EP2862631A1 - Device for machining of bulk dispensed products - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for processing pourable feed material, in particular for comminuting, compacting and briquetting of feed material, with a machine frame (1) formed by longitudinal and transverse walls (2), in which a rolling mill (6) with at least one pair of counter-rotating Rolls (7, 8) is arranged, which are arranged axially parallel next to each other while maintaining a radial roller gap and in the transverse walls (2) are rotatably mounted, wherein the processing of the feed material takes place when passing through the nip. The area lying upstream of the nip serves for feeding the feedstock and the downstream area for discharging the crop. In order to minimize the disturbances due to wear and thermal stress, it is proposed according to the invention that the upstream region of the feed comprises a feed shaft (18) with well longitudinal walls (26) and well front walls (27), the well end walls (27) forming a free space (49) in each case at a clear axial distance to the transverse walls (2) of the machine frame (1) are arranged.

Description

The invention relates to a device for processing pourable feed material according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Such devices are assigned to the field of mechanical processing technology. The basic principle of crop processing results from the interaction of counter-rotating rollers, which form a narrow nip. For its processing, the pourable feed material is subjected to high pressure and shear forces as it passes through the gap. The region lying upstream of the nip thus serves to supply the feedstock to the processing zone, the downstream region of the Gutaustrag from the device after material processing. The feed may be of a variety of nature, ranging from relatively hard materials such as minerals to soft feed in the form of chemicals, food, rubber, plastic, and the like.

Roller mills are generally known having a housing consisting of longitudinal and transverse walls, in which the rollers extend from one transverse wall to the opposite transverse wall, where they are rotatably mounted on the outer sides thereof in bearings. By appropriate design measures is to ensure that as far as possible the entire feed material is supplied to the nip without bypassing the processing zone.

For this purpose, the rollers in the in the DE 197 15 210 A1 disclosed mill with their effective in material processing lateral surfaces while maintaining a sealing gap up to the transverse walls of the housing. The rollers moving in the course of the comminution relative to the transverse walls take along the feed material on their circular path, which causes friction on the fixed transverse walls. The consequences are on the one hand a considerable wear of the inside of the transverse walls and on the other hand a heat input into the transverse walls themselves, since a part of the supplied drive energy is converted into frictional heat. This excess heat energy is undesirable, especially in the area of the bearings of the rollers, so that, if necessary, additional measures for their cooling must be taken, which, however, makes the machine design more expensive.

Against this background, the invention has the object to improve known devices in terms of their wear and thermal stress.

This object is achieved by a device having the features of patent claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments will be apparent from the dependent claims.

The basic idea of the invention is to shift the connection area of the rotating rollers to stationary machine parts axially inwards in the direction of the center of the housing. This is achieved according to the invention by a Zuführschachtschacht whose limitation in the axial direction does not take place through the transverse walls of the machine housing, but by providing well front walls, which are offset axially to create a free space. The shaft end walls are thus arranged at a clear axial distance from the transverse walls.

Due to the free space between the housing transverse wall and the shaft end wall, the thermal problems described above are initially eliminated. The free space is a thermal insulation for the transverse wall, the thermal load is consequently lower. Temperature-related problems therefore occur in a device according to the invention to a much lesser extent. In an advantageous development of this idea, the free space for cooling the device can be flowed through by cooling air which is supplied, for example, through openings in the housing, in particular in the transverse wall. With a flow through the free space from top to bottom, the cooling air also supports the flow of material. Due to the reduced thermal stress, it is possible to arrange the bearings for the rollers without risk of thermal overload on the transverse walls of the device, which not only greatly simplifies the construction, but also makes it more compact.

In addition, material which passes through the connecting gaps between the shaft end walls and rollers, directly and without further precautions still supplied within the housing the rest of the material flow. To support this, the free space is closed in an advantageous development of the invention to the sides and upwards.

Although the invention also includes embodiments in which the shaft end walls overlap radially with the end faces of the rollers to form a sealing gap and connect in this way to the rollers, with the advantage that the length of the rollers as short as possible and thus the device can be made very compact , Preferably, however, the shaft end walls in the radial direction obtuse adhering to a sealing gap on the lateral surface of the rollers, that is, that the rollers extend below the shaft end walls. This opens up the possibility of arranging the roll ends in the area free of feed material, so that this area is not exposed to the action of the feed material during material processing. In particular, in embodiments with rollers, the shell segments are attached only in the end of the rollers, this fact is particularly effective for carrying, since the fasteners remain intact in the protected area and therefore can be solved easily when changing the shell segments.

The invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings, without being limited thereto. In addition, further features and advantages of the invention from the embodiment.

Figur 1

einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung entlang der in den Figur 2 und 3 dargestellten Linie I - I,

Figur 2

einen Querschnitt durch die in Figur 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung entlang der dortigen Linie II - II,

Figur 3

einen Querschnitt durch die in Figur 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung entlang der dortigen Linie III - III,

Figur 4

eine Ansicht der in Figur 1 dargestellten Vorrichtung entlang der dortigen Linie IV - IV,

Figur 5

ein Detail des in Figur 2 dargestellten Walzenmantels, und

Figur 6

ein Detail des in Figur 3 dargestellten Walzenmantels.

It shows

FIG. 1

a longitudinal section through an inventive device along in the FIG. 2 and 3 illustrated line I - I,

FIG. 2

a cross section through the in FIG. 1 shown device along the local line II - II,

FIG. 3

a cross section through the in FIG. 1 shown device along the local line III - III,

FIG. 4

a view of in FIG. 1 illustrated device along the local line IV - IV,

FIG. 5

a detail of in FIG. 2 illustrated roll shell, and

FIG. 6

a detail of in FIG. 3 illustrated roll shell.

The FIGS. 1 to 4 show the structural design of a device according to the invention. It can be seen a machine base frame 1, which is formed essentially by plane-parallel opposite transverse walls 2, the laterally spaced upper longitudinal beams 3 and with respect to these outwardly offset, lower Longitudinal members 4 are interconnected. To form a housing, the longitudinal sides of the machine base frame 1 are covered with side panels 5 which adjoin the upper and lower longitudinal beams 3, 4. The side panels 5 are removable, so that the accessibility to the housing interior on each longitudinal side of the device between the upper longitudinal spar 3 and lower longitudinal spar 4 is given.

The machine base frame 1 serves to receive a rolling mill 6, which is formed in the present embodiment by a pair of rollers with axially parallel juxtaposed, counter-rotating rollers 7 and 8, whose axes of rotation are designated by the reference numerals 9 and 10. By maintaining a clear radial distance between the two rollers 7, 8 results in a processing zone forming nip. For rotatably supporting the rollers 7, 8, these are guided with their stub shafts 11 through openings in the transverse walls 2, where they are held outside of the housing in bearings, which will be explained in more detail in detail.

In particular from the Figures 2 and 3 and 5 and 6, the closer structure of the rollers 7 and 8 is apparent. Accordingly, the rollers 7, 8 each have a solid roller base body 12, which corresponds in cross-section to an equilateral hexagon, wherein each side of the hexagon forms a flat bearing surface 13 in the axial direction.

The effective for material processing lateral surface 14 of the rollers 7 and 8 is formed by a number of segments 15, which are mounted in an axially parallel position side by side on the roller body 12. In each case, a segment 15 lies with its underside 16 on in each case one bearing surface 13 of the roller base body 12. The top 17 of a segment 15 may be provided with a profiling. In the circumferential direction form adjacent segments 15 with their axially extending longitudinal edges butt joints 19, resulting in a closed over the circumference and length of a roller 7, 8 lateral surface 14 results.

In the axial direction, the rollers 7, 8 are subdivided into a central portion 20, which forms the effective lateral surface 14 and is provided with a profiling, and two short end portions 21, which serve to attach the segments 15 to the roll ends. A cross section in the region of the end portions 21 shows FIG. 3 , from which it is apparent that each segment 15 is stretched on the bearing surface 13 of the roller base body 12 only in the region of the end sections 21 by means of screws 22 arranged in pairs. The screw heads are countersunk in stepped holes in the segment 15 arranged.

An alternative embodiment for this purpose consists of a clamping ring, which is made with undersize relative to the circumference of the end portion 21 and is pressed axially onto the end portion 21. The width of the clamping ring corresponds to a maximum of the axial length of the respective end portion 21. Optionally, the clamping ring may have a circumferential plate flange, which acts as a stop when pressing and limits the Aufpresstiefe.

To produce a force-transmitting positive connection in the contact joint between segments 15 and roller base body 12 15 form-fitting means are arranged both in the bearing surfaces 13 and lower sides 16 of the segments. In the present exemplary embodiment, the interlocking means consist of an axially extending fitting groove 23 in the bearing surface 13 and a matching groove 24 in the underside 16 of the segments 15. In the channel-shaped cavity formed by the fitting grooves 23 and 24, a fitting strip 25 is inserted in a form-fitting manner on the one hand causes a centering of the segments 15 on the bearing surface 13 and on the other hand represents a force-transmitting toothing between segments 15 and roller body 12.

The region of the device located upstream of the rolling mill 6 serves to supply the feedstock to the rolls 7 and 8 and is formed by a feed chute 18. The feed chute 18 is delimited by two vertical, transversely parallel, plane-parallel chute longitudinal walls 26, which are fastened by their upper edge along an upper longitudinal spar 3, respectively. With its lower edge, the shaft longitudinal walls 26 end approximately at the upper vertex of the rollers 7 and 8, which allows a high degree of filling of the feed chute 18, without any feed material being ejected by the rotating rollers 7, 8.

In the longitudinal direction of the feed chute 18 is limited on both sides in each case by a likewise vertically extending shaft end wall 27, which are fastened with their upper edge in each case at one of the upper longitudinal members 3 and extending on the inside of the transverse walls 2 transverse profile 28. This results in a clear axial distance of the shaft end walls 27 of the transverse walls 2, which corresponds in each case to the cross-sectional dimension of the transverse profile 28. The shaft end walls 27 are thus offset from the transverse walls 2 axially inwardly and form in this way a free space 49 which remains free of feed material during material processing. Preferably, the axial width of the free space 49 is at least 2 cm, most preferably at least 3 cm or 5 cm, on the one hand to achieve a sufficient thermal separation of the shaft end walls 27 of the transverse walls 2 and a trouble-free material drainage and on the other hand to realize a compact device as possible. If necessary, cooling air can be introduced into the free space 49 via an opening 54 arranged in each case in the transverse walls 2.

Furthermore, the relative position of the shaft end walls 27 to the rollers 7 and 8 is such that the shaft end walls 27 lie respectively in the solder plane between the central region 20 and the end portions 21 of the rollers 7, 8. The lying in the end portions 21 fasteners for the segments 15 are protected in this way from the harmful effects of Aufgabeguts during material processing.

Since the rollers 7, 8 are longer than the axial distance of the opposing shaft end walls 27, close the lower edges 29 of the two end walls 27 while maintaining a sealing gap butt against the lateral surface 14 of the rollers 7, 8 and in each case follow the contour of the corresponding Roll peripheral portions from the nip to the well longitudinal walls 26. Each edge 29 has in this way two circular concave edge portions. In order to obtain both a closed and for the feed dense and robust as possible and low-deformation feed chute, the shaft end walls 27 and shaft longitudinal walls 26 are connected along the mutually associated edges.

After passing through the nip, the feed material passes into the region of the product discharge 30 which is enclosed by the cladding 5 and transverse walls 2 and opens downwards, via which the processed product is withdrawn from the device.

For rotatable mounting of the rollers 7, 8, the transverse walls 2 are each formed reinforced on its outer side. The reinforcement comprises on each transverse wall 2 above all a horizontal upper flange 31 and a parallel thereto and arranged vertically spaced lower flange 32, between each of which a fixed bearing 33 for supporting the roller 7 and a displaceable in the direction of the fixed bearing 33 floating bearing 34 for supporting the Roller 8 is arranged. The fixed bearing 33 is thus rigidly secured to the outside of the end walls 2, while the floating bearing 34 is supported by slide bearings 35 on the upper flange 31 and lower flange 32 and therefore can be moved in the direction of the fixed bearing 33, so that the roller 7, the hard roller and the Roller 8 forms the Loswalze.

Both fixed bearing 33 and floating bearing 34 are formed as rolling bearings in which the rollers 7, 8 are rotatably supported with their stub shafts 11. In each case one of the two stub shafts 11 of a roller 7, 8 is extended and coupled to rotate the rollers 7 and 8 with a rotary drive, not shown.

For positioning the Loswalze 8 relative to the fixed roller 7, a clamping device 36 is provided in the lateral region of each transverse wall 2. The tensioning device 36 comprises a support frame with an upper and lower support rod 37, which are arranged in extension of the upper belt 31 and lower belt 32. The straps 31, 32 facing away from the ends of the support rods 37 are fixedly connected to each other via a Jochträger 38. Centered on the inside of the Jochträgers 38 and axially parallel between the support rods 37, a cylinder piston unit 39 is arranged, which is supported centrally with its rigid part on the inside of the Jochträgers 38. The movable piston 40 of the cylinder piston unit 39 connects to a transverse web 41, which in turn carries two parallel to the support rods 37 in the direction of the movable bearing 34 biased spring elements 42 which are supported on the floating bearing 34 and this in the direction of the Press fixed bearing 33. With the clamping device 36, an adjustment of the nip by horizontal displacement of the movable bearing 34 can be made.

The spring elements 42 consist essentially of two hollow cylindrical parts which are inserted axially into one another. A prestressed spring in the interior of the two hollow cylindrical parts is supported by its ends on the two parts and elastically biases the displaceable part in the direction of the floating bearing 34. In this way, the spring elements 42 embody a protective device in the event of foreign bodies in the feedstock, that can not pass the nip due to their size. By the spring elements 42 allow a lateral deflection of the Loswalze 8 against the biasing force on occurrence of a foreign body caused by the spreading force, the nip widens momentarily and the foreign body is eliminated from the crushing zone.

The determination of the nip is carried out by the clamping device 36 in conjunction with adjustable stop means 45, the structure mainly in FIG. 4 is shown. The stop means 45 comprise a first wedge member 48 having a first wedge surface 50 and a second wedge member 46 having a second wedge surface 47. The first wedge member 48 and second wedge member 46 abut each other with their opposing wedge surfaces 50 and 47 forming an inclined sliding surface. The wedge surfaces 50th and 47 opposite sides of the wedge elements 48 and 46 are based on the fixed bearing 33 and the floating bearing 34, wherein the second wedge member 46 is rigidly connected to the movable bearing 34. By contrast, the first wedge element 48 is displaceably mounted on the fixed bearing 33, for which purpose a sliding bearing 44 with lateral guide surfaces is arranged on the fixed bearing 33. In this way, the first wedge element 48 can be moved within the linear guide formed by the slide bearing 44 and along the sliding surface formed by the wedge surfaces 50, 47 relative to the second wedge element 46. This is accompanied by a movement of the roller 8 in the direction indicated by the floating bearing 34 direction.

The relative movement of the first wedge member 48 relative to the second wedge member 46 is generated by means of a feed unit 43, which essentially comprises a threaded spindle 52 whose upper end is rotatably anchored in a pivot bearing 53 on the top flange 31 and the opposite lower end in a threaded bore 51 in the first Wedge element 48 engages. The threaded spindle 52 may be driven manually or by motor and generates by screwing or unscrewing of the first wedge member 48, a movement of the first wedge member 48 relative to the second wedge member 46 and thus a change in distance between the fixed roller 7 and Loswalze. 8

Claims (11)

Apparatus for processing pourable feed material, in particular for comminuting, compacting and briquetting of feed material, comprising a machine frame (1) formed by longitudinal and transverse walls (2), in which a rolling mill (6) is provided with at least one pair of counter-rotating rollers (7, 8) is arranged, which are arranged axially parallel to each other while maintaining a radial roller gap and in the transverse walls (2) are rotatably supported, wherein the processing of the feed material passes through the nip and the upstream of the nip located area of the feed of the feed material and serves downstream region of the Gutaustrag, characterized in that the upstream region of the feed comprises a feed chute (18) with shaft longitudinal walls (26) and shaft end walls (27), wherein the shaft end walls (27) for forming a free space (49) in the axial axial Distance to the transverse walls (2) of the machine frame ens (1) are arranged. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial distance of the opposing shaft end walls (27) is smaller than the axial length of the rollers (7, 8) and the rollers (7, 8) facing edges (29) of the shaft end walls (27 ) in each case in the radial direction to the lateral surface (14) of the rollers (7, 8). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the clear axial distance of the shaft end walls (27) corresponds approximately to the axial length of the rollers (7, 8) and the rollers (7, 8) facing edges of the shaft end walls (27) radially with the Overlap the end faces of the rollers (7, 8) and thereby connect in the axial direction of the rollers (7, 8). Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rollers (7, 8) are divided in the axial direction in a central portion (20) which forms the working surface for material processing (14), and two end portions (21). , which serve for the attachment of shell segments (15), wherein the end portions (21) in each case in the region between the transverse wall (2) and shaft end wall (27) lie. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the clear axial distance at least 2 cm, preferably at least 3 cm or at least 5 cm is. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the free space (49) within the housing (2) opens in the radial direction directly into the Gutaustrag (30). Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the free space (49) is closed to the sides and upwards. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the free space (49) is flowed through from top to bottom. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that connect the shaft longitudinal walls (26) with their rollers (7, 8) zugwandten edges in each case in the region of the roller vertex to the rollers (7, 8). Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the shaft longitudinal walls (26) and shaft end walls (27) are connected at their mutually associated edges. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the bearings (33, 34) for the rollers (7, 8) on the transverse walls (3, 4) are arranged.

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