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EP2489024B1 - System and method for monitoring a delimited and predetermined zone with an acoustic sensor. - Google Patents

System and method for monitoring a delimited and predetermined zone with an acoustic sensor. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2489024B1
EP2489024B1 EP10778690.7A EP10778690A EP2489024B1 EP 2489024 B1 EP2489024 B1 EP 2489024B1 EP 10778690 A EP10778690 A EP 10778690A EP 2489024 B1 EP2489024 B1 EP 2489024B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
activity
alarm
monitoring
level
predetermined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10778690.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2489024A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Nikolovski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Publication of EP2489024A1 publication Critical patent/EP2489024A1/en
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Publication of EP2489024B1 publication Critical patent/EP2489024B1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/04—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/16—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid
    • G08B13/1654—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems
    • G08B13/1672—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems using sonic detecting means, e.g. a microphone operating in the audio frequency range
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/04—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons
    • G08B21/0407—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons based on behaviour analysis
    • G08B21/043—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons based on behaviour analysis detecting an emergency event, e.g. a fall
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/001—Alarm cancelling procedures or alarm forwarding decisions, e.g. based on absence of alarm confirmation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an installation, a method and an associated computer program for monitoring a defined and predetermined surveillance zone.
  • the invention applies more particularly to the monitoring of at least one human activity in the surveillance zone.
  • a known solution in the state of the art is to provide the person with a portable device, for example a collar, comprising a button or a mechanism for calling for help, the actuation triggers the sending of an alarm to the outside, in particular to a monitoring center or to an identified third party.
  • a portable device for example a collar
  • the actuation triggers the sending of an alarm to the outside, in particular to a monitoring center or to an identified third party.
  • This solution requires action by the supervised person, which is not always possible, especially in certain situations of great distress.
  • the acoustic sensor is a microphone sensor disposed for example near the bed of the person being monitored.
  • the processing device is simply designed to convert the information signal to a sound signal reproducing with a speaker the sound signal at the origin of the acoustic wave captured. It is for example worn by a supervisor of the person located in the surveillance zone. Sound reproduction of any activity in the surveillance zone allows the supervisor to analyze what is happening. A return lane may also allow him to reassure the supervised person in real time.
  • the document EP 1 872 818 A1 discloses a monitoring facility of a defined and predetermined surveillance zone according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • an installation according to the invention provides real assistance to the supervisor in helping him in his diagnosis of the situation and acting itself on an alarm system.
  • it may even be envisaged to dispense with a supervisor.
  • the monitoring installation comprises, in the surveillance zone, at least one acoustic sensor of seismic waves propagating in a solid medium.
  • the monitoring installation of the invention is very effective in detecting a fall of a person in the surveillance zone.
  • this solid medium may comprise the floor of the surveillance zone, any information signal supplied by the acoustic seismic wave sensor is then attributable to a truly localized activity in the surveillance zone.
  • seismic waves have the advantage of respecting the privacy of the person being monitored: they do not disclose the content of a conversation but are rather characteristic of footsteps, falls, vibrations, etc.
  • information contained in a seismic signal is not "sensitive” but “vital”.
  • the solid medium in which it propagates fulfills in a way a natural filter function that selects the right "vital" information to be analyzed by the processing device.
  • acoustic sensor of seismic waves is ultrasensitive or if it is of "bi-medium” type, acoustic signals can also be sensed, but for example only to locate and verify the membership to the zone of surveillance, not to recognize words and sounds.
  • the system for transmitting at least one alarm comprises a device, arranged in the surveillance zone, for generating a so-called first level alarm.
  • the monitored person is thus alerted as soon as an abnormal situation is detected by the monitoring installation.
  • a monitoring installation according to the invention may further comprise an acknowledgment device arranged in the monitoring area and activatable by a user for the generation of the acknowledgment signal.
  • the monitored person can react to the generation of the first level alarm by disabling it if it is a false alarm. If it does not react, the abnormal situation is confirmed and this triggers the second-level alarm issued outside the surveillance zone, for example to the attention of a monitoring center or an identified third party. .
  • the analysis system is designed to, if an acknowledgment signal is received within the predetermined time period following the generation of the first level alarm, update the characteristics. reference of a predetermined reference activity of the database.
  • the system thus refines its database to limit, by learning, the probability of generating first level alarms without good reason.
  • the installation thus detects abnormal situations, not only when certain abnormal activities by nature are detected (falls, screams, etc.), but also according to the occurrences, too much or not enough repeated, activities a priori normal.
  • the database includes, for each of a plurality of predetermined reference activities, reference characteristics relating to this predetermined reference activity.
  • the subject of the invention is also a method for monitoring a defined and predetermined surveillance zone according to claim 5.
  • the invention also relates to a computer program downloadable from a communication network and / or recorded on a computer readable medium and / or executable by a processor according to claim 6.
  • the surveillance zone is taken for the sake of simplification of the illustrations as being a part 10 of an apartment 12, defined in particular by walls 10A and soil 10B.
  • One person 13 lives in apartment 12. This is for example an elderly or sick person, who is therefore vulnerable and requires regular monitoring. In relation to his movements and his actions, the person 13 carries out various activities in the apartment 12. Each occurrence of an activity is capable of generating an acoustic wave in the air and / or in solid media, in particular the floor 10B and the walls 10A.
  • the acoustic waves are generated either directly by the person 13 (vocal activity, movement in the room 10, voluntary or involuntary blow on the ground 10B and / or the walls 10A, etc.), or indirectly by the use of equipment ( moving chairs, use of household appliances, etc.).
  • the apartment 12 is equipped with a monitoring facility 14 for taking advantage of these acoustic waves to detect an emergency situation in the room 10, or more generally a situation requiring intervention.
  • the monitoring installation 14 comprises a plurality of acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22, 26 and 30.
  • Each acoustic sensor 16, 18, 20, 22, 26 or 30 is arranged in the room 10 and designed to convert, in an information signal, a sensed acoustic wave resulting from an occurrence of an activity in the piece 10, said activity detected. Note that to generalize the surveillance to the entire housing 12, it would be enough to place acoustic sensors in all its rooms.
  • the monitoring installation 14 comprises acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20 and 22 of seismic waves.
  • seismic waves is meant waves propagating in a solid medium.
  • the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20 and 22 of seismic waves are fixed to the ground 10B of the part 10, at fixed and known positions (for example arranged in a triangle, rhombus or rectangle as is the case in the illustrated example), and acoustically coupled to the ground 10B.
  • the solid medium constituted by the ground 10B is an integral part of the surveillance zone formed by the part 10.
  • the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20 and 22 are designed to detect the seismic waves propagating in the thickness of the ground 10B and / or on its surface.
  • acoustic sensors of seismic waves could also be fixed on the walls 10A.
  • the size of the surveillance zone is defined, on the one hand, by the size of the acoustic sensors and their range and, on the other hand, by their configuration. This size can reach several hundred square meters, whether on the ground or in a dwelling.
  • the monitoring installation further comprises an acoustic sensor 26 of air waves (but several could be provided).
  • air waves means waves propagating in the air of the room 10.
  • the acoustic sensor 26 of air waves is attached to one of the walls 10A of the room 10, but it is coupled acoustically to the air from the room 10, so as to fulfill a microphonic function.
  • Each of the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22 and 26 of seismic and aerial waves has a fundamental resonant frequency of between 1 and 10 kHz for use in an apartment, for example 7 kHz.
  • the monitoring installation 14 further comprises a portable device, for example a set of shoes 28 worn by the person 13, such as a bracelet.
  • This set 28 also comprises a seismic wave acoustic sensor 30 designed to detect the acoustic waves propagating in the body of the person 13, in particular the acoustic waves resulting from the cardiac activity, breathing or sounds emitted by the body. person 13.
  • This sensor is shown on the figure 2 .
  • the monitoring installation 14 further comprises a processing device 32 designed to receive each information signal of the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30 previously described.
  • the treatment device 32 is integrated in a housing fixed on one of the walls 10A of the apartment 12.
  • the monitoring installation 14 further comprises a system 34 for transmitting, to the processing device 32, information signals of the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30.
  • the system transmission 34 comprises wire links 36 connecting the acoustic sensors of seismic waves 16, 18, 20, 22 and aerials 26 to the processing device 32.
  • the adornment 28 and the processing device 32 are respectively provided with communication device wireless 38, 40 to be able to communicate with each other.
  • the transmission system 34 also comprises these wireless communication devices 38 and 40.
  • the wireless communication devices are for example radio wave devices, such as Bluetooth, Zigbee or Wifi devices.
  • the transmission system 34 could comprise wireless communication devices, similar to the devices 38 and 40, for transmitting the information signals from the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22, 26 to the processing device 32.
  • the installation 14 further comprises a system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm.
  • the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm comprises a device 44, fixedly arranged in the part 10, for generating a so-called first level visual alarm.
  • the first-level visual alarm is intended to be seen by the person 13, when the latter is in the room 10.
  • the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm further comprises a device 46, arranged in a fixed manner in the room 10, generating a sound alarm also said first level.
  • the device 46 is for example a speaker.
  • the first level audible alarm is intended to be heard by the person 13, when the latter is in the room 10.
  • the devices 44 and 46 for generating a first level alarm are for example attached to the processing device 32 .
  • the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm further comprises a mobile device 48 for generating a first level visual alarm, for example an LED type diode, a mobile device 50 of generation a first-level sound alarm, for example a piezoelectric buzzer, and a mobile device 52 for generating a first-level tactile alarm, such as a vibrator for example made using a small engine with off-center weight.
  • the devices 48, 50, 52 are attached to the set 28 to follow the person 15 in his movements.
  • the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm could comprise only one device for generating a first level alarm.
  • the first level alarms are intended to warn the person 13 that an abnormal situation has been detected by the monitoring installation 14 and thus give him the opportunity to invalidate this detection by answering it with a message. acknowledgment, as will be explained later.
  • the monitoring installation 14 may further comprise a remote monitoring center 54, or be part of such a monitoring center 54 when it is intended for example to supervise several monitoring installations.
  • the monitoring center 54 is connected to a data transmission network 58, such as the Internet, and also to a wireless telecommunications network 62, such as the network of a telephone operator.
  • the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm comprises a first device 56 for generating a so-called second level alarm designed to send a second level alert message to the remote monitoring center 54 via the Internet 58.
  • the second-level alarm includes, for example, an email.
  • the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm further comprises a second device 60 for generating another second level alarm for the remote monitoring center 54, via the wireless network 62.
  • level includes for example an SMS or a conventional telephone call.
  • the two devices 56, 60 are integrated in the processing device 32.
  • the monitoring installation 14 also comprises a database 64 comprising, for each of at least one predetermined reference activity, an occurrence of which is likely to generate acoustic waves in the room 10 , reference characteristics relating to this predetermined reference activity.
  • the database 64 groups reference characteristics for a plurality of reference activities.
  • the database 64 is located in the processing device 32.
  • the reference characteristics are intended, on the one hand, to make it possible to distinguish the reference activities from each other and, on the other hand, to determine whether a situation is abnormal in the room 10 from a repetition (or a lack of repetition) of one or more activities that occurred in the room 10, among the predetermined reference activities.
  • the reference characteristics of each reference activity firstly comprise reference characteristics relating to the information signals themselves.
  • these reference characteristics comprise a reference information signal representative of the corresponding reference activity.
  • the database 64 associates the event "not in the room" with a reference information signal of footsteps, for example previously recorded.
  • a specific reference information signal for each acoustic propagation medium for example solid, aerial, etc.
  • each reference activity includes reference characteristics relating to the repetition over time of this reference activity.
  • these reference characteristics comprise a datum representing a time interval considered normal between two occurrences of the reference activity considered, as well as a datum representing a threshold time interval, between two successive occurrences, beyond which the Repetition of the activity is considered abnormal, which may indicate a problem for the person 13.
  • the value "rare” may be associated with a predetermined interval of several days, weeks or months, adapted to the person 13.
  • the value "never” means that the corresponding interval is infinite: if it is associated with a threshold interval, this means that there is no threshold value beyond which the activity considered must be considered abnormal.
  • the reference characteristics relating to the repetition over time of a reference activity may be more complex.
  • these reference characteristics may include a probability law over the expected time interval between two occurrences.
  • the probability law is preferably centered on the normal time interval and decreases on both sides of this normal time interval.
  • a difference between two occurrences of the reference activity is for example considered abnormal when its probability is more than two standard deviations of the normal time interval.
  • the monitoring system 14 comprises an acknowledgment system 66 designed to generate an acknowledgment signal in response to an acknowledgment action by the receiver.
  • the acknowledgment system includes a fixed acknowledging device 68, fixed on the processing device 32, and a mobile acknowledging device 70, carried by the ornament 28.
  • the acknowledgment devices 68, 70 are for example push buttons.
  • the processing device 32 further comprises an analysis system 72.
  • an analysis system 72 In the example illustrated, it is an electronic card with automatic control of gain and signal processing.
  • the analysis system 72 thus comprises a multiplexer 72A for selectively receiving the information signal coming from each acoustic sensor 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30.
  • the analysis system 72 further comprises a broadband amplifier stage 72B, for example from 0 to 100 kHz, with a numerically programmable gain.
  • the analysis system 72 further comprises a filter 72C receiving the amplified information signal and designed to locate, in the room 10, an activity detected by the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22. Preferably, the location is realized by measurement of differential transit time between at least three different acoustic sensors.
  • the filter 72C is furthermore designed, if less than three sensors only detect the acoustic waves resulting from a detected activity in a time interval of less than 20 ms (to allow the detection of noise at 50 Hz), for example 15 ms , to classify the event as a parasitic (non-acoustic) electrical signal.
  • the analysis system 72 further comprises a microcontroller unit (of the English "MicroController Unit” or MCU) 72D receiving the amplified information signals and able to convert them by integrated analog / digital converters.
  • a computer program is loaded in the microcontroller unit 72D to perform the functions detailed below, which are also functions of the analysis system 72.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is thus designed to automatically control the gain of the amplification stage 72A, so that the information signals are amplified up to a self-trigger threshold corresponding to a situation where the signal-to-signal ratio noise is considered too degraded.
  • the sensitivity level of each of the sensors is thus variable in steps, for example over a range of sixteen steps, over time while being maintained at one or two levels below a predetermined number of false trips, for example less 50 false triggers per second.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is further adapted to compare the intensity of each amplified information signal with a predetermined threshold level, indicating, when exceeded, that the corresponding acoustic sensor is picking up acoustic waves resulting from an activity. , said activity detected, in the room 10.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to record the information signal of at least one acoustic sensors having sensed the acoustic waves resulting from detected activity.
  • the information signals are slidably recorded for a maximum of 5 seconds to ensure that the privacy of the person 13 is respected.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is also designed to analyze the recorded information signal (s), based on the reference characteristics of at least one of the reference activities of the database 64. Specifically, the 72D microcontroller unit is designed to consult the reference characteristics relating to reference information signals, in order to determine, from these reference characteristics, a predetermined reference activity of the database 64 corresponding to the activity detected. In the illustrated example, the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to correlate each recorded information signal with the reference information signals, in order to identify the detected activity as corresponding to the most strongly reference activity. correlated.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to activate at least one of the first level alarm generating devices 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, to inform the person 13 that an abnormal situation has been detected by the monitoring installation 14.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is further designed to precisely date the occurrence of the reference activity corresponding to the activity detected and to record this date of occurrence. As indicated above with the definition of reference characteristics relating to the time-repetition of each reference activity, this makes it possible, for example, to detect an abnormal situation on the basis of an abnormal frequency of the detected occurrences of the reference activity considered. .
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is further adapted to estimate at a given instant the time interval that has elapsed between that given instant and the date of the last recorded occurrence of each reference activity.
  • the time interval thus estimated for a given activity is compared with the threshold repetition time interval of this activity. This estimate makes it possible to determine which reference activity (s) have an abnormal repetition.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to make this estimate at regular intervals.
  • this regular interval is shorter while an activity is being detected by the acoustic sensors, for example 1 second instead of 5 seconds when no activity is detected.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is further adapted to activate the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm based on this estimate of the elapsed time since the last occurrence of each reference activity. More specifically, the microcontroller unit 72D is programmed to activate the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm as a function of the reference activities whose repetition is determined to be abnormal, on the basis of a following rule system, for example a law of probability that a situation is abnormal as a function of abnormal repetitions of one or more activities.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to activate at least one of the first level alarm generating devices 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, to inform the person 13 that an abnormal situation has been detected by the monitoring installation 14.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is further adapted to receive an acknowledgment signal from the person 13 and, if no acknowledgment signal is received within a predetermined period of time (eg 1 minute). at the generation of the first level alarm, activate at least one of the second level alarm generating devices 56, 60.
  • a predetermined period of time eg 1 minute
  • the acknowledgment signal is either the signal generated by the acknowledgment system 66, or a specific reference activity (such as hitting in his hands) performed by the person 13 in the room 10 and detected by the monitoring facility 14 as previously described.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to update the reference characteristics of at least one of the reference activities in the database 64.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to update the reference characteristics of reference activities whose repetition has been detected as abnormal and the cause of the alarm. first level.
  • the purpose of this update is to adapt the database 64 to the life cycle of the person 15.
  • the threshold repetition time intervals are initialized to low values, or adjusted following a questionnaire. previously completed with the person subscribing to the monitoring service on his own habits so as to reduce the number of first level alarms generated at the beginning of the service.
  • updating the reference characteristics of a reference activity includes increasing the threshold time interval between two occurrences of this reference activity.
  • the remote monitoring center 54 comprises a display device 74 of a plane of the part 10 (or more generally of the housing of the person 13).
  • the display device 74 is then designed to display, on request, the position on this plane of the last occurrences of the reference activities detected in the room.
  • the display device is further adapted to display a list of the latest occurrences of the reference activities detected in the monitoring area.
  • figure 1 With reference to the figure 3 a method of monitoring implemented by the monitoring facility 14 of the present invention will now be described. figure 1 .
  • the acoustic sensors continuously generate the information signals which are transmitted to the processing device 32 by the transmission means 34.
  • an activity is produced in the room 10, for example the person 13 moves while walking, causing foot impacts on the ground.
  • the activity generates acoustic waves in the room 10 that propagate in the air and / or in the ground.
  • At least one of the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30 picks up an acoustic wave generated by the activity produced and converts it into an information signal.
  • the information signal resulting from the acoustic wave captured is transmitted via the transmission system 34 and is received, during a step 106, by the analysis system 72 .
  • the microcontroller unit 72D compares the intensity of each (amplified) information signal with a predetermined threshold level, and determines which acoustic sensor (s) is picking up. acoustic waves resulting from an activity, said activity detected, in the room 10.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D records the information signal of at least one of the acoustic sensors sensing the acoustic waves resulting from the detected activity.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D analyzes the recorded information signal (s), using the reference characteristics of at least one of the reference activities of the database 64, and determines the reference activity corresponding to the detected activity. In this case, it is a step noise.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D does not activate at this stage the devices for generating a first level alarm.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D dates the occurrence of the reference activity corresponding to the activity detected and records the date of occurrence of this reference activity.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D estimates the time that has elapsed since the date of the last recorded occurrence of each reference activity. From the reference characteristics related to the normal occurrences or limits of the reference activities, the microcontroller unit 72D determines which reference activity (s) has (have) an abnormal repetition.
  • step 116 If during step 116 at least one reference activity is detected as having an abnormal repetition, then in the next step 118, the microcontroller unit 72D activates at least one of the generation devices. a first level alarm 44, 46, 48, 50, 52.
  • the person 13 possibly responds to the first level alarm by returning an acknowledgment signal, either by using the acknowledgment system 66, or by carrying out the reference activity of aforementioned acknowledgment.
  • Step 120 is followed by a step 122, in which the microcontroller unit 72D waits for the acknowledgment signal.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D activates, in the course of a step 124, at least one of the devices for generating a second level alarm 56, 60.
  • the microcontroller unit 72D updates in a step 126 the reference characteristics of at least one of the reference activities in the database 64 (in our example, update of the step noise activity).
  • the invention makes it possible to identify an abnormal situation or to recognize a distress signal coming from persons living alone or isolated in an apartment, a building or more generally a demarcated surveillance zone.
  • the monitoring installation of the invention is very effective for detecting a fall of people in the surveillance zone, by the use of acoustic sensors, and in particular acoustic sensors of seismic waves.
  • the acoustic sensors can be adapted to any physical medium wave propagation seat, be it a solid medium, liquid or gaseous (air).
  • the treatment device 32 is not necessarily disposed in the surveillance zone. It can be remotely deported, including a monitoring center of several surveillance zones.

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Description

La présente invention concerne une installation, un procédé et un programme d'ordinateur associé, pour la surveillance d'une zone de surveillance délimitée et prédéterminée.The present invention relates to an installation, a method and an associated computer program for monitoring a defined and predetermined surveillance zone.

Plus précisément, elle concerne une installation de surveillance comprenant :

  • au moins un capteur acoustique disposé dans la zone de surveillance et conçu pour convertir, en un signal d'information, une onde acoustique captée résultant d'une occurrence d'une activité dans la zone de surveillance,
  • un dispositif de traitement conçu pour recevoir le signal d'information, et
  • un système de transmission du signal d'information au dispositif de traitement.
More specifically, it relates to a monitoring installation comprising:
  • at least one acoustic sensor disposed in the monitoring zone and adapted to convert, in an information signal, a sensed acoustic wave resulting from an occurrence of an activity in the surveillance zone,
  • a processing device adapted to receive the information signal, and
  • a system for transmitting the information signal to the processing device.

L'invention s'applique plus particulièrement à la surveillance d'au moins une activité humaine dans la zone de surveillance.The invention applies more particularly to the monitoring of at least one human activity in the surveillance zone.

Pour assurer la sécurité d'une personne seule en perte d'autonomie dans une zone délimitée et prédéterminée, par exemple une personne âgée et/ou handicapée vivant seule dans son logement, il est important de détecter rapidement un incident, tel qu'une chute, afin qu'une aide extérieure puisse lui être apportée dans les meilleurs délais.To ensure the safety of a single person who is losing their autonomy in a defined and predetermined area, for example an elderly and / or disabled person living alone in their home, it is important to quickly detect an incident, such as a fall. so that outside help can be provided as soon as possible.

Une solution connue dans l'état de la technique consiste à munir la personne d'un dispositif portable, par exemple un collier, comprenant un bouton ou un mécanisme d'appel à l'aide, dont l'actionnement déclenche l'envoi d'une alarme vers l'extérieur, notamment vers un centre de surveillance ou vers une tierce personne identifiée. Cette solution nécessite cependant une action de la personne surveillée, ce qui n'est pas toujours possible, notamment dans certaines situations de grande détresse.A known solution in the state of the art is to provide the person with a portable device, for example a collar, comprising a button or a mechanism for calling for help, the actuation triggers the sending of an alarm to the outside, in particular to a monitoring center or to an identified third party. This solution, however, requires action by the supervised person, which is not always possible, especially in certain situations of great distress.

Une autre solution, plus sécurisante pour la personne surveillée, est décrite dans la demande de brevet internationale publiée sous le numéro WO 01/33528 . Il est question dans ce document d'une installation de surveillance d'une zone de surveillance délimitée et prédéterminée comprenant :

  • un capteur acoustique disposé dans la zone de surveillance et conçu pour convertir, en un signal d'information, une onde acoustique captée résultant d'une occurrence d'une activité dans la zone de surveillance,
  • un dispositif de traitement conçu pour recevoir le signal d'information, et
  • un système de transmission du signal d'information au dispositif de traitement.
Another solution, which is safer for the person being monitored, is described in the international patent application published under the number WO 01/33528 . This document discusses a monitoring facility of a defined and predetermined surveillance zone comprising:
  • an acoustic sensor disposed in the monitoring zone and adapted to convert, in an information signal, a sensed acoustic wave resulting from an occurrence of an activity in the surveillance zone,
  • a processing device adapted to receive the information signal, and
  • a system for transmitting the information signal to the processing device.

Dans ce document, le capteur acoustique est un capteur microphonique disposé par exemple à proximité du lit de la personne surveillée. Le dispositif de traitement est tout simplement conçu pour convertir le signal d'information en signal sonore reproduisant à l'aide d'un haut-parleur le signal sonore à l'origine de l'onde acoustique captée. Il est par exemple porté par un surveillant de la personne située dans la zone de surveillance. La reproduction sonore de toute activité dans la zone de surveillance permet au surveillant d'analyser ce qui se passe. Une voie de retour peut aussi lui permettre de rassurer la personne surveillée en temps réel.In this document, the acoustic sensor is a microphone sensor disposed for example near the bed of the person being monitored. The processing device is simply designed to convert the information signal to a sound signal reproducing with a speaker the sound signal at the origin of the acoustic wave captured. It is for example worn by a supervisor of the person located in the surveillance zone. Sound reproduction of any activity in the surveillance zone allows the supervisor to analyze what is happening. A return lane may also allow him to reassure the supervised person in real time.

Mais cette installation présente l'inconvénient de nécessiter une attention permanente du surveillant. Elle le laisse en outre juger de la nature de l'activité sonore reproduite par le dispositif de traitement et de la nécessité ou non de porter secours à la personne surveillée.But this installation has the disadvantage of requiring a permanent attention of the supervisor. It also allows him to judge the nature of the sound activity reproduced by the treatment device and the need or not to rescue the person being monitored.

Il peut ainsi être souhaité de prévoir un système de surveillance d'une zone de surveillance prédéterminée qui permette de s'affranchir, au moins en partie, des problèmes et contraintes précités.It may thus be desirable to provide a system for monitoring a predetermined surveillance zone that makes it possible to overcome, at least in part, the aforementioned problems and constraints.

Le document EP 1 872 818 A1 divulgue une installation de surveillance d'une zone de surveillance délimitée et prédéterminée selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The document EP 1 872 818 A1 discloses a monitoring facility of a defined and predetermined surveillance zone according to the preamble of claim 1.

L'invention a donc pour objet une installation de surveillance d'une zone de surveillance délimitée et prédéterminée, comprenant :

  • au moins un capteur acoustique disposé dans la zone de surveillance et conçu pour convertir, en un signal d'information, une onde acoustique captée résultant d'une occurrence d'une activité dans la zone de surveillance,
  • un dispositif de traitement conçu pour recevoir le signal d'information, et
  • un système de transmission du signal d'information au dispositif de traitement,
l'installation de surveillance comprenant en outre :
  • un système d'émission d'au moins une alarme, et
  • une base de données comportant, pour chacune d'au moins une activité prédéterminée de référence dont une occurrence est susceptible d'engendrer des ondes acoustiques dans la zone de surveillance, des
caractéristiques de référence relatives à cette activité prédéterminée de référence,
et le dispositif de traitement comprenant un système d'analyse conçu pour :
  • analyser le signal d'information à partir des caractéristiques de référence d'au moins une activité prédéterminée de référence de la base de données, et
  • activer le système d'émission d'au moins une alarme en fonction de l'analyse du signal d'information.
The subject of the invention is therefore an installation for monitoring a defined and predetermined surveillance zone, comprising:
  • at least one acoustic sensor disposed in the monitoring zone and adapted to convert, in an information signal, a sensed acoustic wave resulting from an occurrence of an activity in the surveillance zone,
  • a processing device adapted to receive the information signal, and
  • a system for transmitting the information signal to the processing device,
the monitoring installation further comprising:
  • a system for transmitting at least one alarm, and
  • a database comprising, for each of at least one predetermined reference activity whose occurrence is likely to generate acoustic waves in the surveillance zone,
reference characteristics relating to this predetermined reference activity,
and the processing device comprising an analysis system designed to:
  • analyzing the information signal from the reference characteristics of at least one predetermined reference activity of the database, and
  • activate the system for transmitting at least one alarm according to the analysis of the information signal.

Ainsi, une installation selon l'invention fournit une véritable assistance au surveillant en l'aidant dans son diagnostic de la situation et en agissant elle-même sur un système d'alarme. En fonction de la finesse de l'analyse, liée par exemple au nombre de caractéristiques de référence et/ou d'activités prédéterminées de référence, il peut même être envisagé de se passer d'un surveillant.Thus, an installation according to the invention provides real assistance to the supervisor in helping him in his diagnosis of the situation and acting itself on an alarm system. Depending on the fineness of the analysis, linked for example to the number of reference characteristics and / or predetermined reference activities, it may even be envisaged to dispense with a supervisor.

L'installation de surveillance selon l'invention comporte, dans la zone de surveillance, au moins un capteur acoustique d'ondes sismiques se propageant dans un milieu solide.The monitoring installation according to the invention comprises, in the surveillance zone, at least one acoustic sensor of seismic waves propagating in a solid medium.

Ainsi, grâce à cette utilisation de capteur acoustique d'ondes sismiques se propageant dans un milieu solide, l'installation de surveillance de l'invention est très efficace pour détecter une chute de personne dans la zone de surveillance. Notamment, ce milieu solide pouvant comporter le sol de la zone de surveillance, tout signal d'information fourni par le capteur acoustique d'onde sismique est alors attribuable à une activité vraiment localisée dans la zone de surveillance.Thus, by virtue of this use of an acoustic sensor for seismic waves propagating in a solid medium, the monitoring installation of the invention is very effective in detecting a fall of a person in the surveillance zone. In particular, since this solid medium may comprise the floor of the surveillance zone, any information signal supplied by the acoustic seismic wave sensor is then attributable to a truly localized activity in the surveillance zone.

En outre, les ondes sismiques présentent l'avantage de respecter la vie privée de la personne surveillée : en effet, elles ne divulguent pas le contenu d'une conversation mais sont plutôt caractéristiques de bruits de pas, chutes, vibrations, etc. En d'autres termes, une information contenue dans un signal sismique n'est pas « sensible » mais « vitale ». Le milieu solide dans lequel elle se propage remplit en quelque sorte une fonction de filtre naturel sélectionnant les bonnes informations « vitales » destinées à être analysées par le dispositif de traitement. Bien sûr, si le capteur acoustique d'ondes sismiques est ultrasensible ou bien s'il est de type « bi-milieu », des signaux acoustiques peuvent également être captés, mais par exemple uniquement pour localiser et vérifier l'appartenance à la zone de surveillance, non pour reconnaître des mots et des sons.In addition, seismic waves have the advantage of respecting the privacy of the person being monitored: they do not disclose the content of a conversation but are rather characteristic of footsteps, falls, vibrations, etc. In other words, information contained in a seismic signal is not "sensitive" but "vital". The solid medium in which it propagates fulfills in a way a natural filter function that selects the right "vital" information to be analyzed by the processing device. Of course, if the acoustic sensor of seismic waves is ultrasensitive or if it is of "bi-medium" type, acoustic signals can also be sensed, but for example only to locate and verify the membership to the zone of surveillance, not to recognize words and sounds.

Le système d'émission d'au moins une alarme comprend un dispositif, disposé dans la zone de surveillance, de génération d'une alarme dite de premier niveau.The system for transmitting at least one alarm comprises a device, arranged in the surveillance zone, for generating a so-called first level alarm.

La personne surveillée est ainsi alertée dès qu'une situation anormale est détectée par l'installation de surveillance.The monitored person is thus alerted as soon as an abnormal situation is detected by the monitoring installation.

De façon plus spécifique selon l'invention :

  • le système d'émission d'au moins une alarme comprend en outre un dispositif de génération, vers l'extérieur de la zone de surveillance, d'une alarme dite de second niveau, et
  • le système d'analyse est conçu pour recevoir un signal d'acquittement et pour, si aucun signal d'acquittement n'est reçu dans un laps de temps prédéterminé suite à la génération de l'alarme de premier niveau, activer le dispositif de génération de l'alarme de second niveau.
More specifically according to the invention:
  • the system for transmitting at least one alarm further comprises a device for generating, outside the surveillance zone, a so-called second level alarm, and
  • the analysis system is adapted to receive an acknowledgment signal and, if no acknowledgment signal is received within a predetermined period of time following the generation of the first level alarm, activate the generation device of the second level alarm.

De façon optionnelle également, une installation de surveillance selon l'invention peut en outre comporter un dispositif d'acquittement disposé dans la zone de surveillance et activable par un utilisateur pour la génération du signal d'acquittement.Optionally also, a monitoring installation according to the invention may further comprise an acknowledgment device arranged in the monitoring area and activatable by a user for the generation of the acknowledgment signal.

Ainsi, la personne surveillée peut réagir à la génération de l'alarme de premier niveau en l'invalidant s'il s'agit d'une fausse alerte. Si elle ne réagit pas, la situation anormale est confirmée et cela déclenche l'alarme de second niveau émise à l'extérieur de la zone de surveillance, par exemple à l'attention d'un centre de surveillance ou d'une tierce personne identifiée.Thus, the monitored person can react to the generation of the first level alarm by disabling it if it is a false alarm. If it does not react, the abnormal situation is confirmed and this triggers the second-level alarm issued outside the surveillance zone, for example to the attention of a monitoring center or an identified third party. .

De façon plus spécifique et selon l'invention, le système d'analyse est conçu pour, si un signal d'acquittement est reçu dans le laps de temps prédéterminé suite à la génération de l'alarme de premier niveau, mettre à jour les caractéristiques de référence d'une activité prédéterminée de référence de la base de données.More specifically, according to the invention, the analysis system is designed to, if an acknowledgment signal is received within the predetermined time period following the generation of the first level alarm, update the characteristics. reference of a predetermined reference activity of the database.

Le système affine ainsi sa base de données pour limiter, par apprentissage, la probabilité de générer des alarmes de premier niveau sans bonne raison.The system thus refines its database to limit, by learning, the probability of generating first level alarms without good reason.

De façon optionnelle également, le système d'analyse est conçu pour :

  • sélectionner, à partir des caractéristiques de référence de la base de données, une activité prédéterminée de référence de la base de données correspondant à l'activité, dite activité détectée, dont résulte le signal d'information,
  • enregistrer une valeur relative à un instant d'occurrence de l'activité détectée et associer cette valeur à l'activité de référence sélectionnée, et
  • décider d'activer ou non le système d'émission d'au moins une alarme en fonction au moins de cette valeur et de l'activité de référence à laquelle elle est associée.
Optionally also, the analysis system is designed to:
  • selecting, from the reference characteristics of the database, a predetermined activity of reference of the database corresponding to the activity, said activity detected, which results the information signal,
  • storing a relative value at a time of occurrence of the detected activity and associating this value with the selected reference activity, and
  • decide whether or not to activate the system for transmitting at least one alarm based on at least this value and the reference activity with which it is associated.

L'installation détecte ainsi des situations anormales, non seulement lorsque certaines activités anormales par nature sont détectées (chutes, cris, etc.), mais aussi en fonction des occurrences, trop ou pas assez répétées, d'activités a priori normales.The installation thus detects abnormal situations, not only when certain abnormal activities by nature are detected (falls, screams, etc.), but also according to the occurrences, too much or not enough repeated, activities a priori normal.

De façon optionnelle également, la base de données comporte, pour chacune d'une pluralité d'activités prédéterminées de référence, des caractéristiques de référence relatives à cette activité prédéterminée de référence.Also optionally, the database includes, for each of a plurality of predetermined reference activities, reference characteristics relating to this predetermined reference activity.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de surveillance d'une zone de surveillance délimitée et prédéterminée selon la revendication 5.The subject of the invention is also a method for monitoring a defined and predetermined surveillance zone according to claim 5.

Enfin, l'invention a également pour objet un programme d'ordinateur téléchargeable depuis un réseau de communication et/ou enregistré sur un support lisible par ordinateur et/ou exécutable par un processeur selon la revendication 6.Finally, the invention also relates to a computer program downloadable from a communication network and / or recorded on a computer readable medium and / or executable by a processor according to claim 6.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en trois dimensions d'une zone délimitée équipée d'une installation de surveillance selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue détaillée et en perspective d'un dispositif, destiné à être porté par une personne, intégré dans l'installation de la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 illustre les étapes successives d'un procédé de surveillance mis en oeuvre par l'installation de la figure 1.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a delimited zone equipped with a monitoring installation according to one embodiment of the invention,
  • the figure 2 is a detailed perspective view of a device, intended to be worn by a person, integrated into the installation of the figure 1 ,
  • the figure 3 illustrates the successive steps of a monitoring process implemented by the installation of the figure 1 .

En référence aux figures 1 et 2, dans l'exemple de mise en oeuvre de l'invention qui suit, la zone de surveillance est prise par souci de simplification des illustrations comme étant une pièce 10 d'un appartement 12, délimitée notamment par des murs 10A et un sol 10B. Une personne 13 habite l'appartement 12. Il s'agit par exemple d'une personne âgée ou malade, qui est de ce fait vulnérable et nécessite une surveillance régulière. En relation avec ses déplacements et ses actions, la personne 13 effectue différentes activités dans l'appartement 12. Chaque occurrence d'une activité est susceptible de générer une onde acoustique dans l'air et/ou dans des milieux solides, en particulier le sol 10B et les murs 10A. Les ondes acoustiques sont générées soit directement par la personne 13 (activité vocale, déplacement dans la pièce 10, coup volontaire ou involontaire sur le sol 10B et/ou les murs 10A, etc.), soit indirectement par l'utilisation d'équipements (déplacement de chaises, utilisation d'appareils électroménagers, etc.).With reference to figures 1 and 2 , in the example of implementation of the invention which follows, the surveillance zone is taken for the sake of simplification of the illustrations as being a part 10 of an apartment 12, defined in particular by walls 10A and soil 10B. One person 13 lives in apartment 12. This is for example an elderly or sick person, who is therefore vulnerable and requires regular monitoring. In relation to his movements and his actions, the person 13 carries out various activities in the apartment 12. Each occurrence of an activity is capable of generating an acoustic wave in the air and / or in solid media, in particular the floor 10B and the walls 10A. The acoustic waves are generated either directly by the person 13 (vocal activity, movement in the room 10, voluntary or involuntary blow on the ground 10B and / or the walls 10A, etc.), or indirectly by the use of equipment ( moving chairs, use of household appliances, etc.).

L'appartement 12 est équipé d'une installation de surveillance 14 destinée à mettre à profit ces ondes acoustiques pour détecter une situation d'urgence dans la pièce 10, ou plus généralement une situation nécessitant une intervention.The apartment 12 is equipped with a monitoring facility 14 for taking advantage of these acoustic waves to detect an emergency situation in the room 10, or more generally a situation requiring intervention.

L'installation de surveillance 14 comprend une pluralité de capteurs acoustiques 16, 18, 20, 22, 26 et 30. Chaque capteur acoustique 16, 18, 20, 22, 26 ou 30 est disposé dans la pièce 10 et conçu pour convertir, en un signal d'information, une onde acoustique captée résultant d'une occurrence d'une activité dans la pièce 10, dite activité détectée. On notera que pour généraliser la surveillance à l'ensemble du logement 12, il suffirait de placer des capteurs acoustiques dans toutes ses pièces.The monitoring installation 14 comprises a plurality of acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22, 26 and 30. Each acoustic sensor 16, 18, 20, 22, 26 or 30 is arranged in the room 10 and designed to convert, in an information signal, a sensed acoustic wave resulting from an occurrence of an activity in the piece 10, said activity detected. Note that to generalize the surveillance to the entire housing 12, it would be enough to place acoustic sensors in all its rooms.

Dans l'exemple illustré sur la figure 1, l'installation de surveillance 14 comprend des capteurs acoustiques 16, 18, 20 et 22 d'ondes sismiques. Par « ondes sismiques », on entend des ondes se propageant dans un milieu solide. Dans l'exemple illustré, les capteurs acoustiques 16, 18, 20 et 22 d'ondes sismiques sont fixés au sol 10B de la pièce 10, à des positions fixes et connues (par exemple disposés en triangle, losange ou rectangle comme c'est le cas dans l'exemple illustré), et couplés acoustiquement au sol 10B. De ce fait le milieu solide que constitue le sol 10B est partie intégrante de la zone de surveillance formée par la pièce 10. Les capteurs acoustiques 16, 18, 20 et 22 sont conçus pour détecter les ondes sismiques se propageant dans l'épaisseur du sol 10B et/ou à sa surface. En variante non illustrée, des capteurs acoustiques d'ondes sismiques pourraient être également fixés sur les murs 10A.In the example shown on the figure 1 , the monitoring installation 14 comprises acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20 and 22 of seismic waves. By "seismic waves" is meant waves propagating in a solid medium. In the example illustrated, the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20 and 22 of seismic waves are fixed to the ground 10B of the part 10, at fixed and known positions (for example arranged in a triangle, rhombus or rectangle as is the case in the illustrated example), and acoustically coupled to the ground 10B. As a result, the solid medium constituted by the ground 10B is an integral part of the surveillance zone formed by the part 10. The acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20 and 22 are designed to detect the seismic waves propagating in the thickness of the ground 10B and / or on its surface. As a variant not illustrated, acoustic sensors of seismic waves could also be fixed on the walls 10A.

De manière générale, la taille de la zone de surveillance est définie, d'une part, par le dimensionnement des capteurs acoustiques et leur portée et, d'autre part, par leur configuration. Cette taille peut atteindre plusieurs centaines de mètres carrés, que ce soit sur le sol terrestre ou dans une habitation.In general, the size of the surveillance zone is defined, on the one hand, by the size of the acoustic sensors and their range and, on the other hand, by their configuration. This size can reach several hundred square meters, whether on the ground or in a dwelling.

Dans l'exemple illustré, l'installation de surveillance comprend en outre un capteur acoustique 26 d'ondes aériennes (mais plusieurs pourraient être prévus). On entend par « ondes aériennes » des ondes se propageant dans l'air de la pièce 10. Le capteur acoustique 26 d'ondes aériennes est fixé à l'un des murs 10A de la pièce 10, mais il est couplé acoustiquement à l'air de la pièce 10, de manière à remplir une fonction microphonique.In the illustrated example, the monitoring installation further comprises an acoustic sensor 26 of air waves (but several could be provided). The term "air waves" means waves propagating in the air of the room 10. The acoustic sensor 26 of air waves is attached to one of the walls 10A of the room 10, but it is coupled acoustically to the air from the room 10, so as to fulfill a microphonic function.

Chacun des capteurs acoustiques 16, 18, 20, 22 et 26 d'ondes sismiques et aériennes possède une fréquence de résonance fondamentale comprise entre 1 et 10 kHz pour une utilisation dans un appartement, par exemple 7 kHz.Each of the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22 and 26 of seismic and aerial waves has a fundamental resonant frequency of between 1 and 10 kHz for use in an apartment, for example 7 kHz.

L'installation de surveillance 14 comprend en outre un dispositif portable, par exemple une parure 28 portée par la personne 13, telle qu'un bracelet. Cette parure 28 comprend également un capteur acoustique 30 d'ondes sismiques conçu pour détecter les ondes acoustiques se propageant dans le corps de la personne 13, en particulier les ondes acoustiques résultant de l'activité cardiaque, de la respiration ou de sons émis par la personne 13. Ce capteur est illustré sur la figure 2.The monitoring installation 14 further comprises a portable device, for example a set of shoes 28 worn by the person 13, such as a bracelet. This set 28 also comprises a seismic wave acoustic sensor 30 designed to detect the acoustic waves propagating in the body of the person 13, in particular the acoustic waves resulting from the cardiac activity, breathing or sounds emitted by the body. person 13. This sensor is shown on the figure 2 .

L'installation de surveillance 14 comprend en outre un dispositif de traitement 32 conçu pour recevoir chaque signal d'information des capteurs acoustiques 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30 précédemment décrits. Dans l'exemple illustré, le dispositif de traitement 32 est intégré dans un boîtier fixé sur l'un des murs 10A de l'appartement 12.The monitoring installation 14 further comprises a processing device 32 designed to receive each information signal of the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30 previously described. In the illustrated example, the treatment device 32 is integrated in a housing fixed on one of the walls 10A of the apartment 12.

L'installation de surveillance 14 comprend en outre un système 34 de transmission, au dispositif de traitement 32, des signaux d'informations des capteurs acoustiques 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30. Dans l'exemple illustré, le système de transmission 34 comprend des liaisons filaires 36 reliant les capteurs acoustiques d'ondes sismiques 16, 18, 20, 22 et aériennes 26 au dispositif de traitement 32. Par ailleurs, la parure 28 et le dispositif de traitement 32 sont respectivement munis de dispositif de communication sans fil 38, 40 afin d'être aptes à communiquer entre eux. Ainsi, le système de transmission 34 comprend également ces dispositifs de communication sans fil 38 et 40. Les dispositifs de communication sans fil sont par exemple des dispositifs à ondes radio, tels que des dispositifs Bluetooth, Zigbee ou Wifi.The monitoring installation 14 further comprises a system 34 for transmitting, to the processing device 32, information signals of the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30. In the example illustrated, the system transmission 34 comprises wire links 36 connecting the acoustic sensors of seismic waves 16, 18, 20, 22 and aerials 26 to the processing device 32. Furthermore, the adornment 28 and the processing device 32 are respectively provided with communication device wireless 38, 40 to be able to communicate with each other. Thus, the transmission system 34 also comprises these wireless communication devices 38 and 40. The wireless communication devices are for example radio wave devices, such as Bluetooth, Zigbee or Wifi devices.

En variante non illustrée, le système de transmission 34 pourrait comprendre des dispositifs de communication sans fil, similaires aux dispositifs 38 et 40, pour transmettre les signaux d'information depuis les capteurs acoustiques 16, 18, 20, 22, 26 au dispositif de traitement 32.In a variant that is not illustrated, the transmission system 34 could comprise wireless communication devices, similar to the devices 38 and 40, for transmitting the information signals from the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22, 26 to the processing device 32.

L'installation 14 comprend en outre un système 42 d'émission d'au moins une alarme.The installation 14 further comprises a system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm.

Dans l'exemple illustré, le système 42 d'émission d'au moins une alarme comprend un dispositif 44, disposé de manière fixe dans la pièce 10, de génération d'une alarme visuelle dite de premier niveau. L'alarme visuelle de premier niveau est destinée à pouvoir être vue par la personne 13, lorsque cette dernière est dans la pièce 10. Le système 42 d'émission d'au moins une alarme comprend en outre un dispositif 46, disposé de manière fixe dans la pièce 10, de génération d'une alarme sonore dite également de premier niveau. Le dispositif 46 est par exemple un haut-parleur. L'alarme sonore de premier niveau est destinée à être entendue par la personne 13, lorsque cette dernière se trouve dans la pièce 10. Les dispositifs 44 et 46 de génération d'une alarme de premier niveau sont par exemple fixés au dispositif de traitement 32.In the example illustrated, the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm comprises a device 44, fixedly arranged in the part 10, for generating a so-called first level visual alarm. The first-level visual alarm is intended to be seen by the person 13, when the latter is in the room 10. The system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm further comprises a device 46, arranged in a fixed manner in the room 10, generating a sound alarm also said first level. The device 46 is for example a speaker. The first level audible alarm is intended to be heard by the person 13, when the latter is in the room 10. The devices 44 and 46 for generating a first level alarm are for example attached to the processing device 32 .

Dans l'exemple illustré, le système 42 d'émission d'au moins une alarme comprend en outre un dispositif mobile 48 de génération d'une alarme visuelle de premier niveau, par exemple une diode de type LED, un dispositif mobile 50 de génération d'une alarme sonore de premier niveau, par exemple un bipeur (ou buzzer) piézo-électrique, et un dispositif mobile 52 de génération d'une alarme tactile de premier niveau, tel qu'un vibreur par exemple réalisé à l'aide d'un petit moteur à masselotte désaxée. Les dispositifs 48, 50, 52 sont fixés à la parure 28 afin de suivre la personne 15 dans ses déplacements.In the example illustrated, the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm further comprises a mobile device 48 for generating a first level visual alarm, for example an LED type diode, a mobile device 50 of generation a first-level sound alarm, for example a piezoelectric buzzer, and a mobile device 52 for generating a first-level tactile alarm, such as a vibrator for example made using a small engine with off-center weight. The devices 48, 50, 52 are attached to the set 28 to follow the person 15 in his movements.

Bien sûr, en variante non illustrée, le système 42 d'émission d'au moins une alarme pourrait ne comprendre qu'un seul dispositif de génération d'une alarme de premier niveau. Les alarmes de premier niveau sont destinées à avertir la personne 13 qu'une situation anormale a été détectée par l'installation de surveillance 14 et lui donnent ainsi l'occasion d'invalider cette détection en y répondant à l'aide d'un message d'acquittement, comme cela sera expliqué par la suite.Of course, in a non-illustrated variant, the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm could comprise only one device for generating a first level alarm. The first level alarms are intended to warn the person 13 that an abnormal situation has been detected by the monitoring installation 14 and thus give him the opportunity to invalidate this detection by answering it with a message. acknowledgment, as will be explained later.

L'installation de surveillance 14 peut en outre comprendre un centre de surveillance distant 54, ou faire partie d'un tel centre de surveillance 54 lorsqu'il est destiné par exemple à superviser plusieurs installations de surveillance. Le centre de surveillance 54 est connecté à un réseau 58 de transmission de données, tel que le réseau Internet, et également à un réseau de télécommunication sans fil 62, tel que le réseau d'un opérateur téléphonique.The monitoring installation 14 may further comprise a remote monitoring center 54, or be part of such a monitoring center 54 when it is intended for example to supervise several monitoring installations. The monitoring center 54 is connected to a data transmission network 58, such as the Internet, and also to a wireless telecommunications network 62, such as the network of a telephone operator.

Afin d'avertir le centre de surveillance distant 54 d'une situation anormale confirmée, en cas d'absence d'acquittement de la part de la personne 13 suite à l'émission d'une alarme de premier niveau (comme cela sera expliqué par la suite), le système 42 d'émission d'au moins une alarme comprend un premier dispositif 56 de génération d'une alarme dite de second niveau conçu pour envoyer un message d'alerte de second niveau à destination du centre de surveillance distant 54, via le réseau Internet 58. L'alarme de second niveau comprend par exemple un courriel. Le système 42 d'émission d'au moins une alarme comprend en outre un second dispositif 60 de génération d'une autre alarme de second niveau à destination du centre de surveillance distant 54, via le réseau sans fil 62. Cette autre alarme de second niveau comprend par exemple un SMS ou un appel téléphonique classique. Dans l'exemple illustré, les deux dispositifs 56, 60 sont intégrés dans le dispositif de traitement 32.In order to warn the remote monitoring center 54 of an abnormal situation confirmed, in case of absence of acknowledgment by the person 13 following the emission of a first level alarm (as will be explained by following), the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm comprises a first device 56 for generating a so-called second level alarm designed to send a second level alert message to the remote monitoring center 54 via the Internet 58. The second-level alarm includes, for example, an email. The system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm further comprises a second device 60 for generating another second level alarm for the remote monitoring center 54, via the wireless network 62. level includes for example an SMS or a conventional telephone call. In the example shown, the two devices 56, 60 are integrated in the processing device 32.

On remarquera que, pour les deux dispositifs 56, 60, l'alarme de second niveau est générée vers l'extérieur de la zone de surveillance.Note that for both devices 56, 60, the second level alarm is generated out of the surveillance zone.

Afin de pouvoir détecter une situation anormale, l'installation de surveillance 14 comprend en outre une base de données 64 comportant, pour chacune d'au moins une activité prédéterminée de référence dont une occurrence est susceptible d'engendrer des ondes acoustiques dans la pièce 10, des caractéristiques de référence relatives à cette activité prédéterminée de référence. De préférence, la base de données 64 regroupe des caractéristiques de référence pour une pluralité d'activités de référence. Dans l'exemple illustré, la base de données 64 est située dans le dispositif de traitement 32.In order to be able to detect an abnormal situation, the monitoring installation 14 also comprises a database 64 comprising, for each of at least one predetermined reference activity, an occurrence of which is likely to generate acoustic waves in the room 10 , reference characteristics relating to this predetermined reference activity. Preferably, the database 64 groups reference characteristics for a plurality of reference activities. In the example shown, the database 64 is located in the processing device 32.

Les caractéristiques de référence sont destinées, d'une part, à permettre de distinguer les activités de référence les unes des autres et, d'autre part, à déterminer si une situation est anormale dans la pièce 10 à partir d'une répétition (ou d'une absence de répétition) d'une ou plusieurs activités qui se sont produites dans la pièce 10, parmi les activités prédéterminées de référence.The reference characteristics are intended, on the one hand, to make it possible to distinguish the reference activities from each other and, on the other hand, to determine whether a situation is abnormal in the room 10 from a repetition (or a lack of repetition) of one or more activities that occurred in the room 10, among the predetermined reference activities.

Ainsi, les caractéristiques de référence de chaque activité de référence comprennent tout d'abord des caractéristiques de référence relatives aux signaux d'information eux-mêmes. Dans l'exemple illustré, ces caractéristiques de référence comprennent un signal d'information de référence représentatif de l'activité de référence correspondante. Ainsi, par exemple, la base de données 64 associe l'événement « pas dans la pièce » à un signal d'information de référence de bruits de pas, par exemple préalablement enregistré. Dans une variante non décrite, il est possible de prévoir un signal d'information de référence spécifique pour chaque milieu de propagation acoustique, par exemple solide, aérien, etc.Thus, the reference characteristics of each reference activity firstly comprise reference characteristics relating to the information signals themselves. In the illustrated example, these reference characteristics comprise a reference information signal representative of the corresponding reference activity. Thus, for example, the database 64 associates the event "not in the room" with a reference information signal of footsteps, for example previously recorded. In an undescribed variant, it is it is possible to provide a specific reference information signal for each acoustic propagation medium, for example solid, aerial, etc.

Par ailleurs, les caractéristiques de référence de chaque activité de référence comprennent des caractéristiques de référence relatives à la répétition dans le temps de cette activité de référence. Par exemple, ces caractéristiques de référence comprennent une donnée représentant un intervalle de temps jugé normal entre deux occurrences de l'activité de référence considérée, ainsi qu'une donnée représentant un intervalle de temps seuil, entre deux occurrences successives, au-delà duquel la répétition de l'activité considérée est jugée anormale, ce qui peut indiquer un problème pour la personne 13.In addition, the reference characteristics of each reference activity include reference characteristics relating to the repetition over time of this reference activity. For example, these reference characteristics comprise a datum representing a time interval considered normal between two occurrences of the reference activity considered, as well as a datum representing a threshold time interval, between two successive occurrences, beyond which the Repetition of the activity is considered abnormal, which may indicate a problem for the person 13.

Les caractéristiques de référence peuvent par exemple comprendre (la première donnée entre parenthèses représente l'intervalle de temps de répétition normal, et la seconde donnée entre parenthèses représente l'intervalle de temps de répétition seuil) :

  • pas, frottements de pantoufles (3h, 24h),
  • fonctionnement d'appareils d'exercice physique de type vélo d'appartement, tapis mécanique ou autre (24h, jamais),
  • petits impacts caractéristiques d'un repas (couverts sur assiette, métal sur céramique) (4h, 24h),
  • ouverture de bouteille de vin (1 semaine, jamais),
  • écoulement d'eau d'un robinet (3h, 12h),
  • douche (24h, 72h),
  • activation de chasse d'eau (4h, 12h),
  • bruit de vaisselle (4h, 24h),
  • utilisation de WC (4h, 24h),
  • utilisation d'un balai, d'un aspirateur (24h, 1 semaine),
  • ouverture/fermeture d'une porte de l'appartement (12h, 24h),
  • utilisation de clefs dans une serrure (4h, 12h),
  • ouverture/fermeture de porte de réfrigérateur (4h, 24h),
  • ouverture/fermeture de tiroirs de commode, d'une porte d'armoire, d'un placard (12h, 48h),
  • manipulation de chaise (2h, 24h),
  • avertisseur sonore d'un four à micro-ondes (12h, 24h),
  • fonctionnement d'une cafetière (12h, jamais),
  • sonneries de téléphone (24h, jamais),
  • bruits de conversations (3h, 24h),
  • chants (24h, jamais),
  • appels (24h, jamais),
  • actionnement d'instruments de musique (24h, jamais),
  • pleurs (rare, jamais),
  • rires (24h, jamais),
  • cris (rare, jamais),
  • respiration (2s, 5s),
  • ronflements (24h, jamais),
  • flatulences (24h, 48h),
  • chutes d'objets (12h, 48h),
  • télévision (12h, 24h),
  • radio et/ou chaîne Hi-Fi (12h, 24h),
  • etc.
The reference characteristics may for example include (the first data in parentheses represents the normal repetition time interval, and the second data in brackets represents the threshold repetition time interval):
  • no, friction of slippers (3h, 24h),
  • operation of exercise machines such as exercise bike, mechanical carpet or other (24h, never),
  • small impacts characteristic of a meal (cutlery on plate, metal on ceramics) (4h, 24h),
  • opening of bottle of wine (1 week, never),
  • flow of water from a tap (3h, 12h),
  • shower (24h, 72h),
  • flush activation (4h, 12h),
  • dishwashing noise (4h, 24h),
  • use of WC (4h, 24h),
  • use of a broom, a vacuum cleaner (24h, 1 week),
  • opening / closing a door of the apartment (12h, 24h),
  • use of keys in a lock (4h, 12h),
  • opening / closing of refrigerator door (4h, 24h),
  • opening / closing dresser drawers, a cabinet door, a cupboard (12h, 48h),
  • chair manipulation (2h, 24h),
  • sounder of a microwave oven (12h, 24h),
  • operation of a coffee maker (12h, never),
  • phone ringtones (24h, never),
  • noises of conversations (3h, 24h),
  • songs (24h, never),
  • calls (24h, never),
  • actuation of musical instruments (24h, never),
  • crying (rare, never),
  • laughs (24h, never),
  • shouting (rare, never),
  • breathing (2s, 5s),
  • snoring (24h, never),
  • flatulence (24h, 48h),
  • falling objects (12h, 48h),
  • television (12h, 24h),
  • radio and / or Hi-Fi system (12h, 24h),
  • etc.

Dans l'énumération non limitative indiquée ci-dessus à titre purement illustratif, la valeur « rare » peut être associée à un intervalle prédéterminé de plusieurs jours, plusieurs semaines ou plusieurs mois, adapté à la personne 13. La valeur « jamais » signifie que l'intervalle correspondant est infini : si elle est associée à un intervalle seuil, cela signifie donc qu'il n'y a pas de valeur seuil au delà de laquelle l'activité considérée doit être considérée comme anormale.In the nonlimiting enumeration indicated above for purely illustrative purposes, the value "rare" may be associated with a predetermined interval of several days, weeks or months, adapted to the person 13. The value "never" means that the corresponding interval is infinite: if it is associated with a threshold interval, this means that there is no threshold value beyond which the activity considered must be considered abnormal.

En variante, les caractéristiques de référence relatives à la répétition dans le temps d'une activité de référence peuvent être plus complexes. Par exemple, ces caractéristiques de référence peuvent comprendre une loi de probabilité sur l'intervalle de temps attendu entre deux occurrences. Dans ce cas, la loi de probabilité est de préférence centrée sur l'intervalle de temps normal et décroît de part et autre de cet intervalle de temps normal. Dans ce cas également, un écart entre deux occurrences de l'activité de référence est par exemple considéré comme anormal lorsque sa probabilité se situe à plus de deux écarts types de l'intervalle de temps normal.Alternatively, the reference characteristics relating to the repetition over time of a reference activity may be more complex. For example, these reference characteristics may include a probability law over the expected time interval between two occurrences. In this case, the probability law is preferably centered on the normal time interval and decreases on both sides of this normal time interval. In this case also, a difference between two occurrences of the reference activity is for example considered abnormal when its probability is more than two standard deviations of the normal time interval.

Afin de permettre à la personne 13 d'invalider une alarme de premier niveau, l'installation de surveillance 14 comprend un système d'acquittement 66 conçu pour générer un signal d'acquittement en réponse à une action d'acquittement de la part de la personne 13. Dans l'exemple illustré, le système d'acquittement comprend un dispositif fixe d'acquittement 68, fixé sur le dispositif de traitement 32, et un dispositif mobile d'acquittement 70, porté par la parure 28. Les dispositifs d'acquittement 68, 70 sont par exemple des boutons poussoirs.In order to enable the person 13 to invalidate a first level alarm, the monitoring system 14 comprises an acknowledgment system 66 designed to generate an acknowledgment signal in response to an acknowledgment action by the receiver. person 13. In the illustrated example, the acknowledgment system includes a fixed acknowledging device 68, fixed on the processing device 32, and a mobile acknowledging device 70, carried by the ornament 28. The acknowledgment devices 68, 70 are for example push buttons.

Le dispositif de traitement 32 comprend en outre un système d'analyse 72. Dans l'exemple illustré, il s'agit d'une carte électronique à contrôle automatique de gain et traitement du signal.The processing device 32 further comprises an analysis system 72. In the example illustrated, it is an electronic card with automatic control of gain and signal processing.

Le système d'analyse 72 comprend ainsi un multiplexeur 72A permettant de recevoir sélectivement le signal d'information provenant de chaque capteur acoustique 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30.The analysis system 72 thus comprises a multiplexer 72A for selectively receiving the information signal coming from each acoustic sensor 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30.

Le système d'analyse 72 comprend en outre un étage amplificateur large bande 72B, par exemple de 0 à 100kHz, à gain programmable numériquement.The analysis system 72 further comprises a broadband amplifier stage 72B, for example from 0 to 100 kHz, with a numerically programmable gain.

Le système d'analyse 72 comprend en outre un filtre 72C recevant le signal d'information amplifié et conçu pour localiser, dans la pièce 10, une activité détectée par les capteurs acoustiques 16, 18, 20, 22. De préférence, la localisation est réalisée par mesure de temps de transit différentiel entre au moins trois capteurs acoustiques différents. Le filtre 72C est en outre conçu, si moins de trois capteurs seulement détectent les ondes acoustiques résultant de d'une activité détectée dans un intervalle de temps inférieur à 20 ms (pour permettre la détection de bruits à 50 Hz), par exemple 15 ms, pour classer l'évènement en tant que signal électrique parasite (non acoustique).The analysis system 72 further comprises a filter 72C receiving the amplified information signal and designed to locate, in the room 10, an activity detected by the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22. Preferably, the location is realized by measurement of differential transit time between at least three different acoustic sensors. The filter 72C is furthermore designed, if less than three sensors only detect the acoustic waves resulting from a detected activity in a time interval of less than 20 ms (to allow the detection of noise at 50 Hz), for example 15 ms , to classify the event as a parasitic (non-acoustic) electrical signal.

Le système d'analyse 72 comprend en outre une unité de microcontrôleur (de l'Anglais « MicroController Unit » ou MCU) 72D recevant les signaux d'information amplifiés et apte à les convertir par des convertisseurs analogiques/numériques intégrés. Un programme d'ordinateur est chargé dans l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D pour réaliser les fonctions détaillées ci-dessous, qui sont de ce fait également des fonctions du système d'analyse 72.The analysis system 72 further comprises a microcontroller unit (of the English "MicroController Unit" or MCU) 72D receiving the amplified information signals and able to convert them by integrated analog / digital converters. A computer program is loaded in the microcontroller unit 72D to perform the functions detailed below, which are also functions of the analysis system 72.

L'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est ainsi conçue pour contrôler automatiquement le gain de l'étage d'amplification 72A, afin que les signaux d'information soient amplifiés jusqu'à un seuil d'auto déclenchement correspondant à une situation où le rapport signal sur bruit est considéré comme trop dégradé. Le niveau de sensibilité de chacun des capteurs est ainsi variable par paliers, par exemple sur une gamme de seize paliers, au cours du temps tout en étant maintenu à un ou deux paliers en dessous d'un nombre de faux déclenchements prédéterminé, par exemple moins de 50 faux déclenchements par seconde.The microcontroller unit 72D is thus designed to automatically control the gain of the amplification stage 72A, so that the information signals are amplified up to a self-trigger threshold corresponding to a situation where the signal-to-signal ratio noise is considered too degraded. The sensitivity level of each of the sensors is thus variable in steps, for example over a range of sixteen steps, over time while being maintained at one or two levels below a predetermined number of false trips, for example less 50 false triggers per second.

L'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est en outre conçue pour comparer l'intensité de chaque signal d'information amplifié à un niveau seuil prédéterminé, indiquant, lorsqu'il est dépassé, que le capteur acoustique correspondant capte des ondes acoustiques résultant d'une activité, dite activité détectée, dans la pièce 10.The microcontroller unit 72D is further adapted to compare the intensity of each amplified information signal with a predetermined threshold level, indicating, when exceeded, that the corresponding acoustic sensor is picking up acoustic waves resulting from an activity. , said activity detected, in the room 10.

Si l'activité détectée par les capteurs acoustiques 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30 n'a pas été classée comme activité parasite, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est conçue pour enregistrer le signal d'information d'au moins un des capteurs acoustiques ayant capté les ondes acoustiques résultant de activité détectée. De préférence, les signaux d'information sont enregistrés de manière glissante pendant 5 secondes au maximum, afin de garantir que la vie privée de la personne 13 est respectée.If the activity detected by the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30 has not been classified as interference activity, the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to record the information signal of at least one acoustic sensors having sensed the acoustic waves resulting from detected activity. Preferably, the information signals are slidably recorded for a maximum of 5 seconds to ensure that the privacy of the person 13 is respected.

L'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est également conçue pour analyser le ou les signaux d'information enregistrés, sur la base des caractéristiques de référence d'au moins l'une des activités de référence de la base de données 64. Plus précisément, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est conçue pour consulter les caractéristiques de référence relatives à des signaux d'information de référence, afin de déterminer, à partir de ces caractéristiques de référence, une activité prédéterminée de référence de la base de données 64 correspondant à l'activité détectée. Dans l'exemple illustré, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est conçue pour corréler chaque signal d'information enregistré avec les signaux d'information de référence, afin d'identifier l'activité détectée comme correspondant à l'activité de référence la plus fortement corrélée.The microcontroller unit 72D is also designed to analyze the recorded information signal (s), based on the reference characteristics of at least one of the reference activities of the database 64. Specifically, the 72D microcontroller unit is designed to consult the reference characteristics relating to reference information signals, in order to determine, from these reference characteristics, a predetermined reference activity of the database 64 corresponding to the activity detected. In the illustrated example, the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to correlate each recorded information signal with the reference information signals, in order to identify the detected activity as corresponding to the most strongly reference activity. correlated.

Parmi les activités de référence, certaines peuvent être considérées comme critiques (par exemple un cri de la personne 13). Dans ce cas, si l'activité détectée correspond à l'une de ces activités de référence, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est conçue pour activer au moins l'un des dispositifs de génération d'une alarme de premier niveau 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, afin d'informer la personne 13 qu'une situation anormale a été détectée par l'installation de surveillance 14.Some of the reference activities may be considered critical (eg a person's cry 13). In this case, if the detected activity corresponds to one of these reference activities, the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to activate at least one of the first level alarm generating devices 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, to inform the person 13 that an abnormal situation has been detected by the monitoring installation 14.

L'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est en outre conçue pour dater précisément l'occurrence de l'activité de référence correspondant à l'activité détectée et pour enregistrer cette date d'occurrence. Comme indiqué précédemment avec la définition de caractéristiques de référence relatives à la répétition dans le temps de chaque activité de référence, cela permet de détecter par exemple une situation anormale sur la base d'une fréquence anormale des occurrences détectées de l'activité de référence considérée.The microcontroller unit 72D is further designed to precisely date the occurrence of the reference activity corresponding to the activity detected and to record this date of occurrence. As indicated above with the definition of reference characteristics relating to the time-repetition of each reference activity, this makes it possible, for example, to detect an abnormal situation on the basis of an abnormal frequency of the detected occurrences of the reference activity considered. .

Mais on notera que le fait de dater l'occurrence d'une activité peut aussi avoir un impact sur le suivi des autres activités de référence de la base de données. En effet, une telle occurrence indique par exemple que la personne à surveiller 13 est bien toujours présente dans la zone de surveillance, de sorte que l'on met ainsi à jour le suivi des autres activités et pas seulement celui de l'activité de référence considérée.But it should be noted that the fact of dating the occurrence of an activity may also have an impact on the follow-up of the other reference activities of the database. In Indeed, such an occurrence indicates, for example, that the person to be monitored 13 is still present in the surveillance zone, so that the monitoring of other activities and not just that of the reference activity considered is thus updated. .

L'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est en outre conçue pour estimer à un instant donné l'intervalle de temps qui s'est écoulé entre cet instant donné et la date de la dernière occurrence enregistrée de chaque activité de référence. Dans l'exemple décrit, l'intervalle de temps ainsi estimé pour une activité donnée est comparé à l'intervalle de temps de répétition seuil de cette activité. Cette estimation permet de déterminer quelle(s) activité(s) de référence ont une répétition anormale.The microcontroller unit 72D is further adapted to estimate at a given instant the time interval that has elapsed between that given instant and the date of the last recorded occurrence of each reference activity. In the example described, the time interval thus estimated for a given activity is compared with the threshold repetition time interval of this activity. This estimate makes it possible to determine which reference activity (s) have an abnormal repetition.

De préférence, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est conçue pour réaliser cette estimation à intervalle régulier. De préférence, cet intervalle régulier est plus court pendant qu'une activité est en train d'être détectée par les capteurs acoustiques, par exemple 1 seconde au lieu de 5 secondes lorsque aucune activité n'est détectée.Preferably, the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to make this estimate at regular intervals. Preferably, this regular interval is shorter while an activity is being detected by the acoustic sensors, for example 1 second instead of 5 seconds when no activity is detected.

L'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est en outre conçue pour activer le système 42 d'émission d'au moins une alarme en fonction de cette estimation du temps écoulé depuis la dernière occurrence de chaque activité de référence. Plus précisément, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est programmée pour activer le système 42 d'émission d'au moins une alarme en fonction des activités de référence dont la répétition est déterminée anormale, sur la base d'un système de règles suivant par exemple une loi de probabilité qu'une situation est anormale en fonction de répétitions anormales d'une ou plusieurs activités.The microcontroller unit 72D is further adapted to activate the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm based on this estimate of the elapsed time since the last occurrence of each reference activity. More specifically, the microcontroller unit 72D is programmed to activate the system 42 for transmitting at least one alarm as a function of the reference activities whose repetition is determined to be abnormal, on the basis of a following rule system, for example a law of probability that a situation is abnormal as a function of abnormal repetitions of one or more activities.

Dans l'exemple illustré, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est conçue pour activer au moins l'un des dispositifs de génération d'une alarme de premier niveau 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, afin d'informer la personne 13 qu'une situation anormale a été détectée par l'installation de surveillance 14.In the illustrated example, the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to activate at least one of the first level alarm generating devices 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, to inform the person 13 that an abnormal situation has been detected by the monitoring installation 14.

L'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est en outre conçue pour recevoir un signal d'acquittement de la part de la personne 13 et pour, si aucun signal d'acquittement n'est reçu dans un laps de temps prédéterminé (par exemple 1 minute) suite à la génération de l'alarme de premier niveau, activer au moins l'un des dispositifs de génération d'une alarme de second niveau 56, 60.The microcontroller unit 72D is further adapted to receive an acknowledgment signal from the person 13 and, if no acknowledgment signal is received within a predetermined period of time (eg 1 minute). at the generation of the first level alarm, activate at least one of the second level alarm generating devices 56, 60.

Dans l'exemple illustré, le signal d'acquittement est soit le signal généré par le système d'acquittement 66, soit une activité de référence spécifique (tel que le fait de frapper dans ses mains) réalisée par la personne 13 dans la pièce 10 et détectée par l'installation de surveillance 14 de la manière décrite précédemment.In the illustrated example, the acknowledgment signal is either the signal generated by the acknowledgment system 66, or a specific reference activity (such as hitting in his hands) performed by the person 13 in the room 10 and detected by the monitoring facility 14 as previously described.

Si un signal d'acquittement est reçu dans le laps de temps prédéterminé suite à la génération de l'alarme de premier niveau, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est conçue pour mettre à jour les caractéristiques de référence d'au moins l'une des activités de référence dans la base de données 64. De préférence, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D est conçue pour mettre à jour les caractéristiques de référence des activités de référence dont la répétition a été détectée comme anormale et à l'origine de l'alarme de premier niveau. Cette mise à jour à pour but d'adapter la base de données 64 au rythme de vie de la personne 15. De préférence, les intervalles de temps de répétition seuil sont initialisés à des valeurs basses, ou ajustés à la suite d'un questionnaire préalablement rempli avec la personne souscrivant au service de surveillance sur ses habitudes propres de façon à réduire le nombre d'alarmes de premier niveau générées en début de service. Dans ce cas, la mise à jour des caractéristiques de référence d'une activité de référence comprend l'augmentation de l'intervalle de temps seuil entre deux occurrences de cette activité de référence.If an acknowledgment signal is received within the predetermined time period following the generation of the first level alarm, the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to update the reference characteristics of at least one of the reference activities in the database 64. Preferably, the microcontroller unit 72D is designed to update the reference characteristics of reference activities whose repetition has been detected as abnormal and the cause of the alarm. first level. The purpose of this update is to adapt the database 64 to the life cycle of the person 15. Preferably, the threshold repetition time intervals are initialized to low values, or adjusted following a questionnaire. previously completed with the person subscribing to the monitoring service on his own habits so as to reduce the number of first level alarms generated at the beginning of the service. In this case, updating the reference characteristics of a reference activity includes increasing the threshold time interval between two occurrences of this reference activity.

Par ailleurs, de préférence, le centre de surveillance distant 54 comprend un dispositif d'affichage 74 d'un plan de la pièce 10 (ou plus globalement du logement de la personne 13). Le dispositif d'affichage 74 est alors conçu pour afficher, sur demande, la position sur ce plan des dernières occurrences des activités de référence détectées dans la pièce. Le dispositif d'affichage est en outre conçu pour afficher une liste des dernières occurrences des activités de référence détectées dans la zone de surveillance.Furthermore, preferably, the remote monitoring center 54 comprises a display device 74 of a plane of the part 10 (or more generally of the housing of the person 13). The display device 74 is then designed to display, on request, the position on this plane of the last occurrences of the reference activities detected in the room. The display device is further adapted to display a list of the latest occurrences of the reference activities detected in the monitoring area.

En référence à la figure 3, on va à présent décrire un procédé de surveillance mis en oeuvre par l'installation de surveillance 14 de la figure 1.With reference to the figure 3 a method of monitoring implemented by the monitoring facility 14 of the present invention will now be described. figure 1 .

Les capteurs acoustiques génèrent en continu les signaux d'information qui sont transmis au dispositif de traitement 32 par les moyens de transmission 34.The acoustic sensors continuously generate the information signals which are transmitted to the processing device 32 by the transmission means 34.

Au cours d'une étape 100, une activité est produite dans la pièce 10, par exemple la personne 13 se déplace en marchant, entraînant des impacts de pas sur le sol. L'activité génère des ondes acoustiques dans la pièce 10 qui se propagent dans l'air et/ou dans le sol.During a step 100, an activity is produced in the room 10, for example the person 13 moves while walking, causing foot impacts on the ground. The activity generates acoustic waves in the room 10 that propagate in the air and / or in the ground.

Au cours d'une étape 102, au moins l'un des capteurs acoustiques 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30 capte une onde acoustique générée par l'activité produite et la convertit en un signal d'information.During a step 102, at least one of the acoustic sensors 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30 picks up an acoustic wave generated by the activity produced and converts it into an information signal.

Au cours d'une étape 104, le signal d'information résultant de l'onde acoustique captée est transmis par l'intermédiaire du système de transmission 34 et est reçu, au cours d'une étape 106, par le système d'analyse 72.During a step 104, the information signal resulting from the acoustic wave captured is transmitted via the transmission system 34 and is received, during a step 106, by the analysis system 72 .

Ensuite, au cours d'une étape 108, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D compare l'intensité de chaque signal d'information (amplifié) à un niveau seuil prédéterminé, et détermine quel est le ou quels sont les capteurs acoustiques en train de capter des ondes acoustiques résultant d'une activité, dite activité détectée, dans la pièce 10.Then, during a step 108, the microcontroller unit 72D compares the intensity of each (amplified) information signal with a predetermined threshold level, and determines which acoustic sensor (s) is picking up. acoustic waves resulting from an activity, said activity detected, in the room 10.

Puis, au cours d'une étape 110, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D enregistre le signal d'information d'au moins l'un des capteurs acoustiques captant les ondes acoustiques résultant de l'activité détectée.Then, during a step 110, the microcontroller unit 72D records the information signal of at least one of the acoustic sensors sensing the acoustic waves resulting from the detected activity.

Au cours d'une étape 112, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D analyse le ou les signaux d'information enregistrés, à l'aide des caractéristiques de référence d'au moins l'une des activités de référence de la base de données 64, et détermine l'activité de référence correspondant à l'activité détectée. Dans le cas présent, il s'agit d'un bruit de pas.During a step 112, the microcontroller unit 72D analyzes the recorded information signal (s), using the reference characteristics of at least one of the reference activities of the database 64, and determines the reference activity corresponding to the detected activity. In this case, it is a step noise.

Puisque cette activité n'est pas considérée comme critique, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D n'active pas à ce stade les dispositifs de génération d'une alarme de premier niveau.Since this activity is not considered critical, the microcontroller unit 72D does not activate at this stage the devices for generating a first level alarm.

Au cours d'une étape 114, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D date l'occurrence de l'activité de référence correspondant à l'activité détectée et enregistre la date d'occurrence de cette activité de référence.During a step 114, the microcontroller unit 72D dates the occurrence of the reference activity corresponding to the activity detected and records the date of occurrence of this reference activity.

Au cours d'une étape 116, répétée de manière périodique, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D estime le temps qui s'est écoulé depuis la date de la dernière occurrence enregistrée de chaque activité de référence. A partir des caractéristiques de référence liées aux occurrences normales ou limites des activités de référence, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D détermine quelle(s) activité(s) de référence a (ont) une répétition anormale.During a step 116, repeated periodically, the microcontroller unit 72D estimates the time that has elapsed since the date of the last recorded occurrence of each reference activity. From the reference characteristics related to the normal occurrences or limits of the reference activities, the microcontroller unit 72D determines which reference activity (s) has (have) an abnormal repetition.

Si au cours de l'étape 116 au moins une activité de référence est détectée comme ayant une répétition anormale, alors au cours de l'étape 118 suivante, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D active au moins l'un des dispositifs de génération d'une alarme de premier niveau 44, 46, 48, 50, 52.If during step 116 at least one reference activity is detected as having an abnormal repetition, then in the next step 118, the microcontroller unit 72D activates at least one of the generation devices. a first level alarm 44, 46, 48, 50, 52.

Ensuite, au cours d'une étape 120, la personne 13 répond éventuellement à l'alarme de premier niveau en renvoyant un signal d'acquittement, soit en utilisant le système d'acquittement 66, soit en réalisant l'activité de référence d'acquittement précitée.Then, during a step 120, the person 13 possibly responds to the first level alarm by returning an acknowledgment signal, either by using the acknowledgment system 66, or by carrying out the reference activity of aforementioned acknowledgment.

L'étape 120 est suivie d'une étape 122, au cours de laquelle l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D attend le signal d'acquittement.Step 120 is followed by a step 122, in which the microcontroller unit 72D waits for the acknowledgment signal.

Si aucun signal d'acquittement n'est reçu dans un laps de temps prédéterminé (par exemple 1 minute) suite à la génération de l'alarme de premier niveau (étape 118), l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D active, au cours d'une étape 124, au moins l'un des dispositifs de génération d'une alarme de second niveau 56, 60.If no acknowledgment signal is received within a predetermined time period (for example 1 minute) following the generation of the first level alarm (step 118), the microcontroller unit 72D activates, in the course of a step 124, at least one of the devices for generating a second level alarm 56, 60.

Si le signal d'acquittement est reçu dans le laps de temps prédéterminé suite à la génération de l'alarme de premier niveau, l'unité de microcontrôleur 72D met à jour au cours d'une étape 126 les caractéristiques de référence d'au moins l'une des activités de référence dans la base de données 64 (dans notre exemple, mise à jour de l'activité bruit de pas).If the acknowledgment signal is received within the predetermined time period following the generation of the first level alarm, the microcontroller unit 72D updates in a step 126 the reference characteristics of at least one of the reference activities in the database 64 (in our example, update of the step noise activity).

Il apparaît clairement que l'invention permet d'identifier une situation anormale ou de reconnaître un signal de détresse provenant de personnes vivant seules ou isolées dans un appartement, un immeuble ou plus généralement une zone délimitée de surveillance. En particulier, l'installation de surveillance de l'invention est très efficace pour détecter une chute de personne dans la zone de surveillance, de part l'utilisation de capteurs acoustiques, et en particulier des capteurs acoustiques d'ondes sismiques.It is clear that the invention makes it possible to identify an abnormal situation or to recognize a distress signal coming from persons living alone or isolated in an apartment, a building or more generally a demarcated surveillance zone. In particular, the monitoring installation of the invention is very effective for detecting a fall of people in the surveillance zone, by the use of acoustic sensors, and in particular acoustic sensors of seismic waves.

On notera par ailleurs que l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit précédemment. Il apparaîtra en effet à l'homme de l'art que diverses modifications peuvent être apportées au mode de réalisation décrit ci-dessus, à la lumière de l'enseignement qui vient de lui être divulgué. Dans les revendications qui suivent, les termes utilisés ne doivent pas être interprétés comme limitant les revendications au mode de réalisation exposé dans la présente description, mais doivent être interprétés pour y inclure tous les équivalents que les revendications visent à couvrir du fait de leur formulation et dont la prévision est à la portée de l'homme de l'art en appliquant ses connaissances générales à la mise en oeuvre de l'enseignement qui vient de lui être divulgué.Note also that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the embodiment described above, in the light of the teaching that has just been disclosed. In the following claims, the terms used are not to be construed as limiting the claims to the embodiment set forth in this description, but must be interpreted to include all the equivalents that the claims are intended to cover by reason of their formulation and whose prediction is within the reach of the person skilled in the art by applying his general knowledge to the implementation of the teaching which has just been disclosed to him.

En particulier, les capteurs acoustiques peuvent être adaptés à n'importe quel milieu physique siège de propagation d'ondes, que ce soit un milieu solide, liquide ou gazeux (air).In particular, the acoustic sensors can be adapted to any physical medium wave propagation seat, be it a solid medium, liquid or gaseous (air).

En particulier également, le dispositif de traitement 32 n'est pas nécessairement disposé dans la zone de surveillance. Il peut être déporté à distance, notamment dans un centre de surveillance de plusieurs zones de surveillance.In particular also, the treatment device 32 is not necessarily disposed in the surveillance zone. It can be remotely deported, including a monitoring center of several surveillance zones.

Claims (6)

  1. A facility (14) for monitoring a predetermined delineated monitoring area (10), comprising:
    - at least one acoustic sensor (16, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30) arranged in the monitoring area (10) and designed to convert an acoustic wave picked up following the occurrence of an activity in the monitoring area (10) into an information signal,
    - a processing device (32) designed for receiving the information signal,
    - a system (34) for transmitting the information signal to the processing device (32),
    - a system for transmitting at least one alarm (42), and
    - a database (64) comprising, for each of at least one predetermined reference activity whose occurrence is likely to generate acoustic waves in the monitoring area (10), reference characteristics relating to said predetermined reference activity,
    and the processing device (32) including an analysis system (72) designed to:
    - analyze the information signal according to the reference characteristics of at least one predetermined reference activity of the database (64), and
    - activate the system for transmitting at least one alarm (42) according to the analysis of the information signal.
    characterized in that it comprises, in the monitoring area (10), at least one acoustic sensor (16, 18, 20, 22) detecting seismic waves propagating in a solid medium (10B), and in that:
    - the system for transmitting at least one alarm (42) includes a device, arranged in the monitoring area (10), for generating a level one alarm (44, 46) and a device for generating, to outside of the monitoring area (10), a level two alarm (56, 60), and
    - the analysis system (72) is designed to receive an acknowledgment signal and to:
    • activate the device for generating the level two alarm (56, 60) if no acknowledgment signal is received in a predetermined time period following the generation of the level one alarm, and
    • update the reference characteristics of a predetermined reference activity in the database (64) if an acknowledgment signal is received in said predetermined time period following the generation of the level one alarm.
  2. A monitoring facility (14) according to claim 1, further comprising an acknowledgement device (68, 70) arranged in the monitoring area (10) and able to be activated by a user for generating the acknowledgment signal.
  3. A monitoring facility (14) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the analysis system (72) is designed to:
    - select, from the reference characteristics in the database, a predetermined reference activity from the database (64) that corresponds to the activity, known as the detected activity, from which the information signal results,
    - record a value related to a time when the detected activity occurred and associate this value to the selected reference activity, and
    - determine whether to activate the system for transmitting at least one alarm (42) based on at least this value and the reference activity to which it is associated.
  4. A monitoring facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the database (64) comprises, for each of a set of predetermined reference activities, reference characteristics relating to each predetermined reference activity.
  5. A method for monitoring (14) a predetermined delineated monitoring area (10), comprising the following steps:
    - receive an information signal obtained from a conversion carried out by an acoustic sensor for an acoustic wave resulting from an occurrence of an activity in the monitoring area (10),
    - analyze the information signal from reference characteristics related to at least one predetermined reference activity, and
    - transmit at least one alarm (42) based on this analysis,
    characterized in that the sensor is an acoustic sensor (16, 18, 20, 22) for seismic waved propagating in a solid medium (10B) and in that the transmission of at least one alarm (42) includes the generation of a level one alarm (44, 46) and:
    - the generation of a level two alarm (56, 60) if no acknowledgment signal is received in a predetermined time period following the generation of the level one alarm,
    - an update to the reference characteristics of at least one predetermined reference activity if an acknowledgment signal is received in said predetermined time period following the generation of the level one alarm.
  6. A computer program that can be downloaded from a communication network and/or saved on a computer-readable medium and/or executed by a processor, characterized in that it comprises instructions for executing the steps of a method for monitoring according to claim 5, when said program is executed on a computer.
EP10778690.7A 2009-10-13 2010-09-30 System and method for monitoring a delimited and predetermined zone with an acoustic sensor. Not-in-force EP2489024B1 (en)

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FR0957175A FR2951303B1 (en) 2009-10-13 2009-10-13 INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR MONITORING A DEDICATED AND PREDETERMINED AREA USING AT LEAST ONE ACOUSTIC SENSOR
PCT/FR2010/052075 WO2011045500A1 (en) 2009-10-13 2010-09-30 Facility and method for monitoring a defined, predetermined area using at least one acoustic sensor

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EP2489024A1 (en) 2012-08-22
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US20120262294A1 (en) 2012-10-18
US8830059B2 (en) 2014-09-09

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