EP3472387B1 - Elastic element for a fastening point for a rail for rail vehicles - Google Patents
Elastic element for a fastening point for a rail for rail vehicles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3472387B1 EP3472387B1 EP17730150.4A EP17730150A EP3472387B1 EP 3472387 B1 EP3472387 B1 EP 3472387B1 EP 17730150 A EP17730150 A EP 17730150A EP 3472387 B1 EP3472387 B1 EP 3472387B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elastic element
- elastic
- damping
- rail
- damping element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 153
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012765 fibrous filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
- E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
- E01B9/681—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
- E01B1/005—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers with sleeper shoes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
- E01B9/685—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by their shape
Definitions
- the invention relates to an elastic element which is intended to be arranged in an attachment point for a rail for rail vehicles between the rail and the subsurface supporting it, the elastic element having a contact surface assigned to the foot of the rail and a support surface assigned to the subsurface and wherein the elastic element comprises a base body which consists of a material which behaves in an elastically flexible manner at least in a loading direction directed against the contact surface, and at least one damping element which is embedded in the elastic material of the base body.
- the elastic elements according to the invention are, in particular, so-called “intermediate layers” or “intermediate plates” whose width and length are much larger than their thickness.
- Elastic elements of the type in question here are typically arranged in rail supports between the rail and the ground that supports the rail. Additional plate-like components can be provided above or below the respective elastic element in order, for example, to achieve a uniform distribution of the load on the elastic element, a minimization of abrasive wear or a height compensation.
- the purpose of the respective elastic element is that the rail is in the attachment point when driving over it Rail vehicle can lower in a defined manner.
- the rail not only lowers in the immediately loaded attachment point, but also in the area of the closest adjacent attachment points due to the rigidity of the rail. In this way, the depression of the rail when a train passes over a larger number of sleepers is distributed, with the result that an even load distribution is achieved. This avoids load peaks that could lead to the destruction of an individual attachment point.
- the track superstructure is therefore protected compared to inelastic systems and a significant reduction in wear is achieved.
- Another important effect of the elastic mounting of a rail achieved with the help of elastic elements of the type in question is the reduction of the entry of vibrations into the ground, which is noticeable, among other things, in a reduction in secondary airborne noise.
- elastic elements for the rail superstructure are known, which are formed from two layers of materials of different stiffness lying one on top of the other.
- the layers can be interlocked using a suitable geometry ( CN 202214663 U ). When loaded, the more elastic material layer is compressed more strongly than the stiffer material layer, so that the overall depression of the rail is limited to a certain maximum level.
- multi-layer plate-shaped elastic elements for rail fastening points with at least one layer is filled with damping magnetic particles in order to achieve increased vibration damping ( CN 201972059 U ).
- the damping effect is limited if the non-damped layer has a significantly higher elasticity than the damping layer, as it could deform significantly more than the damping-filled component.
- an elastic element which can be used in a rail fastening point and has a contact and support surface.
- the elastic element comprises a zigzag or meander-shaped metal plate, the metal plate having a free space into which an elastic filler is filled.
- the WO 2009/073910 A2 shows a sleeper shoe, which consists of an elastic material and is formed by side walls and a floor.
- the floor can have spaced-apart spring elements and spaces that are filled with a filler made of a second material.
- a plate for vibration isolation is known, the plate having two non-elastic base plates that are not connected to one another.
- a damping layer is arranged between the base plates, the damping layer being mat-shaped so that knobs on the base plates can penetrate into the damping layer under load.
- the object of the invention was to create an elastic element for a rail fastening point that has high static and dynamic elasticity without resulting in a significant increase in primary airborne sound.
- the invention has solved this problem in that such an element is designed according to claim 1.
- an elastic element according to the invention which is intended to be arranged in an attachment point for a rail for rail vehicles between the rail and the subsurface supporting it, therefore has a contact surface assigned to the foot of the rail and a support surface assigned to the base and comprises a base body which consists of a material which behaves elastically in a resilient manner at least in a loading direction directed against the contact surface, and at least one damping element which is embedded in the elastic material of the base body.
- the damping element now has at least one contact section assigned to the contact surface, which protrudes beyond the contact surface of the elastic element when the elastic element is unloaded, and at least two mutually spaced support sections assigned to the contact surface of the elastic element, the contact section of the damping element being between the support sections
- the area spanned by the damping element is arranged and is supported elastically in the direction of loading in the manner of a bridge.
- An elastic element according to the invention is thus set up in such a way that, during use, there can be direct contact between the damping element and the rail fastened in the respective rail fastening point.
- This is achieved by the contact section of the Damping element in an elastic element according to the invention in the unloaded, uninstalled state protrudes at least part of its height beyond the contact area.
- Protruding means that the contact section protrudes over part of its height, ie with its head area, beyond the contact surface of the damping element, whereas its foot area assigned to the support sections of the damping element is covered by the material of the base body.
- the contact section is supported by at least two support sections which are arranged at a distance from one another, the contact section being between the support sections from the elastic element spanned area is arranged.
- This arrangement opens up the widest range of possibilities for adjusting the damping behavior of the damping element provided in an element according to the invention.
- the shape of the damping element, the choice of material or the dimensioning of the individual sections of the damping element can be selected in such a way that a damping effect that is optimally tailored to the respective intended use is achieved.
- the damping element has a support section which is supported on the support sections and on which the contact section sits.
- the support section rests on the support sections, so that the elastic flexibility of the damping element and so that its damping behavior can be influenced directly.
- the support section can be designed as a solid plate or as a network structure or the like composed of one or more rods or webs.
- the damping behavior of the respective according to the invention can also be determined via the position of the contact section in relation to the support sections provided damping element can be influenced.
- the contact section will be arranged centrally between two support sections arranged adjacent and spaced apart from one another, but under certain circumstances it may also be expedient to choose an off-center arrangement if, for example, in practical use a damping effect deviating from the direction of gravity is achieved shall be.
- the contact section viewed in plan view, will usually be arranged at a central location in the middle between the support sections of the damping element.
- an off-center arrangement may also be appropriate here if a particularly directed damping effect is desired.
- the desired static and dynamic rigidity is set via the elastic material of its base body.
- the elastic material of the base body includes the respective damping element.
- the support sections of the damping element are arranged in such a way that their support surfaces assigned to the support surface lie in a plane with the support surface.
- this can be avoided by also placing the damping element on its underside assigned to the support surface is covered with material from the base body, so the support of the damping element relative to the ground is covered by material from the base body Base body takes place, which is present between the damping element and the underside of the elastic element.
- Embedding the damping element in the material of the base body ensures, on the one hand, that the elastic material of the base body quickly pushes the damping element back into its starting position during use after the rail vehicle has passed the attachment point and the elastic element as a result of the movement over the attachment point load has been compressed.
- the fact that the elastic material of the base body surrounds the damping element except for the part of the contact section protruding from it results in an overall optimized static and dynamic rigidity of the elastic element.
- the design according to the invention ensures an optimal damping effect in an elastic element according to the invention even in the event of a rapid sequence of load changes, such as are typically triggered when a train passes over a rail fastening point, which is driven by a locomotive and several wagons, each with axles spaced apart in the direction of travel of the train is formed.
- the elastic element according to the invention is plate-shaped and is therefore arranged at an attachment point according to the invention as an intermediate plate or intermediate layer between the rail base and the base on which the rail to be attached is arranged.
- further elements can be provided between the rail foot and the respective elastic element according to the invention or between the respective elastic element according to the invention and the subsurface in order to ensure optimal To ensure support of the rail on the surface or to minimize wear on the elastic element.
- the base on which the rail is supported is typically a sleeper or plate made of concrete or another comparably stiff, unyielding material.
- the elastic element according to the invention then gives the rail fastening point a defined elastic flexibility in the direction of gravity, which increases the service life of the rail and the rail fastening as a whole.
- an elastic element according to the invention comprises at least one damping element of the type provided according to the invention. It goes without saying that this includes the possibility of having a larger number, i.e. more than one damping element, for example at least nine or at least twelve, damping elements separated from one another to provide an elastic element according to the invention.
- the damping element in the case of an elastic element, it is also possible for the damping element to have a shape that is stretched in the width or longitudinal direction of the elastic element, for three or more support sections to be arranged distributed in the direction of the elastic element under consideration and for at least between two At least one contact section is arranged in the area spanned by the damping element.
- the damping element in the manner of an elongated web, which is supported over a larger number of support sections distributed in its longitudinal direction, with at least one contact section then being arranged in the area spanned by the damping element between two support sections spaced apart in the longitudinal direction can.
- damping element in an elastic element according to the invention that extends over a large area in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the elastic element, with a larger number of support sections being formed on the damping element at a distance from one another and one or more contact sections in between two support sections are arranged over the area spanned by the damping element.
- a contact section is always arranged in the area of the damping element spanned between two support sections spaced apart in the direction under consideration. Rather, the contact sections can be set by omitting one or more spanned areas in such a way that optimal damping behavior is achieved in relation to the respective application.
- damping elements are provided in an elastic element according to the invention, a uniform damping effect results when the damping elements are arranged evenly distributed over a section of the contact surface of the base body. If it turns out that a higher damping is to be aimed for in certain areas of the elastic element than in another area, the higher damping in some areas can be achieved by arranging the damping elements closer together in the area with the required higher damping than in one area , in which lower attenuation is desired.
- the elastic material of the base body can be attached to this or that during the production of the elastic element according to the invention Damping element(s) are molded on, so that a solid connection of base body and damping element(s) is formed.
- a recess is provided in the base body for the respective damping element (s) provided, into which the respective damping element is fitted.
- the respective damping element can also be glued into the base body of the elastic element or fastened in a suitable manner.
- Non-positive or positive fastenings are also possible, with the respective damping element preferably being held captively in the base body in order to simplify the assembly of an intermediate element according to the invention in the respective rail fastening point.
- Particularly suitable for use in the area of fastening points for rails used by rail vehicles are those elastic elements according to the invention in which the elastic material of the base body has a static stiffness of 12 - 150 kN/mm determined according to DIN EN 13146-9:2011, whereby: elastic materials whose static stiffness is 35 - 120 kN/mm have proven to be particularly useful.
- the ratio of dynamic to static stiffness is below 1.5 (stiffening factor ⁇ 1.5).
- Materials that meet these requirements include natural or synthetic rubber or suitable elastomers.
- the base body can have a microcellular structure, for example by being foamed.
- the respective damping element provided according to the invention consists of a material with a higher damping value than the elastic material of the elastic intermediate layer.
- This or that with one Damping element(s) provided according to the elastic element according to the invention have an optimal effect if they have a mechanical loss factor tan ⁇ of at least 0.15 (tan ⁇ >0.15), determined according to DIN 53513:1990, where tan ⁇ -Values of 0.15 - 0.55 have proven to be particularly favorable.
- damping element(s) Materials suitable for the damping element(s) are rubbers or elastomers, the damping effect of which can be adjusted by embedded fillers. Likewise, renewable materials that have, for example, a fibrous or porous structure are suitable for the damping element(s). Fillers that have a different density than the remaining material of the damping element can be incorporated into the material of the respective damping element in order to optimize the desired damping effect. For example, it can be useful if the density of the fillers has a lower density than the remaining material. In other applications, however, it may also be appropriate to use heavier fillers, such as metal particles or rock powder, which have a higher density.
- FIG. 9 Fastening point B shown, in which a rail S is fastened to a threshold forming a base U and made of concrete, is formed from a rail fastening system which has two tension clamps SK1, SK2, two guide plates FP1, FP2, two as clamping means for tensioning the respective clamping clamp SK1, SK2 includes clamping screws SR1, SR2 and an elastic element which is essentially rectangular in plan view and which is generally designated "1" in all figures regardless of its configuration shown there.
- One of the tension clamps SK1, SK2, one of the guide plates FP1, FP2 and one of the tension screws SR1, SR2 are arranged on one of the long sides L1, L2 of the rail S, while the elastic element 1 is between the foot SF of the rail S and the ground U lies.
- the rail S accordingly stands with its foot SF on the contact surface 2 of the elastic element 1 assigned to it, which lies on the surface U with its support side 3 assigned to the surface U.
- the guide plates FP1, FP2 are designed here in the manner of conventional angle guide plates and have on their underside assigned to the base U a shoulder which extends over their width B measured in the longitudinal direction L of the rail S, which is in each case when the guide plates FP1, FP2 are in the assembly position an assigned channel correspondingly formed into the subsurface U.
- the guide plates FP1, FP2 are each supported with their back facing away from the rail S on a shoulder also formed on the base U.
- the guide plates FP1, FP2 On their front side, which is assigned to the rail foot SF and is widened compared to the back, the guide plates FP1, FP2 each have a contact surface against which the rail foot SF is supported with its longitudinal edge. Transverse forces Q arising from the rail S when it is driven over by a rail vehicle (not shown here) are absorbed by the guide plates FP1, FP2 and diverted into the subsurface U.
- the guide plates FP1, FP2 On their upper sides, the guide plates FP1, FP2 have shaped elements, not shown here in detail, for guiding the clamp SK1, SK2 mounted on the guide plate FP1, FP2 and a through opening, also not visible here, leading from the upper side to the base U, through which the The clamping screw SR1, SR2 used to tighten the respective clamping clamp SK1, SK2 is inserted.
- the relevant clamping screw SR1, SR2 is screwed into a dowel embedded in the subsurface U, which is not visible here.
- the elastic element 1 used as an intermediate plate in the attachment point SB ensures a defined elastic flexibility and damping of the attachment point SB in the vertical direction V.
- the elastic element 1 comprises a base body 4, which consists of a permanently elastically compressible, fine-pored EPDM material that has a static stiffness of, for example, 80 kN / mm and a dynamic stiffness of, for example, 110 kN/mm, so that the stiffening factor is 1.375.
- the contact surface 2 is formed on the top and the support surface 3 on the underside of the base body 4.
- the base body 4 has shoulders formed adjacent to its narrow sides 5, 6 and protruding from its long sides 7, 8, so that the elastic element 1 has the shape of an “I” or “double T” in plan view.
- damping elements D1 (design according to) in the base body 4 Figs. 2a-2b ), D2 (design according to Figs. 3a-3b ), D3 (design according to Figs. 4a-4b ) or D4 (design according to Figs. 5a-5b ) embedded.
- the damping elements D1 - D4 consist of a highly damping plastic material that is filled with a fibrous filler to improve the damping properties.
- the damping elements D1 are arranged distributed over the width B of the elastic element 1 in a regularly alternating sequence of two or three damping elements D1 positioned next to one another in the longitudinal direction L.
- the damping elements D1 each have a plate-shaped support section 9, which is rectangular in plan view, in the four corners of which a cuboid support section 10, 11, 12, 13 is formed on the underside of the support section 9.
- a cuboid contact section 14 is formed centrally, which protrudes from the top of the support section 9.
- the damping element D1 spans the between its support sections 10 - 13 existing area 15, above which the contact section 14 is centrally arranged ( Fig. 5c ).
- the geometry of the damping elements D1 is chosen such that, on the one hand, the contact sections 14 of the damping elements D1 embedded in the elastic element 1 with their respective head section 16, which extends over part of the height of the contact sections 14, protrude beyond the contact surface 2 of the base body 4.
- the support sections 10 - 13 are aligned with their undersides flush with the support surface 3, so that when the rail fastening point SB is fully assembled, the damping elements D1 are supported directly on the surface U.
- damping elements D1 arranged separately in rows of two or three have been combined to form one damping element D2 per row.
- the damping elements D2 accordingly have an elongated, web-like support section 17, seen in plan view, which is supported by support sections 18, which are arranged distributed at regular intervals over the length of the respective damping element D2 in the manner of a bridge supported by several bridge pillars.
- the support sections 18 each extend over the entire width of the support section 17.
- a contact section 19 is again arranged centrally between the relevant support sections 18, seen in plan view, which also extends across the width of the support section 17 extends.
- the dimensions of the damping elements D2 are also adapted to the dimensions of the damping elements D1, so that even in the Figures 3a, 3b illustrated elastic element 1, the contact sections 19 protrude with their head section beyond the contact surface 2 and are arranged flush with the support surface 3 of the elastic element 1 with the underside of their support sections 18.
- the exemplary embodiment shown are the damping elements D3 embedded in the elastic element 1, as in the Figures 8a - 8c clarified, designed in the manner of half-shells.
- the lateral end sections of the damping elements D3 form the support sections 20, 21.
- the dimensions of the damping elements D3, in particular the radius of their outer circumferential diameter, are dimensioned such that the damping elements D3 protrude with a central middle area beyond the contact surface 2 on the base body 4 of the damping elements D3. This area forms the contact section 23 of the damping elements D3.
- a damping element As a further example of an embodiment of a damping element provided according to the invention, that is shown in the Figures 7a-7c to mention the damping element D4 shown. It has a support section 24, which comprises three webs, which in plan view are arranged in a star shape at uniform angular distances around a contact section 25 built on the support section 24 and shaped like a cylinder. A likewise cylindrical support section 26 is formed on the underside of the free ends of the webs of the support section 24.
- damping elements D1, D2, D3 or D4 of the elastic elements 1 When the rail S is placed on the respective elastic element 1, the underside of the rail base SF first rests on the free end face of the contact sections of the respective damping elements D1, D2, D3 or D4 of the elastic elements 1. As in the example of the damping elements D2 in the enlarged section in Fig. 9 shown, damping elements D1, D2, D3, D4 are then deformed in the vertical direction by the weight of the rail S until the rail S sits on the contact surface 2 of the respective elastic element 1.
- the plate-shaped elastic element 1 and with it the damping elements D1, D2, D3, D4 contained in it become vertical Compressed towards V.
- the elastic material of the base body 4 ensures that the rail S is lowered in the vertical direction V by a defined amount in the attachment point SB.
- the respective damping elements D1, D2, D3, D4 dampen vibrations that are excited by driving over and thus effectively prevent the emission of primary or secondary sound. This ensures permanent, intensive contact between the respective damping elements D1, D2, D3 and D4 and the rail S on the one hand and the subsurface U on the other, so that maximum effectiveness of the sound insulation is ensured.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elastisches Element, das dazu vorgesehen ist, in einem Befestigungspunkt für eine Schiene für Schienenfahrzeuge zwischen der Schiene und dem sie tragenden Untergrund angeordnet zu werden, wobei das elastische Element eine dem Fuß der Schiene zugeordnete Aufstandfläche und eine dem Untergrund zugeordnete Auflagefläche besitzt und wobei das elastische Element einen Grundkörper, der aus einem Material besteht, das sich mindestens in einer gegen die Aufstandfläche gerichteten Belastungsrichtung elastisch nachgiebig verhält, sowie mindestens ein Dämpfungselement umfasst, das in das elastische Material des Grundkörpers eingebettet ist.The invention relates to an elastic element which is intended to be arranged in an attachment point for a rail for rail vehicles between the rail and the subsurface supporting it, the elastic element having a contact surface assigned to the foot of the rail and a support surface assigned to the subsurface and wherein the elastic element comprises a base body which consists of a material which behaves in an elastically flexible manner at least in a loading direction directed against the contact surface, and at least one damping element which is embedded in the elastic material of the base body.
Bei den erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Elementen handelt es sich insbesondere um so genannte "Zwischenlagen" oder "Zwischenplatten", deren Breite und Länge sehr viel größer sind als ihre Dicke.The elastic elements according to the invention are, in particular, so-called “intermediate layers” or “intermediate plates” whose width and length are much larger than their thickness.
Elastische Elemente der hier in Rede stehenden Art werden in Schienenlagerungen typischerweise zwischen die Schiene und dem Untergrund angeordnet, der die Schiene trägt. Dabei können ober- oder unterhalb des jeweiligen elastischen Elements weitere plattenartige Bauteile vorgesehen sein, um beispielsweise eine gleichförmige Verteilung der Belastung auf das elastische Element, eine Minimierung von abrasivem Verschleiß oder einen Höhenausgleich zu bewerkstelligen.Elastic elements of the type in question here are typically arranged in rail supports between the rail and the ground that supports the rail. Additional plate-like components can be provided above or below the respective elastic element in order, for example, to achieve a uniform distribution of the load on the elastic element, a minimization of abrasive wear or a height compensation.
Der Zweck des jeweiligen elastischen Elements besteht darin, dass sich die Schiene im Befestigungspunkt beim Überfahren durch ein Schienenfahrzeug in definierter Weise absenken kann. Dabei senkt sich die Schiene nicht nur im jeweils unmittelbar belasteten Befestigungspunkt ab, sondern aufgrund der Steifigkeit der Schiene auch im Bereich der nächstbenachbarten Befestigungspunkte. Auf diese Weise wird die Einsenkung der Schiene bei Überfahrt eines Zuges über eine größere Zahl von Schwellen verteilt mit der Folge, dass eine gleichmäßige Lastverteilung erzielt wird. Lastspitzen, die zur Zerstörung eines einzelnen Befestigungspunkts führen könnten, werden so vermieden. Der Gleisoberbau wird somit im Vergleich zu unelastischen Systemen geschont und eine deutliche Reduzierung des Verschleißes erzielt.The purpose of the respective elastic element is that the rail is in the attachment point when driving over it Rail vehicle can lower in a defined manner. The rail not only lowers in the immediately loaded attachment point, but also in the area of the closest adjacent attachment points due to the rigidity of the rail. In this way, the depression of the rail when a train passes over a larger number of sleepers is distributed, with the result that an even load distribution is achieved. This avoids load peaks that could lead to the destruction of an individual attachment point. The track superstructure is therefore protected compared to inelastic systems and a significant reduction in wear is achieved.
Eine weitere wichtige Wirkung der mit Hilfe von elastischen Elementen der hier in Rede stehenden Art bewerkstelligten elastischen Lagerung einer Schiene ist die Reduzierung des Eintrags von Vibrationen in den Boden, was sich unter anderem in einer Verminderung des sekundären Luftschalls bemerkbar macht.Another important effect of the elastic mounting of a rail achieved with the help of elastic elements of the type in question is the reduction of the entry of vibrations into the ground, which is noticeable, among other things, in a reduction in secondary airborne noise.
Sowohl aus praktischen Untersuchungen als auch aus theoretischen Herleitungen (
Zwar zeigen insbesondere die angesprochenen Untersuchungen, dass sich dieser Anstieg durch den Einsatz eines stark dämpfend ausgeführten Materials reduzieren lässt. In der Praxis weisen elastische Materialien mit stark dämpfenden Eigenschaften in der Regel jedoch eine starke dynamische Versteifung auf. Dies führt dazu, dass sich hohe Primärschall-Emissionen selbst bei Einstellung einer geringen dynamischen Steifigkeit ergeben, die zum Beispiel durch eine geeignete Auslegung der Geometrie des elastischen Elements erreicht werden kann. Demzufolge müssen für die positiven Effekte der zumindest in Schwerkraftrichtung elastischen Abstützung einer Schiene, wie Schwingungsisolation und Oberbauschonung, Nachteile bei der Schallemission in Kauf genommen werden.The studies mentioned in particular show that this increase can be reduced by using a highly dampening material. In practice, however, elastic materials with strong damping properties usually have strong dynamic stiffening. This leads to high primary sound emissions even when setting a low dynamic stiffness result, which can be achieved, for example, by a suitable design of the geometry of the elastic element. As a result, for the positive effects of the elastic support of a rail at least in the direction of gravity, such as vibration isolation and protection of the track, disadvantages in terms of noise emissions must be accepted.
Es sind verschiedene Vorschläge zur Optimierung der Gebrauchseigenschaften von elastischen Zwischenlagen oder -platten für einen Schienenbefestigungspunkt bekannt, die jeweils auf einer Kombinationen von Weichkomponenten und Hartkomponenten beruhen. Bei diesen Vorschlägen sind jeweils ein oder mehrere Hartkomponenten-Teile als Einleger in eine elastische Weichkomponente (
Des Weiteren sind elastische Elemente für den Schienenoberbau bekannt, die aus zwei aufeinander liegenden Lagen von Materialien unterschiedlicher Steifigkeit gebildet sind. Die Lagen können durch eine geeignete Geometrie miteinander verzahnt sein (
Weiterhin bekannt sind mehrschichtige plattenförmige elastische Elemente für Schienenbefestigungspunkte mit mindestens einer Schicht, die mit dämpfenden Magnetpartikeln gefüllt ist, um eine erhöhte Schwingungsdämpfung zu bewirken (
Aus der
Die
Aus der
Vor dem Hintergrund des Standes der Technik bestand die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, ein elastisches Element für einen Schienenbefestigungspunkt zu schaffen, das eine hohe statische und dynamische Elastizität aufweist, ohne dass es dadurch zu einem signifikanten Anstieg des primären Luftschalls kommt.Against the background of the prior art, the object of the invention was to create an elastic element for a rail fastening point that has high static and dynamic elasticity without resulting in a significant increase in primary airborne sound.
In Bezug auf das elastische Element hat die Erfindung diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass ein solches Element gemäß Anspruch 1 ausgebildet ist.With regard to the elastic element, the invention has solved this problem in that such an element is designed according to
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben und werden nachfolgend wie der allgemeine Erfindungsgedanke im Einzelnen erläutert.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims and are explained in detail below, as is the general idea of the invention.
In Übereinstimmung mit dem eingangs erläuterten Stand der Technik besitzt ein erfindungsgemäßes elastisches Element, das dazu vorgesehen ist, in einem Befestigungspunkt für eine Schiene für Schienenfahrzeuge zwischen der Schiene und dem sie tragenden Untergrund angeordnet zu werden, demnach eine dem Fuß der Schiene zugeordnete Aufstandfläche und eine dem Untergrund zugeordnete Auflagefläche und umfasst einen Grundkörper, der aus einem Material besteht, das sich mindestens in einer gegen die Aufstandfläche gerichteten Belastungsrichtung elastisch nachgiebig verhält, sowie mindestens ein Dämpfungselement, das in das elastische Material des Grundkörpers eingebettet ist.In accordance with the prior art explained at the outset, an elastic element according to the invention, which is intended to be arranged in an attachment point for a rail for rail vehicles between the rail and the subsurface supporting it, therefore has a contact surface assigned to the foot of the rail and a support surface assigned to the base and comprises a base body which consists of a material which behaves elastically in a resilient manner at least in a loading direction directed against the contact surface, and at least one damping element which is embedded in the elastic material of the base body.
Erfindungsgemäß weist nun das Dämpfungselement mindestens einen der Aufstandfläche zugeordneten Kontaktabschnitt, der bei unbelastetem elastischem Element über die Aufstandfläche des elastischen Elements hinaus ragt, und mindestens zwei der Auflagefläche des elastischen Elements zugeordnete, zueinander beabstandete Stützabschnitte auf, wobei der Kontaktabschnitt des Dämpfungselements im zwischen den Stützabschnitten vom Dämpfungselement überspannten Bereich angeordnet und in Belastungsrichtung elastisch nachgiebig nach Art einer Brücke getragen ist.According to the invention, the damping element now has at least one contact section assigned to the contact surface, which protrudes beyond the contact surface of the elastic element when the elastic element is unloaded, and at least two mutually spaced support sections assigned to the contact surface of the elastic element, the contact section of the damping element being between the support sections The area spanned by the damping element is arranged and is supported elastically in the direction of loading in the manner of a bridge.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes elastisches Element ist somit derart eingerichtet, dass im Gebrauch ein direkter Kontakt zwischen dem Dämpfungselement und der im jeweiligen Schienenbefestigungspunkt befestigten Schiene bestehen kann. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass der Kontaktabschnitt des Dämpfungselements bei einem erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Element im unbelasteten, nicht verbauten Zustand zumindest mit einem Teil seiner Höhe über die Aufstandfläche hinausragt. "Hinausragen" heißt dabei, dass der Kontaktabschnitt über einen Teil seiner Höhe, d.h. mit seinem Kopfbereich, über die Aufstandfläche des Dämpfungselements hinaussteht, wogegen sein den Stützabschnitten des Dämpfungselements zugeordneter Fußbereich vom Material des Grundkörpers umfasst ist.An elastic element according to the invention is thus set up in such a way that, during use, there can be direct contact between the damping element and the rail fastened in the respective rail fastening point. This is achieved by the contact section of the Damping element in an elastic element according to the invention in the unloaded, uninstalled state protrudes at least part of its height beyond the contact area. "Protruding" means that the contact section protrudes over part of its height, ie with its head area, beyond the contact surface of the damping element, whereas its foot area assigned to the support sections of the damping element is covered by the material of the base body.
Wird bei der Montage die Schiene auf die Aufstandfläche des elastischen Elements gesetzt, so kommt es zuerst zum Kontakt zwischen der Unterseite des Schienenfußes und der zugeordneten Stirnfläche des Kontaktabschnitts. Aufgrund der elastisch nachgiebigen Abstützung des Kontaktabschnitts senkt sich der Kontaktabschnitt dann unter elastischer Verformung des Dämpfungsabschnitts ab, bis der Schienenfuß auf der Aufstandfläche des elastischen Elements sitzt.If the rail is placed on the contact surface of the elastic element during assembly, contact first occurs between the underside of the rail base and the associated end face of the contact section. Due to the elastically flexible support of the contact section, the contact section then lowers with elastic deformation of the damping section until the rail foot sits on the contact surface of the elastic element.
Nach der Montage in einem Schienenbefestigungspunkt besteht damit bei einem erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Element immer ein direkter Kontakt zwischen dem dämpfenden Material, dem erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Dämpfungselement, und der Schiene, wobei das Gewicht der Schiene gemeinsam von dem Grundkörper und dem mindestens einen Dämpfungselement des elastischen Elements aufgenommen wird. Auf diese Weise ist die Schiene einerseits sicher auf dem elastischen Element gestützt. Anderseits werden bei einer Überfahrt des jeweiligen Befestigungspunkts entstehende, von der Schiene übertragene Schwingungsenergien absorbiert und zwar sowohl unmittelbar bei der mit der Überfahrt eines Zuges einhergehenden Absenkung der Schiene, als auch bereits bei der Annäherung oder Entfernung eines Schienenfahrzeuges und der damit einhergehenden Absenkung. Auf diese Weise lässt sich insbesondere das hochfrequente sogenannte "Schienensingen" effektiv minimieren.After assembly in a rail fastening point, with an elastic element according to the invention there is always direct contact between the damping material, the damping element designed according to the invention, and the rail, with the weight of the rail being absorbed together by the base body and the at least one damping element of the elastic element . In this way, on the one hand, the rail is securely supported on the elastic element. On the other hand, vibration energies transmitted by the rail that arise when the respective fastening point is passed are absorbed, both immediately when the rail is lowered as a train passes over it, and when a rail vehicle approaches or moves away and the associated lowering occurs. In this way, the high-frequency so-called “track singing” can be effectively minimized.
Entscheidend für das Dämpfungsverhalten eines elastischen Elements ist neben dem Umstand, dass der Kontaktabschnitt bei unbelastetem elastischem Element über dessen Aufstandfläche hinaussteht, dass der Kontaktabschnitt von mindestens zwei Stützabschnitten getragen wird, die zueinander beabstandet angeordnet sind, wobei der Kontaktabschnitt im zwischen den Stützabschnitten vom elastischen Element überspannten Bereich angeordnet ist.In addition to the fact that the contact section protrudes beyond its contact surface when the elastic element is unloaded, what is crucial for the damping behavior of an elastic element is that the contact section is supported by at least two support sections which are arranged at a distance from one another, the contact section being between the support sections from the elastic element spanned area is arranged.
Durch diese Anordnung eröffnen sich breiteste Möglichkeiten der Einstellung des Dämpfungsverhaltens des in einem erfindungsgemäßen Element vorgesehenen Dämpfungselements. So lassen sich die Formgebung des Dämpfungselements, die Materialwahl oder die Dimensionierung der einzelnen Abschnitte des Dämpfungselements jeweils so wählen, dass eine auf den jeweiligen Einsatzzweck optimal abgestimmte Dämpfungswirkung erzielt wird.This arrangement opens up the widest range of possibilities for adjusting the damping behavior of the damping element provided in an element according to the invention. The shape of the damping element, the choice of material or the dimensioning of the individual sections of the damping element can be selected in such a way that a damping effect that is optimally tailored to the respective intended use is achieved.
Bei einer hinsichtlich der dämpfenden Wirkung besonders vorteilhaften und gleichzeitig herstellungstechnisch einfach zu realisierenden Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Dämpfungselements weist das Dämpfungselement einen Tragabschnitt auf, der auf den Stützabschnitten abgestützt ist und auf dem der Kontaktabschnitt sitzt. Der Tragabschnitt liegt dabei auf den Stützabschnitten auf, so dass über den Abstand der Stützabschnitte, d.h. die zwischen den Stützabschnitten vorhandene, vom Tragabschnitt überspannte lichte Weite, die Dicke des Tragabschnitts, die Formgebung des Tragabschnitts und das Material des Tragabschnitts die elastische Nachgiebigkeit des Dämpfungselements und damit sein Dämpfungsverhalten direkt beeinflusst werden können. So kann der Tragabschnitt als solide Platte oder als aus einem oder mehreren Stäben oder Stegen zusammengesetzte Netzstruktur oder desgleichen ausgebildet sein.In an embodiment of a damping element provided according to the invention that is particularly advantageous in terms of the damping effect and at the same time easy to implement in terms of production technology, the damping element has a support section which is supported on the support sections and on which the contact section sits. The support section rests on the support sections, so that the elastic flexibility of the damping element and so that its damping behavior can be influenced directly. The support section can be designed as a solid plate or as a network structure or the like composed of one or more rods or webs.
Auch über die Position des Kontaktabschnitts in Bezug auf die Stützabschnitte kann das Dämpfungsverhalten des jeweiligen erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Dämpfungselements beeinflusst werden. Typischerweise wird der Kontaktabschnitt in Seitenansicht auf das Dämpfungselement mittig zwischen zwei benachbart und beabstandet zueinander angeordneten Stützabschnitten angeordnet sein, jedoch kann es unter bestimmten Umständen auch zweckmäßig sein, eine außermittige Anordnung zu wählen, wenn beispielsweise im praktischen Gebrauch eine abweichend von der Schwerkraftrichtung gerichtete Dämpfungswirkung erzielt werden soll.The damping behavior of the respective according to the invention can also be determined via the position of the contact section in relation to the support sections provided damping element can be influenced. Typically, in a side view of the damping element, the contact section will be arranged centrally between two support sections arranged adjacent and spaced apart from one another, but under certain circumstances it may also be expedient to choose an off-center arrangement if, for example, in practical use a damping effect deviating from the direction of gravity is achieved shall be.
Sind drei oder mehr Stützabschnitte vorgesehen, die gemeinsam einen den Abstand zwischen diesen Stützabschnitten überspannenden Bereich des Dämpfungselements stützen, so wird der Kontaktabschnitt in Draufsicht betrachtet üblicherweise an zentraler Stelle mittig zwischen den Stützabschnitten des Dämpfungselements angeordnet sein. Jedoch kann auch hier gegebenenfalls eine außermittige Anordnung zweckmäßig sein, wenn eine besonders gerichtete Dämpfungswirkung gewünscht ist.If three or more support sections are provided which together support an area of the damping element that spans the distance between these support sections, the contact section, viewed in plan view, will usually be arranged at a central location in the middle between the support sections of the damping element. However, an off-center arrangement may also be appropriate here if a particularly directed damping effect is desired.
Über das elastische Material seines Grundkörpers wird bei einem erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Element die gewünschte statische und dynamische Steifigkeit eingestellt. Dabei umfasst das elastische Material des Grundkörpers das jeweilige Dämpfungselement.In an elastic element according to the invention, the desired static and dynamic rigidity is set via the elastic material of its base body. The elastic material of the base body includes the respective damping element.
Grundsätzlich ist es für die Wirkung des erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen mindestens einen Dämpfungselements besonders zweckmäßig, wenn die Stützabschnitte des Dämpfungselements so angeordnet sind, dass ihre der Auflagefläche zugeordneten Stützflächen in einer Ebene mit der Auflagefläche liegen. Sollte sich im Gebrauch jedoch herausstellen, dass sich in Folge des so bewirkten direkten Kontakts zwischen dem Dämpfungselement und dem jeweils unterhalb des elastischen Elements angeordneten Bauteil oder Untergrund eine Schallbrücke einstellt, kann dies dadurch vermieden werden, dass das Dämpfungselement auch an seiner der Auflagefläche zugeordneten Unterseite mit Material des Grundkörpers bedeckt ist, die Abstützung des Dämpfungselements gegenüber dem Untergrund also über Material des Grundkörpers erfolgt, das zwischen dem Dämpfungselement und der Unterseite des elastischen Element vorhanden ist.In principle, for the effect of the at least one damping element provided according to the invention, it is particularly expedient if the support sections of the damping element are arranged in such a way that their support surfaces assigned to the support surface lie in a plane with the support surface. However, if it turns out during use that a sound bridge occurs as a result of the direct contact thus caused between the damping element and the component or surface arranged below the elastic element, this can be avoided by also placing the damping element on its underside assigned to the support surface is covered with material from the base body, so the support of the damping element relative to the ground is covered by material from the base body Base body takes place, which is present between the damping element and the underside of the elastic element.
Die Einbettung des Dämpfungselements in das Material des Grundkörpers stellt einerseits sicher, dass das elastische Material des Grundkörpers im Gebrauch das Dämpfungselement schnell in seine Ausgangsposition zurückdrückt, nachdem das Schienenfahrzeug den Befestigungspunkt passiert hat und das elastische Element dabei in Folge der durch das Überfahren des Befestigungspunktes ausgelösten Belastung zusammengedrückt worden ist. Andererseits wird dadurch, dass das elastische Material des Grundkörpers das Dämpfungselement bis auf den aus ihm hinausstehenden Teil des Kontaktabschnitts umgibt, insgesamt eine optimierte statische und dynamische Steifigkeit des elastischen Elements erzielt.Embedding the damping element in the material of the base body ensures, on the one hand, that the elastic material of the base body quickly pushes the damping element back into its starting position during use after the rail vehicle has passed the attachment point and the elastic element as a result of the movement over the attachment point load has been compressed. On the other hand, the fact that the elastic material of the base body surrounds the damping element except for the part of the contact section protruding from it results in an overall optimized static and dynamic rigidity of the elastic element.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung ist bei einem erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Element eine optimale Dämpfungswirkung auch bei einer schnellen Folge von Belastungswechseln sichergestellt, wie sie typischerweise beim Überfahren eines Schienenbefestigungspunkts durch einen Zug ausgelöst werden, der durch eine Lokomotive und mehrere Waggons mit jeweils in Fahrtrichtung des Zugs beabstandeten Achsen gebildet ist.The design according to the invention ensures an optimal damping effect in an elastic element according to the invention even in the event of a rapid sequence of load changes, such as are typically triggered when a train passes over a rail fastening point, which is driven by a locomotive and several wagons, each with axles spaced apart in the direction of travel of the train is formed.
Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn das erfindungsgemäße elastische Element plattenförmig ausgebildet ist und demgemäß bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungspunkt als Zwischenplatte oder Zwischenlage zwischen dem Schienenfuß und dem Untergrund angeordnet ist, auf dem die jeweils zu befestigende Schiene angeordnet wird. Dabei können zwischen Schienenfuß und dem jeweiligen erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Element oder zwischen dem jeweiligen erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Element und dem Untergrund selbstverständlich weitere Elemente vorgesehen sein, um eine optimale Abstützung der Schiene auf dem Untergrund zu gewährleisten oder einen minimierten Verschleiß des elastischen Elements zu erreichen.This applies in particular when the elastic element according to the invention is plate-shaped and is therefore arranged at an attachment point according to the invention as an intermediate plate or intermediate layer between the rail base and the base on which the rail to be attached is arranged. Of course, further elements can be provided between the rail foot and the respective elastic element according to the invention or between the respective elastic element according to the invention and the subsurface in order to ensure optimal To ensure support of the rail on the surface or to minimize wear on the elastic element.
Bei dem Untergrund, auf dem die Schiene abgestützt wird, handelt es sich typischerweise um eine Schwelle oder Platte, die aus Beton oder einem anderen vergleichbar steifen, unnachgiebigen Werkstoff besteht. Das erfindungsgemäße elastische Element verleiht dem Schienenbefestigungspunkt dann eine definierte elastische Nachgiebigkeit in Schwerkraftrichtung, durch die die Lebensdauer der Schiene und der Schienenbefestigung insgesamt erhöht wird.The base on which the rail is supported is typically a sleeper or plate made of concrete or another comparably stiff, unyielding material. The elastic element according to the invention then gives the rail fastening point a defined elastic flexibility in the direction of gravity, which increases the service life of the rail and the rail fastening as a whole.
Wie voranstehend erläutert, umfasst ein erfindungsgemäßes elastisches Element mindestens ein Dämpfungselement der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Art. Es versteht sich von selbst, dass dies die Möglichkeit einschließt, eine größere Zahl, also mehr als ein Dämpfungselement, beispielsweise mindestens neun oder mindestens zwölf, voneinander separierte Dämpfungselemente bei einem erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Element vorzusehen.As explained above, an elastic element according to the invention comprises at least one damping element of the type provided according to the invention. It goes without saying that this includes the possibility of having a larger number, i.e. more than one damping element, for example at least nine or at least twelve, damping elements separated from one another to provide an elastic element according to the invention.
Es ist jedoch bei einem elastischen Element auch möglich, dass das Dämpfungselement eine sich in Breiten- oder Längsrichtung des elastischen Elements gestreckte Form aufweist, dass in der jeweils betrachteten Richtung des elastischen Elements drei oder mehr Stützabschnitte verteilt angeordnet sind und dass in einem mindestens zwischen zwei Stützabschnitten vom Dämpfungselement überspannten Bereich jeweils mindestens ein Kontaktabschnitt angeordnet ist.However, in the case of an elastic element, it is also possible for the damping element to have a shape that is stretched in the width or longitudinal direction of the elastic element, for three or more support sections to be arranged distributed in the direction of the elastic element under consideration and for at least between two At least one contact section is arranged in the area spanned by the damping element.
So ist es beispielsweise denkbar, das Dämpfungselement nach Art eines lang gestreckten Stegs auszubilden, der über eine größere Zahl von in seiner Längsrichtung verteilt angeordneten Stützabschnitten abgestützt ist, wobei im vom Dämpfungselement zwischen zwei in Längsrichtung beabstandeten Stützabschnitten überspannten Bereich dann jeweils mindestens ein Kontaktabschnitt angeordnet sein kann.For example, it is conceivable to design the damping element in the manner of an elongated web, which is supported over a larger number of support sections distributed in its longitudinal direction, with at least one contact section then being arranged in the area spanned by the damping element between two support sections spaced apart in the longitudinal direction can.
Ebenso ist es denkbar, bei einem erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Element ein Dämpfungselement vorzusehen, dass sich großflächig in Längs- und Querrichtung des elastischen Elements erstreckt, wobei eine größere Zahl von Stützabschnitten mit Abstand zueinander verteilt an dem Dämpfungselement ausgebildet sind und ein oder mehrere Kontaktabschnitte in jeweils zwischen zwei Stützabschnitten vom Dämpfungselement überspannten Bereich angeordnet sind.It is also conceivable to provide a damping element in an elastic element according to the invention that extends over a large area in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the elastic element, with a larger number of support sections being formed on the damping element at a distance from one another and one or more contact sections in between two support sections are arranged over the area spanned by the damping element.
Selbstverständlich ist es bei einer länglichen oder großflächig sich erstreckenden Formgebung nicht erforderlich, dass im zwischen zwei in der jeweils betrachteten Richtung beabstandeten Stützabschnitten überspannten Bereich des Dämpfungselements immer ein Kontaktabschnitt angeordnet ist. Vielmehr können die Kontaktabschnitte unter Auslassung jeweils eines oder mehrerer überspannter Bereiche so gesetzt werden, dass ein optimales Dämpfungsverhalten bezogen auf den jeweiligen Einsatzfall erzielt wird.Of course, with an elongated or large-area shape, it is not necessary that a contact section is always arranged in the area of the damping element spanned between two support sections spaced apart in the direction under consideration. Rather, the contact sections can be set by omitting one or more spanned areas in such a way that optimal damping behavior is achieved in relation to the respective application.
Sind mehrere gleichartige Dämpfungselemente bei einem erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Element vorgesehen, so ergibt sich eine gleichmäßige Dämpfungswirkung, wenn die Dämpfungselemente gleichmäßig über einen Abschnitt der Aufstandfläche des Grundkörpers verteilt angeordnet sind. Sollte sich herausstellen, dass in bestimmten Bereichen des elastischen Elements eine höhere Dämpfung anzustreben ist als in einem anderen Bereich, so kann die bereichsweise höhere Dämpfung dadurch erzielt werden, dass in dem Bereich mit gefordert höherer Dämpfung die Dämpfungselemente enger benachbart angeordnet werden als in einem Bereich, in dem eine geringere Dämpfung gewünscht ist.If several similar damping elements are provided in an elastic element according to the invention, a uniform damping effect results when the damping elements are arranged evenly distributed over a section of the contact surface of the base body. If it turns out that a higher damping is to be aimed for in certain areas of the elastic element than in another area, the higher damping in some areas can be achieved by arranging the damping elements closer together in the area with the required higher damping than in one area , in which lower attenuation is desired.
Das elastische Material des Grundkörpers kann bei der Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Elements an das oder die Dämpfungselement(e) angeformt werden, so dass ein fester Verbund von Grundkörper und Dämpfungselement(en) gebildet ist.The elastic material of the base body can be attached to this or that during the production of the elastic element according to the invention Damping element(s) are molded on, so that a solid connection of base body and damping element(s) is formed.
Aus funktionaler oder herstellungstechnischer Sicht kann es jedoch auch vorteilhaft sein, wenn in den Grundkörper für das oder die jeweils vorgesehenen Dämpfungselement(e) jeweils eine Ausnehmung vorgesehen ist, in die das betreffende Dämpfungselement jeweils eingepasst ist. Erforderlichenfalls kann das jeweilige Dämpfungselement auch in den Grundkörper des elastischen Elements eingeklebt oder in anderer Weise geeignet befestigt sein. Möglich sind auch kraft- oder formschlüssige Befestigungen, wobei das jeweilige Dämpfungselement vorzugsweise verliersicher in dem Grundkörper gehalten wird, um die Montage eines erfindungsgemäßen Zwischenelements im jeweiligen Schienenbefestigungspunkt zu vereinfachen.From a functional or manufacturing point of view, however, it can also be advantageous if a recess is provided in the base body for the respective damping element (s) provided, into which the respective damping element is fitted. If necessary, the respective damping element can also be glued into the base body of the elastic element or fastened in a suitable manner. Non-positive or positive fastenings are also possible, with the respective damping element preferably being held captively in the base body in order to simplify the assembly of an intermediate element according to the invention in the respective rail fastening point.
Besonders geeignet für den Einsatz im Bereich von Befestigungspunkten für durch Schienenfahrzeuge befahrene Schienen sind solche erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Elemente, bei denen das elastische Material des Grundkörpers eine nach DIN EN 13146-9:2011 bestimmte statische Steifigkeit von 12 - 150 kN/mm aufweist, wobei sich elastische Materialen, deren statische Steifigkeit bei 35 - 120 kN/mm liegt, als besonders zweckmäßig herausgestellt haben.Particularly suitable for use in the area of fastening points for rails used by rail vehicles are those elastic elements according to the invention in which the elastic material of the base body has a static stiffness of 12 - 150 kN/mm determined according to DIN EN 13146-9:2011, whereby: elastic materials whose static stiffness is 35 - 120 kN/mm have proven to be particularly useful.
Optimalerweise liegt dabei das "Versteifungsfaktor" genannte Verhältnis von dynamischer zu statischer Steifigkeit unterhalb von 1,5 (Versteifungsfaktor < 1,5). Als Materialien, die diese Anforderungen erfüllen, kommen natürlicher oder synthetischer Kautschuk oder geeignete Elastomere in Frage. Dabei kann der Grundkörper einen mikrozellularen Aufbau aufweisen, indem er beispielsweise geschäumt ist.Optimally, the ratio of dynamic to static stiffness, known as the “stiffening factor,” is below 1.5 (stiffening factor < 1.5). Materials that meet these requirements include natural or synthetic rubber or suitable elastomers. The base body can have a microcellular structure, for example by being foamed.
Das jeweilige erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Dämpfungselement besteht aus einem Material mit einem höheren Dämpfungswert als das elastische Material der elastischen Zwischenlage. Das oder die bei einem erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Element vorgesehene(n) Dämpfungselement(e) weisen dabei eine optimale Wirkung auf, wenn sie einen nach DIN 53513:1990 bestimmten mechanischen Verlustfaktor tan δ von mindestens 0,15 (tan δ >0,15) besitzen, wobei sich tan δ -Werte von 0,15 - 0,55 als besonders günstig herausgestellt haben.The respective damping element provided according to the invention consists of a material with a higher damping value than the elastic material of the elastic intermediate layer. This or that with one Damping element(s) provided according to the elastic element according to the invention have an optimal effect if they have a mechanical loss factor tan δ of at least 0.15 (tan δ >0.15), determined according to DIN 53513:1990, where tan δ -Values of 0.15 - 0.55 have proven to be particularly favorable.
Für das oder die Dämpfungselement(e) geeignete Materialien sind Kautschuke oder Elastomere, wobei deren Dämpfungswirkung durch eingelagerte Füllstoffe eingestellt sein kann. Ebenso sind nachwachsende Materialien, die beispielsweise eine faserige oder poröse Struktur aufweisen, für das oder die Dämpfungselement(e) geeignet. In das Material des jeweiligen Dämpfungselements können Füllstoffe, die eine andere Dichte aufweisen als der übrige Werkstoff des Dämpfungselements, eingelagert sein, um die jeweils gewünschte Dämpfungswirkung zu optimieren. Beispielsweise kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn die Dichte der Füllstoffe eine geringere Dichte besitzt als der übrige Werkstoff. In anderen Anwendungsfällen kann es jedoch auch zweckmäßig sein, schwerere Füllstoffe, wie Metallpartikel oder Gesteinsmehl, zu verwenden, die eine höhere Dichte haben.Materials suitable for the damping element(s) are rubbers or elastomers, the damping effect of which can be adjusted by embedded fillers. Likewise, renewable materials that have, for example, a fibrous or porous structure are suitable for the damping element(s). Fillers that have a different density than the remaining material of the damping element can be incorporated into the material of the respective damping element in order to optimize the desired damping effect. For example, it can be useful if the density of the fillers has a lower density than the remaining material. In other applications, however, it may also be appropriate to use heavier fillers, such as metal particles or rock powder, which have a higher density.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer ein Ausführungsbeispiel zeigenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Deren Figuren zeigen jeweils schematisch:
- Fig. 1
- ein als elastische Zwischenlage ausgebildetes elastisches Element in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
- Fig. 2a
- das elastische Element gemäß
Fig. 1 in Draufsicht; - Fig. 2b
- das elastische Element gemäß
Fig. 1 und 2a in einem Schnitt entlang der inFig. 2a eingetragenen Schnittlinie X-X; - Fig. 3a
- eine alternative Ausgestaltung des elastischen Elements gemäß
Fig. 1 in Draufsicht; - Fig. 3b
- das elastische Element gemäß
Fig. 3a in einem Schnitt entlang der inFig. 3a eingetragenen Schnittlinie X-X; - Fig. 4a
- eine alternative Ausgestaltung des elastischen Elements gemäß
Fig. 1 in Draufsicht; - Fig. 4b
- das elastische Element gemäß
Fig. 4a in einem Schnitt entlang der inFig. 4a eingetragenen Schnittlinie X-X; - Fig. 5a
- ein im elastischen Element gemäß
Fig. 2a,2b eingesetztes Dämpfungselement in Draufsicht; - Fig. 5b
- das Dämpfungselement gemäß
Fig. 5a in einer ersten seitlichen Ansicht; - Fig. 5c
- das Dämpfungselement gemäß
Fig. 5a in einer zweiten seitlichen Ansicht; - Fig. 5d
- das Dämpfungselement gemäß
Fig. 5a in einer Ansicht von unten; - Fig. 6
- eine alternative Ausgestaltung eines Dämpfungselements in einem Ausschnitt in Draufsicht;
- Fig. 7a
- eine weitere Ausgestaltung eines Dämpfungselements in Draufsicht;
- Fig. 7b
- das Dämpfungselement gemäß
Fig. 7a in einer ersten seitlichen Ansicht; - Fig. 7c
- das Dämpfungselement gemäß
Fig. 7a in einer zweiten seitlichen Ansicht; - Fig. 8a
- eine weitere Ausgestaltung eines Dämpfungselements in Draufsicht;
- Fig. 8b
- das Dämpfungselement gemäß
Fig. 8a in einer ersten seitlichen Ansicht; - Fig. 8c
- das Dämpfungselement gemäß
Fig. 8a in einer zweiten seitlichen Ansicht; - Fig. 9
- einen Befestigungspunkt zur Befestigung einer Schiene in einem Schnitt quer zur Längserstreckung der Schiene.
- Fig. 1
- an elastic element designed as an elastic intermediate layer in a perspective view;
- Fig. 2a
- the elastic element according to
Fig. 1 in plan view; - Fig. 2b
- the elastic element according to
Figs. 1 and 2a in a cut along the inFig. 2a registered cutting line XX; - Fig. 3a
- an alternative design of the elastic element according to
Fig. 1 in plan view; - Fig. 3b
- the elastic element according to
Fig. 3a in a cut along the inFig. 3a registered cutting line XX; - Fig. 4a
- an alternative design of the elastic element according to
Fig. 1 in plan view; - Fig. 4b
- the elastic element according to
Fig. 4a in a cut along the inFig. 4a registered cutting line XX; - Fig. 5a
- one in the elastic element according to
Fig. 2a, 2b inserted damping element in top view; - Fig. 5b
- the damping element according to
Fig. 5a in a first side view; - Fig. 5c
- the damping element according to
Fig. 5a in a second side view; - Fig. 5d
- the damping element according to
Fig. 5a in a view from below; - Fig. 6
- an alternative embodiment of a damping element in a detail in a top view;
- Fig. 7a
- a further embodiment of a damping element in a top view;
- Fig. 7b
- the damping element according to
Fig. 7a in a first side view; - Fig. 7c
- the damping element according to
Fig. 7a in a second side view; - Fig. 8a
- a further embodiment of a damping element in a top view;
- Fig. 8b
- the damping element according to
Fig. 8a in a first side view; - Fig. 8c
- the damping element according to
Fig. 8a in a second side view; - Fig. 9
- an attachment point for attaching a rail in a section transverse to the longitudinal extent of the rail.
Der in
Jeweils eine der Spannklemmen SK1,SK2, eine der Führungsplatten FP1,FP2 und eine der Spannschrauben SR1,SR2 sind an einer der Längsseiten L1,L2 der Schiene S angeordnet, während das elastische Element 1 zwischen dem Fuß SF der Schiene S und dem Untergrund U liegt. Die Schiene S steht dementsprechend mit ihrem Fuß SF auf der ihr zugeordneten Aufstandfläche 2 des elastischen Elements 1, das mit seiner dem Untergrund U zugeordneten Auflageseite 3 auf dem Untergrund U liegt.One of the tension clamps SK1, SK2, one of the guide plates FP1, FP2 and one of the tension screws SR1, SR2 are arranged on one of the long sides L1, L2 of the rail S, while the
Die Führungsplatten FP1,FP2 sind hier nach Art von konventionellen Winkelführungsplatten ausgebildet und weisen auf ihrer dem Untergrund U zugeordneten Unterseite einen sich über ihre in Längsrichtung L der Schiene S gemessene Breite B erstreckenden Absatz auf, der bei in Montagestellung befindlichen Führungsplatten FP1,FP2 jeweils in einer zugeordneten, korrespondierend in den Untergrund U eingeformten Rinne sitzt. Zusätzlich sind die Führungsplatten FP1,FP2 in Montagestellung jeweils mit ihrer von der Schiene S abgewandten Rückseite an einer ebenfalls an dem Untergrund U ausgebildeten Schulter abgestützt. An ihrer dem Schienenfuß SF zugeordneten, gegenüber der Rückseite verbreiterten Vorderseite weisen die Führungsplatten FP1,FP2 jeweils eine Anlagefläche auf, gegen die der Schienenfuß SF mit seinem Längsrand abgestützt ist. Von der Schiene S beim Überfahren durch ein hier nicht gezeigtes Schienenfahrzeug entstehende Querkräfte Q werden so von den Führungsplatten FP1,FP2 aufgenommen und in den Untergrund U abgeleitet.The guide plates FP1, FP2 are designed here in the manner of conventional angle guide plates and have on their underside assigned to the base U a shoulder which extends over their width B measured in the longitudinal direction L of the rail S, which is in each case when the guide plates FP1, FP2 are in the assembly position an assigned channel correspondingly formed into the subsurface U. In addition, in the assembly position, the guide plates FP1, FP2 are each supported with their back facing away from the rail S on a shoulder also formed on the base U. On their front side, which is assigned to the rail foot SF and is widened compared to the back, the guide plates FP1, FP2 each have a contact surface against which the rail foot SF is supported with its longitudinal edge. Transverse forces Q arising from the rail S when it is driven over by a rail vehicle (not shown here) are absorbed by the guide plates FP1, FP2 and diverted into the subsurface U.
An ihren Oberseiten weisen die Führungsplatten FP1,FP2 hier im Einzelnen nicht dargestellte Formelemente zum Führen der auf der Führungsplatte FP1,FP2 jeweils montierten Spannklemme SK1,SK2 und eine hier ebenfalls nicht sichtbare, von der Oberseite zum Untergrund U führende Durchgangsöffnung auf, durch die die zum Spannen der jeweiligen Spannklemme SK1,SK2 verwendete Spannschraube SR1,SR2 gesteckt ist. Die betreffende Spannschraube SR1, SR2 ist dabei jeweils in einen in den Untergrund U eingelassenen, hier nicht sichtbaren Dübel geschraubt.On their upper sides, the guide plates FP1, FP2 have shaped elements, not shown here in detail, for guiding the clamp SK1, SK2 mounted on the guide plate FP1, FP2 and a through opening, also not visible here, leading from the upper side to the base U, through which the The clamping screw SR1, SR2 used to tighten the respective clamping clamp SK1, SK2 is inserted. The relevant clamping screw SR1, SR2 is screwed into a dowel embedded in the subsurface U, which is not visible here.
Das im Befestigungspunkt SB als Zwischenplatte eingesetzte elastische Element 1 stellt eine definierte elastische Nachgiebigkeit und Dämpfung des Befestigungspunkts SB in vertikaler Richtung V sicher.The
Zu diesem Zweck umfasst das elastische Element 1 einen Grundkörper 4, der aus einem dauerelastisch komprimierbaren, feinporigen EPDM-Material besteht, das eine statische Steifigkeit von beispielsweise 80 kN/mm und eine dynamische Steifigkeit von beispielsweise 110 kN/mm besitzt, so dass der Versteifungsfaktor 1,375 beträgt. Die Aufstandfläche 2 ist an der Ober- und die Auflagefläche 3 an der Unterseite des Grundkörpers 4 ausgebildet.For this purpose, the
Der Grundkörper 4 weist angrenzend an seine Schmalseiten 5,6 jeweils an seine Längsseiten 7,8 angeformte und von diesen abstehende Absätze auf, so dass das elastische Element 1 in Draufsicht die Form eines "I" oder auch "Doppel-T" hat.The
Bei jedem der in den Figuren gezeigten elastischen Elemente 1 sind in dem Grundkörper 4 jeweils eine Anzahl von Dämpfungselementen D1 (Ausgestaltung gemäß
Die Dämpfungselemente D1 - D4 bestehen aus einem hoch dämpfenden Kunststoffmaterial, das zur Verbesserung der Dämpfungseigenschaften mit einem faserförmigen Füllstoff gefüllt ist.The damping elements D1 - D4 consist of a highly damping plastic material that is filled with a fibrous filler to improve the damping properties.
Bei der in den
Wie in den
Die Geometrie der Dämpfungselemente D1 ist derart gewählt, dass einerseits die Kontaktabschnitte 14 der in das elastische Element 1 eingelassenen Dämpfungselemente D1 mit ihrem jeweiligen Kopfabschnitt 16, der sich über einen Teil der Höhe der Kontaktabschnitte 14 erstreckt, über die Aufstandfläche 2 des Grundkörpers 4 hinausstehen. Andererseits sind die Stützabschnitte 10 - 13 mit ihren Unterseiten bündig zur Auflagefläche 3 ausgerichtet, so dass bei fertig montiertem Schienenbefestigungspunkt SB die Dämpfungselemente D1 direkt auf dem Untergrund U abgestützt sind.The geometry of the damping elements D1 is chosen such that, on the one hand, the
Beim in den
Beim in den
Als weiteres Beispiel für eine Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Dämpfungselements ist das in den
Beim Aufsetzen der Schiene S auf das jeweilige elastische Element 1 setzt die Unterseite des Schienenfußes SF zuerst auf der freien Stirnfläche der Kontaktabschnitte der jeweiligen Dämpfungselemente D1,D2,D3 oder D4 der elastischen Elemente 1 auf. Wie am Beispiel der Dämpfungselemente D2 in dem vergrößerten Ausschnitt in
Beim Überfahren des Befestigungspunkts SB durch ein hier nicht gezeigtes Schienenfahrzeug wird das plattenförmige elastische Element 1 und mit ihm die in ihm jeweils enthaltenen Dämpfungselemente D1,D2,D3,D4 in vertikaler Richtung V komprimiert. Das elastische Material des Grundkörpers 4 stellt dabei sicher, dass sich die Schiene S im Befestigungspunkt SB in vertikaler Richtung V um einen definierten Betrag absenkt. Gleichzeitig dämpfen die jeweiligen Dämpfungselemente D1,D2,D3,D4 Schwingungen, die durch das Überfahren angeregt werden, und unterbinden so effektiv die Emission von primärem oder sekundärem Schall. Dabei ist ein dauerhafter, intensiver Kontakt zwischen den jeweiligen Dämpfungselementen D1,D2,D3 und D4 und der Schiene S einerseits und dem Untergrund U andererseits gewährleistet, so dass eine maximale Effektivität der Schalldämpfung gesichert ist.When a rail vehicle (not shown here) passes over the attachment point SB, the plate-shaped
- Bb
-
Breite (Breitenrichtung) des elastischen Elements 1Width (width direction) of the
elastic element 1 - D1-D4D1-D4
- DämpfungselementeDamping elements
- FP1,FP2FP1,FP2
- FührungsplattenGuide plates
- LL
-
Länge (Längsrichtung) des elastischen Elements 1Length (longitudinal direction) of the
elastic element 1 - L1,L2L1,L2
- Längsseiten der Schiene SLong sides of the rail S
- QuerkräfteTransverse forces
- SS
- Schienerail
- SBSB
- Befestigungspunkt für die Schiene SAttachment point for the rail S
- SFSF
- Fuß der Schiene SFoot of the rail S
- SK1,SK2SK1,SK2
- Spannklemmentension clamps
- SR1,SR2SR1,SR2
- SpannschraubenTension screws
- UU
- Untergrund (Schwelle aus Beton)Underground (concrete threshold)
- Vv
- vertikale Richtung (Wirkrichtung der Schwerkraft)vertical direction (direction of gravity)
- 11
- elastisches Element (Zwischenplatte)elastic element (intermediate plate)
- 22
-
Aufstandfläche des elastischen Elements 1Contact surface of the
elastic element 1 - 33
-
Auflageseite des elastischen Elements 1Support side of the
elastic element 1 - 44
-
Grundkörper des elastischen Elements 1Basic body of the
elastic element 1 - 5,65.6
-
Schmalseiten des Grundkörpers 4Narrow sides of the
base body 4 - 7,87.8
-
Längsseiten des Grundkörpers 4Long sides of the
base body 4 - 99
- Trägerabschnitt der Dämpfungselemente D1Support section of the damping elements D1
- 10-1310-13
- Stützabschnitt der Dämpfungselemente D1Support section of the damping elements D1
- 1414
- Kontaktabschnitt der Dämpfungselemente D1Contact section of the damping elements D1
- 1515
- zwischen den Stützabschnitten 10 - 13 überspannter Bereicharea spanned between the support sections 10 - 13
- 1616
-
Kopfabschnitt des Kontaktabschnitts 14Head section of the
contact section 14 - 1717
- Trägerabschnitt der Dämpfungselemente D2Support section of the damping elements D2
- 1818
- Stützabschnitte der Dämpfungselemente D2Support sections of the damping elements D2
- 1919
- Kontaktabschnitte der Dämpfungselemente D2Contact sections of the damping elements D2
- 20,2120.21
- Stützabschnitte der Dämpfungselemente D3Support sections of the damping elements D3
- 2323
- Kontaktabschnitt der Dämpfungselemente D3Contact section of the damping elements D3
- 2424
- Trägerabschnitt der Dämpfungselemente D4Support section of the damping elements D4
- 2525
- Kontaktabschnitt der Dämpfungselemente D4Contact section of the damping elements D4
- 2626
- Stützabschnitt der Dämpfungselemente D3Support section of the damping elements D3
Claims (14)
- Elastic element provided to be arranged in an attachment point (SB) for a rail (S) for rail vehicles between the rail (S) and the substrate (U) bearing it, wherein the elastic element (1) has a contact surface (2) assigned to the foot (SF) of the rail (S) and a bearing surface (3) assigned to the substrate (U), and wherein the elastic element (1) has a main body (4) consisting of a material, which behaves elastically flexibly at least in one load direction directed against the contact surface (2), and comprises at least one damping element (D1 - D4) which is embedded in the elastic material of the main body (4), characterised in that the damping element (D1 - D4) has at least one contact section (14, 19, 23, 25) assigned to the contact surface (2) which protrudes beyond the contact surface (2) of the elastic element (1) when the elastic element (1) is unloaded, and has at least two support sections (10, 13, 18, 20, 21, 26) assigned to the bearing surface of the elastic element and spaced apart from one another, and in that the contact section (14, 19, 23, 25) is arranged in the region (15) spanned between the support sections (10, 13, 18, 20, 21, 26) by the damping element (D1-D4) and is supported in the load direction (V) elastically flexible in the manner of a bridge.
- Elastic element according to claim 1, characterised in that the damping element (D1-D4) has a bearing section (9, 17, 24) which is supported on the support sections (10, 13, 18, 20, 21, 26) and on which the contact section (14, 19, 23, 25) sits.
- Elastic element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the contact section (14, 19, 23, 25) of the damping element (D1-D4) is arranged centrally in relation to the at least two support sections (10, 13, 18, 20, 21, 26) assigned to it in each case.
- Elastic element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the contact section (14, 19, 25) of the damping element (D1, D2, D4) is supported over more than two support sections (10, 13, 18, 26).
- Elastic element according to claim 4, characterised in that the damping element (D1, D2) has a shape stretched in the width (B) or longitudinal direction (L) of the elastic element (1), in that three or more support sections (10, 13, 18) are arranged distributed in the respectively viewed direction (B, L) of the elastic element (1) and in that at least one contact section (14, 19) is arranged in each case in a region (15) spanned at least between two support sections (10, 13, 18) by the damping element (D1, D2).
- Elastic element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the elastic material of the main body (4) has a static rigidity of 12 - 150 kN/mm.
- Elastic element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the elastic material of the main body (4) has a static rigidity of 35 - 120 kN/mm.
- Elastic element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rigidity factor of the elastic material of the main body (4) is less than 1.5.
- Elastic element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the damping element (D1-D4) has a mechanical loss factor tan δ of more than 0.15.
- Elastic element according to claim 9, characterised in that the mechanical loss factor tan δ is 0.15 - 0.55.
- Elastic element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the damping element (D1-D4) consists of a rubber or elastomer material.
- Elastic element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that fillers are stored in the damping element (D1-D4) which have a different density than the remaining material of the damping element (D1-D4).
- Elastic element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the damping element (D1-D4) consists of a material with a porous or fibrous structure.
- Elastic element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it is an elastic intermediate plate (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016111064.7A DE102016111064A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Elastic element for an attachment point for a rail for rail vehicles and attachment point |
PCT/EP2017/064558 WO2017216231A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2017-06-14 | Elastic element for a fastening point for a rail for rail vehicles, and fastening point |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3472387A1 EP3472387A1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
EP3472387B1 true EP3472387B1 (en) | 2024-02-28 |
EP3472387C0 EP3472387C0 (en) | 2024-02-28 |
Family
ID=59062016
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17730150.4A Active EP3472387B1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2017-06-14 | Elastic element for a fastening point for a rail for rail vehicles |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3472387B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN109312544B (en) |
DE (2) | DE102016111064A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017216231A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018100837A1 (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2019-07-18 | Vossloh-Werke Gmbh | An intermediate plate for placing between a ground and a rail for a rail vehicle in a rail fastening point and rail fastening point |
DE102019130379A1 (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-12 | Vossloh Fastening Systems Gmbh | RAIL FASTENING POINT IN WHICH A RAIL FOR A RAIL VEHICLE IS FASTENED TO A SUBSTRATE |
AT524136B1 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-11-15 | Bategu Gummitechnologie Gmbh | Rubber composition for a rail pad |
US20240150970A1 (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2024-05-09 | Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) | Multi-material rail pad and method for manufacturing same |
DE102021127583A1 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2023-04-27 | Semperit Ag Holding | liner |
AT525745B1 (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2023-07-15 | Getzner Werkstoffe Holding Gmbh | liner |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2657860B1 (en) * | 1976-12-21 | 1978-06-29 | Krupp Ag Huettenwerke | Track for rail vehicles |
AT404607B (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1999-01-25 | Porr Allg Bauges | Track construction with rails |
JPH0814325A (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1996-01-16 | Ryobi Ltd | Vibration proof pad |
TW345603B (en) * | 1996-05-29 | 1998-11-21 | Gmundner Fertigteile Gmbh | A noise control device for tracks |
CZ13005U1 (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 2003-02-10 | Pandrol Limited | Resilient backing reinforcement beneath rails |
CN2595854Y (en) * | 2002-12-25 | 2003-12-31 | 铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所 | New thermoplastic elastomer cushion plate |
CN1317453C (en) | 2003-07-26 | 2007-05-23 | 尹学军 | Elastic pad |
DE202005008535U1 (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2005-09-01 | Hagans, Friedrich | Elastic intermediate layer for rail clamp, has two polymer parts with different shore hardness, where one part has higher shore hardness that covers region where rail fastening unit is arranged and is constructed in angular form |
AT506153B1 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2010-05-15 | Semperit Ag Holding | THRESHOLD SHOE |
AT506434B1 (en) | 2008-02-01 | 2010-10-15 | Semperit Ag Holding | DAMPING ELEMENT |
CN201395754Y (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-02-03 | 刘鸿博 | Rubber tie plate mechanism |
CN201972059U (en) | 2010-07-27 | 2011-09-14 | 浙江浦江亚盛磁电有限公司 | High damping magnetic rubber sleeper pad |
CN202214663U (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2012-05-09 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Double-rigidity elastic rail pad |
CN103669124B (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2015-07-15 | 北京城建设计研究总院有限责任公司 | Split-type embedded and combined elastic base plate for rail transit fasteners |
CN104088945A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-08 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Damping shock absorber of corrugated structure |
CN105525540B (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 北京博源天衡科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to be supported without inclination variable rigidity shock absorption |
-
2016
- 2016-06-16 DE DE102016111064.7A patent/DE102016111064A1/en active Pending
-
2017
- 2017-06-14 WO PCT/EP2017/064558 patent/WO2017216231A1/en unknown
- 2017-06-14 CN CN201780037606.4A patent/CN109312544B/en active Active
- 2017-06-14 DE DE202017104578.1U patent/DE202017104578U1/en active Active
- 2017-06-14 EP EP17730150.4A patent/EP3472387B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102016111064A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
DE202017104578U1 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
CN109312544B (en) | 2021-01-26 |
EP3472387A1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
WO2017216231A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
CN109312544A (en) | 2019-02-05 |
EP3472387C0 (en) | 2024-02-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3472387B1 (en) | Elastic element for a fastening point for a rail for rail vehicles | |
EP1866481B1 (en) | Rail bearing | |
EP3044372B1 (en) | System having a rail fastening system and a ballastless railway track | |
WO1994008093A1 (en) | Bearing for a part of a railroad track | |
DE102013106123A1 (en) | Rail attachment point and shim for such a rail attachment point | |
DE102014216543A1 (en) | liner | |
EP2776626B1 (en) | Undersleeper pad with friction-reducing coating for a track sleeper and track sleeper with such an undersleeper pad | |
EP3055459B1 (en) | Elastic shim for clamping the foot of a railway profile | |
EP4256132B1 (en) | Elastic intermediate plate and arrangement for fastening a rail for a rail vehicle | |
DE1964039A1 (en) | Elastic element for mounting rails or sleepers | |
DE202015106173U1 (en) | Schienenlamellenfüllsystem | |
DE102019207929A1 (en) | Rail fastening system | |
EP3714101B1 (en) | Switch | |
EP3772443B1 (en) | Railway vehicle with at least one floor structure | |
EP0853706A1 (en) | Level crossing | |
EP1041200B1 (en) | Support structure for a railway track section | |
DE19939500A1 (en) | Springy support system for a plate shaped load carrying member comprises at least one spring element which is provided with several slits and a central through bore | |
EP1830002B1 (en) | Track structure adapted for tramways | |
DE102022003578A1 (en) | Rail storage device for the sound-absorbing storage of a rail | |
WO2023217812A1 (en) | Intermediate layer | |
DE10128844A1 (en) | Device for fixing rails on a fixed subconstruction having recesses comprises support devices having different widths so that in the assembled state each rail is arranged off-center relative to the width of a recess | |
DE202021103063U1 (en) | Rail fastening point in which a rail for a rail vehicle is fastened to an underground | |
DE202011001771U1 (en) | Ballast mat | |
DE102018100837A1 (en) | An intermediate plate for placing between a ground and a rail for a rail vehicle in a rail fastening point and rail fastening point | |
AT521738A1 (en) | Track arrangement |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20190115 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20190903 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R079 Ref document number: 502017015874 Country of ref document: DE Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: E01B0009680000 Ipc: E01B0001000000 Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R079 Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: E01B0009680000 Ipc: E01B0001000000 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20230914 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: E01B 19/00 20060101ALI20230904BHEP Ipc: E01B 9/68 20060101ALI20230904BHEP Ipc: E01B 1/00 20060101AFI20230904BHEP |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
RAP4 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: VOSSLOH FASTENING SYSTEMS GMBH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502017015874 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
U01 | Request for unitary effect filed |
Effective date: 20240325 |
|
U07 | Unitary effect registered |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG DE DK EE FI FR IT LT LU LV MT NL PT SE SI Effective date: 20240404 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240628 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240529 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240528 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 |
|
U20 | Renewal fee paid [unitary effect] |
Year of fee payment: 8 Effective date: 20240620 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240528 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240528 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240628 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240529 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20240701 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20240228 |