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EP1998032A2 - Procédé d'évaluation de l'état d'un mélange air/carburant - Google Patents

Procédé d'évaluation de l'état d'un mélange air/carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1998032A2
EP1998032A2 EP08103645A EP08103645A EP1998032A2 EP 1998032 A2 EP1998032 A2 EP 1998032A2 EP 08103645 A EP08103645 A EP 08103645A EP 08103645 A EP08103645 A EP 08103645A EP 1998032 A2 EP1998032 A2 EP 1998032A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
flame
signals
mixture
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08103645A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1998032A3 (fr
EP1998032B1 (fr
Inventor
Ernst Winklhofer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AVL List GmbH
Original Assignee
AVL List GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AVL List GmbH filed Critical AVL List GmbH
Publication of EP1998032A2 publication Critical patent/EP1998032A2/fr
Publication of EP1998032A3 publication Critical patent/EP1998032A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1998032B1 publication Critical patent/EP1998032B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/022—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions using an optical sensor, e.g. in-cylinder light probe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods for evaluating the state of a fuel / air mixture and / or combustion in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, wherein pattern signals of flame light signals, preferably the flame intensity, are stored in a database with assigned mixture states, wherein flame light signals, preferably the flame intensity, the combustion in the combustion chamber are detected and thus compared with the stored pattern signals, and wherein in agreement between measured and stored signal patterns on the state of the mixture in the combustion chamber is closed.
  • a combustion detector for internal combustion engines wherein within a cylinder, the flame radiation in the visible and / or infrared range by means of a quartz window in the cylinder wall or in the cylinder head is measured. The detection of the radiation is used to control the ignition timing or to detect the speed or misfires.
  • the WO 97/31251 discloses a fiber optic pressure sensor for detecting knocking and misfiring in an internal combustion engine.
  • optical pressure sensors are integrated in a spark plug.
  • the US 5,659,133 A describes a high-temperature optical sensor for the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, with which variables for a control of the combustion system can be provided.
  • the optical signals are processed in a transducer to detect in real time events such as spark, start of combustion and end of combustion, misfires and knocking phenomena.
  • the information obtained is used to control the roughness of the motor and the cycle stability.
  • specific flame colors can be used to make statements about the combustion temperature and the emissions produced.
  • the EP 0 412 578 A2 discloses a method for knock detection in an internal combustion engine by means of the combustion chamber associated optical combustion sensors.
  • the combustion sensors measure the flame intensity of the combustion or the combustion temperature within the cylinder.
  • the signals are compared with a defined threshold. A knocking phenomenon is recognized as such when the signal level provided by the optical sensor is below the threshold value.
  • JP 63-105262 A a method for controlling the air / fuel ratio in an internal combustion engine, wherein the flame light is detected in a combustion chamber by an optical sensor and the amount of fuel supplied to a carburetor in response to the detected value of the optical sensor corresponding to the air / fuel ratio is controlled.
  • the object of the invention is to allow in an internal combustion engine accurate monitoring of the mixture state and combustion in a simple manner.
  • this is achieved by carrying out a pressure measurement in the cylinder simultaneously with the detection of the flame-light signals
  • the pattern signals may be recorded from measurements under known operating and emission conditions, or derived from theoretical considerations of mixture formation and combustion. However, it is also possible for pattern signals to be generated from a mathematical combination of flame-light signals and cylinder-pressure signals or signals derived therefrom, such as, for example, the course of heat release.
  • a time signal preferably a crank angle signal
  • the flame light signals are assigned to the time signal. This makes it possible that from the position and the course of the flame signal on the mixture state, ignition, combustion start and end, misfires and knocking phenomena, as well as the type of combustion is concluded.
  • the cylinder pressure peaks are compared with the flame light signal peaks within at least one cycle, whereby a deviation between the cylinder pressure peaks and the light signal peaks on an irregular combustion, especially in transient engine operation, is closed.
  • a significant advantage of the method according to the invention is that the information is present in a cycle-specific manner for each cylinder. This allows a special Accurate control of combustion in real time, which can significantly improve exhaust emissions.
  • dimensionless characteristic values are formed on the basis of the flame-light signals and / or the pressure-measuring signals and the characteristic values of the assessment of the mixture state and / or the combustion are used as a basis.
  • the flame intensity is measured via an optical sensor and at the same time a signal, for example a crank angle signal for a time assignment, is detected.
  • a signal for example a crank angle signal for a time assignment.
  • the flame intensity curve F I associated with a time signal gives information about the phase position and about the presence of irregular or regular combustion.
  • the cylinder pressure p is measured in addition to the flame intensity F I.
  • Fig. 1 shows the flame intensity F I and the cylinder pressure p, plotted against the crank angle KW.
  • the flame intensity F I runs synchronously with the cylinder pressure p or with the heating process.
  • the maximum values F Im ,, p m of the flame intensity F I and the cylinder pressure p lie at the same crank angle KW.
  • Flame intensity F I- cylinder pressure p diagram runs the curve 1 with no, or only low hysteresis, wherein the curve 1 has a single pronounced maximum value 2 for the flame intensity F I and the cylinder pressure p.
  • the cylinder pressure p increases during the compression phase, after ignition, the flame intensity F I increases .
  • Both signals reach a maximum at the same time as combustion of premixed charge and return at the same time with low hysteresis.
  • the arrows indicate the direction of passage of the signal loop.
  • Fig. 3 shows a measurement example for heterogeneous combustion. It can clearly be seen that the measurement curves for the flame intensity F I and the cylinder pressure p are phase-shifted and the maximum values for the flame intensity F Im and the cylinder pressure p m are significantly different in time. From the flame intensity curve F I clearly shows the ignition time 3, a partially homogeneous combustion 4 and a late diffusion combustion 5 forth. Placed in one Fig. 4 apparent flame intensity F I- cylinder pressure p-diagram can be seen that the maximum values for the flame intensity F I and the cylinder pressure p on the curve 6 do not coincide and that a significant hysteresis is formed. The cylinder pressure p increases during compression.
  • the flame kernel formation takes place at decreasing cylinder pressure p, only by combustion does the cylinder pressure p rise again.
  • the flame intensity F I reaches a first maximum M1.
  • a second maximum M2 is achieved at the end of the expansion by the combustion of rich mixture zones.
  • the arrows indicate the direction of passage of the signal loop.
  • Fig. 5 shows a measurement example for combustion in uncontrolled pre-ignition.
  • the ignition takes place by annealing operations not described in more detail here already during the early compression phase at low cylinder pressure p. From the course of the flame intensity signal it can be seen that the combustion takes place for the most part already before the top dead center of the compression. Pressure development beyond the extent of compression is not apparent.
  • Flame intensity F I -cylinder pressure p diagram shown increases the flame intensity F I well earlier than the pressure increase.
  • the signal loop is traversed over regular combustion in reverse order.
  • the burning begins by an uncontrolled (irregular) pre-ignition at low pressure. Initially, the flame intensity F I increases , only then does the pressure increase.
  • the signal loop 7 is traversed in reverse order compared to regular ignition. This is underlined by the arrow directions. Again, the maxima of the flame intensity F I and the cylinder pressure do not coincide.
  • a particularly high accuracy can be achieved if cylinder pressure p and flame intensity F I in the combustion chamber are measured at the same location, preferably by the same component. This measuring location should be as close as possible to the ignition location.
  • a sensor spark plug in which both an optical sensor, and a pressure sensor is integrated, a particularly high accuracy can be achieved with the described method.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
EP08103645A 2007-05-31 2008-04-22 Procédé d'évaluation de l'état d'un mélange air/carburant Active EP1998032B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0085907A AT503276B1 (de) 2007-05-31 2007-05-31 Verfahren zur bewertung des zustandes eines kraftstoff/luft-gemisches

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1998032A2 true EP1998032A2 (fr) 2008-12-03
EP1998032A3 EP1998032A3 (fr) 2010-01-20
EP1998032B1 EP1998032B1 (fr) 2010-12-08

Family

ID=38474491

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08103645A Active EP1998032B1 (fr) 2007-05-31 2008-04-22 Procédé d'évaluation de l'état d'un mélange air/carburant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8454353B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1998032B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5372409B2 (fr)
AT (2) AT503276B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502008001976D1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2461009A1 (fr) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-06 AVL List GmbH Procédé d'évaluation de l'état d'un mélange carburant-air
EP3588051A1 (fr) 2018-06-22 2020-01-01 Dr.Ing. h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de visualisation d'un procédé de combustion d'un mélange air-carburant

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5792435B2 (ja) * 2010-05-18 2015-10-14 トヨタ自動車株式会社 火花点火式内燃機関の筒内状態モニタリング装置及び制御装置
US8625098B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2014-01-07 General Electric Company System and method for real-time measurement of equivalence ratio of gas fuel mixture
EP3206017B1 (fr) * 2016-02-09 2018-09-12 Elster GmbH Capteur et dispositif de determination du coefficient d'air d'un melange gaz combustible/air
DE102020007364A1 (de) 2020-12-03 2022-06-09 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Vorrichtung zur optischen Analyse von Flammenlicht und Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Partikelemissionen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3978720A (en) 1974-07-05 1976-09-07 Lumenition Limited Combustion detector for internal combustion engines
JPS63105262A (ja) 1986-10-21 1988-05-10 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd 希薄燃焼式内燃機関における空燃比の制御方法
EP0412578A2 (fr) 1987-04-21 1991-02-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Appareil et méthode de commande de combustion pour moteur à combustion interne
US5659133A (en) 1996-04-22 1997-08-19 Astropower, Inc. High-temperature optical combustion chamber sensor
WO1997031251A1 (fr) 1995-02-21 1997-08-28 Optrand, Inc. Capteurs a fibre optique sensibles a la pression de combustion, permettant de detecter les cognements et les rates d'allumage d'un moteur
FR2816056A1 (fr) 2000-11-02 2002-05-03 Centre Nat Rech Scient Dispositif de mesure de richesse d'une combustion et procede afferent de reglage
JP2005226893A (ja) 2004-02-12 2005-08-25 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 燃焼診断方法および燃焼診断装置

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JPS6390643A (ja) * 1986-10-03 1988-04-21 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の空燃比制御装置
JPS63162952A (ja) * 1986-12-26 1988-07-06 Suzuki Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の燃焼状態制御装置
JPH0794808B2 (ja) * 1987-06-03 1995-10-11 株式会社日立製作所 リーンバーンエンジン制御装置及び制御方法
JPH01170742A (ja) * 1987-12-24 1989-07-05 Mazda Motor Corp エンジンの燃焼状態検出装置
EP0358419A3 (fr) * 1988-09-09 1990-08-16 LUCAS INDUSTRIES public limited company Système de commande pour moteur à combustion interne
JP2830010B2 (ja) * 1989-02-20 1998-12-02 三菱自動車工業株式会社 エンジン出力制御装置
JPH0794814B2 (ja) * 1989-03-18 1995-10-11 株式会社日立製作所 エンジンの点火制御装置
US5219227A (en) * 1990-08-13 1993-06-15 Barrack Technology Limited Method and apparatus for determining burned gas temperature, trapped mass and NOx emissions in an internal combustion engine
JPH0734947A (ja) * 1993-07-14 1995-02-03 Hitachi Ltd 内燃機関の燃焼状態診断装置
JPH07318458A (ja) * 1994-05-27 1995-12-08 Unisia Jecs Corp 筒内圧センサの診断装置
JP3368687B2 (ja) * 1994-09-29 2003-01-20 日産自動車株式会社 内燃機関の空燃比検出装置
US6045353A (en) * 1996-05-29 2000-04-04 American Air Liquide, Inc. Method and apparatus for optical flame control of combustion burners
JP3855481B2 (ja) * 1998-08-12 2006-12-13 株式会社日立製作所 エンジンの診断装置
JP4026103B2 (ja) * 1999-02-19 2007-12-26 株式会社デンソー 内燃機関の燃料噴射量検出装置
JP2000320369A (ja) * 1999-05-10 2000-11-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 副室式ガスエンジンの副室燃料ガス供給量制御装置及び同制御装置を備えた副室式ガスエンジン
US6560526B1 (en) * 2000-03-03 2003-05-06 General Motors Corporation Onboard misfire, partial-burn detection and spark-retard control using cylinder pressure sensing
DE10043864B4 (de) * 2000-09-04 2004-07-08 Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr Verfahren zur Bewertung der Verbrennung bei geschichteter Ladung in Otto-Motoren, vorzugsweise mit Direkteinspritzung
DE10218011A1 (de) * 2002-04-23 2003-11-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Detektion der Beendigung eines Startvorgangs bei einer Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs
AT6753U1 (de) * 2003-07-15 2004-03-25 Avl List Gmbh Verfahren zum betrieb einer dieselbrennkraftmaschine

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3978720A (en) 1974-07-05 1976-09-07 Lumenition Limited Combustion detector for internal combustion engines
JPS63105262A (ja) 1986-10-21 1988-05-10 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd 希薄燃焼式内燃機関における空燃比の制御方法
EP0412578A2 (fr) 1987-04-21 1991-02-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Appareil et méthode de commande de combustion pour moteur à combustion interne
WO1997031251A1 (fr) 1995-02-21 1997-08-28 Optrand, Inc. Capteurs a fibre optique sensibles a la pression de combustion, permettant de detecter les cognements et les rates d'allumage d'un moteur
US5659133A (en) 1996-04-22 1997-08-19 Astropower, Inc. High-temperature optical combustion chamber sensor
FR2816056A1 (fr) 2000-11-02 2002-05-03 Centre Nat Rech Scient Dispositif de mesure de richesse d'une combustion et procede afferent de reglage
JP2005226893A (ja) 2004-02-12 2005-08-25 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 燃焼診断方法および燃焼診断装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2461009A1 (fr) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-06 AVL List GmbH Procédé d'évaluation de l'état d'un mélange carburant-air
EP3588051A1 (fr) 2018-06-22 2020-01-01 Dr.Ing. h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de visualisation d'un procédé de combustion d'un mélange air-carburant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1998032A3 (fr) 2010-01-20
US8454353B2 (en) 2013-06-04
ATE491086T1 (de) 2010-12-15
US20080299505A1 (en) 2008-12-04
EP1998032B1 (fr) 2010-12-08
JP2008298782A (ja) 2008-12-11
AT503276B1 (de) 2010-06-15
DE502008001976D1 (de) 2011-01-20
AT503276A2 (de) 2007-09-15
AT503276A3 (de) 2008-05-15
JP5372409B2 (ja) 2013-12-18

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