FI128268B - Prefabricated construction unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a building element for multi-family houses and detached houses consisting of a fully or partially covering structural panel (2, 4, 6, 8), for example made of gypsum and paper mixture, alternatively fiberglass, wood fiber or cement based boards. The boards (2, 4, 6, 8) are fixed to the grooves (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) by gluing (1) by screwing / nailing the NO building system, whereby the system achieves airtight cells (A-L) throughout the building element.

Description

Building elements

This invention relates to a building element for multi-dwelling houses and private houses consisting of a whole or part of a covering construction board, for example made of gypsum and paper bonding, alternatively fiberglass, wood fiber or cement-based boards which are attached to wooden / steel shelves.

The most traditional construction method of today's prefabricated building elements (compartment walls and small-house elements) is a wooden frame with partially broken cold bridges and is traditionally insulated with mineral wool, glass wool or cellulose insulation. The wall thicknesses vary up to passive housing constructions of 500 mm. The construction is also lined with a windscreen / cardboard exterior and a moisture barrier (plastic wrap) inside as well as a cardboard-covered plasterboard. Air leakage at levels of 1.5 l / cm ² - 0.04 l / cm ² is not unusual.

It also now appears that in the traditional construction method, the organic materials have been exchanged for non-organic materials such as steel and cement-based sheets or other inorganic sheet materials. All this in order to achieve as close as possible moisture and mold resistant climate shell (wall construction) but with continued air leakage as a result.

From the prior art, publications SE 531168 C2, US 2129441 A, Fl 8747 Ul, US 2009100780 A1, JP 2002235385, WO 9966148 A1 and US 5297369 A. are known. The publications SE 531168 C2 and US 2129441 A present a prefabricated structural element, Fl 8747 Ul an air-insulated wall structure, US 2009100780 A1 presents a structurally insulated panel system, JP

2002235385 presents a structure for mounting multi-air heat insulating layers,

WO 9966148 A1 presents a wall and ceiling element and the publication US 5297369 A presents a building structure with several spaced apart support members. None of these solutions succeed in presenting a building element with airtight cells suitable for thermal insulation where the cold bridge is also broken in the building element.

Characteristic of the invention is that the boards are attached to the bars by gluing and screwing / nailing according to an NO building system, whereby the method obtains airtight cells throughout the building element.

This invention relates to a completely new logistics, assembly and building system with which the customer receives: A logistical and climate-adapted building shell where air, diffuse2

20115021 PRH 23 -09- 2019 ions and wind seals are of great importance for a building's energy use, moisture safety, thermal comfort and hygiene, air quality, sound environment, spread of fire and the spread of air pollution from inside and outside. Air tightness is a decisive factor both for the durability of the construction and for a good indoor environment in modern buildings5. In addition, airtight houses are profitable in the long run for the actors involved. In the long term also for the environment. Studies done show that a building's energy consumption for heating decreases by almost 30% if the air density (actually air permeability) is improved from 0.8 l / cm ² to 0.4 l / cm ² . According to this invention, the customer receives an actual air permeability of 0.0 1 / cm ^2. Such a large reduction in energy use should not be achieved with other energy improvement measures.

An airtight wall element consists of NO-graded wood joists / steel joists ex 45 x 45 (the dimension of the joists can be varied depending on the dimension of air gap / cell) and NO-classified organic or inorganic sheet material thickness 6 mm - 13 mm. The thickness and the need for the number of wall elements can be determined by the designer depending on the need for the U-value of the wall structure. The boards are attached to the joists by gluing and screwing / nailing. The gap between rule / distance rule / distance and disk forms an airtight cell. The rules / spacers are arranged so that the cold bridge is broken so that at least one rule / distance is at a different location, not lineal, than the following rule / distance in the air gaps / cells in a row. Airtight cells are obtained throughout the building element and by airtightness it is meant that the cells of the element can withstand an airtightness (actual air permeability) of 0.0 1 / cm ² as they form the climate shell for the building. Between each disc surface and the regulating surface, double sealed glue joints consisting of two parallel glue strands shall be applied and between the glue strings 25 screw or nail joints shall be placed at a C / C distance which may vary depending on the substrate, predetermined to meet the air tightness requirement. The space between the rule-rule and the disk forms an airtight cell. The construction board (s) are joined together and at the rules with glue applied to both the rule and the building board. All screw-alternative nail joints are placed over the longitudinal center line of the respective rule included in the element, the transition between vertical and horizontal rule shall be provided with glue joint.

The end result is a building shell where air, diffusion and windproofing are of great importance for a building's energy use, moisture safety, thermal comfort and hygiene, air quality, sound environment, prevents the spread of fire and the spread of air pollutants from inside and outside. Air tightness is a decisive factor both for the durability of the construction and for a good indoor environment in modern buildings. Airtight houses are

20115021 PRH 23 -09 2019 is also profitable in the long term for the actors involved. In the long term also for the environment. Studies done show that a building's energy consumption for heating decreases by almost 30% if the air density (actually air permeability) is improved from 0.8 l / cm ² to 0.4 l / cm ² . According to this invention, the customer receives an actual air permeability of 0.0 1 / cm ^2. Such a large reduction in energy use should not be achieved with other energy improvement measures.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a wall element containing 12 pieces. cells. The design also has the ability to fill each airtight cell with NO-rated insulating material,

Fig. 2 shows an NO building system airtight "Single" where you can see a simple single element consisting of a control frame 45 x 45 c / c 600 mm and simple building board 10 mm on both sides. No breaking of cold bridge, glue and screw / nail joints made according to NO building system.

Density 18kg - 26 kg / m ² V thickness 65 mm

Fig. 3 shows an NO building system airtight "Single + Single" where you can see two single elements constructed as above but in contrast connected. No breaking of cold bridge. Breaking of the cold bridge can be achieved by displacing one of the building elements with, for example, 300 mm, glue and screw / nail joints made according to NO building systems.

Density 36kg - 52kg / m ² V thickness 130 mm

Fig. 4 shows an NO-building system airtight Combined break of cold bridge where one can see the same single element as in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 combined with a single-sided airtight 300 mm offset plate and control frame. Here, a clear break of cold bridge, glue and screw / nail joints is made according to NO building systems.

Density 27kg - 39kg V - thickness 120 mm

Fig. 5 shows an example of a combined single element with a cold bridging breaking rule "Smart" with insulation and free dimensioning. Here you see the different combination possibilities with single elements that create double air-tight cells (air gaps) with the help of NO-Airtight building systems. Here you can also see the 30 installation space created for electricians and other installers to work without puncturing the air tightness in the NO climate shell. Glue and screw / nail joints made according to NO building system.

20115021 PRH 23 -09- 2019

Density 59 kg V-thickness 225 mm

Parts of the figures:

Glue joint 1

Smart insulation rule 1.1

Wooden rule 1.2

Tear gel 1.3

Full disc without joints 2

Airtight space 3

Full disc without joints 4

Airtight space 5

Full disc without joints 6

Installation space 7

Disc 8

Item assembly:

NO wall systems create new conditions for building a controlled air tightness in apartment buildings and private homes in a controlled, practically applicable way. Thanks to the single-element design principle, multi-layer disc structures open up the possibility of a quality-assured production and a quality-assured mounting sy20 system.

NO-wall systems can be mounted under controlled forms in multi-layered "Lego" systems with an alternate fit to obtain a quality assured air tightness in the climate shell.

Production:

NO building systems refer to a new building system that results in a building element with a high degree of prefabrication for apartment buildings and private homes. NO wall systems are intended to be prefabricated in a factory environment under careful control and quality assurance. Due to the structure of the element with solid sheet material included in the construction, penetrations in the sheet material can be carried out using the market for 30 methods.

Transport:

NO wall systems can be transported and handled with moderate truck and crane capacity thanks to their shear stability and light construction. The wall system maintains its measurement and fitting accuracy due to its built-in stability.

Moisture Certification / Fire Protection:

The new inventive product NO wall system can be treated with the "WS J treatment method, which entails a completely new technique for the installation of building structures such as walls which contain organic building material. Thanks to the WSJ method, the boards and wood frame can obtain moisture ratio certification with documents10 critical critical moisture ratio (mold resistant). The construction can be obtained with moisture ratio certification> 90% and wooden rules with moisture ratio certification and fire protection class Bsl, dO. In some safe dry spaces, "WSJ" treated discs do not need to be used.

The invention also allows the manufacture of wall thicknesses in addition to known standards. The invention is not limited in the above example but may vary within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. Building elements for multi-dwelling houses and private houses where the elements are intended for the climate shell and consist of one or all of the covering construction boards (2, 4, 6, 8), for example made of plaster and paper or alternatively 5 fiberglass, wood fiber or cement based boards which is attached to wooden / steel rails, characterized in that the boards (2, 4, 6, 8) are fixed to the rails (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) by gluing (1) and screwing / nailing, the gap between the rule / spacing rule / spacing. and disk forming an airtight cell, and the rules / spacers are arranged so that the cold bridge is broken so that at least one rule / distance is at a different location, not linear, than the following rule / distance in the air gaps / cells in a row, where air-tight cells throughout the building element and by air density means that the cells of the element can withstand an air density (actual air permeability) of 0.0 1 / cm ² as they form the climate shell of the building, where between each disc surface and shelf surface are applied double sealed glue joints consisting of two parallel glue strands and between the glue strands are placed screw / nail joints with a C / C distance which may vary depending on the substrate, predetermined that the air tightness requirement is met, the gap between the rule rule and the disk image an airtight cell, and where the construction board (s) are joined together and at the rules with adhesive applied to both the rule and the building board, and where all screw / nail joints are placed over the longitudinal center line of the respective rule included in the element, the transition between vertical and horizontal rule is provided with glue joint.