EP3073463B1 - Vehicle detection apparatus - Google Patents
Vehicle detection apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3073463B1 EP3073463B1 EP16160417.8A EP16160417A EP3073463B1 EP 3073463 B1 EP3073463 B1 EP 3073463B1 EP 16160417 A EP16160417 A EP 16160417A EP 3073463 B1 EP3073463 B1 EP 3073463B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- detuning
- induction loop
- monitoring device
- resonance frequency
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/042—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using inductive or magnetic detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
- G08G1/145—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas
- G08G1/146—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas where the parking area is a limited parking space, e.g. parking garage, restricted space
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
- G08G1/145—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas
- G08G1/148—Management of a network of parking areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
- G08G1/149—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas coupled to means for restricting the access to the parking space, e.g. authorization, access barriers, indicative lights
Definitions
- the invention relates to a vehicle detection device and a method for monitoring an induction loop integrated in a roadway.
- Vehicle detection devices are known for various tasks in road traffic, which use induction loops which are integrated into the roadway.
- induction loops form a coil which is part of an oscillating circuit.
- the inductance of this coil changes, i. that is, the resonance frequency of the induction loop changes or is detuned.
- the detuning of the resonance frequency is detected and, when a predetermined limit value is exceeded, a switching signal is output, which represents a vehicle driving over.
- Such induction loops are used in particular in parking garages in order to recognize vehicles in front of, under and behind barriers which block the entrances and exits of the parking garages or parking spaces.
- the problem with such vehicle detection devices is that the quality of the induction loop can change over time. This can be caused by moisture, deformation of the road and the induction loop or the like. Such changes can cause the detuning changes to change and, in particular, to decrease, so that vehicles can no longer be reliably detected and malfunctions occur, which in extreme cases can lead, for example, to a barrier closes while a vehicle is under the barrier.
- DE 10 2011 014 855 A1 discloses a method and an apparatus for detecting and classifying moving vehicles, for which an induction loop and a magnetic field detector are used.
- the device disclosed there has no possibilities of detecting aging or deterioration in the function of the induction loop.
- US 5,508,698 discloses a vehicle detection system using an induction loop in which changes in the induction loop are detected based on the rate of signal change upon detuning. This system has the disadvantage that very slow changes in the quality of the induction loop cannot be detected.
- DE 1 959 546 discloses a device for determining traffic information which uses an induction loop embedded in the roadway. Monitoring of the function of the induction loop is not provided.
- DE 32 09 377 A1 discloses a method for vehicle reduction in road traffic, which in particular enables the speed of a vehicle to be based on the maximum change in the Detect loop detuning of an induction loop. This system also has the problem that a deterioration in the induction loop used can lead to incorrect measurements.
- the object of the invention is to improve a vehicle detection device in such a way that the quality of an induction loop in the vehicle detection device can be monitored in a simple manner.
- the vehicle detection device has at least one induction loop built into a roadway.
- the induction loop can be embedded in a known manner in a concrete or asphalt roadway or a roadway made of another suitable material.
- the induction loop forms a coil in a known manner, which is part of an oscillating circuit.
- When the induction loop is passed over, its resonance frequency or the resonant circuit containing the induction loop is detuned in its resonance frequency.
- the detuning that occurs can be used in a known manner to signalize a vehicle driving over
- the induction loop is connected to a monitoring device which serves to monitor the quality, ie the correct functioning of the induction loop. Quality or function monitoring is possible without using an additional reference or test loop.
- the monitoring device is designed in such a way that it detects the resonance frequency of the induction loop or of the oscillating circuit which contains the induction loop and evaluates this resonance frequency or generates and evaluates a detuning signal representing the detuning. That is, either a signal representing the detuning can be evaluated or the resonance frequency can also be evaluated directly. A larger change in the resonance frequency means a larger amount of the detuning signal. If the invention is described below on the basis of the detuning signal, it should be understood that in a corresponding manner a direct evaluation of the resonance frequency is considered to be equivalent and included in the invention.
- the resonance frequency or the detuning signal is evaluated in such a way that the monitoring device compares values of this signal with one another at different times. This means that there is no comparison with predetermined limit values in order to monitor the induction loop, rather the signal curve of the resonance frequency or of the detuning signal itself is evaluated at different points in time by comparing values of the signal which occur at different points in time with one another. These points in time can be fixed, recurring points in time.
- the resonance frequency or the detuning signal can preferably be continuously evaluated.
- the monitoring device can be designed such that it continuously monitors the resonance frequency or the detuning signal is monitored and the occurring values to be compared, for example maxima and / or minima, are recorded and compared with one another on the signal curve.
- the monitoring device can have a memory in order to store individual values or an entire signal curve. The continuous monitoring can take place in such a way that values of the detuning signal are recorded and evaluated at small, regular intervals.
- the detuning signal can preferably be digitized.
- the induction loop is further preferably connected to an evaluation device, the evaluation device being designed such that it detunes the resonance frequency of the induction loop, i. H. detects the detuning of the resonance frequency of a resonant circuit having the induction loop and outputs a digital switching signal when a predetermined detuning limit value is exceeded.
- a digital switching signal then preferably represents a vehicle that traverses the induction loop. This means that the output of the switching signal is made dependent on the magnitude of the amplitude.
- a digital switching signal is only output when a deflection or an amplitude of the detuning exceeds a predetermined detuning limit value.
- the evaluation device compares the signal curve of the detuning signal with the predetermined limit value.
- the monitoring device compares values of the detuning signal with one another at different times, i. that is, there is preferably a relative instead of or in addition to an absolute evaluation of the detuning signal.
- the monitoring device can also be designed in such a way that it detects vehicles that are crossing the induction loop through a relative signal evaluation.
- the monitoring device is preferably designed such that it detects vehicles on the basis of fluctuations in the detuning signal in comparison to the further signal profile of the detuning signal.
- the monitoring device evaluates the signal curve over time in order to identify vehicles driving over on the basis of the deflections or amplitudes that occur.
- the monitoring device then does not recognize the vehicles traveling by the fact that a predetermined limit value is exceeded, but rather that the detuning signal has a deflection or an amplitude with respect to the further signal curve.
- This has the advantage that vehicles driving over can be recognized independently of predefined limit values.
- different types of vehicles can be recognized, since the monitoring device can also be designed such that it evaluates the amount of the deflections, with larger vehicles, for example, producing a larger deflection than smaller vehicles.
- Such a monitoring device can be used as an alternative to the evaluation device described or in addition to such an evaluation device in order to enable greater operational reliability and more differentiated detection of different vehicle types.
- the monitoring device is designed such that it detects the amplitudes or deflections of the detuning signal over a period of time and recognizes a deterioration in the quality or function of the induction loop from a change in the amount of the deflections over this period.
- the monitoring device is designed such that it generates an advisory signal when the amount of the deflections changes over this period.
- the time period can be a predetermined time period, preferably the amplitudes or deflections of the detuning signal are continuously monitored. If this is Decrease over time, this speaks for example for a decreasing quality of the induction loop and the monitoring device is preferably designed such that it emits an advisory signal in the event of such a change.
- Such an advisory signal can be displayed directly to an operator, be it optically or acoustically, or further processed in a higher-level control device in order to initiate necessary measures, such as maintenance or checking the induction loop.
- the monitoring device can be designed in such a way that an advisory signal is output when the average magnitude of the deflections or amplitudes has decreased by a certain amount, ie a predetermined amount or a predetermined percentage.
- the monitoring device is designed in such a way that it does not directly compare individual amplitudes with one another, but averages the occurring amplitudes or deflections over a period of time and considers changes in this mean value.
- the monitoring device is further preferably designed such that it detects the deflections or amplitudes of the detuning signal and generates an indication or error signal if the amount of the deflections of the detuning signal or the resonance frequency falls below a predetermined lower limit.
- the lower limit can be predetermined such that it forms a limit value up to which a correct function of the induction loop is assumed. If the lower limit is undershot, this is no longer guaranteed and an advisory signal is output, which can either be detected directly by an operator or can be processed further in a higher-level control device in order to initiate necessary measures such as maintenance or repair of the induction loop.
- the monitoring device is arranged at a distance from the induction loop and the resonance frequency or detuning signal is transmitted to the monitoring device via a data network, in particular the Internet.
- a loop detector can be arranged directly on the induction loop, in which the further components of the resonant circuit are located and which outputs the detuning signal as an analog or preferably digitized signal.
- Such a loop detector is preferably arranged in the immediate vicinity of the induction loop, for example directly at a barrier in a parking lot.
- the monitoring device on the other hand, can be far away, for example integrated into a central server, in which preferably an entire control device for one parking space or several parking spaces can also be integrated.
- the monitoring device can be installed at almost any location and can be connected in a simple manner to an induction loop arranged at any other location.
- induction loops are particularly preferably connected to a common monitoring device which evaluates the detuning signals of the several induction loops independently of one another.
- the individual induction loops are preferably each provided with a loop detector which Outputs and transmits the detuning signal of the respective induction loop to the monitoring device.
- a transmission in the manner described above can take place via a data network.
- the monitoring device can, for example, be a central monitoring device for a larger parking garage or a larger parking lot.
- the monitoring device is also preferably used for monitoring induction loops of a wide variety of devices, ie, for example, several parking garages, regardless of location.
- the monitoring device can essentially be arranged at any location from where it can accordingly also monitor induction loops arranged at a great distance.
- Each induction loop is preferably monitored individually, so that deterioration or damage to each individual induction loop can be identified or corresponding information or error signals can be output for individual induction loops, as described above.
- the detection device is integrated in a parking space access control system, the at least one induction loop being part of a gate or barrier control.
- the induction loop can be arranged in front of, below or behind a barrier in order to detect vehicles there.
- the vehicle detection device can also be integrated into other systems, such as traffic light controls.
- the invention thus also particularly preferably relates to a parking space access control system which comprises a vehicle detection device according to the preceding description.
- the monitoring device can further preferably be integrated in the gate or barrier control of the parking space access control system his.
- the gate or barrier control initiates the opening and closing of barriers or gates that limit the parking space. This preferably includes access control and payment processing.
- the barrier control can be arranged locally directly on the barrier, but is further preferably arranged centrally from the barrier.
- a central gate or barrier control can be provided for an entire parking space object, ie a parking garage or a parking space.
- a central barrier control or control device which controls the barriers and gates of several parking garages.
- the barriers and gates can be connected in a known manner to the control device, ie the gate or barrier controller, via a suitable data network, in particular the Internet.
- the invention also relates to a method for monitoring an induction loop integrated in a roadway.
- any detuning of the resonance frequency of the induction loop or the resonance frequency of a resonant circuit, the part of which is the induction loop is detected at different times and compared with one another.
- a continuous acquisition with averaging is preferably carried out, it being possible to compare averages at different times.
- the process sequences described there are also preferably the subject of the method according to the invention.
- the method is expediently suitable for use with such a vehicle detection device.
- the deflections or amplitudes of a detuning of the resonance frequency are preferred Detection signal recorded over a period of time and compared with each other. This can be a predetermined period of time.
- the deflections or amplitudes are preferably recorded continuously, it being possible, if appropriate, to form mean values over individual time periods or continuously, which in turn can then be compared with one another at different times.
- a deterioration in the function of the induction loop can be inferred and a warning signal can be generated which indicates that this induction loop has to be serviced or repaired.
- the reduction in the amount of the deflections can also be detected by taking average values formed.
- a notification signal is particularly preferably generated when the magnitude of the deflections or amplitudes of the detuning signal falls below a predetermined lower limit. If the detuning is no longer large enough, a vehicle can no longer be reliably detected. A warning signal correspondingly generated when the predetermined lower limit is reached can thus indicate in good time that the respective induction loop must be serviced or repaired.
- the vehicle detection device according to the invention can be used in particular in a parking space monitoring system, such as is used for parking garages or parking lots, for example.
- the vehicle detection device serves to recognize whether a vehicle is in front of a barrier.
- two barriers 2 are shown as an example, which block, for example, two entrances or entrances and exits of a parking garage.
- a vehicle detection device with an induction loop 4 is arranged on each barrier 2, it being possible for the induction loops 4 to be let into a roadway in a known manner. It is to be understood that only one induction loop 4 is shown here by way of example on each barrier 2, but in reality several induction loops 4 can be arranged on each barrier 2, for example in front of, below and behind the barrier, in order to allow a vehicle to pass through the barrier 2 monitor.
- Each induction loop 4 is connected to a loop detector 6, which forms the evaluation device for the induction loop 4.
- the induction loop 4 forms part of an oscillating circuit, the remaining components of which are arranged in the loop detector 6.
- a vehicle passes over the induction loop 4, its inductance and thus the resonance frequency of the resonant circuit change. This change in the resonance frequency or detuning of the resonant circuit is detected by the loop detector 6.
- an operator terminal 8 is also shown at each barrier 2, which is used, for example, to issue or record parking tickets.
- a payment terminal 10 is shown by way of example. It is to be understood that a plurality of barriers 2, operating terminals 8 and also a plurality of payment terminals 10 can be present in a parking garage.
- the system also has a central control device 12, which forms a barrier control and controls a plurality of barriers 2 in the manner described below. It should be understood that the central control device 12 can not only control a single parking garage or a single parking space with its components, but can also control a large number of different parking garages and parking spaces or the elements such as barriers 2 present there.
- control device 12 is connected via the Internet 14 with all components to be controlled, i. H. in particular, the barriers 2, the operator terminals 8 and / or the payment terminals 10 are connected.
- the loop detectors 6 are also connected to the control device 12 via the Internet 14.
- the control device 12 transmits control commands to the individual barriers 2 via the Internet 14 in order to open and, if necessary, close them.
- the control device 12 receives data from the operator terminals 8 and sends data to the operator terminals 8, for example when issuing and reading in parking tickets.
- it also communicates with the payment terminals 10 via the Internet 14 in order to process payment processes.
- the loop detectors 6 when a vehicle drives over the induction loop 4 and detunes the resonance frequency, the loop detectors 6 output a digital switching signal and transmit this to the central control device 12. A digital switching signal is output when a predetermined limit value for the detuning is exceeded.
- a monitoring device 16 which monitors the function of the induction loops 4, is integrated in the central control device 12, which can be formed by a server system.
- the monitoring device 16 can be integrated into the control device 12 as a module, in particular as a software module.
- the function or quality of the induction loops 4 is monitored in such a way that the loop detectors 6 not only transmit digital switching signals to the control device 12, but instead of these switching signals or in addition to these switching signals the detected resonance frequency or a detuning signal is transmitted, which represents the actual detuning of the resonance frequency.
- FIG. 2 shows the course of the resonance frequency F over time t.
- the frequency F1 represents the resonance frequency of the resonant circuit or the induction loop 4 in the non-detuned state, ie when there is no vehicle above the induction loop. If a vehicle is above the induction loop, the resonance frequency is reduced in this example, for. B. at times t 1 , t 2 , t 3 and t 4 . If the resonance frequency F falls below a limit value G, the associated loop detector 6 outputs a digital switching signal to the control device 12 via the Internet 14. In the example shown, the amount of detuning decreases over time, that is, at time t 4 , the detuning is less than at time t 1 . This can result from a deterioration in the quality of the induction loop 4, which in the end can lead to the Detuning no longer falls below the limit value G, so that a switching signal is no longer generated when a vehicle is above the induction loop 4.
- a detuning signal V is plotted against time t.
- the detuning signal V corresponds to the frequency difference by which the resonance frequency of the resonant circuit or the induction loop 4 is detuned when a vehicle is passed over. If there is no detuning, the amount of detuning signal V is zero. If the resonance frequency of the induction loop 4 is detuned by driving over the induction loop 4, the detuning signal V shows amplitudes or deflections, in this example designated A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5. If the amount of these deflections A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5 exceeds the limit value G, the loop detector 6 generates said digital switching signal.
- the amount of the rashes A1, A2 decreases over time, ie the rashes A3 and A4 are smaller than the rashes A1 and A2 and the rash A5 is again smaller. That is, the signal of the induction loop 4, which represents a vehicle driving over, deteriorates over time, which can be caused, for example, by geometric changes in the induction loop in the road, moisture entering the asphalt or the like.
- the monitoring device 16 is designed such that it continuously monitors the detuning signal V for each individual induction loop 4 in such a way that the amounts of the deflections that occur are compared with one another. Now recognizes the monitoring device 16, that the amounts of the deflections are smaller, ie in this example the deflections A3 and A4 are weaker than the previous deflections A1 and A2 and the deflection A5 is even weaker, the monitoring device 16 can generate an advisory signal which indicates that the induction loop 4 no longer works properly and needs to be serviced or repaired.
- a limit value G or a lower limit U can also be provided for this purpose, when such an advisory signal is undershot.
- the signal or the amount of the deflection A5 falls below this lower limit U, which can then cause the monitoring device 16 to output the advisory signal.
- the direct monitoring of the resonance frequency or the detuning signal V instead of just a switching signal has the additional advantage that a far more accurate detection of vehicles driving over is possible.
- different types of vehicles can be distinguished since different types of vehicles cause different deflections A. Larger vehicles cause greater upsets than smaller vehicles. This can be differentiated.
- mean values formed over a longer period of time it is helpful to take into account mean values formed over a longer period of time to monitor the quality of the induction loop. A change in these mean values over time does not depend on individual different vehicle types, but rather suggests a change in the quality of the induction loop 4.
- Figure 4 shows the course of the resonance frequency according to the representation in Figure 2 . If a first vehicle now travels over the associated induction loop 4, the resonance frequency is reduced from the quiescent frequency F1 to a resonance frequency F2 at time t 1 . Since this distinguishes the limit value G, a vehicle driving over it is recognized and a digital switching signal, which represents the vehicle driving over, can be output by the loop detector 6. In conventional systems, the limit value G would only be exceeded again at time t 4 , and only then could it be detected that the vehicle had been left. In the example shown, two vehicles drive one behind the other over the induction loop 4.
- the small gap between the vehicles causes the resonance frequency to rise again to the value F3 at time t 2 , but this falls below the limit value G is located and thus does not cause a digital switching signal or a change in the digital switching signal, so that in a conventional system no second vehicle could be detected here that overruns the induction loop at time t 3 , whereupon the resonance frequency is reduced to the value F2 is coming.
- the relative change in the resonance frequency or the original tuning from the value F2 to the value F3 can be detected by the monitoring device, so that it can be detected here that two Roll vehicles over induction loop 4 one after the other.
- the monitoring device 16 can be designed so that when a signal curve as shown in FIG Figure 4 an alarm signal to initiate manual control.
- the change in the signal curve, as in Figure 4 is shown, can be achieved by continuous monitoring of the detuning signal V or the resonance frequency F.
- the amount of the signal can be continuously recorded and evaluated at regular intervals. These time intervals are chosen so small that they are in any case smaller than the expected time intervals between two vehicles passing over the induction loop 4.
- the values of the resonance frequency F or of the associated detuning signal V are preferably compared with one another at times t 1 , t 2 , t 3 and t 4 , ie there is not only a comparison with a limit value G , so that changes in the signal curve can be determined independently of specified limit values.
- either the signal of the resonance frequency can be evaluated directly by the monitoring device or a detuning signal which represents the detuning. Both are considered equivalent in the sense of the invention.
- the evaluation of the signal in the monitoring device can either be purely relative, changes or differences in the deflections occurring when the resonance frequency is detuned, in order, for example, to be able to detect malfunctions of the function of the induction loop at an early stage or to detect different types of vehicles or vehicles driving directly behind one another.
- This further limit value forms a lower limit for the amounts of the upsets that occur.
- the amount of deflection of the detuning signal is compared with two limit values, ie, a lower limit value, which signals the vehicle passing the induction loop 4, and an upper limit value, which must also be exceeded in order to ensure the correct functioning of the induction loop 4. If only the limit value causing the switching signal is exceeded, the desired function of the induction loop 4 is still present, but it can be recognized early on by the monitoring device 16 that the function of the induction loop 4 deteriorates in order to carry out maintenance or replacement can before the function of the induction loop 4 fails.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtung sowie ein Verfahren zum Überwachen einer in eine Fahrbahn integrierten Induktionsschleife.The invention relates to a vehicle detection device and a method for monitoring an induction loop integrated in a roadway.
Für verschiedene Aufgaben im Straßenverkehr sind Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtungen bekannt, welche Induktionsschleifen verwenden, welche in die Fahrbahn integriert sind. Derartige Induktionsschleifen bilden eine Spule, welche Teil eines Schwingkreises ist. Beim Überfahren eines Fahrzeuges ändert sich die Induktivität dieser Spule, d. h., die Resonanzfrequenz der Induktionsschleife ändert sich bzw. wird verstimmt. Die Verstimmung der Resonanzfrequenz wird erfasst und beim Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Grenzwertes wird ein Schaltsignal ausgegeben, welches ein überfahrendes Fahrzeug repräsentiert.Vehicle detection devices are known for various tasks in road traffic, which use induction loops which are integrated into the roadway. Such induction loops form a coil which is part of an oscillating circuit. When driving over a vehicle, the inductance of this coil changes, i. that is, the resonance frequency of the induction loop changes or is detuned. The detuning of the resonance frequency is detected and, when a predetermined limit value is exceeded, a switching signal is output, which represents a vehicle driving over.
Solche Induktionsschleifen werden insbesondere in Parkhäusern verwendet, um Fahrzeuge vor, unter und hinter Schranken zu erkennen, welche Ein- und Ausfahrten der Parkhäuser bzw. Parkplätze versperren.Such induction loops are used in particular in parking garages in order to recognize vehicles in front of, under and behind barriers which block the entrances and exits of the parking garages or parking spaces.
Problematisch bei derartigen Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtungen ist, dass sich die Qualität der Induktionsschleife im Laufe der Zeit verändern kann. Dies kann durch Feuchtigkeit, Verformungen der Fahrbahn und der Induktionsschleife oder Ähnliches verursacht sein. Durch derartige Veränderungen kann es passieren, dass sich die auftretenden Verstimmungen ändern und insbesondere verringern, sodass Fahrzeuge nicht mehr zuverlässig detektiert werden können und es zu Fehlfunktionen kommt, was im Extremfall beispielsweise dazu führen kann, dass eine Schranke schließt, während sich ein Fahrzeug unter der Schranke befindet.The problem with such vehicle detection devices is that the quality of the induction loop can change over time. This can be caused by moisture, deformation of the road and the induction loop or the like. Such changes can cause the detuning changes to change and, in particular, to decrease, so that vehicles can no longer be reliably detected and malfunctions occur, which in extreme cases can lead, for example, to a barrier closes while a vehicle is under the barrier.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Fahrzeug-Detektions-vorrichtung derart zu verbessern, dass auf einfache Weise eine Überwachung der Qualität einer Induktionsschleife in der Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtung ermöglicht wird.The object of the invention is to improve a vehicle detection device in such a way that the quality of an induction loop in the vehicle detection device can be monitored in a simple manner.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtung mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen sowie durch ein Verfahren zum Überwachen einer in einer Fahrbahn integrierten Induktionsschleife mit den in Anspruch 10 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung sowie den Figuren.This object is achieved by a vehicle detection device with the features specified in
Die erfindungsgemäße Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtung weist zumindest eine in eine Fahrbahn eingebaute Induktionsschleife auf. Die Induktionsschleife kann in bekannter Weise in eine Beton- oder Asphalt-Fahrbahn oder eine Fahrbahn aus einem anderen geeigneten Material eingebettet sein. Die Induktionsschleife bildet dabei in bekannter Weise eine Spule, welche Teil eines Schwingkreises ist. Beim Überfahren der Induktionsschleife wird deren Resonanzfrequenz bzw. der die Induktionsschleife enthaltende Schwingkreis in seiner Resonanzfrequenz verstimmt. Die auftretende Verstimmung kann in bekannter Weise dazu genutzt werden, ein überfahrendes Fahrzeug zu signalisierenThe vehicle detection device according to the invention has at least one induction loop built into a roadway. The induction loop can be embedded in a known manner in a concrete or asphalt roadway or a roadway made of another suitable material. The induction loop forms a coil in a known manner, which is part of an oscillating circuit. When the induction loop is passed over, its resonance frequency or the resonant circuit containing the induction loop is detuned in its resonance frequency. The detuning that occurs can be used in a known manner to signalize a vehicle driving over
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Induktionsschleife mit einer Überwachungseinrichtung verbunden, welche dazu dient, die Qualität, d. h. die korrekte Funktionsweise der Induktionsschleife zu überwachen. Dabei ist eine Qualitäts- oder Funktionsüberwachung ohne Verwendung einer zusätzlichen Referenz- oder Prüfschleife möglich. Die Überwachungseinrichtung ist derart ausgebildet, dass sie die Resonanzfrequenz der Induktionsschleife bzw. des Schwingkreises, welcher die Induktionsschleife enthält, erfasst und diese Resonanzfrequenz auswertet oder ein die Verstimmung repräsentierendes Verstimmungssignal erzeugt und auswertet. D. h., es kann entweder ein die Verstimmung repräsentierendes Signal ausgewertet werden oder es kann auch direkt die Resonanzfrequenz ausgewertet werden. Dabei bedeutet eine größere Änderung der Resonanzfrequenz einen größeren Betrag des Verstimmungssignales. Wenn nachfolgend die Erfindung anhand des Verstimmungssignals beschrieben wird, so ist zu verstehen, dass in entsprechender Weise eine direkte Auswertung der Resonanzfrequenz als äquivalent und von der Erfindung mitumfasst angesehen wird.According to the invention, the induction loop is connected to a monitoring device which serves to monitor the quality, ie the correct functioning of the induction loop. Quality or function monitoring is possible without using an additional reference or test loop. The monitoring device is designed in such a way that it detects the resonance frequency of the induction loop or of the oscillating circuit which contains the induction loop and evaluates this resonance frequency or generates and evaluates a detuning signal representing the detuning. That is, either a signal representing the detuning can be evaluated or the resonance frequency can also be evaluated directly. A larger change in the resonance frequency means a larger amount of the detuning signal. If the invention is described below on the basis of the detuning signal, it should be understood that in a corresponding manner a direct evaluation of the resonance frequency is considered to be equivalent and included in the invention.
Die Resonanzfrequenz bzw. das Verstimmungssignal wird in der Weise ausgewertet, dass die Überwachungseinrichtung Werte dieses Signals zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten miteinander vergleicht. D. h., es findet kein Vergleich mit vorgegebenen Grenzwerten statt, um die Induktionsschleife zu überwachen, vielmehr wird der Signalverlauf der Resonanzfrequenz oder des Verstimmungssignals selber zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten ausgewertet, indem Werte des Signals, welche zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten auftreten, miteinander verglichen werden. Diese Zeitpunkte können fest vorgegebene wiederkehrende Zeitpunkte sein. Bevorzugt kann eine kontinuierliche Auswertung der Resonanzfrequenz bzw. des Verstimmungssignals erfolgen. Allerdings ist es auch möglich, Zeitpunkte, zu welchen das Verstimmungssignal von der Überwachungseinrichtung erfasst und ausgewertet wird, aus dem Signalverlauf selber zu erfassen, d. h., es können beispielsweise auftretende Maxima und Minima des Signalverlaufes miteinander verglichen werden, welche nicht zu fest vorgegebenen Zeitpunkten auftreten müssen. So können Maxima beispielsweise beim Überfahren eines Fahrzeuges auftreten. Die Überwachungseinrichtung kann dazu derart ausgebildet sein, dass sie die Resonanzfrequenz bzw. das Verstimmungssignal kontinuierlich überwacht und am Signalverlauf die auftretenden zu vergleichenden Werte, beispielweise Maxima und/oder Minima erfasst und miteinander vergleicht. Dazu kann die Überwachungseinrichtung einen Speicher aufweisen, um einzelne Werte oder einen gesamten Signalverlauf zu speichern. Die kontinuierliche Überwachung kann in der Weise erfolgen, dass in kleinen, regelmäßigen Abständen Werte des Verstimmungssignals erfasst und ausgewertet werden. Bevorzugt kann eine Digitalisierung des Verstimmungssignals vorgenommen werden.The resonance frequency or the detuning signal is evaluated in such a way that the monitoring device compares values of this signal with one another at different times. This means that there is no comparison with predetermined limit values in order to monitor the induction loop, rather the signal curve of the resonance frequency or of the detuning signal itself is evaluated at different points in time by comparing values of the signal which occur at different points in time with one another. These points in time can be fixed, recurring points in time. The resonance frequency or the detuning signal can preferably be continuously evaluated. However, it is also possible to detect times at which the detuning signal is recorded and evaluated by the monitoring device from the signal curve itself, ie, for example, occurring maxima and minima of the signal curve can be compared with one another, which do not have to occur at predetermined times , For example, maxima can occur when driving over a vehicle. For this purpose, the monitoring device can be designed such that it continuously monitors the resonance frequency or the detuning signal is monitored and the occurring values to be compared, for example maxima and / or minima, are recorded and compared with one another on the signal curve. For this purpose, the monitoring device can have a memory in order to store individual values or an entire signal curve. The continuous monitoring can take place in such a way that values of the detuning signal are recorded and evaluated at small, regular intervals. The detuning signal can preferably be digitized.
Weiter bevorzugt ist die Induktionsschleife mit einer Auswerteeinrichtung verbunden, wobei die Auswerteeinrichtung derart ausgestaltet ist, dass sie die Verstimmung der Resonanzfrequenz der Induktionsschleife, d. h. die Verstimmung der Resonanzfrequenz eines die Induktionsschleife aufweisenden Schwingkreises erfasst und bei Überschreiten eines vorbestimmten Verstimmungs-Grenzwertes ein digitales Schaltsignal ausgibt. Ein solches digitales Schaltsignal repräsentiert dann bevorzugt ein Fahrzeug, welches die Induktionsschleife überfährt. Das bedeutet, die Ausgabe des Schaltsignals wird von dem Betrag der Amplitude abhängig gemacht. Ein digitales Schaltsignal wird nur dann ausgegeben, wenn ein Ausschlag bzw. eine Amplitude der Verstimmung einen vorgegebenen Verstimmungs-Grenzwert überschreitet. Hierzu wird von der Auswerteeinrichtung der Signalverlauf des Verstimmungssignals mit dem vorgegebenen Grenzwert verglichen. Im Unterschied oder zusätzlich dazu vergleicht die Überwachungseinrichtung Werte des Verstimmungssignals zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten untereinander, d. h., es erfolgt bevorzugt eine relative anstatt oder zusätzlich zu einer absoluten Auswertung des Verstimmungssignals.The induction loop is further preferably connected to an evaluation device, the evaluation device being designed such that it detunes the resonance frequency of the induction loop, i. H. detects the detuning of the resonance frequency of a resonant circuit having the induction loop and outputs a digital switching signal when a predetermined detuning limit value is exceeded. Such a digital switching signal then preferably represents a vehicle that traverses the induction loop. This means that the output of the switching signal is made dependent on the magnitude of the amplitude. A digital switching signal is only output when a deflection or an amplitude of the detuning exceeds a predetermined detuning limit value. To this end, the evaluation device compares the signal curve of the detuning signal with the predetermined limit value. In contrast or in addition to this, the monitoring device compares values of the detuning signal with one another at different times, i. that is, there is preferably a relative instead of or in addition to an absolute evaluation of the detuning signal.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann auch die Überwachungseinrichtung derart ausgebildet sein, dass sie durch eine relative Signalauswertung Fahrzeuge erkennt, welche die Induktionsschleife überfahren. Dazu ist die Überwachungseinrichtung vorzugsweise so ausgebildet, dass sie anhand von Ausschlägen des Verstimmungssignals im Vergleich zu dem weiteren Signalverlauf des Verstimmungssignals Fahrzeuge erkennt. D. h., die Überwachungseinrichtung wertet den Signalverlauf über der Zeit aus, um anhand der auftretenden Ausschläge bzw. Amplituden überfahrende Fahrzeuge zu erkennen. Die Überwachungseinrichtung erkennt die überfahrenden Fahrzeuge dann nicht daran, dass ein vorgegebener Grenzwert überschritten wird, sondern dass das Verstimmungssignal einen Ausschlag bzw. eine Amplitude gegenüber dem weiteren Signalverlauf aufweist. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass überfahrende Fahrzeuge unabhängig von vorgegebenen Grenzwerten erkannt werden können. Darüber hinaus können verschiedene Fahrzeugtypen erkannt werden, da die Überwachungseinrichtung zusätzlich so ausgebildet sein kann, dass sie die Ausschläge ihrem Betrag nach auswertet, wobei beispielsweise größere Fahrzeuge einen größeren Ausschlag als kleinere Fahrzeuge erzeugen.As an alternative or in addition, the monitoring device can also be designed in such a way that it detects vehicles that are crossing the induction loop through a relative signal evaluation. For this purpose, the monitoring device is preferably designed such that it detects vehicles on the basis of fluctuations in the detuning signal in comparison to the further signal profile of the detuning signal. In other words, the monitoring device evaluates the signal curve over time in order to identify vehicles driving over on the basis of the deflections or amplitudes that occur. The monitoring device then does not recognize the vehicles traveling by the fact that a predetermined limit value is exceeded, but rather that the detuning signal has a deflection or an amplitude with respect to the further signal curve. This has the advantage that vehicles driving over can be recognized independently of predefined limit values. In addition, different types of vehicles can be recognized, since the monitoring device can also be designed such that it evaluates the amount of the deflections, with larger vehicles, for example, producing a larger deflection than smaller vehicles.
Eine derartige Überwachungseinrichtung kann alternativ zu der beschriebenen Auswerteeinrichtung oder zusätzlich zu einer solchen Auswerteeinrichtung verwendet werden, um eine größere Betriebssicherheit und ein differenzierteres Erkennen unterschiedlicher Fahrzeugtypen zu ermöglichen.Such a monitoring device can be used as an alternative to the evaluation device described or in addition to such an evaluation device in order to enable greater operational reliability and more differentiated detection of different vehicle types.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Überwachungseinrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass sie die Amplituden bzw. Ausschläge des Verstimmungssignals über einen Zeitraum erfasst und aus einer Veränderung des Betrages der Ausschläge über diesen Zeitraum eine Verschlechterung der Qualität bzw. Funktion der Induktionsschleife erkennt. Insbesondere ist die Überwachungseinrichtung so ausgebildet, dass sie bei einer Veränderung des Betrages der Ausschläge über diesen Zeitraum ein Hinweissignal erzeugt. Der Zeitraum kann ein vorbestimmter Zeitraum sein, bevorzugt erfolgt eine kontinuierliche Überwachung der Amplituden bzw. Ausschläge des Verstimmungssignals. Wenn diese sich im Laufe der Zeit verringern, spricht dies beispielsweise für eine abnehmende Qualität der Induktionsschleife und die Überwachungseinrichtung ist vorzugsweise so ausgebildet, dass sie bei einer solchen Veränderung ein Hinweissignal ausgibt. Ein solches Hinweissignal kann direkt einer Bedienperson zur Anzeige gebracht werden, sei es optisch oder akustisch, oder in einer übergeordneten Steuereinrichtung weiterverarbeitet werden, um erforderliche Maßnahmen wie beispielsweise eine Wartung oder Überprüfung der Induktionsschleife zu veranlassen. Die Überwachungseinrichtung kann so ausgebildet sein, dass ein Hinweissignal dann ausgegeben wird, wenn sich der durchschnittliche Betrag der Ausschläge bzw. Amplituden um ein gewisses Maß, d. h. ein vorgegebenes Maß bzw. einen vorgegebenen Prozentsatz verringert hat. Dabei ist die Überwachungseinrichtung so ausgebildet, dass sie nicht direkt einzelne Amplituden miteinander vergleicht, sondern über einen Zeitraum die auftretenden Amplituden bzw. Ausschläge mittelt und Veränderungen dieses Mittelwertes betrachtet.According to the invention, the monitoring device is designed such that it detects the amplitudes or deflections of the detuning signal over a period of time and recognizes a deterioration in the quality or function of the induction loop from a change in the amount of the deflections over this period. In particular, the monitoring device is designed such that it generates an advisory signal when the amount of the deflections changes over this period. The time period can be a predetermined time period, preferably the amplitudes or deflections of the detuning signal are continuously monitored. If this is Decrease over time, this speaks for example for a decreasing quality of the induction loop and the monitoring device is preferably designed such that it emits an advisory signal in the event of such a change. Such an advisory signal can be displayed directly to an operator, be it optically or acoustically, or further processed in a higher-level control device in order to initiate necessary measures, such as maintenance or checking the induction loop. The monitoring device can be designed in such a way that an advisory signal is output when the average magnitude of the deflections or amplitudes has decreased by a certain amount, ie a predetermined amount or a predetermined percentage. The monitoring device is designed in such a way that it does not directly compare individual amplitudes with one another, but averages the occurring amplitudes or deflections over a period of time and considers changes in this mean value.
Weiter bevorzugt ist die Überwachungseinrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass sie die Ausschläge bzw. Amplituden des Verstimmungssignals erfasst und ein Hinweis- bzw. Fehlersignal erzeugt, wenn der Betrag der Ausschläge des Verstimmungssignals bzw. der Resonanzfrequenz eine vorbestimmte Untergrenze unterschreitet. Die Untergrenze kann so vorgegeben sein, dass diese einen Grenzwert bildet, bis zu der eine ordnungsgemäße Funktion der Induktionsschleife angenommen wird. Wenn die Untergrenze unterschritten wird, ist diese nicht mehr gewährleistet und es wird ein Hinweissignal ausgegeben, welches entweder direkt von einer Bedienperson erfassbar sein kann oder in einer übergeordneten Steuereinrichtung weiterverarbeitet werden kann, um erforderliche Maßnahmen wie eine Wartung oder Reparatur der Induktionsschleife zu veranlassen. Auch hier werden vorzugsweise nicht einzelne Ausschläge bzw. Amplituden miteinander verglichen, sondern es werden über einen bestimmten Zeitraum, bevorzugt kontinuierlich, Durchschnittswerte der auftretenden Ausschläge bzw. Amplituden, d. h., deren Beträge gebildet und mit der vorbestimmten Untergrenze verglichen. Dabei erfolgt ebenfalls bevorzugt eine relative Signalauswertung.The monitoring device is further preferably designed such that it detects the deflections or amplitudes of the detuning signal and generates an indication or error signal if the amount of the deflections of the detuning signal or the resonance frequency falls below a predetermined lower limit. The lower limit can be predetermined such that it forms a limit value up to which a correct function of the induction loop is assumed. If the lower limit is undershot, this is no longer guaranteed and an advisory signal is output, which can either be detected directly by an operator or can be processed further in a higher-level control device in order to initiate necessary measures such as maintenance or repair of the induction loop. Here, too, it is preferably not the case that individual deflections or amplitudes are compared with one another, but rather over a specific period, preferably continuously, Average values of the fluctuations or amplitudes that occur, that is, their amounts are formed and compared with the predetermined lower limit. A relative signal evaluation is also preferably carried out.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Überwachungseinrichtung entfernt von der Induktionsschleife angeordnet und das Resonanzfrequenz- oder Verstimmungssignal wird über ein Datennetzwerk, insbesondere das Internet, an die Überwachungseinrichtung übertragen. Dazu kann direkt an der Induktionsschleife ein Schleifendetektor angeordnet sein, in welchen die weiteren Komponenten des Schwingkreises gelegen sind und welcher das Verstimmungssignal als analoges oder vorzugsweise digitalisiertes Signal ausgibt. Ein solcher Schleifendetektor ist vorzugsweise in unmittelbarer Nähe der Induktionsschleife angeordnet, beispielsweise direkt an einer Schranke eines Parkplatzes. Die Überwachungseinrichtung hingegen kann weit entfernt, beispielsweise in einen zentralen Server integriert sein, in welchem vorzugsweise auch eine gesamte Steuereinrichtung für einen Parkplatz oder mehrere Parkplätze integriert sein kann. So wird eine zentrale Überwachung einer Vielzahl von Induktionsschleifen an einem zentralen Ort möglich, wodurch eine sehr kostengünstige Überwachung erreicht wird. Aufgrund der Datenübertragung über ein Datennetzwerk wie das Internet kann die Überwachungseinrichtung an nahezu jedem beliebigen Ort installiert werden und auf einfache Weise mit einer an einem weiteren beliebigen Ort angeordneten Induktionsschleife entsprechend verbunden werden.According to a further preferred embodiment, the monitoring device is arranged at a distance from the induction loop and the resonance frequency or detuning signal is transmitted to the monitoring device via a data network, in particular the Internet. For this purpose, a loop detector can be arranged directly on the induction loop, in which the further components of the resonant circuit are located and which outputs the detuning signal as an analog or preferably digitized signal. Such a loop detector is preferably arranged in the immediate vicinity of the induction loop, for example directly at a barrier in a parking lot. The monitoring device, on the other hand, can be far away, for example integrated into a central server, in which preferably an entire control device for one parking space or several parking spaces can also be integrated. This enables central monitoring of a large number of induction loops at a central location, which enables very cost-effective monitoring. Due to the data transmission via a data network such as the Internet, the monitoring device can be installed at almost any location and can be connected in a simple manner to an induction loop arranged at any other location.
Besonders bevorzugt sind mehrere Induktionsschleifen mit einer gemeinsamen Überwachungseinrichtung verbunden, welche die Verstimmungssignale der mehreren Induktionsschleifen unabhängig voneinander auswertet. Die einzelnen Induktionsschleifen sind dabei vorzugsweise jeweils mit einem Schleifendetektor versehen, welcher das Verstimmungssignal der jeweiligen Induktionsschleife an die Überwachungseinrichtung ausgibt und überträgt. Dabei kann eine Übertragung in der vorangehend beschriebenen Weise über ein Datennetzwerk erfolgen. Die Überwachungseinrichtung kann beispielsweise eine zentrale Überwachungseinrichtung für ein größeres Parkhaus oder einen größeren Parkplatz sein. Weiter bevorzugt dient die Überwachungseinrichtung jedoch ortsunabhängig zur Überwachung von Induktionsschleifen verschiedenster Einrichtungen, d. h. z. B. mehrerer Parkhäuser. Bei einer Anbindung über das Internet zur Datenübertragung lässt sich die Überwachungseinrichtung im Wesentlichen an einem beliebigen Ort anordnen, von wo aus sie auch in großer Entfernung angeordnete Induktionsschleifen entsprechend überwachen kann. Bevorzugt wird jede Induktionsschleife einzeln überwacht, sodass Verschlechterungen oder Beschädigungen jeder einzelnen Induktionsschleife erkannt werden können bzw. entsprechende Hinweis- oder Fehlersignale für einzelne Induktionsschleifen ausgegeben werden können, wie es vorangehend beschrieben ist.Several induction loops are particularly preferably connected to a common monitoring device which evaluates the detuning signals of the several induction loops independently of one another. The individual induction loops are preferably each provided with a loop detector which Outputs and transmits the detuning signal of the respective induction loop to the monitoring device. A transmission in the manner described above can take place via a data network. The monitoring device can, for example, be a central monitoring device for a larger parking garage or a larger parking lot. However, the monitoring device is also preferably used for monitoring induction loops of a wide variety of devices, ie, for example, several parking garages, regardless of location. In the case of a connection via the Internet for data transmission, the monitoring device can essentially be arranged at any location from where it can accordingly also monitor induction loops arranged at a great distance. Each induction loop is preferably monitored individually, so that deterioration or damage to each individual induction loop can be identified or corresponding information or error signals can be output for individual induction loops, as described above.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Detektionsvorrichtung, wie sie vorangehend beschrieben wurde, in ein Parkraum-Zugangskontrollsystem integriert, wobei die zumindest eine Induktionsschleife Bestandteil einer Tor- oder Schrankensteuerung ist. D. h., die Induktionsschleife kann vor, unter oder hinter einer Schranke angeordnet sein, um dort Fahrzeuge zu erfassen. Alternativ kann die Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtung auch in andere Systeme, wie beispielsweise Ampelsteuerungen integriert sein. Besonders bevorzugt ist Gegenstand der Erfindung somit auch ein Parkraum-Zugangskontrollsystem, welches eine Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtung gemäß der vorangehenden Beschreibung umfasst.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the detection device, as described above, is integrated in a parking space access control system, the at least one induction loop being part of a gate or barrier control. In other words, the induction loop can be arranged in front of, below or behind a barrier in order to detect vehicles there. Alternatively, the vehicle detection device can also be integrated into other systems, such as traffic light controls. The invention thus also particularly preferably relates to a parking space access control system which comprises a vehicle detection device according to the preceding description.
Die Überwachungseinrichtung kann weiter bevorzugt in die Tor- oder Schrankensteuerung des Parkraum-Zugangskontrollsystemes integriert sein. Die Tor- oder Schrankensteuerung veranlasst das Öffnen und Schließen von Schranken oder Toren, welche den Parkraum begrenzen. Dazu gehört bevorzugt auch die Zugangskontrolle und Bezahlabwicklung. Die Schrankensteuerung kann dabei lokal direkt an der Schranke angeordnet sein, ist jedoch weiter bevorzugt entfernt von der Schranke zentral angeordnet. So kann eine zentrale Tor- oder Schrankensteuerung für ein ganzes Parkraum-Objekt, d. h. ein Parkhaus oder einen Parkplatz vorgesehen sein. Weiter bevorzugt ist es auch möglich, eine zentrale Schrankensteuerung bzw. Steuereinrichtung vorzusehen, welche die Schranken und Tore von mehreren Parkhäusern steuert. Die Schranken und Tore können dazu in bekannter Weise über ein geeignetes Datennetzwerk, insbesondere das Internet, mit der Steuereinrichtung, d. h. der Tor- oder Schrankensteuerung, verbunden sein.The monitoring device can further preferably be integrated in the gate or barrier control of the parking space access control system his. The gate or barrier control initiates the opening and closing of barriers or gates that limit the parking space. This preferably includes access control and payment processing. The barrier control can be arranged locally directly on the barrier, but is further preferably arranged centrally from the barrier. For example, a central gate or barrier control can be provided for an entire parking space object, ie a parking garage or a parking space. With further preference it is also possible to provide a central barrier control or control device which controls the barriers and gates of several parking garages. For this purpose, the barriers and gates can be connected in a known manner to the control device, ie the gate or barrier controller, via a suitable data network, in particular the Internet.
Neben der vorangehend beschriebenen Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtung ist Gegenstand der Erfindung auch ein Verfahren zum Überwachen einer in eine Fahrbahn integrierten Induktionsschleife. Gemäß diesem Verfahren werden auftretende Verstimmungen der Resonanzfrequenz der Induktionsschleife bzw. der Resonanzfrequenz eines Schwingkreises, dessen Teil die Induktionsschleife ist, zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten erfasst und miteinander verglichen. Bevorzugt erfolgt eine kontinuierliche Erfassung mit Mittelwertbildung, wobei Mittelwerte zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten miteinander verglichen werden können. Bezüglich einzelner Details des Verfahrens wird auf die vorangehende Beschreibung der Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtung verwiesen. Die dort beschriebenen Verfahrensabläufe sind ebenfalls bevorzugt Gegenstand des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Das Verfahren eignet sich zweckmäßigerweise zur Verwendung mit einer solchen Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtung.In addition to the vehicle detection device described above, the invention also relates to a method for monitoring an induction loop integrated in a roadway. According to this method, any detuning of the resonance frequency of the induction loop or the resonance frequency of a resonant circuit, the part of which is the induction loop, is detected at different times and compared with one another. A continuous acquisition with averaging is preferably carried out, it being possible to compare averages at different times. With regard to individual details of the method, reference is made to the preceding description of the vehicle detection device. The process sequences described there are also preferably the subject of the method according to the invention. The method is expediently suitable for use with such a vehicle detection device.
Bevorzugt werden bei dem Verfahren die Ausschläge bzw. Amplituden eines die Verstimmung der Resonanzfrequenz repräsentierenden Verstimmungssignals über einen Zeitraum erfasst und miteinander verglichen. Dies kann ein vorbestimmter Zeitraum sein. Bevorzugt erfolgt eine kontinuierliche Erfassung der Ausschläge bzw. Amplituden, wobei gegebenenfalls über einzelne Zeiträume oder kontinuierlich Mittelwerte gebildet werden können, welche dann wiederum zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten miteinander verglichen werden können.In the method, the deflections or amplitudes of a detuning of the resonance frequency are preferred Detection signal recorded over a period of time and compared with each other. This can be a predetermined period of time. The deflections or amplitudes are preferably recorded continuously, it being possible, if appropriate, to form mean values over individual time periods or continuously, which in turn can then be compared with one another at different times.
Aus einer Verringerung des Betrages der Ausschläge bzw. der Amplituden über einen Zeitraum kann auf eine Verschlechterung der Funktion der Induktionsschleife geschlossen werden und ein Hinweissignal erzeugt werden, welches darauf hinweist, dass diese Induktionsschleife gewartet oder repariert werden muss. Auch die Verringerung des Betrages der Ausschläge kann unter Betrachtung von gebildeten Mittelwerten detektiert werden.From a reduction in the amount of the deflections or the amplitudes over a period of time, a deterioration in the function of the induction loop can be inferred and a warning signal can be generated which indicates that this induction loop has to be serviced or repaired. The reduction in the amount of the deflections can also be detected by taking average values formed.
Besonders bevorzugt wird ein Hinweissignal erzeugt, wenn der Betrag der Ausschläge bzw. Amplituden des Verstimmungssignals eine vorbestimmte Untergrenze unterschreitet. Wenn die Verstimmung nicht mehr ausreichend groß ist, kann ein Fahrzeug nicht mehr zuverlässig detektiert werden. Ein entsprechend bei Erreichen der vorbestimmten Untergrenze erzeugtes Hinweissignal kann so rechtzeitig darauf hinweisen, dass die jeweilige Induktionsschleife gewartet oder repariert werden muss.A notification signal is particularly preferably generated when the magnitude of the deflections or amplitudes of the detuning signal falls below a predetermined lower limit. If the detuning is no longer large enough, a vehicle can no longer be reliably detected. A warning signal correspondingly generated when the predetermined lower limit is reached can thus indicate in good time that the respective induction loop must be serviced or repaired.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung beispielhaft anhand der beigefügten Figuren beschrieben. In diesen zeigt:
- Fig. 1:
- Schematisch ein Parkraum-Zugangskontrollsystem mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtung,
- Fig. 2:
- Schematisch den Signalverlauf einer Induktionsschleife,
- Fig. 3:
- Schematisch ein Verstimmungssignal einer Induktionsschleife und
- Fig. 4:
- Schematisch den Signalverlauf einer Induktionsschleife beim Überfahren durch zwei direkt aufeinander folgende Fahrzeuge.
- Fig. 1:
- Schematically, a parking space access control system with a vehicle detection device according to the invention,
- Fig. 2:
- Schematically the waveform of an induction loop,
- Fig. 3:
- Schematically a detuning signal from an induction loop and
- Fig. 4:
- Schematic of the signal curve of an induction loop when passing through two vehicles in direct succession.
Die erfindungsgemäße Fahrzeug-Detektionseinrichtung kann insbesondere in ein Parkraum-Überwachungssystem, wie es beispielsweise für Parkhäuser oder Parkplätze verwendet wird, zur Anwendung kommen. In dem gezeigten Beispiel dient die Fahrzeug-Detektionsvorrichtung dazu, zu erkennen, ob ein Fahrzeug vor einer Schranke steht.The vehicle detection device according to the invention can be used in particular in a parking space monitoring system, such as is used for parking garages or parking lots, for example. In the example shown, the vehicle detection device serves to recognize whether a vehicle is in front of a barrier.
In dem in
In dem Beispiel ist ferner an jeder Schranke 2 ein Bedienterminal 8 gezeigt, welches beispielsweise der Ausgabe oder Aufnahme von Parktickets dient. Ferner ist in dem Beispiel in
Das System weist darüber hinaus eine zentrale Steuereinrichtung 12 auf, welche eine Schrankensteuerung bildet und eine Vielzahl von Schranken 2 in der nachfolgend beschriebenen Weise steuert. Dabei ist zu verstehen, dass die zentrale Steuereinrichtung 12 nicht nur ein einziges Parkhaus bzw. einen einzigen Parkplatz mit dessen Komponenten steuern kann, sondern eine Vielzahl von verschiedenen Parkhäusern und Parkplätzen bzw. die dort vorhandenen Elemente wie Schranken 2 steuern kann.The system also has a
Dazu ist die Steuereinrichtung 12 über das Internet 14 mit allen zu steuernden Komponenten, d. h. insbesondere den Schranken 2, den Bedienterminals 8 und/oder den Bezahlterminals 10 verbunden. Zusätzlich zu den Schranken 2 sind auch die Schleifendetektoren 6 über das Internet 14 mit der Steuereinrichtung 12 verbunden. Die Steuereinrichtung 12 überträgt über das Internet 14 Steuerbefehle an die einzelnen Schranken 2, um diese zu öffnen und gegebenenfalls zu schließen. Die Steuereinrichtung 12 empfängt Daten von den Bedienterminals 8 und sendet Daten an die Bedienterminals 8, beispielsweise bei der Ausgabe und beim Einlesen von Parkscheinen. Entsprechend kommuniziert sie über das Internet 14 auch mit den Bezahlterminals 10, um Bezahlvorgänge abzuwickeln.For this purpose, the
In bekannten Systemen geben die Schleifendetektoren 6, wenn ein Fahrzeug die Induktionsschleife 4 überfährt und zu einer Verstimmung der Resonanzfrequenz führt, ein digitales Schaltsignal aus und übertragen dies an die zentrale Steuereinrichtung 12. Dabei wird ein digitales Schaltsignal ausgegeben, wenn ein vorgegebener Grenzwert für die Verstimmung überschritten wird.In known systems, when a vehicle drives over the induction loop 4 and detunes the resonance frequency, the loop detectors 6 output a digital switching signal and transmit this to the
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen System ist in die zentrale Steuereinrichtung 12, welche von einem Serversystem gebildet sein kann, eine Überwachungseinrichtung 16 integriert, welche die Funktion der Induktionsschleifen 4 überwacht. Die Überwachungseinrichtung 16 kann als Modul, insbesondere als Softwaremodul, in die Steuereinrichtung 12 integriert sein.In the system according to the invention, a monitoring device 16, which monitors the function of the induction loops 4, is integrated in the
Die Überwachung der Funktion bzw. Qualität der Induktionsschleifen 4 erfolgt in der Weise, dass von den Schleifendetektoren 6 nicht nur lediglich digitale Schaltsignale an die Steuereinrichtung 12 übertragen werden, sondern statt dieser Schaltsignale oder zusätzlich zu diesen Schaltsignalen die erfasste Resonanzfrequenz oder ein Verstimmungssignal übertragen wird, welches die tatsächlich auftretenden Verstimmungen der Resonanzfrequenz repräsentiert.The function or quality of the induction loops 4 is monitored in such a way that the loop detectors 6 not only transmit digital switching signals to the
In
Erfindungsgemäß ist nun vorgesehen, dass von den Schleifendetektoren 6 nicht nur die digitalen Schaltsignale, sondern auch die Verstimmungssignale V oder direkt die erfasste Resonanzfrequenz F an die Überwachungseinrichtung 16 über das Internet 14 übertragen werden. Die Überwachungseinrichtung 16 ist so ausgebildet, dass sie das Verstimmungssignal V für jede einzelne Induktionsschleife 4 in der Weise kontinuierlich überwacht, dass die Beträge der auftretenden Ausschläge miteinander verglichen werden. Erkennt nun die Überwachungseinrichtung 16, dass die Beträge der Ausschläge kleiner werden, d. h. in diesem Beispiel die Ausschläge A3 und A4 schwächer als die vorangehenden Ausschläge A1 und A2 sind und der Ausschlag A5 noch einmal schwächer ist, kann die Überwachungseinrichtung 16 ein Hinweissignal erzeugen, welches darauf hinweist, dass die Induktionsschleife 4 nicht mehr ordnungsgemäß arbeitet und gewartet bzw. repariert werden muss. Anstatt die Ausgabe des Hinweissignals allein von dem Vergleich der auftretenden Verstimmungssignale bzw. Ausschläge A des Verstimmungssignals V abhängig zu machen, kann auch hierfür ein Grenzwert G bzw. eine Untergrenze U vorgesehen werden, bei deren Unterschreiten ein solches Hinweissignal erzeugt wird. In dem in
Bei den Beispielen gemäß
Die direkte Überwachung der Resonanzfrequenz bzw. des Verstimmungssignals V anstatt lediglich eines Schaltsignals hat darüber hinaus den Vorteil, dass eine weitaus genauere Detektion überfahrender Fahrzeuge möglich ist. So können beispielsweise unterschiedliche Fahrzeugtypen unterschieden werden, da unterschiedliche Fahrzeugtypen unterschiedliche Ausschläge A verursachen. So verursachen größere Fahrzeuge größere Verstimmungen als kleinere Fahrzeuge. Diese können so unterschieden werden. Um im Signalverlauf derart unterschiedliche Fahrzeugtypen von einer Verschlechterung der Qualität der jeweiligen Induktionsschleife 4 unterscheiden zu können, ist es hilfreich, zur Überwachung der Qualität der Induktionsschleife 4 über einen größeren Zeitraum gebildete Mittelwerte in Betracht zu ziehen. Eine Veränderung dieser Mittelwerte im Laufe der Zeit hängt nicht von einzelnen unterschiedlichen Fahrzeugtypen ab, sondern lässt auf eine Veränderung der Qualität der Induktionsschleife 4 schließen.The direct monitoring of the resonance frequency or the detuning signal V instead of just a switching signal has the additional advantage that a far more accurate detection of vehicles driving over is possible. For example, different types of vehicles can be distinguished since different types of vehicles cause different deflections A. Larger vehicles cause greater upsets than smaller vehicles. This can be differentiated. In order to be able to distinguish such different vehicle types in the signal course from a deterioration in the quality of the respective induction loop 4, it is helpful to take into account mean values formed over a longer period of time to monitor the quality of the induction loop. A change in these mean values over time does not depend on individual different vehicle types, but rather suggests a change in the quality of the induction loop 4.
Anhand von
Wie vorangehend beschrieben, kann entweder direkt das Signal der Resonanzfrequenz von der Überwachungseinrichtung ausgewertet werden oder ein Verstimmungssignal, welches die Verstimmung repräsentiert. Beides wird im Sinne der Erfindung als äquivalent angesehen. Die Auswertung des Signals in der Überwachungseinrichtung kann entweder rein relativ erfolgen, wobei Veränderungen bzw. Unterschiede der auftretenden Ausschläge bei Verstimmung der Resonanzfrequenz ausgewertet werden, um beispielsweise Störungen der Funktion der Induktionsschleife frühzeitig erkennen zu können oder verschiedene Fahrzeugtypen oder direkt hintereinander fahrende Fahrzeuge zu erfassen. Ferner ist es erfindungsgemäß möglich, die Funktion der Induktionsschleife durch Auswertung der Resonanzfrequenz bzw. eines korrespondierenden Verstimmungssignals in der Weise zu überwachen, dass neben einem Grenzwert, welcher die Erzeugung eines digitalen Schaltsignals veranlasst, ein weiterer Grenzwert eingeführt wird. Dieser weitere Grenzwert bildet eine Untergrenze für die Beträge der auftretenden Verstimmungen. D. h., beim Überfahren der Induktionsschleife 4 durch ein Fahrzeug wird in diesem Fall der Betrag des Ausschlages des Verstimmungssignals mit zwei Grenzwerten verglichen, d. h., einem unteren Grenzwert, welcher das Überfahren der Induktionsschleife 4 durch ein Fahrzeug signalisiert, und einem oberen Grenzwert, welcher zusätzlich überschritten sein muss, um die korrekte Funktion der Induktionsschleife 4 sicherzustellen. Wenn lediglich der das Schaltsignal veranlassende Grenzwert überschritten wird, ist zwar die gewünschte Funktion der Induktionsschleife 4 noch gegeben, es kann jedoch von der Überwachungseinrichtung 16 frühzeitig erkannt werden, dass die Funktion der Induktionsschleife 4 sich verschlechtert, um eine Wartung bzw. einen Austausch vornehmen zu können, bevor die Funktion der Induktionsschleife 4 ausfällt.As described above, either the signal of the resonance frequency can be evaluated directly by the monitoring device or a detuning signal which represents the detuning. Both are considered equivalent in the sense of the invention. The evaluation of the signal in the monitoring device can either be purely relative, changes or differences in the deflections occurring when the resonance frequency is detuned, in order, for example, to be able to detect malfunctions of the function of the induction loop at an early stage or to detect different types of vehicles or vehicles driving directly behind one another. Furthermore, it is possible according to the invention to monitor the function of the induction loop by evaluating the resonance frequency or a corresponding detuning signal in such a way that in addition to a limit value which causes the generation of a digital switching signal, a further limit value is introduced. This further limit value forms a lower limit for the amounts of the upsets that occur. In other words, when a vehicle passes the induction loop 4, the amount of deflection of the detuning signal is compared with two limit values, ie, a lower limit value, which signals the vehicle passing the induction loop 4, and an upper limit value, which must also be exceeded in order to ensure the correct functioning of the induction loop 4. If only the limit value causing the switching signal is exceeded, the desired function of the induction loop 4 is still present, but it can be recognized early on by the monitoring device 16 that the function of the induction loop 4 deteriorates in order to carry out maintenance or replacement can before the function of the induction loop 4 fails.
- 22
- Schrankenlists
- 44
- Induktionsschleifeninduction loops
- 66
- Schlaufendetektorloop detector
- 88th
- Bedienterminaloperating terminal
- 1010
- Bezahlterminalpayment terminal
- 1212
- Steuereinrichtungcontrol device
- 1414
- InternetInternet
- 1616
- Überwachungseinrichtungmonitoring device
- FF
- Resonanzfrequenzresonant frequency
- VV
- Verstimmungssignaldetuning signal
- GG
- Grenzwertlimit
- UU
- Untergrenzelower limit
- tt
- Zeitpunktetimings
- AA
- Amplitudenamplitudes
Claims (11)
- A vehicle detection appliance with at least one induction loop (4) which is installed into a road and whose resonance frequency is detuned when run over by a vehicle, wherein the induction loop (4) is connected to a monitoring device (16) which serves for monitoring the correct manner of functioning of the induction loop (4), wherein the monitoring device (16) is designed in a manner such that it detects the resonance frequency (F) of the induction loop (4), characterised in that the monitoring device (16) is further designed in a manner such that it evaluates a detuning signal (V) which represents a detuning of the resonance frequency (F), in a manner such that it compares values (A) of this detuning signal (V) at different points in time (t) with one another by way of it detecting swings (A) of the detuning signal (V) over a time period and given a reduction of the magnitude of the swings (A) over this time period it detects a worsening of the function of the induction loop and generates a hint signal.
- A vehicle detection appliance according to claim 1, characterised in that the induction loop (4) is connected to an evaluation device (6), wherein the evaluation device (6) is designed in a manner such that it detects the detuning (V) of the resonance frequency (F) of the induction loop (4) and outputs a digital switching signal on exceeding a predefined detuning limit value (G).
- A vehicle detection appliance according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the monitoring device (16) is designed in a manner such that it recognises vehicles which run over the induction loop (4) on the basis of swings (A) of the detuning signal (V) in comparison to a further signal course of the detuning signal (V).
- A vehicle detection appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the monitoring device (16) is designed in a manner such that it detects the swings (A) of the detuning signal (V) and generates a hint signal when the magnitude of the swings (A) of the detuning signal (V) falls short of a predefined lower limit (U).
- A vehicle detection appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the monitoring device (16) is arranged remotely from the induction loop (4) and the detuning signal (V) is transmitted to the monitoring device (16) via a data network (14), in particular via the internet.
- A vehicle detection appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that several induction loops (4) are connected to a common monitoring device (16) which evaluates the detuning signals (V) of the several induction loops (4) independently of one another.
- A vehicle detection appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the detection appliance is integrated into a parking space access control system, wherein the at least one induction loop (4) is a constituent of a door control or barrier control (12).
- A vehicle detection appliance according to claim 7, characterised in that the monitoring device (16) is integrated into the door control or barrier control (12).
- A vehicle detection appliance according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the door control or barrier control (12) is arranged remotely from at least one door to be controlled or a barrier (2) to be controlled, and for the control is connected to this via a data network (14), in particular via the internet.
- A method for monitoring an induction loop which is integrated into a road, concerning which occurring detunings (V) of the resonance frequency (F) of the induction loop (4) are detected at different points in time (t) and are compared to one another, by way of the swings of a detuning signal (V) representing the detuning of the resonance frequency (F) being detected over a time period and being compared to one another and concerning which a worsening of the function of the induction loop (4) is deduced from a reduction of the magnitude of the swings (A) over a time period and a hint signal is generated
- A method according to claim 10, concerning which a hint signal is generated when the magnitude of the swings (A) of the detuning signal (V) falls short of a predefined lower limit (U).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102015204674.5A DE102015204674B4 (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2015-03-16 | Vehicle detection device |
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EP3073463A1 EP3073463A1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
EP3073463B1 true EP3073463B1 (en) | 2020-01-01 |
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EP16160417.8A Active EP3073463B1 (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2016-03-15 | Vehicle detection apparatus |
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DE (1) | DE102015204674B4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106409006A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-02-15 | 南威软件股份有限公司 | Could data-based parking lot networked management system |
CN106846887A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-06-13 | 中山市易达号信息技术有限公司 | A kind of intelligent car position lock control system |
CN109887330B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2021-10-08 | 南京维智感网络科技有限公司 | Ground induction coil vehicle detection method for outdoor parking space state management |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3675195A (en) * | 1968-11-29 | 1972-07-04 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co | Apparatus for detecting traffic information |
DE3209377C2 (en) | 1982-03-15 | 1990-08-02 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Method for determining speed in road traffic |
AU650973B2 (en) | 1991-06-17 | 1994-07-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Vehicle detector with environmental adaptation |
DE29722739U1 (en) | 1997-12-23 | 1998-03-12 | Feig electronic GmbH, 35781 Weilburg | Security detector |
JP3388179B2 (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 2003-03-17 | 株式会社ケンウッド | Vehicle detection device |
DE102011014855A1 (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-09-27 | Thales Defence & Security Systems GmbH | Method and device for detecting and classifying moving vehicles |
-
2015
- 2015-03-16 DE DE102015204674.5A patent/DE102015204674B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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DE102015204674B4 (en) | 2018-04-19 |
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