FR2485102A1 - Distribution control vanes appts. for high head water turbine - uses pair of thin blades in place of single heavy vane for more precise control of water flow and better sealing - Google Patents
Distribution control vanes appts. for high head water turbine - uses pair of thin blades in place of single heavy vane for more precise control of water flow and better sealing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2485102A1 FR2485102A1 FR8012032A FR8012032A FR2485102A1 FR 2485102 A1 FR2485102 A1 FR 2485102A1 FR 8012032 A FR8012032 A FR 8012032A FR 8012032 A FR8012032 A FR 8012032A FR 2485102 A1 FR2485102 A1 FR 2485102A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- vanes
- profiles
- vane
- profile
- movable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
- F03B3/183—Adjustable vanes, e.g. wicket gates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/46—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
- F04D29/466—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable especially adapted for liquid fluid pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La presente invention se rapporte à un organe reglable de distribution de fluide pour machine hydroelectrique telle que pompe, turbine ou turbine-pompe, de haute chute. The present invention relates to an adjustable fluid distribution member for a hydroelectric machine such as a pump, turbine or turbine-pump, of high head.
Dans les pompes, turbines, ou turbines-pompes, le règlage du débit d'eau se fait généralement au moyen d'un organe de distribution de fluide, appele "distrïbuteur" lorsque la machine fonctionne en turbine, et "diffuseur" lorsque la machine fonctionne en pompe. In pumps, turbines, or pump-turbines, the regulation of the water flow is generally done by means of a fluid distribution member, called "distributor" when the machine operates in turbine, and "diffuser" when the machine works as a pump.
Dans le cas du fonctionnement en turbine par exemple, on rencontre successivement de l'amont vers l'aval - la volute d'alimentation en eau, ou banche, - un premier organe de distribution, appelé "avant-distributeur" constitué d'aubes directrices fixes en position, - un distributeur mobile formé de profils orientables montés sur tourillons et situés tous, par rapport à l'axe de la machine, sur un diamètre determine dit "diamètre de perçage". Ces profils sont souvent appelés "directrices mobiles".In the case of turbine operation, for example, there are successively from upstream to downstream - the water supply volute, or branch, - a first distribution member, called "pre-distributor" consisting of blades guidelines fixed in position, - a mobile distributor formed of orientable profiles mounted on trunnions and all situated, relative to the axis of the machine, on a determined diameter called "drilling diameter". These profiles are often called "mobile directors".
- la roue à aubes formant le coeur de la turbine.- the impeller forming the heart of the turbine.
Dans le cas d'une machine fonctionnant en pompe, on retrouve tous ces éléments, le sens de circulation de l'eau étant évidemment inversé. Un dispositif de ce type est par exemple schématise dans le brevet français publié sous le numéro 2.093.363. In the case of a machine operating as a pump, all of these elements are found, the direction of water circulation obviously being reversed. A device of this type is, for example, shown schematically in the French patent published under the number 2,093,363.
Les profils orientables constitutifs du distributeur et/ou diffuseur définissent, suivant leur orientation, une section de passage plus ou moins grande qui limite le debit d'eau dans les. mêmes proportions. ns peuvent fermer complètement le passage du fluide de façon étanche, à l'arrêt dans le cas général et en particulier au démarrage dans le cas du fonctionnement en pompe. Ils doivent alors résister à la pression correspondant a la chute, ce qui conduit, pour les hautes chutes, à déterminer des profils très épais conditionnés par les calculs de résistance des matériaux. The orientable profiles constituting the distributor and / or diffuser define, according to their orientation, a more or less large passage section which limits the flow of water in them. same proportions. They can completely close the fluid passage in a sealed manner, when stopped in the general case and in particular at start-up in the case of pump operation. They must then resist the pressure corresponding to the fall, which leads, for high falls, to determine very thick profiles conditioned by the resistance calculations of the materials.
L'épaisseur necessitée en conséquence pour ces profils est toutefois très préjudiciable. D'une part en effet, leurs extrémités relativement épaisses donnent naissance à des sillages qui engendrent des pertes et à des tourbillons de Karman qui créent des instabilités dans l'écoulement, d'autre part en augmentant pour une machine donnée l'épaisseur de ces profils on limite trop le débit possible, de sorte que l'on est alors conduit, pour le débit souhaitable, à augmenter les dimensions de la machine. The thickness required consequently for these profiles is however very detrimental. On the one hand indeed, their relatively thick ends give rise to wakes which generate losses and to Karman vortices which create instabilities in the flow, on the other hand by increasing for a given machine the thickness of these profiles we limit the possible flow too much, so that we are then led, for the desirable flow, to increase the dimensions of the machine.
Le distributeurtdiffuseur de l'invention ne présente pas ces inconvénients. I1 est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des directrices mobiles constituées chacune par deux profils minces substantiellement parallèles et dont le contour exterieur est approximativement inscrit dans celui du profil plein qui- correspondrait à un profil de directrice mobile d'une seule pièce de même roule. The distributor and diffuser of the invention does not have these drawbacks. I1 is characterized in that it comprises movable guidelines each consisting of two substantially parallel thin profiles and whose external contour is approximately inscribed in that of the full profile which would correspond to a profile of movable director in one piece of the same roll .
L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description suivante d'un exemple de réalisation, en référence aux dessins annexes dans lesquels - la figure 1 est une vue schématique par le dessus d'un distributeurdiffuseur de turbine-pompe conforme à l'invention - la figure 2 est une coupe schématique, selon la direction AB de la figure 1, d'une directrice mobile selon l'invention. The invention will be better understood with the aid of the following description of an exemplary embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which - Figure 1 is a schematic view from above of a turbine-pump distributor distributor according to the invention. invention - Figure 2 is a schematic section, in the direction AB of Figure 1, of a movable director according to the invention.
Sur la figure 1, on a désigné par la référence 1 la volute d'alimentation en eau, ou "bâche" de la turbine-pompe et par la référence 2 sa roue, dont on a trace le profil 3 d'une de ses aubes constitutives. Entre la bâche 1 et la roue 2 est situé l'organe de distribution de fluide 4, appelé distributeur dans le cas du fonctionnement en turbine et diffuseur dans le cas du fonctionnement en pompe. In Figure 1, we have designated by the reference 1 the water supply scroll, or "tarpaulin" of the pump-turbine and by the reference 2 its wheel, of which we have drawn the profile 3 of one of its blades constitutive. Between the cover 1 and the wheel 2 is located the fluid distribution member 4, called a distributor in the case of turbine operation and a diffuser in the case of pump operation.
Cet organe de distribution est constitué d'une part d'aubes fixes 5 constituant les avant-directrices, et, conformément à l'invention, de couples d'aubes (6, 7) parallèles et orientables par rotation autour d'un axe commun 8. Chaque couple (6, 7) constitue une des directrices mobiles de l'art antérieur et est tel que son contour extérieur vienne approximativement s'inscrire dans le contour 9, représenté en pointillés sur le dessin, de la directrice pleine de l'art antérieur exerçant la même fonction hydraulique, en particulier les angles d'entrée et de sortie des profils (6-7 et 9) étant conserves.En realité, le contour extérieur de chaque couple (6, 7) est avantageusement un peu plus large que celui du profil plein correspondant, l'épaisseur des profils (6, 7) étant calculée, compte tenu de leurs autres dimensions, de manière à ce que leur inertie géométrique par rapport a la fibre moyenne soit la même qu'avec le profil unique 9 de l'art antérieur. On pourra ainsi utiliser des organes d'ouverture et de fermeture non surdimensionnés par rapport à ceux qu'auraient nécessité les profils anterieurs 9.This distribution member consists on the one hand of fixed vanes 5 constituting the guidewheels, and, according to the invention, of pairs of vanes (6, 7) parallel and orientable by rotation about a common axis 8. Each pair (6, 7) constitutes one of the movable directors of the prior art and is such that its outer outline comes approximately to be inscribed in the outline 9, shown in dotted lines in the drawing, of the full director of the prior art exercising the same hydraulic function, in particular the angles of entry and exit of the profiles (6-7 and 9) being conserved. In reality, the external contour of each pair (6, 7) is advantageously a little wider than that of the corresponding full profile, the thickness of the profiles (6, 7) being calculated, taking into account their other dimensions, so that their geometrical inertia with respect to the average fiber is the same as with the single profile 9 of the prior art. It will thus be possible to use opening and closing members that are not oversized compared to those that the anterior profiles 9 would have required.
Sur la figure 2, qui est une vue en coupe d'un des couples (6, 7) constituant une des directrices mobiles de l'invention, on voit que les profils (6, 7) sont réunis par deux plateaux d'extrémité (12, 14) ainsi qu'avantageusement par au moins une entretoise 13. L'ensemble est rendu mobile de manière classique par l'intermédiaire de deux tourillons (10, 11) situes selon l'axe 8. In FIG. 2, which is a sectional view of one of the pairs (6, 7) constituting one of the movable guidelines of the invention, it can be seen that the profiles (6, 7) are joined by two end plates ( 12, 14) as well as advantageously by at least one spacer 13. The assembly is made movable in a conventional manner by means of two pins (10, 11) located along the axis 8.
Comme on le voit sur la partie inférieure droite de la figure 1, qui représente deux couples (6', 7' et 6", 7") de directrices mobiles orientées en position de fermeture, la fermeture s'effectue sur les profils (6', 6") situés le plus près de la roue 2. On obtient ainsi une surface de fermeture pratiquement lisse et située très près de la roue, ce qui permet de limiter au maximum la puissance de barbotage au démarrage en pompe. As can be seen on the lower right-hand side of FIG. 1, which represents two pairs (6 ', 7' and 6 ", 7") of movable directors oriented in the closed position, the closure is effected on the profiles (6 ', 6 ") located closest to wheel 2. This gives a practically smooth closing surface and located very close to the wheel, which makes it possible to limit the bubbling power as much as possible when starting up at the pump.
On voit qu'avec les directrices (6) 7) de l'invention, la section de passage de l'eau est notablement plus grande qu'avec un profil plein (9) de l'art antérieur, ce qui permet, à dimensions de machine égales, de passer un débit plus grand, donc de fournir une puissance superieure lorsque les machines fonctionnent en turbine. We see that with the guidelines (6) 7) of the invention, the water passage section is significantly larger than with a solid profile (9) of the prior art, which allows, to dimensions of equal machine, to pass a higher flow, thus to provide a higher power when the machines operate in turbine.
Par ailleurs, les extrémités sont très minces, ce qui evite, aussi bien dans le sens turbine que dans le sens pompe, la création de sillages et de tourbillons. Furthermore, the ends are very thin, which avoids, both in the turbine direction and in the pump direction, the creation of wakes and vortices.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8012032A FR2485102A1 (en) | 1980-05-30 | 1980-05-30 | Distribution control vanes appts. for high head water turbine - uses pair of thin blades in place of single heavy vane for more precise control of water flow and better sealing |
BR8103232A BR8103232A (en) | 1980-05-30 | 1981-05-25 | ORAGOS OF DISTRIBUTION OF FLUID FOR HYDROELECTRIC MACHINE |
AR285454A AR225963A1 (en) | 1980-05-30 | 1981-05-26 | IMPROVEMENTS IN FLUID DISTRIBUTION ORGANS FOR A HYDROELECTRIC MACHINE |
CA000378606A CA1154351A (en) | 1980-05-30 | 1981-05-29 | Distribution system for high head hydroelectric machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8012032A FR2485102A1 (en) | 1980-05-30 | 1980-05-30 | Distribution control vanes appts. for high head water turbine - uses pair of thin blades in place of single heavy vane for more precise control of water flow and better sealing |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2485102A1 true FR2485102A1 (en) | 1981-12-24 |
FR2485102B1 FR2485102B1 (en) | 1982-07-23 |
Family
ID=9242518
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8012032A Granted FR2485102A1 (en) | 1980-05-30 | 1980-05-30 | Distribution control vanes appts. for high head water turbine - uses pair of thin blades in place of single heavy vane for more precise control of water flow and better sealing |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AR (1) | AR225963A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8103232A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1154351A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2485102A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0532907A1 (en) * | 1991-09-19 | 1993-03-24 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Axial turbine |
US5207559A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1993-05-04 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Variable geometry diffuser assembly |
WO2011128587A1 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | Turbomeca | Method for adapting the air flow of a turbine engine having a centrifugal compressor and diffuser for implementing same |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR501182A (en) * | 1914-02-02 | 1920-04-06 | Escher Wyss & Cie Const Mec | Steering device for "francis" hydraulic turbines |
CH428442A (en) * | 1965-01-25 | 1967-01-15 | Hitachi Ltd | Guide vane arrangement in a switchable pump turbine or pump |
FR1542344A (en) * | 1967-11-07 | 1968-10-11 | Voest Ag | Fixed impeller for pumping turbines |
-
1980
- 1980-05-30 FR FR8012032A patent/FR2485102A1/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-05-25 BR BR8103232A patent/BR8103232A/en unknown
- 1981-05-26 AR AR285454A patent/AR225963A1/en active
- 1981-05-29 CA CA000378606A patent/CA1154351A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR501182A (en) * | 1914-02-02 | 1920-04-06 | Escher Wyss & Cie Const Mec | Steering device for "francis" hydraulic turbines |
CH428442A (en) * | 1965-01-25 | 1967-01-15 | Hitachi Ltd | Guide vane arrangement in a switchable pump turbine or pump |
FR1542344A (en) * | 1967-11-07 | 1968-10-11 | Voest Ag | Fixed impeller for pumping turbines |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5207559A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1993-05-04 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Variable geometry diffuser assembly |
EP0532907A1 (en) * | 1991-09-19 | 1993-03-24 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Axial turbine |
WO2011128587A1 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | Turbomeca | Method for adapting the air flow of a turbine engine having a centrifugal compressor and diffuser for implementing same |
FR2958967A1 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-21 | Turbomeca | METHOD FOR ADJUSTING TURBOMACHINE AIR FLOW WITH CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR AND DIFFUSER THEREFOR |
RU2564158C2 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2015-09-27 | Турбомека | Method of air flow rate regulation in centrifugal compressor of turbo-machine and diffuser for its implementation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2485102B1 (en) | 1982-07-23 |
AR225963A1 (en) | 1982-05-14 |
CA1154351A (en) | 1983-09-27 |
BR8103232A (en) | 1982-02-16 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ST | Notification of lapse |