The hazard control method according to claim 43, further comprising a propellant housed in the housing and configured to propel the control material. 44. The hazard control method according to claim 43, wherein the housing is configured to perform at least one of melting, peeling, and moving to expose the control material. 44. The hazard control method according to claim 43, wherein the casing is formed using at least one of extrusion molding, thermoforming, vacuum forming, injection molding, and blow molding. 44. The hazard control method according to claim 43, wherein the housing includes a material having an array of lines, and the housing is configured to substantially break across the line of operation.