JP2005232845A - Evacuation facility - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an evacuation facility capable of effectively corresponding to a disaster (an earthquake, a tsunami, a fire, a typhoon, a tornado, a landslide, a snowslide, a debris flow or the like). <P>SOLUTION: A shelter is formed by providing an approximately cylindrical room for evacuation to an extension section formed by extending a foundation section 1 formed underground above the ground and a ceiling section 4 above the room, and a rainwater reservoir section 402 and a skylight window 403 are fitted to the ceiling section for the shelter. The rooms having the same shape can be stacked freely to form the evacuation facility, and an entrance 205 for allowing people to move between the rooms when the rooms are stacked and hole for piping are formed passages are provided to constitute the evacuation facility. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to evacuation facilities (for disasters, evacuation, crime prevention, storage shelters, etc.).

  Conventional evacuation facilities are roughly classified into a shelter provided in a building and a shelter provided separately from the building. Of these, the present invention belongs to the latter class. The following inventions can be cited by listing the prior literatures belonging to these latter. Reference (1) includes “emergency evacuation shelter” of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-20663, and reference (2) includes “disaster shelter” of utility model registration No. 3018402. The outline will be described below.

  This document (1) secures an evacuation site at the time of disaster emergency at low cost, and elderly people, children / infants, pregnant women / handicapped persons, sick / injured persons, etc. It is intended that people in areas where the evacuation area is far away can be safely evacuated in a short time. And this invention opens and closes the entrance and exit of a basement (container) equipped with an earth anchor with a hermetic door (lid), and provides an air intake for human living in this basement, and is also suitable for earth pressure, water pressure, etc. It is an emergency evacuation shelter made of a material (drum can) that can withstand even cracking.

  Reference (2) is a disaster prevention evacuation site attached to an existing building to be used as a temporary evacuation site for general households in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake or fire. It is intended to protect against impacts, earthquake collapse, or fire spread. And this device is a steel pipe, a double-layered shelter body with a heat insulating material made up of inner and outer cylinders and end plates formed into a cylindrical shape, and a pipe for circulating cooling water on the outer peripheral surface side of the shelter body In addition to protecting the outer peripheral surface of the shelter body and end plate with a fireproof board, the exterior is coated with heat-resistant coating, and the shelter body is equipped with facilities necessary for daily life, smoke cylinders, lighting bullets, etc. This is a disaster prevention shelter equipped with evacuation equipment equipped with goods or private generators.

JP2003-20663 Utility model registration No. 3018402

  The document (1) is a structure embedded in the ground, and in this structure, there is a problem in building on the ground, and countermeasures against debris flow are not sufficient, and it is considered that the range of use is limited. In addition, this document (1) does not disclose a structure for ensuring the strength of the outer wall, and therefore, problems relating to external pressure such as earth pressure resistance and debris flow are not solved. Therefore, it is desired to eliminate this problem.

  Next, reference (2) is a shelter that uses steel plates, and is a structure that is installed horizontally on the ground. In this structure, there are problems such as securing a place in order to build a series of shelters. Yes, the scope of use is considered to be limited. Reference (2) comprises the inner and outer walls of this shelter made of steel. However, this steel plate is not considered to be a structure that can secure sufficient strength, and problems with external pressure such as earth pressure resistance and debris flow have not been solved. Therefore, it is desired to eliminate this problem.

  The invention of claim 1 is effective for almost all disasters (earthquakes, tsunamis, fires, typhoons, tornadoes, landslides, avalanches, debris flows, or other valuables warehouses, archives, storage rooms, performance spaces, etc.) It is intended to provide evacuation facilities that can respond, to secure an area where several people can live, and to protect them from disasters. In addition, it is intended to be able to stack as necessary and to secure large and small evacuation facilities, to expand the range of use and to secure a space where as many people as possible can evacuate.

Claim 1 is that the foundation part provided in the ground is extended to the ground, a substantially cylindrical evacuation room is formed in this extended part, and a ceiling part is provided above this room to form a refuge The evacuation facility is configured to provide a rainwater reservoir and a skylight on the ceiling of the evacuation site.
This evacuation facility is characterized in that the above-mentioned rooms having the same shape can be freely stacked, and at the time of this stacking, a passage entrance and a hole for piping, electric wires, water pipes and the like that can move between the rooms. Is an evacuation facility characterized by the establishment of

  The invention of claim 2 is intended to achieve the object of claim 1, and to ensure the convenience of each room, the living environment, and the comfortable living space.

  Claim 2 forms the evacuation facility of claim 1 by stacking several other, substantially cylindrical, evacuation rooms of the same shape, and each room has a passage entrance and exit for piping, electric wires, water pipes, etc. The evacuation facility is characterized in that each of these holes is opened individually, and these holes communicate with each other in the longitudinal direction.

  The invention of claim 3 is intended to achieve the object of claim 1, and to ensure the convenience of each room, the living environment, and the comfortable living space. In addition, it intends to evacuate again, take in outside air and light, and / or secure ventilation.

  Claim 3 is an evacuation facility characterized in that a ladder for evacuation is provided on the skylight provided in the ceiling of the evacuation facility of claim 1.

  The invention of claim 4 is intended to achieve the object of claim 1, to strengthen the protective function of the evacuation facility, to enhance safety, or to ensure a comfortable living space.

  Claim 4 is an evacuation facility characterized in that at least one side of the evacuation facility of claim 1 is provided with a branching zone for avoiding collision of debris flow, driftwood, stones, and other collapsed materials.

In the invention of claim 1, the base portion provided in the ground extends to the ground, a substantially cylindrical evacuation room is formed in the extended portion, and a ceiling portion is provided above the room to form a refuge An evacuation facility with a rainwater reservoir and a skylight on the ceiling of the evacuation site,
Evacuation facilities are characterized by the ability to stack rooms of the same shape freely, and opened a doorway for passages that can be moved between rooms, and holes for piping, electric wires, water pipes, etc. It is an evacuation facility.

  Therefore, Claim 1 can provide an evacuation facility that can effectively cope with almost all disasters (earthquakes, tsunamis, fires, typhoons, tornadoes, landslides, avalanches, debris flows, etc.), and secures an area where several people can live Thus, it can be protected from disasters. In addition, as a configuration that can be stacked as necessary and can secure large and small evacuation facilities, there are practical benefits such as expansion of the range of use and a space that can evacuate as many people as possible.

  The invention of claim 2 forms the evacuation facility of claim 1 by stacking several other, substantially cylindrical, evacuation rooms of the same shape, and has a passageway in each room, piping, electric wires, water pipes, etc. It is an evacuation facility that opens individual holes and communicates these holes in the longitudinal direction.

  Accordingly, claim 2 has the characteristics that the object of claim 1 can be achieved, convenience of each room, securing of living environment, and comfortable living space can be secured.

  The invention of claim 3 is an evacuation facility in which an evacuation ladder is provided on a skylight provided in a ceiling portion of the evacuation facility of claim 1.

  Accordingly, claim 3 has the characteristics that the object of claim 1 can be achieved, convenience of each room, securing of living environment, and comfortable living space can be secured. In addition, there is a real advantage that it is possible to evacuate again, take in outside air and light, and / or secure ventilation.

  The invention of claim 4 is an evacuation facility in which a branching zone for avoiding collision of debris flow, driftwood, stones, other collapsed materials, etc. is attached to at least one side of the evacuation facility of claim 1.

  Therefore, claim 4 is characterized in that the object of claim 1 can be achieved, the protection function of the evacuation facility can be enhanced, safety can be improved, or a comfortable living space can be secured.

  An example of the present invention will be described.

  In the present invention, the base portion 1 provided in the ground E is extended to the ground. This base portion 1 is formed by arranging steel materials 100 such as H-shaped steel and C-shaped steel at appropriate intervals, preferably in an annular shape, and surrounding the steel materials 100 with concrete 101, or reinforcing bars if necessary (not shown). This structure is intended to serve as an evacuation facility. The foundation portion 1 is preferably useful as an evacuation facility by reaching the bedrock in the ground E, or about the first floor above the ground (ordinary floor height), and preferably up to the second floor.

  The base portion 1 is provided with a substantially cylindrical evacuation room 2 on the first floor. This room 2 is composed of concrete 201 provided with steel materials 200 (and / or reinforcing bars). In addition, it is also possible to arrange steel materials (not shown) such as H-shaped steel and C-shaped steel at appropriate intervals, preferably in an annular shape, also for reinforcement. Distributing this steel is useful as an evacuation facility. The room 2 has a structure that can be stacked as a basic principle, and in this example, an uneven fitting (an uneven fitting) is used. For example, the fitting between the protruding rod 202 and the recess 202a is used. Desirably, the concave and convex portions 203 and 204 (convex concave and convex portions 204 and 203) are formed on the upper and lower surfaces, and the concave and convex portions 203 and 204 are fitted to prevent misalignment and improve adhesion. A stacked structure. Although not shown in the drawings, the gaps between the rooms 2 are made watertight by using packing when tightening. By securing this sealing structure, it is possible to protect against disasters such as floods, storms, and bad odors. In the figure, 3 indicates a door, but this door 3 also has a watertight structure. In addition, the floor 2a (bottom surface) of the room 2 has an entrance / exit 205 through which people enter and exit and / or a hose 207 (water pipe) for water supply, emergency piping such as air, water, and food transportation, or wiring (wires) , Telephone lines and other lines), pipes for air (air pipes), and pipes 206 through which other daily necessities are passed. The entrance / exit 205 and the pipe 206 are ideally configured to communicate with each room 2, and the entrance / exit 205 may be provided with elevating means such as a ladder and a pole (not shown). The pipe 206 is provided with a ventilation port 206a, and a faucet 206b of the hose 207 is provided. The floor 2a is made of reinforced concrete or steel plate. Further, a lifting / lowering means 208 such as a ladder, rope, bar or elevator may be provided between the rooms 2. Further, it is desirable that the projecting rod 202 and the concavo-convex portions 203 and 204 are fastened using a joint fitting 209 such as a nut and / or bolt, other fastening tool, or a joint means.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a ceiling portion, and the ceiling portion 4 is fixed using the concave portion 203 (convex portion 204) of the room 2 and the convex portion 400 (concave portion 401) of the ceiling portion 4. This securing is a watertight structure, but is an example. The ceiling part 4 is provided with a rainwater storage part 402 and a skylight 403. The rainwater storage unit 402 is used as drinking water / tap alternative water in case of emergency, and in some cases sprinkling using a filter (not shown). The other is in accordance with the connection mechanism of room 2.

  Detachable evacuation ladder 5 is suspended from the skylight 403 and used as an emergency evacuation route in this example. In the figure, 6 indicates a heat insulating material provided on the inner surface of the room 2.

  In the drawing, an example in which the base portion 1 and the room 2 are integrated is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this example.

  The example of FIG. 5 is a configuration example in which a branch zone 10 is provided to avoid impacts such as debris flow, landslide, driftwood / stone (rock), etc. The branch zone 10 has a substantially triangular shape in plan view. In addition, as a configuration in which the convergent portion is located on the outside, the debris flow, landslide, driftwood, stone, and the like are branched. In this example, a steel material 1000 such as an H-shaped steel or a C-shaped steel is arranged at an appropriate interval, and the steel material 1000 is surrounded by concrete 1001 or a reinforcing bar (not shown) is arranged as necessary. And / or intended to serve as an evacuation facility. And this branch zone 10 is installed in the mountain side. In principle, it is considered unnecessary on the coast, but it can be installed if necessary to cope with driftwood and tsunami.

  A drainage basin 11 is provided in the basement to drain the room 2. Although not shown, it is natural to appropriately provide various facilities necessary for each person's life (communication devices such as an electric light, a ventilation fan, a telephone, and a fax machine).

Sectional drawing which showed the preferable example of this invention FIG. 1 is an enlarged front view of the main part of the example of FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the example of FIG. Cross section of the room of the example of FIG. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection state between rooms in the example of FIG. Cross-sectional view showing another example of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

1 Basic part
100 steel
101 concrete
2 rooms
2a Floor
200 steel
201 concrete
202
202a recess
203 recess
204 Convex
205 doorway
206 pipe
206a Ventilation opening
206b faucet
207 hose
208 Lifting means
209 Joint bracket
3 door
4 Ceiling
400 Convex
401 recess
402 Rainwater storage
403 skylight
5 Evacuation ladder
6 Insulation
10 branch band
1000 steel
1001 concrete
11 Reservoir
E Underground

Claims (4)

A base part provided in the ground is extended to the ground, a substantially cylindrical evacuation room is formed in this extended part, and a ceiling part is provided above this room to form a refuge. An evacuation facility with a rainwater reservoir and a skylight on the ceiling of
This evacuation facility is characterized in that the above-mentioned rooms having the same shape can be freely stacked, and at the time of this stacking, a passage entrance and a hole for piping, electric wires, water pipes and the like that can move between the rooms. An evacuation facility characterized by the establishment of The evacuation facility according to claim 1 is formed by stacking several other, substantially cylindrical, evacuation rooms of the same shape, and each room has a passage entrance and a hole for piping, electric wires, water pipes, etc. An evacuation facility that opens and communicates these holes in the longitudinal direction. 2. An evacuation facility, wherein a ladder for evacuation is provided on a skylight provided in a ceiling portion of the evacuation facility according to claim 1. 2. An evacuation facility characterized in that a branching zone for avoiding collision of debris flow, driftwood, stones, and other collapsed materials is attached to at least one side of the evacuation facility of claim 1.

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