EP3029375B1 - Heater appliance and method for operating a heater appliance - Google Patents

Description

State of the art

From the DE 10 2011 111 453 A1 A method with a heater device for setting an air ratio of a combustion air-fuel mixture to a desired air ratio is already known, wherein the air ratio is controlled in at least one operating state and controlled in at least one further operating state. This document discloses the preamble of claim 1.

Disclosure of the invention

The invention relates to a heater device, in particular a gas and / or oil burner device for mixture combustion, in particular for combustion air-fuel mixture combustion, with at least one memory unit in which at least one control characteristic field is stored, with at least one sensor unit for detecting at least a Luftzahlkenngröße, in particular a Luftzahlkenngröße the mixture combustion, and with at least one control and / or regulating unit, which is provided to adjust at least in dependence on the air-fuel ratio an air ratio to a desired air ratio.

It is proposed that the control and / or regulating unit is provided in at least one operating state, in particular different from a starting operating state, the at least one control characteristic field which is provided for controlling at least the air-fuel ratio to a desired air-fuel ratio to adapt and / or update dynamically, in particular during operation of the heater device, in particular to adapt to changing and / or changed operating and / or boundary conditions and / or to changing and / or changed operating and / or boundary conditions and / or or to update. In particular, the control and / or regulating unit is provided to recalibrate in the operating state the at least one, in particular calibrated to a start of operation of the heater device, control characteristic field. Furthermore, the control and / or regulating unit is provided in particular for the at least one control characteristic field be adapted and / or updated in time-varying, in particular not fixed and in particular only with changing and / or changed operating and / or boundary conditions. Furthermore, in a normal operating state, the control characteristic field corresponds to an air ratio characteristic-fuel metering signal characteristic field. In this context, a "heater device" is to be understood as meaning, in particular, at least one part, in particular a subassembly, of a heating device, in particular of a gas and / or oil burner. In particular, the heater device may also include the entire heater, in particular the entire gas and / or oil burner. In particular, the heater device can have at least one combustion unit, at least one feed unit, at least one combustion air meter and / or at least one fuel meter.

In this context, a "combustion unit" should be understood to mean in particular a unit which is intended, in particular, to burn a combustion air / fuel mixture and in particular to generate at least one heating flame. A "supply unit" is to be understood in particular as a unit which is provided in particular for supplying a combustion air flow, a fuel flow and / or a combustion air-fuel mixture flow to the combustion unit. Furthermore, a "combustion air metering device" is to be understood as meaning in particular one, in particular electrical and / or electronic, unit, in particular actuator unit, preferably metering unit, which is intended to influence and in particular adjust a combustion air flow, in particular a quantity of combustion air and / or a combustion air velocity to regulate and / or promote. Preferably, the combustion air meter is designed as an actuator. The combustion air metering device can be embodied in particular as any unit that appears appropriate to a person skilled in the art, in particular a metering unit, such as, for example, a fan, which is variable in speed, and / or preferably as a fan, in particular a variable-speed fan. A "fuel metering device" is to be understood in particular as meaning a unit, in particular electrical and / or electronic unit, in particular actuator unit, preferably metering unit, which is intended to influence and in particular set a fuel flow, in particular a fuel quantity and / or a fuel quality. to regulate and / or promote. Preferably, the fuel meter is designed as an actuator. Particularly preferably, the fuel meter has at least one, advantageously designed as a mass flow sensor, fuel measuring unit, which is intended to to accurately measure the fuel flow. The fuel metering device can be designed, in particular, as any desired unit of a person skilled in the art, in particular a metering unit, such as, for example, a fuel pump which is variable in flow rate and / or preferably as a fuel valve which is variable in particular. In particular, the combustion air meter and / or the fuel meter are intended to modulate a heating power of the heater device. In this context, an object that "influences" another object should be understood in this context to mean that the further object has and / or assumes a different state, a different course, and / or a different quantity in the absence of the object than if the object were present object. In this context, the term "precisely measurable" should be understood in particular to mean that a measured value of the fuel flow deviates from an actual value of the fuel flow by at most 10%, advantageously by at most 5% and particularly preferably by at most 2%. By "provided" is intended to be understood in particular specially programmed, designed and / or equipped. The fact that an object is intended for a specific function should in particular mean that the object fulfills and / or executes this specific function in at least one application and / or operating state.

Furthermore, the sensor unit can be designed as any, in particular electric, optical and / or chemical, detection and / or measuring unit that appears expedient to a person skilled in the art, for example as temperature sensor, thermoelectric sensor, lambda probe, gas sensor, in particular carbon monoxide sensor and / or carbon dioxide sensor , Radiation sensor, in particular infrared radiation sensor and / or ultraviolet radiation sensor, and / or preferably as an ionization sensor, in particular ionization electrode and advantageously flame ionization electrode. The sensor unit can furthermore be arranged in particular inside and / or outside the heater device. The sensor unit could, for example, be arranged inside the feed unit, in particular in a combustion air path, a fuel path and / or a combustion air-fuel mixture flow path. Preferably, however, the sensor unit is arranged in a vicinity of the combustion unit, in particular the heating flame of the combustion unit, and in particular in a combustion chamber of the heater device. In this context, a "near zone" should be understood to mean, in particular, a spatial area which is formed by points, which each have a distance of at most 50 cm, advantageously of not more than 30 cm, preferably not more than 10 cm and more preferably not more than 5 cm from a reference point and / or a reference component. A "control and / or regulating unit" is to be understood in particular as an electrical and / or electronic unit having at least one control electronics. A "control electronics" is to be understood in particular as meaning a unit having a computing unit and a computer memory unit as well as an operating, control and / or regulating program stored in the computer memory unit, which is provided in particular for execution by the computer. The control and / or regulating unit can advantageously have the memory unit. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the control and / or regulating unit and the storage unit are formed separately. In particular, the control and / or regulating unit is provided to provide control signals for setting and / or adjusting the combustion air meter and / or the fuel meter. Furthermore, the control and / or regulating unit is provided to provide a requested heating power by adjusting and / or adjusting the combustion air meter and thus in particular the combustion air flow and / or the fuel meter and thus in particular the fuel flow. Furthermore, the control and / or regulating unit is provided in particular for determining a current operating value. Preferably, the control and / or regulating unit is provided to detect the current operating value and to close in particular on the basis of the detected current operating value to a current fuel flow and / or a current combustion air flow. In particular, the actual fuel flow and / or the current combustion air flow may deviate from an actual fuel flow and / or an actual combustion air flow. In this context, an "operating value" should be understood in particular to mean a value of the fuel meter and / or of the combustion air meter. Advantageously, the operating value corresponds to a value of a fuel metering signal and / or a value of a combustion air metering signal. In this case, a "fuel metering signal" is to be understood in particular as a signal of the fuel meter, such as a flow rate of the fuel stream, and / or a control signal of the fuel meter, such as a PWM control signal. Advantageously, the fuel metering signal corresponds to a manipulated variable. Furthermore, a "Verbrennungsluftdosierersignal" in particular a signal of the Verbrennungsluftdosierers, such as a speed, and / or a control signal of the Verbrennungsluftdosierers, such as a control voltage to be understood. Advantageously, the combustion air metering signal corresponds to a manipulated variable. Furthermore, an "air number" should be understood to mean in particular a factor which determines a quality of a combustion and / or by means of which a quality of a combustion can be deduced. In particular, the air ratio corresponds to a ratio of an amount of combustion air actually contained in a mixture, in particular the combustion air-fuel mixture, to a stoichiometrically required amount of combustion air, which is required in particular for complete combustion. In particular, it is possible to draw conclusions on the course of combustion, a combustion temperature, a pollutant formation and / or an efficiency of the combustion on the basis of the air ratio. An air ratio which has the value 1 corresponds in particular to a stoichiometric combustion air ratio. An air ratio greater than 1 corresponds in particular to a lean combustion air-fuel mixture and accordingly has, in particular, a combustion air excess. An air ratio less than 1 corresponds in particular to a rich combustion air-fuel mixture and accordingly has, in particular, a lack of combustion air. In particular, the air ratio corresponds to one, in particular indirect, control and / or controlled variable. Furthermore, a "desired air ratio" should be understood to mean, in particular, an air number below which combustion is to take place and / or which leads to optimized combustion, advantageously a stable heating flame, a minimum pollutant emission and / or a maximum efficiency. Advantageously, the desired air ratio is in a slightly lean combustion air-fuel mixture range, and in particular between 1.15 and 1.45, preferably between 1.2 and 1.4 and particularly preferably between 1.25 and 1.35. In particular, the desired air ratio is constant in an operating state in which a requested heat output is constant and / or unchanged. Furthermore, an "air ratio" is to be understood in particular to mean a parameter which is correlated in particular with an air number, in particular the air ratio of the combustion air / fuel mixture combustion. In particular, the control and / or regulating unit can close at least on the basis of the air-fuel ratio to the air-fuel ratio and / or determine the air-fuel ratio. In particular, it is conceivable that the Luftzahlkenngröße is identical to the air ratio. Advantageously, however, the air ratio characteristic corresponds to a measured value which represents the air number. In particular, the air number characteristic corresponds to a, in particular direct, control and / or controlled variable. Furthermore, the air ratio characteristic is in particular at least partially of the combustion air flow, in particular the amount of combustion air and / or the combustion air velocity, and at least partially dependent on the fuel flow, in particular the fuel quantity and / or the fuel quality. A "desired air-ratio characteristic" is to be understood, in particular, as an air-fuel ratio to which the air-fuel ratio is to be set, so that the air-fuel ratio advantageously corresponds at least substantially to the desired air-fuel ratio.

In particular, the control and / or regulating unit is provided to set the air-number characteristic in at least one operating state, in particular a control operating state, in the manner of a control and in particular based on at least one control characteristic field and advantageous in at least one other, in particular different from the operating state To set the operating state, in particular a control operating state, in the manner of a control and in particular on the basis of a control characteristic field, in particular such that the air number characteristic at least substantially corresponds to the desired air-figure characteristic and thereby in particular the air ratio at least substantially corresponds to the desired air number. Preferably, the air ratio and / or the air-fuel ratio in a normal operating state at least substantially corresponds to the desired air-fuel ratio and / or the desired air-fuel-ratio characteristic. Under the fact that the air ratio and / or the Luftzahlkenngröße "at least substantially" corresponds to the desired air ratio and / or the Soll Luftzahlkenngröße should be understood in particular that a relative deviation of the air ratio and / or Luftzahlkenngröße of the desired air ratio and / or the desired air ratio is at most 10%, preferably at most 5% and particularly preferably at most 2%. Furthermore, a "normal operating state" should be understood to mean, in particular, an operating state in which, in particular, an advantageous, in particular most efficient and / or constant operation of the heater device is provided. Advantageously, a normal operating state should be understood to mean a control operating state in which the air ratio is regulated in particular to the desired air ratio and, in particular, corresponds at least substantially to the desired air ratio.

Furthermore, a "characteristic characteristic curve field" is to be understood in particular to mean a number-of-air-quantity characteristic heating-power characteristic field, wherein the heating power can be mapped via a fuel metering signal and / or via a combustion air metering signal. In this case, a control characteristic field in which the heating power is mapped via the fuel metering signal corresponds in particular to an air ratio parameter fuel metering signal characteristic field. Furthermore, a control characteristic field corresponds in which the heating power is mapped via the Verbrennungsluftdosierersignal, in particular a Luftzahlkenngröße-Verbrennungsluftdosierersignal characteristic field. Furthermore, a "control characteristic field" is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a fuel metering signal combustion air metering signal characteristic field. In this context, a "characteristic field" should be understood as meaning, in particular, at least one reference curve, preferably a plurality of reference curves, and / or a reference table with reference values. In particular, the characteristic field depends on two interdependent physical quantities and is stored in particular in the memory unit, advantageously as a value table. In particular, an efficiency can be increased by the design of the heater device. In addition, advantageously, an optimized combustion with a stable heating flame, a minimum pollutant emissions and / or a maximum efficiency can be achieved, whereby in particular an operational safety can be increased. Furthermore, a control and / or regulation of the heater device can take place over a wide range of heating power. In addition, costs can be advantageously kept low.

Preferably, the control and / or regulating unit is provided for a dynamic adaptation of the at least one control characteristic field in at least one operating state, in particular control operating state, a deviation of a current operating value from a, in particular the at least one control characteristic field removable reference operating value to investigate. In particular, the control and / or regulating unit has an evaluation program stored, in particular in the computer memory unit, which is provided for determining a deviation of the current operating value from the reference operating value. In this context, a "reference operating value" should be understood to mean, in particular, an operating value which is determined from the, in particular measured, air-figure characteristic and associated reference value, in particular a reference value of the fuel-metering signal and / or a reference value stored in particular in the at least one control characteristic field Reference value of the Verbrennungsluftdosierersignals results. In this way, in particular a correct operation of the heater device can be monitored and advantageously ensured.

It is also proposed that the control and / or regulating unit is provided, in the event of a deviation of the current operating value, which is greater than a predetermined and / or definable, operating value limit deviation stored, in particular, in the memory unit is to determine at least one correction factor, in particular from a comparison and / or preferably a ratio of the current operating value to the reference operating value, and to adjust and / or update the at least one control characteristic field, in particular dynamically, by means of the correction factor. The correction factor corresponds in particular to a combustion air correction factor and / or a fuel correction factor. In this context, a "combustion air correction factor" is to be understood in particular as a correction factor, which depends in particular on the combustion air metering signal and / or is correlated with the combustion air flow. Furthermore, a "fuel correction factor" should be understood to mean, in particular, a correction factor, which depends in particular on the fuel metering signal and / or is correlated with the fuel flow. Advantageously, the operating value limit deviation has a relative deviation of at most 30%, advantageously at most 20%, preferably at most 10% and particularly preferably at most 5% from the reference operating value. In this way, in particular, an operation of the heater device can be achieved, which is at least substantially independent of changing operating and / or boundary conditions.

In addition, a heater device, in particular a gas and / or oil burner device, proposed for mixture combustion, with at least one memory unit, in which at least one control characteristic field is stored, with at least one sensor unit for detecting at least one Luftzahlkenngröße and with at least one control and / or control unit, which is provided to set an air ratio to a desired air ratio at least as a function of the air-fuel ratio, the at least one control characteristic field in a normal operating state corresponding to an air-fuel ratio characteristic fuel metering signal characteristic field. This can be increased particularly advantageous efficiency. In addition, advantageously an optimized combustion with a stable heating flame, a minimum pollutant emissions and / or a maximum efficiency can be achieved. Furthermore, in particular an advantageously simple, efficient and precise control can be achieved, in particular since a fuel flow, in particular a fuel quantity, in particular when using a fuel meter, in particular with a precise fuel metering unit, can advantageously be set exactly.

Preferably, the control and / or regulating unit is provided for controlling at least one further characteristic characteristic field to regulate the air-fuel ratio to the desired air-fuel ratio evaluate. Advantageously, the at least one further control characteristic field corresponds to an air ratio characteristic combustion air metering signal characteristic curve field. In particular, the control and / or regulating unit is provided for the purpose of controlling the air-fuel ratio to the desired air-fuel ratio in at least one first operating state, in particular normal operating state, to evaluate the at least one control characteristic field and in at least one second, in particular of the at least one first operating state different, operating state to evaluate the at least one more control characteristic field. As a result, the air ratio can advantageously be easily adapted to a value of the desired air ratio and advantageously maintained at the value of the desired air ratio.

In one embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the control and / or regulating unit is provided to determine an actual combustion air flow, in particular an actual amount of combustion air, in at least one operating state and / or at least in phases. Advantageously, the heater device, in particular apart from the fuel measuring unit and the sensor unit, free of further sensor units, in particular a flow meter. Preferably, the control and / or regulating unit is provided to determine the actual combustion air flow, in particular the actual amount of combustion air, by imposing a temporary change on the combustion air flow, the fuel flow and / or the combustion air-fuel mixture flow, in particular by means of a Aufprägeeinheit , In particular, in this case, the control and / or regulating unit is intended to register, detect and / or measure the temporary change, preferably by means of the sensor unit, and in particular based on a time period between the imprinting and the detection of the change to the actual one Combustion air flow, in particular the actual amount of combustion air to close. In particular, the actual combustion air flow, in particular the actual quantity of combustion air, can be determined on the basis of the measured time duration and with knowledge of structural dimensions of the supply unit. In this way, in particular a correct operation of the heater device can be checked.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the control and / or regulating unit is provided to determine a control characteristic field change factor based on a ratio of the actual combustion air flow, in particular the actual amount of combustion air, with a standard combustion air flow. Under a "Norm combustion air flow" is to be understood in particular as a combustion air flow which is present in the normal operating state, in particular within the supply unit, and / or should be present. Advantageously, the standard combustion air flow corresponds to a standard combustion air quantity. As a result, an operation of the heater device can advantageously be easily adapted.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the control and / or regulating unit is provided to compare the control characteristic field change factor with the correction factor, and in the case of a deviation of the control characteristic field change factor to the correction factor which is greater than a change-of-excursion deviation is, in particular in a change-over operating state, to be exchanged between the at least one control characteristic field and at least one further control characteristic field, in particular the at least one further control characteristic field. Preferably, the control and / or regulating unit is provided for at least temporarily to use the at least one further control characteristic field for the regulation. Advantageously, the control and / or regulating unit is provided in this case to dynamically adapt the at least one control characteristic field. In particular, the control and / or regulating unit is provided to change after the adaptation of the at least one control characteristic field between the at least one further control characteristic field and the at least one control characteristic field and in particular for control, in particular in the normal operating state, the at least one To use the rule characteristic field. Advantageously, the change in the change in the deviation has a relative deviation of at most 30%, advantageously at most 20%, preferably at most 10% and particularly preferably at most 5% from a reference value. In this way, in particular, a deviation of the air ratio, in particular due to changing operating and / or boundary conditions, can be considered and advantageously compensated.

In addition, the invention is based on a method for operating a heater device, in particular a gas and / or oil burner device for mixture combustion, in particular for combustion air-fuel mixture combustion, with at least one memory unit in which at least one control characteristic field is stored and with at least a sensor unit for detecting at least one Luftzahlkenngröße, wherein an air ratio is set to a desired air ratio as a function of Luftzahlkenngröße and in at least one operating state, the at least one control characteristic field, which for controlling the Luftzahlkenngröße is provided to a desired Luftzahlkenngröße is dynamically adjusted. In this way, in particular, an efficiency can be increased and, advantageously, an optimized combustion with a stable heating flame, a minimum pollutant emission and / or a maximum efficiency can be achieved.

The heater device should not be limited to the above-described application and embodiment. In particular, in order to fulfill a mode of operation described herein, the heater device may have a number different from a number of individual elements, components and units mentioned herein.

drawing

Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown. The drawing, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

Fig. 1

ein als Gasbrenner ausgebildetes Heizgerät mit einer Heizgerätevorrichtung in einer schematischen Darstellung,

Fig. 2

ein Schaubild eines Steuer-Kennlinienfelds der Heizgerätevorrichtung,

Fig. 3

ein Schaubild eines Regel-Kennlinienfelds der Heizgerätevorrichtung,

Fig. 4

ein Schaubild eines weiteren Regel-Kennlinienfelds der Heizgerätevorrichtung,

Fig. 5

ein beispielhaftes Ablaufdiagramm für einen Betrieb der Heizgerätevorrichtung,

Fig. 6

ein Schaubild des dynamisch angepassten Steuer-Kennlinienfelds aus Figur 2,

Fig. 7

ein Schaubild des dynamisch angepassten Regel-Kennlinienfelds aus Figur 3 und

Fig. 8

ein Schaubild des dynamisch angepassten weiteren Regel-Kennlinienfelds aus Figur 4.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a trained as a gas burner heater with a heater device in a schematic representation,

Fig. 2

a diagram of a control characteristic field of the heater device,

Fig. 3

a diagram of a control characteristic field of the heater device,

Fig. 4

a diagram of another control characteristic field of the heater device,

Fig. 5

an exemplary flowchart for an operation of the heater device,

Fig. 6

2 is a diagram of the dynamically adjusted control characteristic field of FIG. 2;

Fig. 7

a diagram of the dynamically adjusted rule characteristic field of Figure 3 and

Fig. 8

a graph of the dynamically adjusted further rule characteristic field FIG. 4 ,

Description of the embodiments

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary designed as a gas burner heater 20 in a schematic representation. The heater 20 has a heater device.

The heater device comprises a combustion air metering device 22. The combustion air metering device 22 is designed as an actuator. In the present case, the combustion air meter 22 is designed as a variable-speed fan. Combustion air meter 22 is intended to deliver a combustion air stream 24. In addition, the combustion air meter 22 is provided to adjust a combustion air amount. Furthermore, the heater device has an embossing unit 26. In the present case, the embossing unit 26 is intended to impose a temporary change on the combustion air flow 24 in at least one operating state.

Furthermore, the heater device comprises a fuel meter 28. The fuel meter 28 is designed as an actuator. In the present case, the fuel metering device 28 is designed as a throughput variable and in particular electronic fuel valve. The fuel meter 28 is designed as a control valve. The fuel meter 28 is designed to deliver a fuel stream 30. In the present case, the fuel meter 28 is intended to deliver a gas. In addition, the fuel meter 28 is provided to adjust a quantity of fuel. Alternatively, a fuel feeder may include a fuel metering unit, whereby the fuel metering device is provided, in particular, for precisely measuring a fuel quantity.

The heater device has a supply unit 32. The supply unit 32 includes a combustion air path. The combustion air path is intended to guide the combustion air flow 24. The supply unit 32 further includes a fuel path. The fuel path is provided to guide the fuel stream 30. In addition, the supply unit 32 includes a combustion air-fuel mixture flow path. The combustion air-fuel mixture flow path is intended to mix the combustion air stream 24 with the fuel stream 30. The combustion air-fuel mixture flow path is provided to a Mixed stream 34, in particular a combustion air-fuel mixture stream to lead.

The heater apparatus includes a combustion unit 36. The combustion unit 36 is provided to combust a combustion air-fuel mixture of the mixture stream 34. In this case, the combustion unit 36 is provided to generate a heating flame 38. In the present case, the combustion unit 36 is provided to generate the heating flame 38 in a combustion chamber of the heater device.

The heater device further comprises a sensor unit 16. The sensor unit 16 has exactly one sensor. The sensor unit 16 is arranged in the combustion chamber of the heater device. In the present case, the sensor unit 16 is arranged in particular in a vicinity of the heating flame 38 of the combustion unit 36. The sensor unit 16 is designed as a flame ionization electrode. The sensor unit 16 is provided in the present case to measure a Luftzahlkenngröße the combustion. The air number characteristic corresponds to a control and / or controlled variable. In the present case, the air ratio corresponds to an ionization value of the combustion. The sensor unit 16 makes use of the fact that flames conduct electricity when an electrical voltage is applied. Alternatively, it is conceivable to use a plurality of sensor units and / or sensor units with a plurality of sensors. In this case, the sensor units could in particular be designed differently from a flame ionization electrode and / or arranged in another area of the heater device.

Furthermore, the heater device has a control and / or regulating unit 18. The control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to control an operation of the heater device. For this purpose, the control and / or regulating unit 18 has an arithmetic unit, a computer memory unit and an operating program stored in the computer memory unit, which is intended to be executed by the arithmetic unit. Furthermore, the control and / or regulating unit 18 has a memory unit 10. The control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to provide a requested heating power. For this purpose, the control and / or regulating unit 18 has an electrical connection with the combustion air metering device 22. In addition, the control and / or regulating unit 18 has an electrical connection to the fuel meter 28. Furthermore, the control and / or regulating unit 18 has a electrical connection with the sensor unit 16. Alternatively, it is conceivable that a control and / or regulating unit has a wireless connection to a combustion air meter, a fuel meter and / or a sensor unit. Furthermore, a control and / or regulating unit and a memory unit could be designed separately.

The control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to provide control signals for adjusting the combustion air meter 22 and the fuel meter 28. In addition, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to detect current operating values of the heater device. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to detect a fuel metering signal of the fuel meter 28, a combustion air metering signal of the combustion air metering meter 22 and a sensor signal of the sensor unit 16. The fuel metering signal corresponds to the control signal of the fuel meter 28. In the present case, the fuel metering signal corresponds to a PWM control signal. The combustion air metering signal corresponds to a signal of the combustion air metering meter 22. In the present case, the combustion air metering signal corresponds to a rotational speed of the combustion air metering meter 22. The control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to use the fuel metering signal to indicate a current fuel flow. Alternatively, it is conceivable that a control and / or regulating unit is provided to measure a current fuel flow using a fuel measuring unit. The control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to close on the basis of the Verbrennungsluftdosierersignals to a current combustion air flow. The current fuel flow and / or the current combustion air flow may deviate from an actual fuel flow and / or an actual combustion air flow, in particular due to changed operating conditions and / or boundary conditions.

In addition, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to set an air ratio to a desired air ratio. In the present case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to set the air ratio as a function of the air-fuel ratio to the desired air-fuel ratio. The control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to control and / or regulate the air-fuel ratio to a desired air-fuel ratio so that the air-fuel ratio corresponds to the desired air-fuel ratio. Accordingly, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is intended to directly control and / or regulate the air-fuel ratio and the air-fuel ratio indirectly. In the present case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 provided to adjust the air ratio in the manner of a control to the desired air ratio in a control operating state and adjust the air ratio in the manner of a control to the desired air ratio in a control operating condition and / or a normal operating condition. The control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to set the air ratio based on characteristic fields to the desired air ratio. The characteristic curves are stored as value tables in the memory unit 10.

FIG. 2 shows a designed as a control characteristic field 40 first characteristic field of the heater device. The control characteristic field 40 is designed as a fuel metering signal combustion air meter signal characteristic field. On an ordinate axis 42, the fuel metering signal is shown. The combustion air metering signal is shown on an abscissa axis 44. The curve 46 shows an exemplary course of the air ratio. The control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to vary the fuel metering signal and the combustion air metering signal on the basis of the control characteristic field 40, and thereby in particular to control the air ratio to a desired air ratio.

FIG. 3 shows a designed as a control characteristic field 12 second characteristic field of the heater device. The control characteristics map 12 is designed as Luftzahlkenngröße-Brennstoffdosierersignal characteristic field. On an ordinate axis 48, the air ratio is shown. On an abscissa axis 50, the fuel metering signal is shown. The curves 52, 54 show exemplary courses for different air numbers. An uppermost curve 52 corresponds to an air ratio of 1.1. A lowest curve 54 corresponds to an air ratio of 1.45. The control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to vary the Verbrennungsluftdosierersignal based on the control characteristic field 12 and thereby in particular to regulate the Luftzahlkenngröße to a desired Luftzahlkenngröße.

FIG. 4 shows a designed as another rule characteristic field 14 second characteristic field of the heater device. The further control characteristic field 14 is designed as Luftzahlkenngröße-Verbrennungsluftdosierersignal characteristic field. On an ordinate axis 56, the air ratio is shown. On a abscissa axis 58, the Verbrennungsluftdosierersignal is shown. The curves 60, 62 show exemplary courses for different air numbers. An uppermost curve 60 corresponds to an air ratio of 1.1. A lowest curve 62 corresponds to an air ratio of 1.45. The control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided for this purpose on the basis of the further control characteristic field 14 to vary the fuel metering signal and thereby in particular to regulate the air-fuel ratio to a desired Luftzahlkenngröße.

FIG. 5 shows an exemplary flowchart for operation of the heater device. In the present case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided for controlling the air-fuel ratio to the desired air-fuel ratio in at least one operating state, in particular the normal operating state, the control characteristic field 12 and in at least one further operating state the further control characteristic field 14 evaluate.

In an operating step 70, the heater 20 is started and / or changed by a user requested heating power. A requested heat output corresponds to a defined target air ratio. An operation 72 corresponds to a control operation state. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to set the air ratio characteristic in the manner of a control and based on the control characteristic field 40 to the required target Luftzahlkenngröße. In the present case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to control the air ratio whenever a heating power and / or a desired air ratio vary greatly, such as when changing the requested heating power. If the air ratio at least substantially corresponds to the desired air ratio, an operating step 74 follows.

The operating step 74 corresponds to a control operating state. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to set the air-fuel ratio in the manner of a control and on the basis of the control characteristic field 12 or the further control characteristic field 14 to the required target Luftzahlkenngröße, so that the air ratio in particular the desired air ratio , The operating step 74 corresponds to a normal operating state. In the present case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to use the control characteristic field 12 for setting the air ratio. The control characteristic field 12 corresponds to the air ratio characteristic-fuel metering signal characteristic field. In this case, in a normal operating state, the air-number characteristic-fuel metering signal characteristic field is used to adjust the air ratio, in contrast to the prior art, because an adjustment accuracy of the fuel meter 28 is higher compared to an adjustment accuracy of the combustion air meter 22. As a result, in this operation, the combustion air metering signal is varied.

Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable that an adjustment of the air ratio in a normal operating state based on a Luftzahlkenngröße-Verbrennungsluftdosierersignal characteristic field occurs.

In an operating step 76, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to determine a deviation of a current operating value from a reference operating value. In the present case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided for determining a deviation of a current combustion air metering signal, in particular a current rotational speed of the combustion air meter, from a reference value of the combustion air metering signal, in particular a reference rotational speed, stored in the memory unit 10. If the deviation of the current operating value is smaller than an operating value limit deviation, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to execute the operating step 74 again. However, if the deviation of the current operating value is greater than the operating value limit deviation, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to determine a correction factor. The correction factor in the present case corresponds to a combustion air correction factor, in particular a speed correction factor. In addition, an operating step 78 follows in this case.

In operating step 78, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to determine an actual combustion air flow. In the present case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to determine an actual amount of combustion air. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to determine the actual quantity of combustion air by imposing a temporary change on the combustion air flow 24 by means of the impressing unit 26. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to detect the temporary change by means of the sensor unit 16 and to deduce the actual quantity of combustion air on the basis of a time period between the application and the detection of the change and taking into account constructive dimensions of the supply unit 32 , Alternatively, however, an actual combustion air flow can also be ascertained in any other manner that appears appropriate to a person skilled in the art, for example by means of a further sensor unit, in particular a flow meter.

In an operating step 80, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided, on the basis of a ratio of the actual combustion air flow with a Norm combustion air flow to determine a control characteristic field change factor. In an operating step 82, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to compare the control characteristic field change factor with the correction factor. If a deviation of the control characteristic change factor to the correction factor is smaller than an alternating limit deviation, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to execute the operating step 74 again. In this case, there is a deviation and / or a fluctuation in the combustion air flow 24, so that further regulation by means of the control characteristic field 12 makes sense, in particular since in this case an adaptation of the combustion air meter 22 takes place.

However, if the deviation of the control characteristic change factor to the correction factor is greater than the change in the deviation, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to prepare a change between the control characteristic field 12 and the further control characteristic field 14. In this case, there is a deviation and / or a fluctuation in the fuel flow 30, so that a regulation on the basis of the further control characteristic field 14 makes sense, in particular since an adaptation of the fuel meter 28 takes place in this case. For this purpose, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided in an operating step 84 for dynamically adapting the further control characteristic field 14. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to adapt the further control characteristic field 14 by means of the correction factor (cf. FIG. 8 ). Subsequently, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided in an operating step 86 to switch between the control characteristic field 12 and the further control characteristic field 14. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is thus provided to use the further control characteristic field 14 for setting the air ratio. The further control characteristic field 14 corresponds to the Luftzahlkenngrößen-Verbrennungsluftdosierersignal characteristic field.

In an operating step 88, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to determine a deviation of a further current operating value from a further reference operating value. In the present case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided for determining a deviation of a current fuel metering signal, in particular of a current PWM control signal, from a reference value of the fuel metering signal stored in the storage unit 10, in particular a reference PWM control signal. Subsequently, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to determine a further correction factor. The further Correction factor in the present case corresponds to a fuel correction factor, in particular a PWM control signal correction factor.

In an operating step 90, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to dynamically adapt the control characteristic field 12. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to adapt the control characteristic field 12 by means of the further correction factor (cf. FIG. 7 ). In an operating step 92, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is further provided to dynamically adapt the control characteristic field 40. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to adapt the control characteristic field 40 by means of the correction factor and the further correction factor (cf. FIG. 6 ).

Subsequently, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to change to a normal operating state. In the present case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to execute the operating step 74 again. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is provided to switch between the further control characteristic field 14 and the control characteristic field 12. In this case, the control and / or regulating unit 18 is thus provided to use the control characteristic field 12 for setting the air ratio. In this way, it can be achieved that an air ratio in each operating state corresponds at least substantially to the desired air ratio, whereby, in particular, optimized combustion with a stable heating flame, a minimum pollutant emission and / or a maximum efficiency can be achieved.

The exemplary flowchart in FIG FIG. 5 is intended to describe in particular only by way of example an operation of the heater device. In particular, individual operating steps and / or a sequence of operating steps may vary. In this case, in particular, a dynamic adaptation of a control characteristic field and / or at least one control characteristic field could take place at a different time and / or in a different operating step.

Claims (9)

1. Heater appliance, in particular gas and/or oil burner device for mixed combustion, having at least one storage unit (10), in which at least one control characteristic map (12) is stored, and having at least one sensor unit (16) for detecting at least one air/fuel ratio parameter and having at least one open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit (18), which is designed to set an air/fuel ratio to a desired air/fuel ratio at least as a function of the air/fuel ratio parameter, and wherein, in at least one operating state, the open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit (18) is designed to dynamically adapt the at least one control characteristic map (12) which is provided to control at least the air/fuel ratio parameter to a desired air/fuel ratio parameter, characterized in that
   in a normal operating state, the at least one control characteristic map (12) corresponds to an air/fuel ratio parameter/fuel metering signal characteristic map, wherein the normal operating state is an operating state in which the air/fuel ratio is controlled to the desired air/fuel ratio, and wherein the open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit (18) is provided to vary a combustion air metering signal by using the control characteristic map (12) and in this way to control the air/fuel ratio parameter to a desired air/fuel ratio parameter.
2. Heater appliance according to Claim 1, characterized in that the open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit (18) for dynamically adapting the at least one control characteristic map (12) is provided to determine a deviation of a current operating value from a reference operating value in at least one operating state.
3. Heater appliance according to Claim 2, characterized in that the open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit (18) is provided to determine at least one correction factor in the event of a deviation of the current operating value which is greater than an operating value limiting deviation, and to adapt the at least one control characteristic map (12) by means of the correction factor.
4. Heater appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit (18) is provided to evaluate at least one further control characteristic map (14) to control the air/fuel ratio parameter to the desired air/fuel ratio parameter.
5. Heater appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit (18) is provided to determine an actual combustion air flow in at least one operating state.
6. Heater appliance according to Claim 5, characterized in that the open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit (18) is provided to determine a control characteristic map change factor by using a ratio of the actual combustion air flow to a standard combustion air flow.
7. Heater appliance at least according to Claim 6, characterized in that the open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit (18) is provided to compare the control characteristic map change factor with the correction factor and, in the event of a deviation of the control characteristic map change factor from the correction factor which is greater than a change limiting deviation, to change between the at least one control characteristic map (12, 14) and at least one further control characteristic map (12, 14).
8. Heater device, in particular gas and/or oil burner, having at least one heater appliance according to one of the preceding claims.
9. Method for operating a heater appliance, in particular gas and/or oil burner appliance for mixed combustion, in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 7, having at least one storage unit (10), in which at least one control characteristic map (12, 14) is stored, and having at least one sensor unit (16) for detecting at least one air/fuel ratio parameter, an air/fuel ratio being set to a desired air/fuel ratio as a function of the air/fuel ratio parameter, and, in at least one operating state, the at least one control characteristic map (12, 14) which is provided to control at least the air/fuel ratio parameter to a desired air/fuel ratio parameter being dynamically adapted, characterized in that in a normal operating state, the at least one control characteristic map (12, 14) corresponds to an air/fuel ratio parameter/fuel metering signal characteristic map, wherein the normal operating state is an operating state in which the air/fuel ratio is controlled to the desired air/fuel ratio, and wherein the open-loop and/or closed-loop control unit (18) is provided to vary a combustion air metering signal by using the control characteristic map (12) and in this way to control the air/fuel ratio parameter to a desired air/fuel ratio parameter.

Images