EP2288770B1 - Device for demolishing constructions - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for breaking off structures, such as e.g. Chimneys, cooling towers, silos or the like, consisting of at least one excavator with at least one demolition tool, at least one frame on which the excavator is arranged, wherein the device is placed on the upper edge of the building and this breaks off piecewise from above and wherein on the Frame at least three trusses are provided, of which at least one of the trusses is variable in length.

Methods and apparatus for chimney demolition are known in the art. For example, this is a solution known in which a small excavator is used, which hangs during the demolition work by means of a cable hanger on a wire and is guided at the upper end of the chimney, the excavator by means of tools on the extension arm sections for his feet ever new support and leadership breaks out, so that the crawler can work down.

From this prior art also results in a device, wherein the small excavator has an undercarriage and a relative to the undercarriage about a vertical axis rotatable superstructure. The upper carriage has a frame for connection to and for suspending the small excavator on a crane rope, while four feet are provided for guiding and optionally partial support at the upper end of the chimney on the undercarriage. This solution has the disadvantage that it must constantly hang on a crane cable during the intended use. For this reason, the solution is relatively expensive, since the provision of a crane over the entire duration of a chimney break naturally causes corresponding penalties. Furthermore, the solution according to the prior art is relatively uncertain, since the feet rest without guidance on the building edge, here a chimney.

DE 29812795 such as DE 3635597 show devices for breaking off structures such as chimneys or cooling towers, which are placed on the upper edge of the building. However, the adaptation to different diameters of the structures is only conditionally possible, since the length adjustment of the trusses proves to be particularly complex due to the design.

From the prior art, it is also known to use an excavator, which has on its undercarriage trusses, with which it rests on the masonry or the edge of a chimney. These trusses also carry a protective platform. Again, it is given that the trusses so to speak unguided rest on the edge of the building, so that it can cause slipping due to the vibrations resulting from the demolition work. Also, the provision of the protective platform on the trusses is relatively expensive, since the protective platform during the demolition process and the associated "climb down" and the protective platform must be repositioned again and again. One Adapting to different building sizes is not possible with the device of the prior art.

Another solution of the prior art is characterized by a platform which has laterally towards the interior of the building out support stamp to fix the platform. Furthermore, additional support arms are necessary, which hold the device on the building. The solution is quite complicated and particularly disadvantageous in that the demolition excavator or the demolition device is in the normal workflow below the top of the structure to be demolished.

Furthermore, two solutions of the prior art are known in which the excavator on the underside, for example on the chassis frame lateral pressure punches are provided, which attack on both sides of the wall of the structure to be demolished. For a movement of the demolition excavator on the building edge, the stamp must be solved to allow movement. This variant of a demolition device can be used in particular only with appropriate wall thicknesses of the building. For narrow abbruch building walls this solution is not applicable.

Furthermore, a marked by an extremely complicated structure solution of a device for breaking a chimney or a cooling tower is known in which an extremely complicated structure structure must be arranged on the building. It already trusses are used, however, rest on the side of the building, which hinders the demolition process. For this reason, it is necessary to lift the entire apparatus for each transfer. Furthermore, a widenable support is provided on which the demolition device, for example a demolition excavator, is located. This stage is laterally with appropriate hydraulic stamps directly supported on the building. It is disadvantageous that the supports are stationary and must be implemented for a peripheral demolition each.

The solutions according to the prior art are therefore characterized by a complicated structure and in particular are not easily adaptable to different structures, for example, with different structural diameter or different structural dimensions. Furthermore, the previously described solutions are far from the current working standards according to today's standards, since it lacks the necessary guidance and a slip resistance.

Another disadvantage of the solutions of the prior art is indicated by the fact that they are quite expensive, for example, by the constant use of a crane or by the complicated structure of the device itself. In addition, the device must be rebuilt or changed for each new task.

Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a device for demolition of buildings or the like, which is cheaper to produce compared to the known from the prior art solutions and universally on different structures, in particular safer to use.

The invention is based on the prior art described above and proposes to achieve the object an apparatus for breaking off structures according to the features of claim 1 before.

By means of this solution according to the invention, it is now possible, as it were, to provide a universal device for breaking off structures which can be adapted without difficulty to different dimensions or diameters of structures which are to be broken off. Furthermore, it is ensured by the adaptation of the frame to different dimensions of the structure also a safer guidance during the demolition process. There are corresponding guide and / or securing means available, which prevent slipping or slipping of the frame or the truss supporting the frame. Due to the modular design of the device, it is also more cost-effective to produce and adaptable in particular with much less effort to change demolition tasks.

Preferred embodiments are defined by the dependent claims.

Fig. 1 - 3:

Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in verschiedenen Stellungen auf dem Bauwerk;

Fig. 4:

Detaildarstellung von den Figuren 1-3 in vergrößerter Darstellung;

Fig. 5a, 5b:

Ansicht von hinten und DetaildarStellung der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung;

Fig. 6:

Ansicht der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung schräg von oben;

Fig. 7:

Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;

Fig. 8:

Vorderansicht der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung;

Fig. 9:

Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung mit zwei Baggern und

Fig. 10 bis 13:

weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung und Detaildarstellungen von bestimmten Merkmalen, wobei die Ausführungsform nach Fig.12 nicht unter den Erfindungsgegenstand fällt.

The invention will be further described by means of embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1 - 3:

Variant of the device according to the invention in various positions on the structure;

4:

Detail of the Figures 1-3 in an enlarged view;

5a, 5b:

Rear view and detail display the device according to the invention;

Fig. 6:

View of the device according to the invention obliquely from above;

Fig. 7:

Side view of the device according to the invention;

Fig. 8:

Front view of the device according to the invention;

Fig. 9:

Embodiment of the device according to the invention with two excavators and

10 to 13:

Further embodiment of the invention and detailed representations of certain features, wherein the embodiment according to Figure 12 does not fall under the subject of the invention.

The Fig. 1 to 8 are described below in the context as they show the device either in different positions or as a detail as shown in FIG Fig. 1 is shown.

Fig. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the invention, wherein the device is shown in different positions on the structure I. The building I is shown only schematically and is intended, for example, a structure to be aborted, such as a chimney, represent.

On the upper edge of the structure I, the device according to the invention with the frame 2 is placed. On the frame 2 of the excavator 1 is arranged. The excavator 1 carries a demolition tool, in this embodiment, a demolition tongs 3. This demolition tongs 3, as can be seen, hydraulically driven. Of course, it is also possible to provide a demolition hammer or the like as a demolition tool. The frame 2 is formed by at least three trusses 4, 5, 6, wherein the frame 2 at the same time also provides the platform for the excavator 1 available. It is possible to design this platform rotatable, whereby the excavator has a greater mobility and the pivoting movement of the device can be done in whole sections. According to the invention, one of the traverses 6 is variable in length or displaceable or arranged in the frame 2. In the embodiment, as in the Figures 1 - 3 is shown, the cross member 6 is shown as a so-called lattice mast, which is segmentally composed of individual segments 61, 62, 63. These lattice boom segments may be bolted together or otherwise connected together.

The in the Fig. 1 front trusses 4, 5 are both height-adjustable and laterally pivotally provided on the frame 2, so that they can be used universally. This allows movement of the device on the edge of the building.

As can be seen, the trusses 4, 5 provided by means of corresponding joints on the frame, so that they can be pivoted both in height and in its horizontal position.

Since in this representation is not apparent that the height-adjustable trusses 4, 5 each have a height adjustment, such. the hydraulic cylinders 44, 54.

These hydraulic cylinders grip, as from the Fig. 4 can be seen on hinge pins of the cross-member forming struts 42, 43 and 52, 53 as well as on hinge pins of truss elements 41 and 51 on. They are advantageously arranged diagonally, so that the height adjustment can be done easily. This system is a very space-saving arrangement. As can be seen in this case are the struts 43 and 53 respectively provided at corresponding ends with recesses, so that the hydraulic cylinder 44 gets corresponding freedom of movement. The same solution is also practiced on the traverse 5, so that it will not be described again here.

The lateral pivoting is, as from the Fig. 4 can be seen, by a drive 22, in this embodiment also causes a hydraulic cylinder. In order for a lateral pivoting of the trusses 4, 5 is possible, so that at the same time a rotational movement or forward relationship way backward movement on the structure I is made possible. The traverse 6 is guided in a tunnel-like guide 21 of the frame 2. There are different variants of the embodiment, on the one hand such that the traverse 6 is introduced and fixed there and the segments 61, 62, 63 .. be added depending on the diameter or dimension of the building. Another variant is the telescopic design of the traverse. 6

Another variant is the Längsverschieblichckeit within the undercarriage 21st

The Fig. 5a, 5b show the design after Fig. 1 in another position or in a detail, in this case, in particular the struts 52, 53 and the hydraulic cylinder 54 are more visible. All other reference numerals have already been presented. The device carries at each traverse a guide roller 7, 8, 9. This guide roller is formed pivotable at least on the trusses 4, 5 relative to the traverse. For this purpose she has a joint on the side facing the traverse. All guide rollers are provided with a support surface which is preferably grooved or grooved. Further, guide plates 71, 72 and 81, 82 and 91, 92 are provided, which guide the guide roller 7, 8, 9 on the structure I. In a representation, not shown, the distance of the guide discs 71-72, 81-82 and 91-92 is mutually variable.

The Fig. 6 shows the device according to the invention in a diagonally from above recorded position. All reference numerals have already been presented and here again designate the same features.

To Fig. 7 is the same thing to hold on. Here is a side view shown.

Fig. 8 shows a front view obliquely from below or diagonally from below. Again, like reference numerals have been used again.

In the Fig. 9 a particularly advantageous variant of the device according to the invention is shown. Here is on the cross member 6, which is designed as a lattice mast, respectively on opposite sides of an excavator 1 or 1 'arranged. Of course, this makes it possible to substantially increase the efficiency of such a device, as can be seen. All other features are realized in the same way as previously in the embodiment with only one excavator 1 on both excavators 1 and 1 '.

The Fig. 10 . 11 and 13 show both a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, and in particular details of this and the previously described embodiment. The details are therefore not only on the design of the non-inventive Fig. 12 limited, but also in different other previously described variants of the invention can be used. That's how it shows Fig. 10 a detail of a device according to the invention, in which the variable-length traverse 6 is formed as a square tube. This is evident in cross section. On this length-adjustable traverse 6, a sleeve 67 is slidably disposed. The displaceability is indicated schematically by the guide grooves 66. These can for example also be provided with a rack in order to move the sleeve relative to the traverse can. The representation here is only to be understood schematically. On the sleeve 67 is rotatably seated the roller 9. In the illustration, in this case only the outer guide roller 91 can be seen, which is provided with reinforcing struts 91/1. The rotation of the roller 9 is effected in the illustrated variant by a ball bearing, whose balls are designated by the reference numeral 91/2.

The Fig. 11 a and 11b show further details for an embodiment of the device according to the invention. Here are the refer Fig. 11 a and 11 b on the one hand on the mobility of the guide roller 9 in the direction of the double arrow. The guide plate of the tread 9 again bears the reference numeral 91.

Also drawn in section is a part of the length-adjustable traverse 6, namely a segment 61. At this segment 61 there is a first connection interface 610, which is provided with an in Fig. 11b shown correspondingly formed connection interface 611 is connectable to the segment 62. Of course, the connection interface is only to be understood schematically. As can be seen from both figures, the guide roller 9 can be moved with the sleeve 67 shown here schematically by a dashed line. The displaceability is designed so cleverly that the guide roller can be displaced both on the segment 61 and on the segment 62.

The Fig. 11c again shows a detail of the solution according to the invention, in which the guide roller 9 is rotatably mounted on a segment or segment piece 62. This is in turn achieved with a sleeve 67, which is arranged above the Segmet 62 and is also provided on this displaceable. This is again indicated by the double arrow. However, the displaceability is not only to be seen on the segment 62 with respect to the displaceability of the roller 9 on this segment, but also with regard to the insertion of the segment 62 or segment part 62 into the segment 61. The embodiment according to FIG Fig. 11c However, it should also be understood that instead of the segment 62, a separate support for the impeller 9 is provided, which can be inserted into the respective outer segment, in order to be able to apply or attach a further segment to the impeller, if an extension necessary is. The invention encompasses both variants described here.

The Fig. 12 shows an embodiment which does not fall under the claimed invention, which is characterized in that a variable length Traverse 6 is formed for example of three segment parts 61, 62 and 63. The first segment 61 is arranged or formed directly on the base frame 21 and the variable length traverse is not displaced in its entirety relative to the frame. Accordingly, this forms, as it were, a part of the undercarriage 21. A hydraulic cylinder 64, which is provided for the length variability of the variable length traverse 6, is provided between the underframe 21 and the segment 62 of the variable length traverse 6. The hydraulic cylinder 64 is connected with its piston rod via a clamp 66 with the segment 62. Serve example, schematically indicated fastening bolts, which is inserted into one of the through holes 65 and is carried out. Of course, you can secure these bolts either by means of lock washers or cotter pins or screwed. As you can see from the illustration, it is possible to position the segment 62 differently using, for example, another through bore 65. Of course, it is also possible by the variable position of the piston to change the length-adjustable traverse 6 in their length. The roller 9 is seated in the illustrated variant now on an angled outer support 68. This support 68 is disposed directly on the outer segment 63 or is provided with a short segment piece as a single coupling element for the roller 9 including the carrier 68, so to speak. With a larger circle, a cutout 13 is shown, which denotes the cutout in the Fig. 13 is shown. Here are some of the already described details even better visible. Overall, it should be noted that the reference numerals are used consistently in all figures, so that individual features in each case new figures are not presented in their entirety again, unless this is not required for understanding. The Fig. 12 shows yet another embodiment of the demolition tool, namely here in the form of a demolition hammer 3/1. This is attached to a boom 100, which has two necessary for adjusting further lifting cylinder 101, 102.

The Fig. 13 shows that in Fig. 12 already presented detail of the arrangement of the roller 9 at the outer end of the variable length traverse. 6

• Nachdem sie auf dem Bauwerksrand oben aufgesetzt bzw. montiert wurde, beginnt die Abbruchzange 3 stückweise und bevorzugt etwas schräg nach unten verlaufend, das Bauwerk von oben her abzubrechen. Dabei entsteht zwischen den Führungsrollen 7, 8 ein gewisser Höhenversatz, der mittels der Höhenverstellbarkeit der Traversen 4, 5 ausgeglichen werden kann. Die seitliche Verschwenkung bzw. Bewegung erfolgt durch im wesentlichen horizontales Verschwenken und der Traversen 4, 5. Diese werden, wie bereits erwähnt, durch den Antrieb 22 als Hydraulikzylinder angetrieben. Auf diese Weise kann sich die Vorrichtung sozusagen von oben nach unten arbeiten und benötigt dazu keinerlei Hebezeug und auch keine entsprechenden Sicherungsvorrichtungen, da die Bagger selbst geschlossene Kabinen besitzen und zudem eigene Sicherungsgeländer.

The operation of the device is as follows:

• After it has been placed on top of the building edge or mounted, the demolition pliers 3 starts piece by piece and preferably slightly sloping down to break off the structure from above. This creates between the guide rollers 7, 8 a certain height offset, which can be compensated by means of the height adjustment of the trusses 4, 5. The lateral pivoting or movement takes place by a substantially horizontal Pivoting and the trusses 4, 5. These are, as already mentioned, driven by the drive 22 as a hydraulic cylinder. In this way, the device can work, so to speak, from top to bottom and does not require any hoist and no corresponding safety devices, as the excavators have self-contained cabins and also own safety railings.

The claims now filed with the application and later are attempts to formulate without prejudice to the attainment of further protection.

If, on closer examination, in particular also of the relevant prior art, it appears that one or the other feature is beneficial for the purpose of the invention, but not of decisive importance, it is of course already desired to formulate such a feature , in particular in the main claim, no longer having.

It should further be noted that the embodiments and variants of the invention described in the various embodiments and shown in the figures can be combined with one another as desired. Here, one or more features are arbitrarily interchangeable. These feature combinations are also disclosed with.

The references cited in the dependent claims indicate the further development of the subject matter of the main claim by the features of the respective subclaim. However, these are not to be understood as a waiver of obtaining independent, objective protection for the features of the dependent claims.

Features that have been disclosed so far only in the description, may be in the course of the process as essential to the invention Meaning, for example, to delineate claimed by the prior art.

Features which have been disclosed only in the description, or also individual features of claims comprising a plurality of features, may at any time be included in the first claim for distinction from the prior art, even if such features are associated with others Characteristics were mentioned or achieve particularly favorable results in connection with other features.

Claims (15)

1. Device for demolishing structures (I), such as chimneys, cooling towers, silos, or the like, wherein the device (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) can be placed on the upper edge of the structure (I) and consists of at least one demolition device (1, 3), for example, an excavator (1) with at least one demolition tool (3), at least one frame (2) upon which the demolition device (1, 3) is arranged, wherein at least three crossbeams (4, 5, 6) or support arms are provided on the frame (2), at least one of the crossbeams (6) being length-adjustable, characterized in that the length-adjustable crossbeam (6) is designed as tube and/or lattice mast in a module-like manner from individual segments (61, 62, 63) which are designed so as to be connectable with and removable from one another, and that the frame (2) is adjustable to different diameters or dimensions of the structure (I) such that the length-adjustable crossbeam (6) is arranged in a displaceable manner in or on the frame (2).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that an underframe (21) is provided on the frame (2) and the underframe (21) is designed so as to be tunnel-shaped in order to receive the displaceable length-adjustable crossbeam (6) and/or to guide said crossbeam (6) during at least one adjustment process.
3. Device according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that a first segment (61) of the length-adjustable crossbeam (6) is designed so as to be a tunnel or a telescopic tube in order to guide or receive at least one further segment (62, 63).
4. Device according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that at least the length-adjustable crossbeam (6) is designed so as to be a square, rectangular, oval, triangular, or round tube, or the length-adjustable crossbeam (6) is designed so as to be a lattice mast as used, for example, on lifting equipment.
5. Device according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that connection interfaces (610, 611) designed so as to be corresponding to one another are arranged on the connectable segments (61, 62, 63) of the length-adjustable crossbeam (6) on each of the sides facing one another or to be connected to one another, and/or the length-adjustable crossbeam (6) is designed so as to be telescope-shaped or telescopable, and/or a hydraulic cylinder (64) engages on at least one part of the length-adjustable crossbeam (6) in order to adjust the desired length of the crossbeam.
6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (64) in the alternative embodiments with hydraulic cylinder (64) is arranged between the frame (2) or underframe (21) and at least one displaceable segment (62) of the length-adjustable crossbeam (6).
7. Device according to one of the previous claims 5 and 6, characterized in that at least two attachment points with corresponding fasteners are provided on the telescopable or displaceable segment (62) of the length-adjustable crossbeam (6) for attaching one end of the hydraulic cylinder (64), preferably the piston rod, and/or throughbores (65) are provided as fasteners in the crossbeam with corresponding mounting bolts (651) and a clamp (66) to be attached to the hydraulic cylinder (64) or the piston rod, and/or the demolition device, relative to the outer diameter of the device or the structure to be demolished, said outer diameter being defined by the at least three crossbeams (4, 5, 6), is arranged asymmetrically on the device.
8. Device according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that two crossbeams (4, 5) are provided heightadjustably on the frame (2), and the height-adjustable crossbeams (4, 5) preferably have at least two struts (42, 43, 52, 53) which each are arranged in an articulated manner on the frame (2) and one of the crossbeam elements (41, 51), and a height-adjustment device, for example, a hydraulic cylinder (44, 54), is preferably each arranged between the struts and which preferably diagonally connects pivot bolts of the struts (42, 43, 52, 53) on the frame and the corresponding crossbeam element (41, 51).
9. Device according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the crossbeams (4, 5), relative to the frame (2), are pivotable in substantially horizontal orientation, and a drive (22), e.g. a further hydraulic cylinder, is preferably provided for the pivotal movement of each of the crossbeams (4, 5).
10. Device according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that at least one guide roller (7, 8, 9) each is arranged rotatably and/or in an articulated manner at the end of each crossbeam (4, 5, 6), each guide roller (7, 8, 9) preferably having running surfaces which are preferably provided with transverse grooves, and/or each guide roller (7, 8, 9) has a guide disk (71, 81, 91) at least on one end, preferably has a guide disk (71-72, 81-82, 91-92) on each end, for guiding the guide roller (7, 8, 9) at the edge, and the distance of the guide disks (71-72, 81-82, 91-92) on both ends is preferably changeable or adjustable.
11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that at least the guide roller (9), which is arranged on or on top of the length-adjustable crossbeam (6), is rotatably arranged directly on the outer segment (63) of the length-adjustable crossbeam (6), wherein the guide roller (9) rotates over the crossbeam (6), at least the outer segment (63) of the crossbeam (6) holds a sleeve (67), on which the guide roller (9) is rotatably arranged, the guide roller (9) and/or the sleeve (67) are provided in a displaceable manner on the crossbeam, particularly on the outer segment (63).
12. Device according to one of the claims 10 or 11, characterized in that at least one, preferably both guide disks (71-72, 81-82, 91-92) of each guide roller (7, 8, 9) is arranged angularly, particularly at an obtuse angle in terms of the running surface, and/or either the guide roller (9) and/or the sleeve (91) is mechanically, pneumatically, hydraulically, or electromechanically displaceable on the crossbeam (6) or its outer segment (63), and/or at least the guide roller (9) arranged on the length-adjustable crossbeam (6) is arranged on a preferably angled outer carrier (68), and the carrier (68) is preferably slidable into or on the length-adjustable crossbeam (6), particularly its outer segment (62, 61).
13. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the frame (2) is rotatable with regard to the underframe (21), and/or the demolition device in the form of an excavator (1) is rotatably arranged on the frame (2), and/or two excavators (1, 1') are provided as demolition device which are both arranged with their frame (2, 2') on opposite sides of the length-adjustable crossbeam (6) designed as tube or lattice mast, and/or at least one attachment interface is provided on each of the outer ends of the crossbeam (4, 5, 6) for attaching an outer protective tray , a collection device, for example, a sifter held by carriers, a platform, or the like.
14. Device according to one or several of the previous claims, characterized in that demolition pliers (3), particularly hydraulically actuated demolition pliers, are provided as demolition tool, and/or a demolition hammer (3/1) or a demolition chisel is provided as demolition tool.
15. Device according to one or several of the previous claims, characterized by a modular design of the device such that at least all main components of the device are designed as replacement or add-on module with corresponding connection interfaces.

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