JP2005059155A - Groove processing method, groove workpiece, and molded article - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform groove processing excellent in flatness by measuring inclination of a rotary shaft of a tool. <P>SOLUTION: In this groove processing method of performing the groove processing using an end surface and the outer peripheral surface of the tool 4, before the groove processing, one surface is processed, a workpiece 2 is rotated by 180°, and the other surface is processed, an angle formed by planes processed with the end surface of the tool 4 is measured, the inclination of the rotary shaft of the tool is measured, the inclination of the tool 4 is adjusted based on the value, and then the groove processing is performed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a grooving method, a grooved product, and a molded product that perform grooving using an end face and an outer peripheral surface of an end mill tool.

For example, as shown in FIG. 2 (a) on page 27 of Non-Patent Document 1, there is a machining method in which grooves are machined on the end face and circumferential surface of an end mill-shaped tool.
Mechanical Technology 1998 Vol.46 No.6 P27 Figure 2 (a)

In the case of this method, when the tool rotation axis is not perpendicular to the tool feed direction on the plane including the tool feed direction and the tool rotation axis, there is a problem that the shape in the end face direction becomes a concave shape.
In the present invention, after one surface is processed, the workpiece is rotated 180 degrees, the other surface is processed, and the angle formed by the plane processed by the end surface of the tool is measured, thereby rotating the tool. The purpose is to measure the inclination of the shaft and perform groove processing with excellent flatness.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a grooving method for grooving using an end face and an outer peripheral surface of a tool. The workpiece is rotated 180 degrees, the other surface is machined, and the angle formed by the plane machined at the end face of the tool is measured to measure the inclination of the tool rotation axis. The most important feature is a grooving method in which grooving is performed after adjusting the inclination.
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the grooving method according to claim 1, the grooving method is performed in which the rotation center of the tool is outside the workpiece.
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the grooving method according to claim 2, the grooving method is performed by setting the inclination of the tool so that the tool end surface on the workpiece side becomes higher.
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the grooving method of claim 1, the grooving method using an interferometer for measuring the inclination of two planes is a main feature.
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the grooving method according to claim 1, the grooving method in which the inclination of two planes is measured by a measuring instrument mounted on a processing machine.
The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in the grooving method of claim 5, the grooving method using an optical stylus as a measuring instrument is a main feature.
The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the grooving method of claim 5, the grooving method using a contact probe as a measuring instrument is a main feature.
The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in the grooving method of claim 1, a grooving method using single crystal diamond as a tool is a main feature.
The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that the grooved product processed by the groove processing method of claim 1 is the main feature.
The invention according to claim 10 is characterized in that the molded product formed by the grooved product of claim 9 is the main feature.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to perform grooving with excellent plane accuracy by measuring the inclination of the tool rotation axis and adjusting the inclination of the tool rotation axis based on the measured value.
According to the second aspect of the invention, since there is no switching of the cutting direction during machining, the machining can be performed stably, and therefore the inclination of the rotation axis of the tool can be measured with high accuracy.
According to invention of Claim 3, since the process surface for a measurement can be processed only in the end surface direction of a tool, process resistance can be made small. As a result, the inclination of the tool axis can be measured more accurately.
According to the invention described in claim 4, since the inclination of the machining surfaces can be accurately measured by measuring the inclination of the machining surface for measuring the tool axis inclination with an interferometer, the inclination of the tool axis is accurately measured. be able to.
According to the invention described in claim 5, since the inclination measurement can be performed without removing the workpiece, the inclination of the tool can be adjusted in a short time.
According to invention of Claim 6, it can measure in a short time.
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the processed surface can be measured without being affected by the optical characteristics of the processed surface.
According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, since it is possible to process a measuring surface with excellent surface roughness and shape accuracy, it is possible to improve the measurement accuracy of the inclination of the tool axis, and to have excellent shape accuracy. Grooving can be performed.
According to the ninth and tenth aspects of the invention, it is possible to obtain a groove-shaped processed product having excellent shape accuracy. Further, by molding using the groove-shaped processed product, a groove-shaped molded product having excellent shape accuracy can be formed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention. When the groove 1 is processed in the workpiece 2 as shown in FIG. 1, a cutting tip is provided at the tip of the cylindrical portion 3a as shown in FIG. There is a method in which the end mill tool 4 to which 3 is attached is rotated about the tool rotation shaft 5 to process the groove 1 on the end surface and outer peripheral surface of the tool 4.
FIG. 3 shows a state of machining from the direction A in FIG. In the drawing, an angle β indicates an angle formed by the straight line 6 perpendicular to the moving direction F of the tool and the rotation axis 5 of the tool 4.
In FIG. 4, 3L and 3L ′ indicate the trajectory of the tool when the tool is rotated. 4, (a) shows the case where β is 0 in FIG. 3, and (b) shows the case where β ≠ 0 in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, when β is 0, the processed groove 1 is a straight groove, but when β ≠, as shown in 1 ′ of (b), the groove is an arc-shaped groove. Become.
FIG. 5 shows the groove shape, where P indicates the groove pitch, θ indicates the groove inclination angle, and d indicates the groove depth. FIG. 6 shows a state in which the groove shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 shows a state in which the groove has an arc shape when the tool is tilted. In FIG. 7, δ indicates the depth of the arc with respect to the groove to be machined when the main axis inclination is zero. FIG. 8 shows the relationship between β in FIG. 4 and the arc depth δ shown in FIG. 7 when P = 5 mm, d = 5 μm, and R = 6 mm in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 8, it can be seen that a concave shape having a depth of about 50 nm is obtained even when the inclination is about 5 seconds. Therefore, when performing the processing shown in FIG. 2, it is understood that β shown in FIG.
In the present invention, after processing one surface, the workpiece is rotated 180 degrees, another surface processing is performed, and an angle formed by a plane processed at the end face of the tool by two processings is measured. By measuring the inclination β of the rotation axis and adjusting the inclination of the tool rotation axis based on the measured value, grooving with excellent plane accuracy is performed.

9A shows a case where the center of rotation of the tool is inside the workpiece, and FIG. 9C shows a case where the center of rotation of the tool is outside the workpiece. Further, (b) and (d) respectively show the state viewed from the direction of the arrow (upper surface) in (a) and (c).
When the rotation center of the tool 4 is inside the workpiece 2 as shown in FIG. 9A, the cutting direction of the tool 4 is different between the A direction and the B direction with respect to M as shown in FIG. 9B. I understand that. In this case, since the machining resistance during machining changes between the A direction and the B direction, there is a problem that the shape accuracy of the machined surface is deteriorated and the measurement accuracy of the inclination of the machined surface is deteriorated.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9C, when the center of rotation of the tool 4 is outside the workpiece 2, the cutting direction is not changed as shown in FIG. And the inclination of the rotation axis of the tool 4 can be measured with high accuracy.
As shown in FIG. 10, when the rotation axis of the tool is inclined so that the tool end surface on the workpiece side is lowered, as shown in the figure, machining is performed not only in the end surface direction but also in the circumferential direction. Therefore, there is a problem that the machining resistance increases and the accuracy of the machining surface for measurement deteriorates.
Therefore, by setting the inclination of the tool 4 so that the tool end surface on the workpiece side is high (so that only the tool end surface can be processed), the processing surface for measurement is measured only in the direction of the end surface of the tool. Machining can be performed to accurately measure the inclination of the tool axis.
By measuring the inclination of the machining surface for measuring the tool axis inclination with an interferometer, the inclination between the machining surfaces can be accurately measured, so that the inclination of the tool axis can be measured with high accuracy.
By measuring the inclination with a measuring instrument attached on the processing machine, the inclination can be measured without removing the work piece, so that the inclination of the tool can be adjusted in a short time.
By using an optical stylus as a measuring instrument, measurement can be performed in a short time without damaging the workpiece. When a contact-type probe is used as the measuring instrument, the processed surface can be measured without being affected by the optical characteristics of the processed surface.
By using single crystal diamond as a tool, it is possible to process the measurement surface with excellent surface roughness and shape accuracy, so that the measurement accuracy of the tool axis tilt can be improved and the shape accuracy is improved. Excellent groove processing can be performed.

FIG. 11 shows the configuration of the processing machine. In the figure, 2 is a workpiece, 4 is an end mill tool, and 5 is a rotation axis of the end mill tool. Reference numerals 7, 8, and 9 indicate movement tables in the X, Y, and Z directions, respectively.
10 is an A-axis table that rotates the rotary shaft 5 of the tool in the A-axis direction, 11 is a B-axis table that rotates the rotary shaft 5 in the B-axis direction, and 12 is a C-axis table that rotates the rotary shaft 5 in the C-axis direction. Is shown. Reference numeral 13 denotes a tool spindle for rotating the end mill tool 4, and reference numeral 14 denotes a processing machine main body.
FIG. 12 shows a state where a machining surface for measurement is produced. In FIG. 12, the left side shows a state of machining on the YZ plane in FIG. 11, and the right side shows a perspective view of the machining surface. Show. In FIG. 12, (a) shows a state before processing. Next, while rotating the tool 4, the tool 4 is moved in the X-axis direction of FIG. 11 to process the measurement processing surface 21A (FIG. 12B). Next, the workpiece 20 is rotated 180 degrees around the C axis shown in FIG. 11 (c). After the workpiece 20 is rotated 180 degrees, the processing surface 21B for measurement is processed (d).

As shown in FIG. 13, when the angle formed by the two machining surfaces 21A and 21B is φ, the relationship between the inclination β and φ of the tool rotation axis shown in FIG. 3 is φ = 180 + 2β (the unit is degrees). β = (φ−180) / 2. Therefore, β can be obtained by measuring the angle φ formed by the measurement processed surfaces 21A and 21B.
As a method of measuring φ, there is a method of measuring with an interferometer. In this case, although it is necessary to remove the workpiece from the processing machine, β can be obtained with high accuracy because measurement with high measurement accuracy and reproducibility can be performed.
When measurement is performed using a measuring instrument attached to the processing machine, the measurement can be performed with the workpiece attached to the processing machine. Therefore, after adjusting β, it is easy to repeatedly perform the processing of the measurement processing surface again, so that the inclination β of the tool rotation axis can be obtained in a short time.
As the measurement by the measuring instrument attached to the processing machine, there is a method of measuring by scanning the optical stylus 30 attached to the processing machine as shown by an arrow as shown in FIG. When using an optical stylus, the measurement can be performed in a short time.
As a measuring instrument attached to a processing machine, there is also a method of attaching a contact probe 31 as shown in FIG. In this case, the scanning speed is slower than that of the optical stylus, but there is an advantage that measurement can be performed without being affected by the optical characteristics of the workpiece.
In the case of the present invention, the material of the tool is not particularly limited. However, when single crystal diamond is used as the tool, processing with excellent shape accuracy and surface roughness can be performed, and the measurement accuracy of the inclination of the tool axis can be improved. Since it can be improved, groove processing with better shape accuracy can be performed.

It is a figure which shows the workpiece which carried out the groove process. It is a figure which shows a mode that a groove | channel is processed into a workpiece. It is A view of FIG. It is a figure which shows the locus | trajectory of a tool. It is a figure which shows the groove shape of a workpiece. It is a figure which shows a mode that the groove | channel shown in FIG. 5 is processed. It is a figure which shows a mode that a groove | channel becomes circular arc shape when a tool inclines. It is a figure which shows the relationship between (beta) of FIG. 3, and circular arc depth (delta) shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the case where the rotation center of a tool exists in the inner side and the outer side of a workpiece. It is a figure which shows a mode that it processes in an end surface direction and the circumferential direction. It is an external view of a processing machine. It is a figure which shows a mode that the process surface for a measurement is produced. It is a figure which shows angle (phi) which two process surfaces make. It is a figure which shows the mode of the measurement by an optical stylus. It is a figure which shows the mode of the measurement by a contact type probe.

Explanation of symbols

1 Groove 2 Workpiece 4 Tool

Claims (10)

  In a grooving method for grooving a workpiece using the end face and outer peripheral surface of the tool, before performing grooving, after machining one surface, the workpiece is rotated 180 degrees to obtain another surface. Measure the inclination of the tool rotation axis by measuring the angle formed by the plane machined at the end face of the tool, adjust the tool inclination based on the value, and then perform grooving Grooving method.   The grooving method according to claim 1, wherein the grooving method is performed in a state where the center of rotation of the tool is arranged outside the workpiece.   3. The grooving method according to claim 2, wherein the machining is performed by setting the inclination of the tool so that the workpiece is machined only by the end face of the tool.   2. A grooving method according to claim 1, wherein an interferometer is used for measuring the inclination of two planes.   2. The grooving method according to claim 1, wherein the inclination of two planes is measured by a measuring instrument mounted on a processing machine.   6. A grooving method according to claim 5, wherein an optical stylus is used as a measuring instrument.   6. The grooving method according to claim 5, wherein a contact probe is used as a measuring instrument.   2. The grooving method according to claim 1, wherein single-crystal diamond is used as a tool.   A grooved product processed by the groove processing method according to claim 1. A molded product formed by the grooved product according to claim 9.

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