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EP2661525A1 - Building element - Google Patents

Building element

Info

Publication number
EP2661525A1
EP2661525A1 EP12732144.6A EP12732144A EP2661525A1 EP 2661525 A1 EP2661525 A1 EP 2661525A1 EP 12732144 A EP12732144 A EP 12732144A EP 2661525 A1 EP2661525 A1 EP 2661525A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building
stud
panel
building element
studs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12732144.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2661525A4 (en
EP2661525B1 (en
Inventor
Lennart Nordlund
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nordiskt Material AB
Original Assignee
Nordiskt Material AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nordiskt Material AB filed Critical Nordiskt Material AB
Publication of EP2661525A1 publication Critical patent/EP2661525A1/en
Publication of EP2661525A4 publication Critical patent/EP2661525A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2661525B1 publication Critical patent/EP2661525B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/384—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a metal frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/386—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of unreconstituted or laminated wood

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a building element for apartment buildings and detached houses, comprised of a fully or partially covering building panel made, for example, from a plaster and paper mixture, alternatively of glass fiber, wood fiber or cement- based panels to be fixed to wood/steel studs.
  • the most traditional way of constructing current pre-fabricated building elements is a wooden frame with partially broken thermal bridges and a traditional mineral wool, glass wool or, alternatively, cellulose insulation.
  • the wall thicknesses vary up to passive house structures of 500 mm.
  • the structure is lined with a wind barrier panel/board externally and with a moisture barrier (plastic foil) internally as well as with a cardboard-lined plaster panel. Air leakage levels of 1,5 1/s-m 2 - 0,04 1/s-m 2 are not unusual.
  • the current construction method replaces the organic materials with inorganic material, such as steel and cement-based panels or some other inorganic panel material. All this in order to achieve a maximally moisture and mold resistant building envelope (wall structure) but still with air leakage.
  • the invention is characterized in that the panels are fixed to the studs by gluing and/or screwing/nailing according to a NO building system, whereby the method results in airtight cells throughout the building element.
  • the invention relates to an entirely new logistics, assembly and building system giving the client: a logistic and climate-adapted building envelope where air, diffusion and wind sealing is of great importance for a building in terms of energy con- sumption, moisture security, thermal comfort and hygiene, air quality, sound environment, spread of fire and entry of air pollutants from outside.
  • Airtightness is a critical factor both for the durability of the structure and for a good indoor environment in modern buildings. In the long run, airtight houses are also profitable for the actors involved. In the end, for nature as well. Research shows that the heating energy consumption of a house is reduced by almost 30 % if the airtightness (the air permeability, actually) is improved from 0,8 1/s-m 2 to 0,4 1/s-m 2 .
  • the client obtains an actual air permeability of 0,01/s-m . Such a great decrease in energy consumption is probably not achieved through any other energy improvement measures.
  • the dependent Claims set forth different embodiments of the invention.
  • An airtight wall element consists of NO classified wood/steel studs of 45 x 45, for example (the dimension of the studs may vary depending on the dimension of the air gap/cell), as well as of NO classified organic or inorganic panel material of 6 mm to 13 mm in thickness.
  • the constructor may determine the wall thickness and the number of wall elements needed based on the required wall-structure U value. All of the screw or, alternatively, nail joints are placed along the longitudinal center line on each stud included in the element, the junction between a vertical and a horizontal stud should be provided with a glued joint.
  • Tight double glued joints should be applied between each panel surface and stud surface, whereas screw or, alternatively, nail joints should be placed between the glue lines, using a C/C distance which may vary depending on the substrate, provided that the requirement on air- tightness is met.
  • a stud-stud and panel interspace forms an airtight cell.
  • Airtightness is a critical factor both for the durability of the structure and for a good indoor environment in modern buildings. In the long run, airtight houses are also profitable for the actors involved. In the end, for nature as well. Research shows that the heating energy consumption of a house is reduced by almost 30 % if the airtightness (the air permeability, actual- ly) is improved from 0,8 1/s-m to 0,4 1/s-m . According to this invention, the client obtains an actual air permeability of 0,01/s-m 2 . Such a great decrease in energy consumption is probably not achieved through any other energy improvement meas- ures.
  • Figure 1 shows a wall element including 12 cells. The structure also allows the possibility of filling each airtight cell with a NO classified insulation material.
  • Figure 2 shows a NO building system airtight "Singel" where a simple single element consisting of a stud frame of 45 x 45 c/c 600 m and a simple building panel of 10 mm on both sides can be seen. No thermal bridge break, glued and screw/nail joints made according to NO building systems.
  • FIG. 3 shows a NO building system airtight "Singel + Singel" where two single elements structured as above but, on the contrary, connected in parallel can be seen.
  • a thermal bridge break can be obtained by offsetting one of the building elements by 300 mm, for example, glued and screw/nail joints made according to NO building systems.
  • Figure 4 shows a NO building system airtight Kombi thermal bridge break where the same single elements as in Figure 1 and Figure 2 combined with a one-sided airtight 300 mm offset panel and stud frame can be seen.
  • a clear thermal bridge break can be seen here, glued and screw/nail joints made according to NO building systems.
  • Figure 5 shows an example of a combined single element with a thermal bridge breaking stud "Smart" having an insulation and free dimensions.
  • the different combination possibilities of a single element for creating double airtight cells (air gaps) by means of NO airtight building systems can be seen here.
  • the internal installation space created in order to allow electricians and other installers to work without puncturing the airtightness of the NO building envelope can also be seen here.
  • Glued and screw/nail joints made according to NO building systems. Density 59 kg/m 2 V thickness 225 mm
  • NO building systems create new conditions for achieving a controlled airtightness in apartment buildings and detached houses in a controlled, practically applicable way. Thanks to the construction principle "Singel" element, multi-layered panel structures open the possibility of a quality-guaranteed production and a quality- guaranteed assembly system.
  • NO wall systems can, in regulated forms, be installed in multi-layered "Lego" systems with an overlap fit in order to achieve a quality-guaranteed airtightness in the building envelope.
  • NO building systems refer to a new building system resulting in a building element with a higher pre-fabrication level for apartment buildings and detached houses.
  • NO wall systems are intended to be pre-fabricated in a factory environment under strict control and thorough quality assurance. Due to the element structure containing in- trastructural massive panel material, through holes can be made in the panel material using methods available on the market.
  • NO building systems can, thanks to their shear stability and light structure, be trans- ported and handled with a moderate truck and crane capacity.
  • the built-in internal stability of the wall system helps it to maintain its dimensional and fitting accuracy.
  • the new inventive product NO wall system can be treated using a "WSJ" treatment method leading to an entirely new technique of installing building structures, such as walls including organic building material.
  • the WSJ method allows the panels and the wooden stud frame to attain a moisture ratio certification with a documented critical moisture ratio (mold resistant).
  • the structure and the wooden studs may attain a moisture ratio certification >90% as well as a moisture ratio certification and fire protection class B-sl, dO, respectively.
  • "WSJ" treated panels are not necessary in certain definitely dry premises.
  • the invention also allows wall thicknesses above the known standard.
  • the invention is not limited to the above-described example but may vary within the scope of the accompanying Claims.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a building element for apartment buildings and detached houses, comprised of a fully or partially covering building panel (2, 4, 6, 8) made, for example, from a plaster and paper mixture, alternatively of glass fiber, wood fiber or cement-based panels to be fixed to wood/steel studs. The panels (2, 4, 6, 8) are fixed to the studs (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) by gluing (1) and screwing/nailing according to a NO building system, whereby the method results in airtight cells (1 - 12) throughout the building element.

Description

Building element
This invention relates to a building element for apartment buildings and detached houses, comprised of a fully or partially covering building panel made, for example, from a plaster and paper mixture, alternatively of glass fiber, wood fiber or cement- based panels to be fixed to wood/steel studs.
The most traditional way of constructing current pre-fabricated building elements (infill walls and small-house elements) is a wooden frame with partially broken thermal bridges and a traditional mineral wool, glass wool or, alternatively, cellulose insulation. The wall thicknesses vary up to passive house structures of 500 mm. Besides, the structure is lined with a wind barrier panel/board externally and with a moisture barrier (plastic foil) internally as well as with a cardboard-lined plaster panel. Air leakage levels of 1,5 1/s-m 2 - 0,04 1/s-m 2 are not unusual. Further, the current construction method replaces the organic materials with inorganic material, such as steel and cement-based panels or some other inorganic panel material. All this in order to achieve a maximally moisture and mold resistant building envelope (wall structure) but still with air leakage.
The invention is characterized in that the panels are fixed to the studs by gluing and/or screwing/nailing according to a NO building system, whereby the method results in airtight cells throughout the building element.
The invention relates to an entirely new logistics, assembly and building system giving the client: a logistic and climate-adapted building envelope where air, diffusion and wind sealing is of great importance for a building in terms of energy con- sumption, moisture security, thermal comfort and hygiene, air quality, sound environment, spread of fire and entry of air pollutants from outside. Airtightness is a critical factor both for the durability of the structure and for a good indoor environment in modern buildings. In the long run, airtight houses are also profitable for the actors involved. In the end, for nature as well. Research shows that the heating energy consumption of a house is reduced by almost 30 % if the airtightness (the air permeability, actually) is improved from 0,8 1/s-m2 to 0,4 1/s-m2 . According to this invention, the client obtains an actual air permeability of 0,01/s-m . Such a great decrease in energy consumption is probably not achieved through any other energy improvement measures. The dependent Claims set forth different embodiments of the invention.
An airtight wall element consists of NO classified wood/steel studs of 45 x 45, for example (the dimension of the studs may vary depending on the dimension of the air gap/cell), as well as of NO classified organic or inorganic panel material of 6 mm to 13 mm in thickness. The constructor may determine the wall thickness and the number of wall elements needed based on the required wall-structure U value. All of the screw or, alternatively, nail joints are placed along the longitudinal center line on each stud included in the element, the junction between a vertical and a horizontal stud should be provided with a glued joint. Tight double glued joints should be applied between each panel surface and stud surface, whereas screw or, alternatively, nail joints should be placed between the glue lines, using a C/C distance which may vary depending on the substrate, provided that the requirement on air- tightness is met. A stud-stud and panel interspace forms an airtight cell.
The end result is a building envelope where air, diffusion and wind tightness is of great importance for a building in terms of energy consumption, moisture security, thermal comfort and hygiene, air quality, sound environment, spread of fire and entry of air pollutants from outside in a building. Airtightness is a critical factor both for the durability of the structure and for a good indoor environment in modern buildings. In the long run, airtight houses are also profitable for the actors involved. In the end, for nature as well. Research shows that the heating energy consumption of a house is reduced by almost 30 % if the airtightness (the air permeability, actual- ly) is improved from 0,8 1/s-m to 0,4 1/s-m . According to this invention, the client obtains an actual air permeability of 0,01/s-m2. Such a great decrease in energy consumption is probably not achieved through any other energy improvement meas- ures.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying Drawings wherein
Figure 1 shows a wall element including 12 cells. The structure also allows the possibility of filling each airtight cell with a NO classified insulation material. Figure 2 shows a NO building system airtight "Singel" where a simple single element consisting of a stud frame of 45 x 45 c/c 600 m and a simple building panel of 10 mm on both sides can be seen. No thermal bridge break, glued and screw/nail joints made according to NO building systems.
Density 18 kg to 26 kg/m2 V thickness 65 mm Figure 3 shows a NO building system airtight "Singel + Singel" where two single elements structured as above but, on the contrary, connected in parallel can be seen. No thermal bridge break. A thermal bridge break can be obtained by offsetting one of the building elements by 300 mm, for example, glued and screw/nail joints made according to NO building systems.
Density 36 kg to 52 kg/m2 V thickness 130 mm
Figure 4 shows a NO building system airtight Kombi thermal bridge break where the same single elements as in Figure 1 and Figure 2 combined with a one-sided airtight 300 mm offset panel and stud frame can be seen. A clear thermal bridge break can be seen here, glued and screw/nail joints made according to NO building systems.
Density 27 kg to 39 kg/m2 V thickness 120 mm
Figure 5 shows an example of a combined single element with a thermal bridge breaking stud "Smart" having an insulation and free dimensions. The different combination possibilities of a single element for creating double airtight cells (air gaps) by means of NO airtight building systems can be seen here. The internal installation space created in order to allow electricians and other installers to work without puncturing the airtightness of the NO building envelope can also be seen here. Glued and screw/nail joints made according to NO building systems. Density 59 kg/m2 V thickness 225 mm
Installation of elements
NO building systems create new conditions for achieving a controlled airtightness in apartment buildings and detached houses in a controlled, practically applicable way. Thanks to the construction principle "Singel" element, multi-layered panel structures open the possibility of a quality-guaranteed production and a quality- guaranteed assembly system.
NO wall systems can, in regulated forms, be installed in multi-layered "Lego" systems with an overlap fit in order to achieve a quality-guaranteed airtightness in the building envelope. Production
NO building systems refer to a new building system resulting in a building element with a higher pre-fabrication level for apartment buildings and detached houses. NO wall systems are intended to be pre-fabricated in a factory environment under strict control and thorough quality assurance. Due to the element structure containing in- trastructural massive panel material, through holes can be made in the panel material using methods available on the market.
Transportation
NO building systems can, thanks to their shear stability and light structure, be trans- ported and handled with a moderate truck and crane capacity. The built-in internal stability of the wall system helps it to maintain its dimensional and fitting accuracy.
Moisture ratio certification/fire protection
The new inventive product NO wall system can be treated using a "WSJ" treatment method leading to an entirely new technique of installing building structures, such as walls including organic building material. The WSJ method allows the panels and the wooden stud frame to attain a moisture ratio certification with a documented critical moisture ratio (mold resistant). The structure and the wooden studs may attain a moisture ratio certification >90% as well as a moisture ratio certification and fire protection class B-sl, dO, respectively. "WSJ" treated panels are not necessary in certain definitely dry premises.
The invention also allows wall thicknesses above the known standard. The invention is not limited to the above-described example but may vary within the scope of the accompanying Claims.

Claims

Claims
1. A building element for apartment buildings and detached houses, comprised of a fully or partially covering building panel (2, 4, 6, 8) made, for example, from a plaster and paper mixture, alternatively of glass fiber, wood fiber or cement-based panels to be fixed to wood/steel studs, characterized in that the panels (2, 4, 6, 8) are fixed to the studs (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) by gluing (1) and screwing/nailing according to a NO building system, whereby the method results in airtight cells (1 - 12) throughout the building element.
2. A building element as defined in Claim 1, characterized in that airtightness refers to that the cells of the element manage overpressure or underpressure variations of > + - 50 Pa and an airtightness (actual air permeability) of 0,0 1/s'm2.
3. A building element as defined in Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the building panel/panels are attached to each other and to the studs by glue applied both to the stud and to the building panel.
4. A building element as defined in Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that all of the screw/nail joints are placed along the longitudinal center line on each stud included in the element, the junction between a vertical and a horizontal stud is provided with a glued joint.
5. A building element as defined in any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that tight double glued joints are applied between each panel surface and stud surface, whereas screw or, alternatively, nail joints are placed between the glue lines, using a C/C distance which may vary depending on the substrate, provided that the requirement on airtightness is met, whereby a stud-stud and panel interspace forms an airtight cell.
6. A building element as defined in any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the building panel and the wooden frame are treated with a "WSJ-Sanition Ab" anti-mold and anti-flame agent, such as the one with the trademark "Vital Protect".
EP12732144.6A 2011-01-07 2012-01-05 Building element Active EP2661525B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20115021A FI128268B (en) 2011-01-07 2011-01-07 Prefabricated construction unit
PCT/FI2012/050010 WO2012093203A1 (en) 2011-01-07 2012-01-05 Building element

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2661525A1 true EP2661525A1 (en) 2013-11-13
EP2661525A4 EP2661525A4 (en) 2017-01-25
EP2661525B1 EP2661525B1 (en) 2021-04-28

Family

ID=43528512

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12732144.6A Active EP2661525B1 (en) 2011-01-07 2012-01-05 Building element

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2661525B1 (en)
FI (1) FI128268B (en)
WO (1) WO2012093203A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015086886A1 (en) 2013-12-12 2015-06-18 Nordiskt Material Ab Joint system for building elements
PL442048A1 (en) * 2022-08-19 2024-02-26 Palettenwerk Kozik Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością Method for constructing a prefabricated building and a prefabricated building constructed using this method

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2129441A (en) * 1936-01-08 1938-09-06 Karl F Otto Building
GB546684A (en) * 1939-03-15 1942-07-27 Ludwig Bachrich Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of panel units for walls, partitions and the like
US4720948A (en) * 1982-12-30 1988-01-26 Enercept, Inc. Insulated building construction
US4471591A (en) * 1983-08-08 1984-09-18 Jamison Walter E Air impervious split wall structure
US5067296A (en) * 1989-07-10 1991-11-26 Robert T. K. Brown Modular insulated wall panel system
US5297369A (en) * 1993-05-05 1994-03-29 Dickinson Sydney L Building structure with improved soundproofing characteristics
CA2226595C (en) * 1998-01-12 2003-12-02 Emco Limited Composite vapour barrier panel
AU7750398A (en) * 1998-06-17 2000-01-05 Georg Auer Element De Construction De Mur, De Plafond Et De Toit
AT413713B (en) * 2000-09-14 2006-05-15 Jandl Adolf BUILDING
DE10255717A1 (en) * 2002-07-27 2004-02-19 Vinko Miocic Method for wooden construction with improved thermal insulation using modules with inner and outer with low thermally conducting wooden cross braces
SE531168C2 (en) * 2006-02-17 2009-01-07 Interioer System Ab Prefabricated wall element for indoor installation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2012093203A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2661525A4 (en) 2017-01-25
FI128268B (en) 2020-02-14
FI20115021A (en) 2012-07-08
FI20115021A0 (en) 2011-01-07
EP2661525B1 (en) 2021-04-28
FI20115021L (en) 2012-07-08
WO2012093203A1 (en) 2012-07-12

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