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EP4221978A1 - Vitre composite - Google Patents

Vitre composite

Info

Publication number
EP4221978A1
EP4221978A1 EP21785877.8A EP21785877A EP4221978A1 EP 4221978 A1 EP4221978 A1 EP 4221978A1 EP 21785877 A EP21785877 A EP 21785877A EP 4221978 A1 EP4221978 A1 EP 4221978A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pane
outside surface
coating
laminated
applied directly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21785877.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stephan GILLESSEN
Lisa SCHMADTKE
Jefferson DO ROSARIO
Robert Besler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE202020105642.5U external-priority patent/DE202020105642U1/de
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of EP4221978A1 publication Critical patent/EP4221978A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

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    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
    • B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
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    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
    • B32B17/10385—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires for ohmic resistance heating
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    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
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    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3681—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
    • C03C27/10—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H05B3/86—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields the heating conductors being embedded in the transparent or reflecting material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/28—Multiple coating on one surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/103—Metal fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/202—Conductive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/204—Di-electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/206—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402—Coloured
    • B32B2307/4023—Coloured on the layer surface, e.g. ink
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/41—Opaque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/414—Translucent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/416—Reflective
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
    • B32B2307/7375—Linear, e.g. length, distance or width
    • B32B2307/7376—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B32B2311/02—Noble metals
    • B32B2311/08—Silver
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/90—Other aspects of coatings
    • C03C2217/94—Transparent conductive oxide layers [TCO] being part of a multilayer coating
    • C03C2217/948—Layers comprising indium tin oxide [ITO]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
    • C03C2218/365—Coating different sides of a glass substrate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite pane that can be heated electrically and a method for producing it.
  • Panes with an electric heating layer are known as such and have already been described many times in the patent literature. Reference is made in this context to DE 102008018147 A1, DE 102008029986 A1 and WO 00/7263 A1, merely as an example. In motor vehicles, they are often used as windscreens, since the central field of vision is not allowed to have any visual restrictions, with the exception of heating wires, due to legal requirements. The heat generated by the heating layer can remove condensed moisture, ice and snow in a short time. Such panes are usually manufactured as composite panes in which two individual panes are connected to one another by a thermoplastic adhesive layer.
  • the heating layer can be applied to one of the inner surfaces of the individual panes, although structures are also known in which it is located on a carrier which is arranged between the two individual panes.
  • a laminated pane can also be heated using heating wires.
  • a composite pane with heatable wires is disclosed in DE 103 52 464 A1.
  • State-of-the-art heatable composite panes are a major electrical consumer in a vehicle.
  • the heating element heats up and the heat is transported into the thermoplastic intermediate layer of the laminated pane, the outer pane and the inner pane by thermal conduction.
  • glass generally conducts heat better than the thermoplastic intermediate layer, the heat from the heating element arranged on the outside of the inner pane is mainly conducted to the inner pane and is hardly conducted to the outer pane via the thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • Standard glass has an emissivity of around 80% to 90%.
  • EP 2 718 098 B1 describes a laminated pane with a heatable first coating and a second coating, the second coating having low emissivity, disclosed.
  • US 2009/0104385 A1 is a composite pane with a
  • Anti-reflective coating and coatings with other functionalities are disclosed.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a laminated pane which can be heated electrically and in which the heating function is improved.
  • the invention relates to a laminated pane, at least comprising a laminated stack sequence of an outer pane with an outside surface and an inside surface, an inner pane with an outside surface and an inside surface and at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer, which connects the inside surface of the outside pane to the outside surface of the inner pane connects.
  • a heatable element is applied directly to the interior surface of the outer pane or to the outside surface of the inner pane.
  • a coating reflecting heat rays is applied directly to the interior surface of the inner pane and/or a coating reflecting heat rays is applied directly to the outside surface of the outer pane.
  • the laminated pane is intended to separate an interior space in a window opening, in particular the interior space of a vehicle or a building, from the outside environment.
  • the composite pane is a laminate and comprises a first and a second glass pane, which are referred to as the outer pane and inner pane within the meaning of the invention and are connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • inner pane refers to the pane facing the interior in the installed position.
  • the outer pane is the pane that faces the outside when installed.
  • the surface on the interior side is understood within the meaning of the invention as that surface of the panes which faces the interior in the installed position.
  • the outside surface or outside or outside surface
  • the surfaces of the glass panes are typically designated as follows:
  • the outside surface of the outer pane is referred to as side I.
  • the surface of the outer pane on the interior side is referred to as side II.
  • the outside surface of the inner pane is referred to as Side III.
  • the interior surface of the inner pane is referred to as side IV.
  • the interior surface II of the outer pane and the outside surface III of the inner pane face each other and are connected to one another by means of the at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • a coating that reflects the heat rays is applied directly to the interior surface IV of the inner pane and/or directly to the outside surface I of the outer pane.
  • Such coatings are known, for example, from WO2013/131667A1.
  • the thermal ray reflective coating may also be referred to as a low emissivity coating, emissivity reducing coating, thermal ray reducing coating, low-E coating or low-E layer. It has the task of reflecting thermal radiation, i.e. in particular IR radiation, which has longer wavelengths than the IR component of solar radiation.
  • the thermal radiation-reflecting coating preferably extends over the entire interior surface IV of the inner pane and/or over the entire outside surface I of the outer pane.
  • the coating that reflects heat rays may extend over only part of the interior surface IV of the inner pane and/or over only part of the outside surface I of the outer pane.
  • a protective layer is applied to the thermal radiation-reflecting coating. This optional protective layer serves to protect against corrosion and/or damage.
  • the heatable element is applied directly to the outside surface III of the inner pane, and a coating that reflects heat rays is applied directly to the inside surface IV of the inner pane.
  • the heatable element is applied directly to the interior surface II of the outer pane and a thermal radiation-reflecting coating is applied directly to the interior surface IV of the inner pane.
  • the heatable element is applied directly to the interior surface II of the outer pane and a thermal radiation-reflecting coating is applied directly to the outside surface I of the outer pane.
  • the heatable element is applied directly to the outside surface III of the inner pane and a coating that reflects heat rays is applied directly to the outside surface I of the outer pane.
  • the heatable element is applied directly to the outside surface III of the inner pane, a coating that reflects heat rays is applied directly to the outside surface IV of the inner pane, and a coating that reflects heat rays is applied directly to the outside surface I of the outer pane .
  • the heatable element is applied directly to the interior surface II of the outer pane, a coating that reflects heat rays is applied directly to the outside surface IV of the inner pane, and a coating that reflects heat rays is applied directly to the outside surface I of the outer pane .
  • thermal radiation-reflecting coating When a thermal radiation-reflecting coating is arranged on the interior-side surface IV of the inner pane, this prevents inward thermal radiation from the inner pane heated by the heatable element. This reduces the emission of thermal radiation into the interior and heats the laminated pane more efficiently.
  • a thermal radiation-reflecting coating is arranged on the outside surface I of the outer pane, this prevents the thermal radiation of the outer pane heated by the heatable element to the outside. This reduces the emission of thermal radiation into the external environment and heats the laminated pane more efficiently. If a thermal radiation-reflecting coating is arranged on the interior surface IV of the inner pane and a thermal radiation-reflecting coating on the outside surface I of the outer pane, both the thermal radiation from the inner pane heated by the heatable element and the thermal radiation from the outer pane heated by the heatable element can be directed inward be prevented on the outside, so that the laminated pane is heated particularly efficiently and the release of thermal radiation into the external environment or the interior is reduced.
  • the thermal radiation-reflecting coating on the interior surface IV of the inner pane reduces the emission of thermal radiation into the interior and/or the thermal radiation-reflecting coating on the outside surface I of the outer pane reduces the emission of thermal radiation into the outer Surroundings are reduced, thereby heating the laminated pane more efficiently than prior art laminated panes.
  • the laminated panes according to the invention consume less electricity for the same heating effect than laminated panes according to the prior art. The same heating effect is achieved earlier or less power has to be provided in order to achieve the same heating effect within a certain time.
  • the thermal radiation-reflecting coating on the interior surface IV of the inner pane and/or the thermal radiation-reflecting coating on the outside surface I of the outer pane both reduce the emission of thermal radiation from the vehicle interior into the external environment when the outside temperatures are cold, and the thermal radiation or Reduced cold radiation into the vehicle interior. This reduces the so-called cold-wall effect.
  • the heatable element can be designed as a heatable coating.
  • the heatable coating preferably comprises a layer system with at least one metal layer embedded between dielectric oxide or nitride layers, in particular at least one metallic silver layer.
  • the heatable element can be designed as at least one heatable wire, with a tungsten wire being preferred.
  • the heatable element is designed as at least one tungsten wire. This means that the heatable element is particularly preferably designed as a tungsten wire or an arrangement of tungsten wires.
  • the heatable element can also be designed, for example, in the form of printed silver wires.
  • the heatable element designed as a heatable coating preferably extends over the entire interior surface II of the outer pane minus a peripheral, frame-shaped, coating-free area with a width of 1 mm to 50 cm, preferably 2 mm to 20 cm, and particularly preferably 1 cm to 20 cm , or over the entire outside surface III of the inner pane minus a peripheral, frame-shaped, coating-free area with a width of 1 mm to 50 cm, preferably 2 mm to 20 cm and particularly preferably 1 cm to 20 cm.
  • the uncoated edge area is hermetically sealed by gluing to the thermoplastic intermediate layer. This advantageously protects the heatable coating from damage and corrosion, which emanates in particular from the edge of the laminated pane.
  • the heatable coating can also extend over the entire interior surface II of the outer pane or over the entire outside surface III of the inner pane.
  • local areas that are used as communication, sensor or camera windows that are intended to ensure the transmission of electromagnetic radiation through the laminated pane are not provided with the heatable coating and/or not with the coating that reflects heat rays.
  • the heatable coating and the coating that reflects heat rays are each a transparent, functional coating that is intended to provide the pane surface with changed properties.
  • a coating is considered to be transparent if it has an average transmission in the visible spectral range of at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, and as a result does not significantly restrict the view through the vehicle window.
  • the heatable coating and the coating that reflects heat rays are each in particular a thin-layer coating, ie designed as a thin layer or thin-layer stack.
  • a heatable coating is an electrically conductive coating through which current flows when electrically contacted.
  • the electrical conductivity is provided in particular by the fact that one or more individual layers of the coating are formed as electrically conductive layers, for example based on a metal, in particular based on silver, alternatively based on gold, aluminum or copper, for example.
  • electrically conductive layers for example based on a metal, in particular based on silver, alternatively based on gold, aluminum or copper, for example.
  • dielectric layers which, for example, are intended to increase light transmission as antireflection layers, improve the crystallinity of the electrically conductive layer as adaptation layers or improve the surface structure for the overlying layers as smoothing layers.
  • Common materials for the dielectric layers include silicon nitride, titanium oxide, aluminum nitride, tin oxide, zinc oxide, tin-zinc mixed oxide, and silicon oxide.
  • the thickness of an electrically conductive layer of the heatable coating is preferably from 5 nm to 50 nm, particularly preferably from 8 nm to 25 nm. In this range for the thickness of the electrically conductive layer, an advantageously high transmission in the visible spectral range and a particularly advantageous electrical conductivity reached.
  • At least one dielectric layer is typically arranged in each case between two adjacent electrically conductive layers of the heatable coating.
  • a further dielectric layer is preferably arranged below the first and/or above the last electrically conductive layer.
  • a dielectric layer contains at least a single layer of a dielectric material, for example a nitride such as silicon nitride or an oxide such as aluminum oxide.
  • the dielectric layer can also comprise a plurality of individual layers, for example individual layers of a dielectric material, smoothing layers, matching layers, blocking layers and/or antireflection layers.
  • the thickness of a dielectric layer is, for example, from 10 nm to 200 nm.
  • This layer structure is generally obtained by a sequence of deposition operations carried out by a vacuum process such as magnetic field-assisted sputtering.
  • Heatable coatings are known, for example, from WO2013/104438 A1, WO20 13/104439 A1 or WO 2016/020113 A1.
  • the heatable coating can, for example, also be one of the conductive coatings described in WO 2019/179683 A1 or WO 2020/094422 A1.
  • the thermal radiation-reflecting coating preferably comprises a functional layer containing a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), preferably indium tin oxide (ITO, indium tin oxide), tin oxide doped with antimony or fluorine and/or zinc oxide doped with gallium and/or aluminum (ZnO : Ga, or ZnO: AI), with indium tin oxide being preferred.
  • TCO transparent conductive oxide
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • ZnO Ga, or ZnO: AI
  • indium tin oxide being preferred.
  • the functional layer can also contain other electrically conductive oxides, for example fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO2:F), antimony-doped tin oxide (SnO2:Sb), indium-zinc mixed oxide (IZO), gallium-doped or aluminum-doped zinc oxide, niobium-doped titanium oxide, cadmium stannate and/or zinc stannate.
  • fluorine-doped tin oxide SnO2:F
  • antimony-doped tin oxide SnO2:Sb
  • indium-zinc mixed oxide IZO
  • gallium-doped or aluminum-doped zinc oxide niobium-doped titanium oxide
  • cadmium stannate cadmium stannate
  • zinc stannate zinc stannate
  • the indium tin oxide is preferably deposited by means of magnetic field-assisted sputtering with an indium tin oxide target.
  • the target preferably contains from 75% by weight to 95% by weight of indium oxide and from 5% by weight to 25% by weight of tin oxide as well as admixtures caused by production.
  • the tin-doped indium oxide is preferably deposited under a protective gas atmosphere, for example argon. A small proportion of oxygen can also be added to the protective gas, for example to improve the homogeneity of the functional layer.
  • the target may preferably contain at least from 75% to 95% by weight indium and from 5% to 25% by weight tin.
  • the indium tin oxide is then preferably deposited with the addition of oxygen as reaction gas during cathode sputtering.
  • the thermally reflective coating also typically includes dielectric layers, formed in particular from dielectric oxides or nitrides, such as ZnO, SnZnO, AlN, TiO2, SiO2 or SisN ⁇ to ensure sufficiently low reflection from the inside.
  • dielectric oxides or nitrides such as ZnO, SnZnO, AlN, TiO2, SiO2 or SisN ⁇ to ensure sufficiently low reflection from the inside.
  • the emissivity of the pane according to the invention can be influenced by the thickness of the functional layer of the thermal radiation-reflecting coating.
  • the thickness of the functional layer is preferably 40 nm to 200 nm, particularly preferably 60 nm to 150 nm and very particularly preferably 65 nm to 85 nm, for example about 75 nm. In this range for the thickness, particularly advantageous values for the emissivity and a particularly advantageous ability of the thermal radiation-reflective coating to undergo a mechanical transformation such as bending or prestressing without damage survive, achieved.
  • the interior-side emissivity of the laminated pane according to the invention is preferably less than or equal to 50%, particularly preferably from 10% to 50%, very particularly preferably from 10% to 35%.
  • Interior-side emissivity is the measure that indicates how much heat radiation the pane emits in the installed position compared to an ideal heat radiator (a black body) in an interior space, for example a building or a vehicle.
  • emissivity is understood to mean the normal degree of emission at 283 K according to the EN 12898 standard.
  • the heatable element which as described above can be in the form of a heatable coating or heatable wires, is connected to a voltage source in order to conduct an electric current through the heatable element, which heats up as a result.
  • Suitable voltages are the on-board voltages customary in the vehicle sector, for example 12 V to 14 V or typical on-board voltages of up to 500 V for electric vehicles.
  • the heatable element is preferably provided with busbars, which are Voltage source can be connected.
  • the busbars can, for example, be in the form of printed and burned-in conductors, typically in the form of a burned screen-printing paste with glass frits and silver particles.
  • strips of an electrically conductive foil can also be used as busbars, which are placed or glued onto the heatable coating or the ends of the heatable wires, for example copper foil or aluminum foil.
  • the two busbars are positioned near two opposite edges of the laminated pane, such as the top and bottom edges.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer is formed by one or more thermoplastic polymer films.
  • the thermoplastic films preferably contain polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) and/or mixtures thereof and/or copolymers thereof, particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral.
  • the films are preferably based on the materials mentioned, but may contain other components, for example plasticizers, colorants, IR or UV absorbers, preferably in a proportion of less than 50%.
  • the individual polymer films in particular the PVB films, preferably have a thickness of about 0.025 mm (25 ⁇ m) to 1 mm, in particular from 25 ⁇ m to 125 ⁇ m and from 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 50 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 0.38mm or 0.76mm.
  • Other properties of the laminated glass pane can be influenced via the thickness of the foils. For example, thicker PVB films bring about improved soundproofing, especially if they contain an acoustically effective core, increased burglary resistance of the laminated glass pane and also increased protection against ultraviolet radiation (UV protection).
  • UV protection ultraviolet radiation
  • thermoplastic intermediate layer is formed from one or more polyvinyl butyral films.
  • thermoplastic intermediate layer can be a functional intermediate layer, in particular an intermediate layer with acoustically damping properties, an intermediate layer that is tinted at least in sections and/or an intermediate layer that is colored at least in sections.
  • the outer pane and/or the inner pane can be made of glass and/or polymers, preferably soda-lime glass, alkali aluminosilicate glass, polycarbonate and/or polymethyl methacrylate.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are made of glass.
  • Suitable glass sheets include glass sheets known by the trade names Planiclear and Planilux (each clear glass), VG10, VG20, VG40 or TSANx, TSA3+, TSA4+ from Saint-Gobain, the glasses of the VG series being grey-tinted glasses and bei those of the TSA series are green colored lenses.
  • the outer pane and/or the inner pane preferably have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 4 mm, particularly preferably a thickness of 1.6 mm to 2.1 mm.
  • the outer pane and/or the inner pane can have a constant thickness or can also be slightly wedge-shaped.
  • the outer pane, the inner pane and the at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer can be clear and colorless, but can also be tinted or colored. the In a preferred embodiment, the total transmission through the laminated glass is greater than 70%.
  • the term total transmission refers to the procedure specified by ECE-R 43, Appendix 3, Section 9.1 for testing the light transmittance of motor vehicle windows.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane can be unprestressed, partially prestressed or prestressed independently of one another. If at least one of the panes is to have a prestress, this can be a thermal or chemical prestress.
  • the laminated pane is preferably curved in one or more spatial directions, as is customary for motor vehicle panes, with typical radii of curvature being in the range from about 10 cm to about 40 m.
  • the composite pane can also be flat, for example if it is intended as a pane for buses, trains or tractors.
  • the outer pane, the inner pane and the at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer can have suitable coatings known per se, for example anti-reflection coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings or photocatalytic coatings.
  • the heatable element can be connected to a voltage source as described above. According to the invention, therefore, a laminated pane as described above, in which the heatable element is connected to a voltage source.
  • a laminated pane according to the invention can additionally include a cover print, in particular made of a dark, preferably black, enamel.
  • the masking print is in particular a peripheral, ie frame-like, masking print.
  • the peripheral masking print primarily serves as UV protection for the assembly adhesive of the laminated pane.
  • the cover print can be opaque and full-surface.
  • the cover print can also be semi-transparent, at least in sections, for example as a dot grid, stripe grid or checkered grid.
  • the covering print can also have a gradient, for example from an opaque covering to a semi-transparent covering.
  • the masking print is usually applied to the interior surface of the outer pane or to the interior surface of the inner pane, with the masking print preferably being applied to a pane surface on which neither a heatable coating nor a coating that reflects heat rays is arranged in the laminated pane according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a composite pane, at least comprising the following steps: a) providing an outer pane with an outside surface I and an inside surface II, an inner pane with an outside surface III and an inside surface IV, and at least one thermoplastic Intermediate layer, in which a heatable element is applied directly to the interior surface II of the outer pane or to the outside surface III of the inner pane and a heat-ray-reflecting coating directly to the interior-side surface IV of the inner pane and/or a heat-ray-reflecting coating directly to the outside surface I applied to the outer pane; b) forming a stack sequence from the outer pane, the at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer and the inner pane, such that the interior surface II of the outer pane and the outer surface III of the inner pane face each other and the at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane is; c) Connecting the outer pane and the inner pane via the at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer to form a composite
  • the lamination is preferably carried out under the action of heat, vacuum and/or pressure.
  • Methods known per se can be used for lamination, for example autoclave methods, vacuum bag methods, vacuum ring methods, calendering methods, vacuum laminators or combinations thereof.
  • the thermal radiation-reflecting coating is preferably applied by physical vapor deposition (PVD) to the interior surface IV of the inner pane and/or to the outside surface I of the outer pane, particularly preferably by cathode sputtering ("sputtering”), very particularly preferably by magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering.
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • the heatable element is designed as a heatable coating, this is preferably applied by physical vapor deposition (PVD) to the interior surface II of the outer pane or to the outside surface III of the inner pane, particularly preferably by cathode atomization ("sputtering"), very particularly preferably by magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering.
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • sputtering cathode atomization
  • busbars required for connecting the heatable element to a voltage source are applied before the lamination step.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably subjected to a bending process before lamination and preferably after any coating processes.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably bent congruently together (i.e. at the same time and using the same tool), because the shape of the panes is then optimally matched to one another for the lamination that takes place later.
  • Typical temperatures for glass bending processes are 500°C to 700°C, for example.
  • the thermal radiation-reflecting coating is only applied to the interior surface (IV) of the inner pane after the lamination process and/or the thermal radiation-reflecting coating is applied to the outer surface (I) of the outer pane only after the lamination process.
  • the composite pane according to the invention can be used in a vehicle on water, on land or in the air, preferably as a windscreen of a vehicle, particularly preferably as a windscreen of a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car.
  • the laminated pane according to the invention can also be used in building glazing or in other architectural glazing.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the cross section through the embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention shown in FIG. 3 shows the cross section through a further embodiment of one according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows the cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated pane according to the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows the cross section through a further embodiment of a laminated pane according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention and FIG. 2 shows the cross section through the composite pane shown in FIG. 1 along the section line XX′.
  • the laminated pane 1 has an upper edge O and a lower edge U and two side edges S.
  • FIG. The laminated pane 1 comprises an outer pane 2 and an inner pane 3, which are laminated to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 and are thereby permanently connected.
  • the composite pane 1 is provided, for example, as a windshield of a passenger car, with the outer pane 2 being intended to face the outside environment and the inner pane 3 being intended to face the vehicle interior.
  • the outer pane 2 has an outside surface I and an inside surface II.
  • the inner pane 3 has an outside surface III and an inside surface IV.
  • the outside surfaces I and III face the outside environment in the installed position, the interior surfaces II and IV face the vehicle interior in the installed position.
  • the interior surface II of the outer pane 2 and the outside surface III of the inner pane 3 face each other.
  • the outer pane 2 contains, for example, soda-lime glass and has a thickness of 2.1 mm, for example.
  • the inner pane 3 contains, for example, soda-lime glass and has a thickness of 1.6 mm, for example.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 contains or consists of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and has a thickness of 0.76 mm, for example.
  • composite panes 1 according to the invention can also have other dimensions adapted to the respective individual case and in particular other layer thicknesses for the outer pane 2 , inner pane 3 and thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 .
  • a heatable element s in the form of a heatable coating is arranged on the outside surface III of the inner pane 3 .
  • the heatable coating is constructed, for example, as described in WO 2020/094422 A1 and comprises at least four electrically conductive silver layers, each of which is arranged between two dielectric layers or layer sequences, the sum of the thicknesses of all electrically conductive silver layers being at most 30 nm and at least one of the electrically conductive silver layers has a maximum thickness of 5 nm.
  • a coating 6 reflecting heat rays is arranged on the interior surface IV of the inner pane 3 .
  • the coating 6 that reflects heat radiation includes, for example, a functional ITO layer with a thickness of 60 nm to 150 nm and also further dielectric layers above and below the functional layer, in particular made of Al-doped SiO 2 and SiI 2 .
  • the thermal radiation reflecting coating 6 reduces the radiation of the thermal radiation emitted by the heatable element 5 designed as a heatable coating through the laminated pane into the vehicle interior. On the other hand, the thermal radiation-reflecting coating 6 also reduces the emission of thermal radiation from the vehicle interior at low outside temperatures.
  • the heatable element 5 can be connected to a voltage source via busbars (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • FIG. 3 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 1 according to the invention.
  • the composite pane 1 shown in cross section in Fig. 3 differs from the composite pane 1 shown in cross section in Fig. 2 only in that the heatable element 5 designed as a heatable coating is not on the outside surface III of the inner pane 3, but on the interior surface II of the outer pane 2 is applied.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention.
  • the laminated pane 1 is intended, for example, as a windshield of a passenger car, with the outer pane 2 intended to face the outside environment and the inner pane 3 intended to face the vehicle interior to be facing.
  • the outer pane 2 has an outside surface I and an inside surface II.
  • the inner pane 3 has an outside surface III and an inside surface IV.
  • the outside surfaces I and III face the outside environment in the installed position, the interior surfaces II and IV face the vehicle interior in the installed position.
  • the interior surface II of the outer pane 2 and the outside surface III of the inner pane 3 face each other.
  • the outer pane 2 contains, for example, soda-lime glass and has a thickness of 2.1 mm, for example.
  • the inner pane 3 contains, for example, soda-lime glass and has a thickness of 1.6 mm, for example.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 contains or consists of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and has a thickness of 0.76 mm, for example. It goes without saying that composite panes 1 according to the invention can also have other dimensions adapted to the respective individual case and in particular other layer thicknesses for the outer pane 2 , inner pane 3 and thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 .
  • a heatable element 5 in the form of a heatable coating is arranged on the inside surface II of the outer pane 2 .
  • the heatable coating is constructed, for example, as described in WO 2020/094422 A1 and comprises at least four electrically conductive silver layers, each of which is arranged between two dielectric layers or layer sequences, the sum of the thicknesses of all electrically conductive silver layers being at most 30 nm and at least one of the electrically conductive silver layers has a maximum thickness of 5 nm.
  • the coating 6 that reflects heat radiation includes, for example, a functional ITO layer with a thickness of 60 nm to 150 nm and also further dielectric layers above and below the functional layer, in particular made of Al-doped SiO 2 and SisN 4
  • the thermal radiation reflecting coating 6 reduces the radiation of the thermal radiation emitted by the heatable element 5 designed as a heatable coating through the laminated pane to the outside.
  • the thermal radiation-reflecting coating 6 also reduces the emission of thermal radiation from the vehicle interior at low outside temperatures.
  • Fig. 5 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention.
  • the composite pane 1 shown in cross section in Fig. 5 differs from that shown in cross section in Fig. 4 only in that the heatable element 5 designed as a heatable coating does not on the inside surface II of the outer pane 2, but on the outside surface III of the inner pane 3 is arranged.
  • Fig. 6 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention.
  • the composite pane 1 shown in cross section in Fig. 6 differs from that shown in cross section in Fig. 2 only in that on the outside surface I of the outer pane 2 a thermal radiation reflecting coating 6 is applied.
  • Fig. 7 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention.
  • the composite pane 1 shown in cross section in Fig. 7 differs from that shown in cross section in Fig. 3 only in that on the outside surface I of the outer pane 2 a thermal radiation reflecting coating 6 is applied.
  • FIG. 8 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of a laminated pane 1 according to the invention.
  • the embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention shown in cross section in FIG. 8 differs from that shown in FIG. 2 only in that the heatable element 5 is designed as an arrangement of heatable wires.
  • the wires that can be heated are, for example, tungsten wires with a diameter between 10 ⁇ m and 33 ⁇ m. This can involve, for example, a plurality of wires arranged parallel to one another or a single wire which extends in a serpentine manner over the outside surface III of the inner pane 3 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une vitre composite (1) et son procédé de fabrication. La présente invention concerne une vitre composite (1) comprenant une séquence d'empilement stratifiée composée d'une vitre externe (2) ayant une surface externe (I) et une surface interne (II), une vitre interne (3) ayant une surface externe (III) et une surface interne (IV), et au moins une couche intermédiaire thermoplastique (4) qui raccorde la surface interne (II) de la vitre externe (2) à la surface externe (III) de la vitre interne (3), un élément chauffant (5) étant appliqué directement sur la surface interne (II) de la vitre externe (2) ou sur la surface externe (III) de la vitre interne (3). Un revêtement réfléchissant les rayonnements thermiques (6) qui réfléchit les rayons thermiques directement vers la surface interne (IV) de la vitre interne (3) et/ou un revêtement réfléchissant les rayonnements thermiques (6) réfléchissant les rayons thermiques directement sur la surface externe (I) de la vitre externe (2) est appliqué.
EP21785877.8A 2020-10-01 2021-09-29 Vitre composite Pending EP4221978A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020125722 2020-10-01
DE202020105642.5U DE202020105642U1 (de) 2020-10-01 2020-10-01 Verbundscheibe
PCT/EP2021/076762 WO2022069526A1 (fr) 2020-10-01 2021-09-29 Vitre composite

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4221978A1 true EP4221978A1 (fr) 2023-08-09

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21785877.8A Pending EP4221978A1 (fr) 2020-10-01 2021-09-29 Vitre composite

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Country Link
US (1) US20230405975A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4221978A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114616098A (fr)
WO (1) WO2022069526A1 (fr)

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IT245884Y1 (it) 1998-07-28 2002-03-26 Miller Europe Spa Dispositivo elettronico su piastra, in particolare accendigaselettronico, includente mezzi collegamento rapido tra fili
DE20321682U1 (de) 2003-11-07 2008-11-13 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Heizbare Verbundscheibe
FR2898295B1 (fr) 2006-03-10 2013-08-09 Saint Gobain Substrat transparent antireflet presentant une couleur neutre en reflexion
DE102008018147A1 (de) 2008-04-10 2009-10-15 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Transparente Scheibe mit einer beheizbaren Beschichtung und niederohmigen leitenden Strukturen
DE102008029986B4 (de) 2008-06-24 2017-03-23 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Transparente Scheibe mit einer beheizbaren Beschichtung
KR101553785B1 (ko) 2011-06-10 2015-09-16 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 안전 기능이 있는 발열 복합 창판
EP2803245B1 (fr) 2012-01-10 2017-03-08 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage transparent doté d'un revêtement pouvant être chauffé de manière électrique
PT2803246T (pt) 2012-01-10 2017-06-23 Saint Gobain Placa de vidro transparente com revestimento condutor de eletricidade
EA030714B1 (ru) 2012-03-05 2018-09-28 Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс Стекло, снабженное покрытием, отражающим тепловое излучение
EA033681B1 (ru) 2014-08-08 2019-11-15 Saint Gobain Прозрачная панель остекления с электронагревательным слоем, способ ее изготовления и ее применение
ES2819511T3 (es) * 2015-11-06 2021-04-16 Saint Gobain Luna laminada que puede calentarse eléctricamente con zona de conmutación capacitiva
WO2019179683A1 (fr) 2018-03-22 2019-09-26 Saint-Gobain Glass France Ensemble de projection pour affichage tête haute (hud) doté de fractions de rayonnement polarisés p
US11914144B2 (en) 2018-11-09 2024-02-27 Saint-Gobain Glass France Projection arrangement for a head-up display (HUD) with p-polarised radiation

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WO2022069526A1 (fr) 2022-04-07
CN114616098A (zh) 2022-06-10
US20230405975A1 (en) 2023-12-21

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