FR2611888A1 - Munitions with short-duration high-pressure propulsion, and associated recoilless launches - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the invention is the production of a projectile ''1'', ejected by a quasi-explosion of a tube/chamber ''3'', adjusted by calibrated break points ''19'', and of a recoilless launch device ''9'' and ''10'' which are associated, and are regulated by the effect of the mass of the barrel ''9'', and by a muzzle brake ''11'' limited by an end-of-recoil damper ''12''.

Description

The object of the invention is to produce a munition having the particularity that the projectile ejected at a desired speed has the characteristic of operating by a breaking effect of a calibrated mechanical retention of the pressure of the propellant charge, giving no recoil and allowing the use of an adapter for launching projectiles of various calibers.

Everyone knows the effects of constraints given to a projectile to increase the pressure of the propellant charge intended to propel a hunting weapon (shock effect) conical barrel with smooth core, firing shell-arrows.

The object of the invention is to replace the firing means, linked to the applications cited above, by an explosion effect almost approaching that of an explosive, which, after rupture of a mechanical retention point, activates the projectile, and, by its reaction, its launcher.

Figure 1 shows a non-limiting example of the ammunition according to the invention, conventionally stabilized, by rotation of the projectile.

Figure 2 shows a nonlimiting, simplified example of a launcher according to the invention and to the ammunition described in Fig.l.

FIG. 3 represents the adaptation, to a weapon forming part of the invention, of projectiles of higher calibers.

We will describe a projectile according to the invention, by way of example, such as Figure 1.

A shell 1, loaded with explosive or not, is linked for example, by a junction pin 2, to a snug 3, by pins or a thread calibrated for a predicted breaking value (19).

This thunder sleeve 3, is equipped with a striker 4, acting on a primer 5, fixed on a pressure sealing part 6. The shape of the striker 4, as shown in Fig.l, shows that it also assumes sealing.

The ammunition described in Fig.l, is provided with a groove 7, capable of receiving blocking balls 8, as shown in Fig.2, which lock the projectile of the
Fig.l, in the tube 9 of Fig.2, relative to the guide tube 10 of Fig.2.

The distance between the position of the locking balls 8 and the end of the tube 9 corresponds to the recoil of said tube 9, as a function of its weight ratio, relative to that of the projectile.

At the end of the journey, the balls (prisoners of 9) release the thunder sleeve 3 of Fig.l, after total ejection of the projectile 1 of Fig.l.

At the moment when the projectile 1 leaves the flight of the soul, the muzzle brake 11, which enters into braking action from the recoil of the tube 9, the said recoil of which dies on a recoil damper 12, identical to 11 and fixed on the guide tube 11.

As described, the weapon according to the invention, is a recoilless barrel, without rear gas ejection, and possibly at high projectile speed: 1,000 m / s to 2,000 m / s, for almost instantaneous pressures of 1,000 to 5,000 Bars.

The brevity of the high pressure effect, thanks to propellants with very high combustion speed (quasi explosion), makes it possible to use launchers (9) with very low mechanical inertia, therefore very light.

According to the invention, the projectile 1, linked to the junction pin 2, can be rotated by means of pins 13, linked and sliding in calibrated slots 14, machined in the thunder socket 3.

The thunder socket 3, being ejected after firing and the barrel 9 being moved back, the rearming consists of re-introducing a cartridge and pushing car -touch and barrel to the initial position: the percussion which is classic (mechanical or electric) is not part of the invention (known techniques).

Of course, and, claimed in the invention, it is possible to attach to the weapon, piecemeal, briefly described, an electromagnetic "KIT" for example of very simplified automatic reloading, due to the absence of cylinder head.

The weapon described in Figures 1 and 2 can, for example, be a light caliber weapon, 20 mm. for example, at high initial speed, perfectly exploitable, as a group weapon in the Infantry.

Linked to a summary telemetry, the weapon briefly described according to the invention, can fire existing projectiles (or to be produced) and of caliber superior to his: Figure 3 gives the application, in accordance with the invention.

Figure 3 shows, by way of example, an adapter introducing into the tube "9", comprising a firm, substantially conical cavity "16"; a cavity "17" receiving, for example, a rifle cartridge without a bullet, into which has been inserted a pin "18", provided with a percussion point and a spring 19.

The shell, fired by the weapon described by the invention, is made of soft alloy, acting progressively in the profile "16" of the adapter "15", which advancing
hit on "18t ', the cartridge put in
hence ejection in two stages of the projectile1, lll "
the spring "19" later ejecting the pin - per
"18" cutter.

Therefore, the weapon, according to the invention and according to the
Figures 1 and 2, can fire all rifle grenades
conventional: bearable accelerations
being calibrated thanks to the progressive action of the
projectile 1, soft in ''16 ", and with elastic mat
that created by the cartridge located in- "17".

The weapon, described above and schematized by the
Figures 1 and 2 and 3, is mainly intended for equi
per light weight, infantrymen, or
terrestrial, aerial vehicles or light vehicles
or even sailors, while providing performance
at least equal to existing materials.

Naturally, the propulsion system described above allows either by stacking 3-2 sets (with a striker pin in 2 replacing shell 1, or by adding a 3-2 set to a conventional projectile for "pulling" ".

Claims (4)

10 Ammunition having the characteristic, according to the invention, of not operating on a long trigger, but on an almost explosion limited by a breaking point. 20 Ammunition having according to claim 1, provided with calibrated breaking points 19, releasing the pressure given by a chemical propellant at very high speed of combustion (quasi explosive) and ramp, allowing pins 13, to stabilize in rotation the projectile .  3 Ammunition, according to claims 1 and 2, completely sealed in pressure, and, provided at the point of their circumference, with a groove 7, allowing their blocking, between their launch tube 9 and their guide tube 10, by a device ball. 40 Recoil elimination device due to the mass of the launching tube 9, then to a muzzle brake 11, with total damping of the movement by joining 11 to the damper 12 (air mattress effect).  5 Possibilities of providing the weapon according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, with an automatic and autonomous reloading device (electro-mechanical for example). 60 Device according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, for adapting projectiles of different calibers and possibly existing, to that of the aforementioned weapon, and comprising a two-stage shock absorber, using a progressive action of a soft alloy projectile 1, in a cavity 14, linked to the action of a load located in a chamber 15, providing elastic damping to the second projectile 111 70 Ammunition according to claim 1, can be fired in "pull-out" either with similar ammunition, or with conventional ammunition.