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EP1780493A1 - Improved semi-automatic carbine - Google Patents

Improved semi-automatic carbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1780493A1
EP1780493A1 EP06022006A EP06022006A EP1780493A1 EP 1780493 A1 EP1780493 A1 EP 1780493A1 EP 06022006 A EP06022006 A EP 06022006A EP 06022006 A EP06022006 A EP 06022006A EP 1780493 A1 EP1780493 A1 EP 1780493A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
semi
floating mass
rifle according
automatic rifle
carcass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06022006A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1780493B1 (en
Inventor
Alan Botty
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Browning International SA
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Browning International SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1780493A1 publication Critical patent/EP1780493A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1780493B1 publication Critical patent/EP1780493B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/14—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively
    • F41A3/16—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks
    • F41A3/26—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks semi-automatically or automatically operated, e.g. having a slidable bolt-carrier and a rotatable bolt

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an improved semi-automatic rifle.
  • a semi-automatic rifle is provided with a gas-assisted rearming device to allow the automatic resetting of the rifle during firing, that is to say to extract the barrel chamber and eject it and secondly, feed a new cartridge into this chamber.
  • the reset device comprises a gas cylinder whose chamber is in communication with the bore of the barrel through a vent hole and which contains a piston which is in contact with the moving parts which can control the resetting of the rifle.
  • the principle of operation of a semi-automatic rifle is the recovery through the orifice between the barrel and the gas cylinder of a part of the gases emitted by the explosion of the powder of the cartridge before the bullet of this same cartridge is removed from the barrel, that is to say high pressure gas.
  • the moving parts are stopped in their movement by the contact with a damper assembly.
  • This rebound may cause malfunctions in the feeding of the next cartridge or in keeping the moving parts in the open position when firing the last cartridge.
  • the moving parts are provided with a floating mass.
  • This floating mass is sent backward at the same time as the other moving parts by the action of the piston, but is free to continue its movement after the other moving parts are stopped by the contact with the damper.
  • recuperating spring pushes all the moving parts towards the front of the rifle to load a new cartridge into the chamber of the barrel and to find the so-called closed position and thus to end up with the possibility of performing an extra shot.
  • the invention aims to simplify the automatic reset device and improve its operation by reducing the weight on the front of the rifle to ensure a better fluidity in the movements of the rifle.
  • an improved semiautomatic rifle comprising a carcass; a cannon; a slide assembly mounted in the carcass and secured to a set of locks for controlling the rearming and locking of the rifle; an automatic reset device comprising a piston mounted in a gas cylinder whose chamber is in communication with the bore of the barrel through a vent hole, the piston being in contact with a slide head which is connected to the assembly slider and which is mounted in a sliding manner on a guide rod which is integral with the carcass and which is arranged mainly parallel to the axis of the barrel; a floating mass which is traversed by the guide rod and which is slidably mounted in the axial direction of the guide rod between two faces of a housing in the slide head; and a recovery spring mounted around the guide rod and disposed between the carcass and the floating mass, characterized in that the slide head is made at least partially of technical thermoplastic material.
  • thermoplastic material makes it possible to improve the damping capacities.
  • the low density of this material in comparison with the materials currently used, reduces the overall weight of all moving parts and therefore the total weight of the rifle, as well as reducing weight on the rifle. before the rifle since the slide head is located on the front of the rifle.
  • the reduction of the weight of the slider head also allows the reduction of the weight of the floating mass which is part of the set of moving parts, thus allowing a further reduction of the weight on the front of the rifle and a weight ratio of the moving parts and the weight of the floating mass more favorable.
  • the recovery spring consists of a flat wire and not a wire round as there are most known semi-automatic rifles.
  • the flat wire also makes it possible to use the outer surface of the recuperating spring as a guide for the sliding of the floating mass. This solution offers the opportunity to remove the guides and springs of the floating mass which are currently separate parts and thus allows to further reduce the weight on the front of the rifle.
  • the semi-automatic rifle 1 shown in the figures comprises a carcass 2, a barrel 3 mounted at the front of this carcass 2, a butt 4 at the rear of the carcass 2, a not shown fire mechanism which is essentially inside the carcass 1 comprising a percussion mechanism controlled by a trigger 5, and a handguard 6 to hold the rifle 1.
  • the barrel 3 is secured to the carcass 2 and has a bore 7 with a chamber 8 to larger diameter at the entrance of the barrel 3 sized to receive a cartridge.
  • the firing mechanism comprises a feed device for transferring a cartridge from an ammunition magazine not shown in the chamber 8 of the barrel 2, this device essentially comprising a slide assembly 9 mounted in the carcass 2 and slidable in the axial extension. gun 3 between an open position for feeding the cartridge into the chamber 8 and a closed position for enclosing the cartridge in the chamber 8.
  • the slide assembly 9 is integral with a set of bolts 10 for locking the slide assembly 9 in its closed position and an armature lever assembly 11 for manually actuating the slide assembly 9 to load and extract cartridges shot by blow.
  • the firing mechanism also comprises an automatic reset device 11 for actuating the slide assembly 9 automatically after firing in order to extract and eject the socket of the fired cartridge and to automatically reload a new cartridge. .
  • the automatic reset device 12 is covered by the handguard 5 and comprises a piston 13 mounted in a gas cylinder 14 situated at a distance from the chamber 8 of the barrel 3 and whose chamber 15 is in communicating with the bore 7 of the barrel 3 by a vent hole 16.
  • the piston 13 is in contact with a mass called slider head 17 which is connected to the slide assembly 9 by means of two rods 18 and which is mounted in a sliding manner on a guide rod 19, one end of which is integral with the carcass 2 by a retaining pin 20 and whose other end is housed in a bore 21 of the piston 13 to form a stop for the movement of the piston 13.
  • a mass called slider head 17 which is connected to the slide assembly 9 by means of two rods 18 and which is mounted in a sliding manner on a guide rod 19, one end of which is integral with the carcass 2 by a retaining pin 20 and whose other end is housed in a bore 21 of the piston 13 to form a stop for the movement of the piston 13.
  • the guide rod 19 is arranged mainly parallel to the axis of the barrel 3 and has a stop 22 called carcass spacer, itself secured to the carcass 2.
  • the face of the slide head 17 which is in contact with the piston 13 is reinforced by a reinforcing plate 23.
  • the slide head 17 has a housing 24 for a floating mass 25 which has a bore 26 which is traversed by the guide rod 19 so that the floating mass 25 can slide freely in the axial direction of the guide rod 19 between two faces 27 and 28 housing 24.
  • a recuperating spring 29 is mounted around the guide rod 19 and is disposed between the carcass 2 and the floating mass 25.
  • recuperating spring 29 tends to ensure the contact of the floating mass 25 with the front face 27 of its housing 24 and thus to maintain by the rods 18, the complete slide assembly 9 - lock 10 - cocking lever 11 in the closed position to lock the cartridge in the chamber 8 of the barrel 3.
  • the recovery spring is supported on two stops, that is to say at its front end on a stop 30 inside the floating mass 25 and at the front end thereof and to the another end on a stop 31 consisting of a set of two sheets 32 and a damper 33, itself bearing on the frame 2.
  • this stop 31 is provided by the guide rod 19 and the carcass 2.
  • the recuperating spring 29 consists of a flat wire and the outer diameter of the recuperating spring corresponds mainly to the inside diameter of the bore 26 of the floating mass 25 so that the outer surface of the spring recuperator 29 can serve as a guide for sliding of the floating mass 25.
  • the floating mass 29 is preferably also guided by the guide rod 19 and the inner flanks of the slide head 17.
  • the slide head 17 is made entirely or at least partially of technical thermoplastic material, for example a polymer or a polymer loaded with fiberglass treated for impact resistance.
  • the floating mass 25 is made of steel or other material of similar density, for example of high density polymer material.
  • Figure 2 shows the situation where the moving parts are in the closed and locked position and ready for shot when a cartridge is in chamber 8 of the barrel 3.
  • This pressure is also sent into the vent hole 16 and thus into the gas cylinder 14. This causes a translational movement of the piston 13 which strikes the slide head 17.
  • Figure 8 shows the position of moving parts immediately after firing.
  • the firing gases begin to push back the piston 13.
  • the latter strikes the whole of the reinforcing plate 23 and the slide head 17, forcing the retraction of the slide assembly 9 by the rods 18 and the assembly locks 10 to unlock the barrel 3.
  • FIG. 9 shows the end of movement of the piston 13. It is stopped in its axial movement by one end of the guide rod 19.
  • the set of moving parts 9, 10, 11, 17, 18 and 23 continues its course following the energy transmitted by impact with the piston 13.
  • recuperating spring 29 pushes the set of moving parts 9-10-11-17-18-23 towards the front of the rifle 1 in order to automatically feed the chamber 8 with a new cartridge from the magazine and to find the so-called closed position and so to end up with the possibility of making an extra shot.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
  • Passenger Equipment (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Slot Machines And Peripheral Devices (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

The carbine has a slide assembly (9) integrated to a bolt assembly (10) permitting to control resetting and locking of the carbine. An automatic resetting device (12) has a piston (13) contacting a slide head (17) which is placed in front of the carbine. The head is slidingly mounted on a guide rod (19) and is made of technical thermoplastic material e.g. polymer or glass fiber charged polymer, having low density. The rod traverses a floating mass (25) slidingly mounted in an axial direction of the rod, and a recoil spring (29) constituted of a flat wire is mounted around the rod.

Description

L'invention concerne une carabine semi-automatique améliorée.The invention relates to an improved semi-automatic rifle.

Une carabine semi-automatique est pourvue d'un dispositif de réarmement à emprunt de gaz pour permettre le réarmement automatique de la carabine lors du tir, c'est-à-dire pour permettre d'extraire la douille de la chambre du canon et de l'éjecter et d'autre part, d'alimenter une nouvelle cartouche dans cette chambre.A semi-automatic rifle is provided with a gas-assisted rearming device to allow the automatic resetting of the rifle during firing, that is to say to extract the barrel chamber and eject it and secondly, feed a new cartridge into this chamber.

Le dispositif de réarmement comprend un cylindre à gaz dont la chambre est en communication avec l'alésage du canon par un trou d'évent et qui contient un piston qui est en contact avec les pièces mobiles pouvant commander le réarmement de la carabine.The reset device comprises a gas cylinder whose chamber is in communication with the bore of the barrel through a vent hole and which contains a piston which is in contact with the moving parts which can control the resetting of the rifle.

Le principe de fonctionnement d'une carabine semi-automatique est la récupération par l'orifice entre le canon et le cylindre à gaz d'une partie des gaz émis par l'explosion de la poudre de la cartouche avant que la balle de cette même cartouche ne soit sortie du canon, c'est-à-dire des gaz à haute pression.The principle of operation of a semi-automatic rifle is the recovery through the orifice between the barrel and the gas cylinder of a part of the gases emitted by the explosion of the powder of the cartridge before the bullet of this same cartridge is removed from the barrel, that is to say high pressure gas.

Lorsque les gaz viennent en contact avec le piston, ils ont l'effet d'un choc qui envoie les pièces mobiles vers l'arrière et compriment également le ressort placé derrière les pièces mobiles. Les pièces mobiles sont reliées au dispositif de verrouillage de la carabine et leur mouvement vers l'arrière assure le réarmement de la carabine.When the gases come into contact with the piston, they have the effect of a shock that sends the moving parts backwards and also compresses the spring placed behind the moving parts. The moving parts are connected to the rifle lock and their rearward movement ensures the rearming of the rifle.

Les pièces mobiles sont arrêtées dans leur mouvement par le contact avec un ensemble amortisseur.The moving parts are stopped in their movement by the contact with a damper assembly.

Par le choc violant avec l'amortisseur, les pièces mobiles ont tendance à rebondir d'une manière importante générant un retour immédiat et très violent des pièces mobiles.By the violent shock with the damper, the moving parts tend to bounce in a significant way generating an immediate and very violent return of the moving parts.

Ce rebond peut entraîner des disfonctionnements à l'alimentation de la cartouche suivante ou au maintien des pièces mobiles en position ouverte lors du tir de la dernière cartouche.This rebound may cause malfunctions in the feeding of the next cartridge or in keeping the moving parts in the open position when firing the last cartridge.

Afin d'éviter ces disfonctionnements, les pièces mobiles sont pourvues d'une masse flottante.In order to avoid these malfunctions, the moving parts are provided with a floating mass.

Cette masse flottante est envoyée vers l'arrière en même temps que les autres pièces mobiles par l'action du piston, mais est libre de continuer son mouvement après que les autres pièces mobiles sont arrêtées par le contact avec l'amortisseur.This floating mass is sent backward at the same time as the other moving parts by the action of the piston, but is free to continue its movement after the other moving parts are stopped by the contact with the damper.

Par son inertie, la masse flottante poursuit le déplacement vers l'arrière et frappe les autres pièces mobiles. Il en résulte un maintien, pendant un temps très court, de l'ensemble des pièces mobiles dans cette position dite ouverte afin de permettre d'éjecter automatiquement la douille utilisée et d'alimenter une nouvelle cartouche hors du chargeur.By its inertia, the floating mass continues moving backwards and strikes other moving parts. This results in a maintenance, for a very short time, all moving parts in this so-called open position to allow to eject automatically the socket used and feed a new cartridge out of the charger.

Après cette temporisation, le ressort récupérateur repousse l'ensemble des pièces mobiles vers l'avant de la carabine afin de charger une nouvelle cartouche dans la chambre du canon et de retrouver la position dite fermée et ainsi de se retrouver avec la possibilité d'effectuer un tir supplémentaire.After this delay, the recuperating spring pushes all the moving parts towards the front of the rifle to load a new cartridge into the chamber of the barrel and to find the so-called closed position and thus to end up with the possibility of performing an extra shot.

L'invention a pour but de simplifier le dispositif de réarmement automatique et d'améliorer son fonctionnement en réduisant le poids sur l'avant de la carabine afin d'assurer une meilleure fluidité dans les mouvements de la carabine.The invention aims to simplify the automatic reset device and improve its operation by reducing the weight on the front of the rifle to ensure a better fluidity in the movements of the rifle.

Selon l'invention, ce but est atteint par une carabine semi-automatique améliorée comprenant une carcasse; un canon; un ensemble glissière monté dans la carcasse et solidaire d'un ensemble de verrous permettant la commande du réarmement et du verrouillage de la carabine; un dispositif de réarmement automatique comprenant un piston monté dans un cylindre à gaz dont la chambre est en communication avec l'alésage du canon par un trou d'évent, le piston étant en contact avec une tête de glissière qui est reliée à l'ensemble glissière et qui est montée d'une façon coulissante sur une tige guide qui est solidaire de la carcasse et qui est disposée principalement parallèle à l'axe du canon; une masse flottante qui est traversée par la tige guide et qui est montée d'une manière coulissante en direction axiale de la tige guide entre deux faces d'un logement dans la tête de glissière; et un ressort récupérateur monté autour de la tige guide et disposé entre la carcasse et la masse flottante, caractérisée en ce que la tête de glissière est réalisée au moins partiellement en matière thermoplastique technique.According to the invention, this object is achieved by an improved semiautomatic rifle comprising a carcass; a cannon; a slide assembly mounted in the carcass and secured to a set of locks for controlling the rearming and locking of the rifle; an automatic reset device comprising a piston mounted in a gas cylinder whose chamber is in communication with the bore of the barrel through a vent hole, the piston being in contact with a slide head which is connected to the assembly slider and which is mounted in a sliding manner on a guide rod which is integral with the carcass and which is arranged mainly parallel to the axis of the barrel; a floating mass which is traversed by the guide rod and which is slidably mounted in the axial direction of the guide rod between two faces of a housing in the slide head; and a recovery spring mounted around the guide rod and disposed between the carcass and the floating mass, characterized in that the slide head is made at least partially of technical thermoplastic material.

D'une part, le choix de la matière thermoplastique technique permet d'améliorer les capacités d'amortissement.On the one hand, the choice of the technical thermoplastic material makes it possible to improve the damping capacities.

D'autre part, la faible densité de ce matériau en comparaison avec les matériaux utilisés actuellement, permet de réduire le poids global de l'ensemble des pièces mobiles et donc le poids total de la carabine, ainsi que la réduction du poids sur l'avant de la carabine puisque la tête de glissière est située sur l'avant de la carabine.On the other hand, the low density of this material in comparison with the materials currently used, reduces the overall weight of all moving parts and therefore the total weight of the rifle, as well as reducing weight on the rifle. before the rifle since the slide head is located on the front of the rifle.

Sachant que le rapport du poids de la tête de glissière et du poids des pièces mobiles est de préférence une constante, la réduction du poids de la tête de glissière permet aussi la réduction du poids de la masse flottante qui fait partie de l'ensemble des pièces mobiles, permettant ainsi une réduction supplémentaire du poids sur l'avant de la carabine et un rapport de poids des pièces mobiles et du poids de la masse flottante plus favorable.Knowing that the ratio of the weight of the slider head and the weight of the moving parts is preferably a constant, the reduction of the weight of the slider head also allows the reduction of the weight of the floating mass which is part of the set of moving parts, thus allowing a further reduction of the weight on the front of the rifle and a weight ratio of the moving parts and the weight of the floating mass more favorable.

Selon une particularité de l'invention, le ressort récupérateur est constitué d'un fil plat et non d'un fil rond comme là plupart des carabines semi-automatique connues.According to one particularity of the invention, the recovery spring consists of a flat wire and not a wire round as there are most known semi-automatic rifles.

Grâce à l'utilisation d'un fil plat, les caractéristiques de fonctionnement sont améliorées ce qui se traduit par un moins d'avachissement. Aussi, il n'y a pas de risque de superposition des spires du ressort lors de la compression et donc moins de risque de rupture.Thanks to the use of a flat wire, the operating characteristics are improved which results in a less slackening. Also, there is no risk of superposition of the turns of the spring during compression and therefore less risk of rupture.

Le fil plat permet également d'utiliser la surface extérieure du ressort récupérateur comme guide pour le coulissement de la masse flottante. Cette solution offre l'opportunité de supprimer les guides et les ressorts de la masse flottante qui sont actuellement des pièces séparées et permet ainsi de diminuer d'avantage le poids sur l'avant de la carabine.The flat wire also makes it possible to use the outer surface of the recuperating spring as a guide for the sliding of the floating mass. This solution offers the opportunity to remove the guides and springs of the floating mass which are currently separate parts and thus allows to further reduce the weight on the front of the rifle.

Pour plus de clarté, un exemple de réalisation d'une carabine semi-automatique améliorée selon l'invention est décrit ci-après à titre d'illustration et non restrictif, référence étant faite aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue latérale d'une carabine semi-automatique selon l'invention;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe à échelle agrandie de la partie indiquée par F2 à la figure 1;
  • les figures 3 à 4 sont des coupes transversales respectivement selon les lignes III-III, IV-IV et V-V de la figure 2;
  • la figure 6 est une vue perspective de l'ensemble des pièces mobiles indiquée par F6 à la figure 2;
  • la figure 7 est une vue à plus grande échelle de la partie indiquée par F7 à la figure 6;
  • les figures 8 à 11 montrent le fonctionnement de la carabine pendant différentes étapes consécutives du tir.
For the sake of clarity, an exemplary embodiment of an improved semiautomatic rifle according to the invention is described below by way of illustration and not restrictive, reference being made to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a semi-automatic rifle according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the portion indicated by F2 in Figure 1;
  • Figures 3 to 4 are cross-sections respectively along the lines III-III, IV-IV and VV of Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of all moving parts indicated by F6 in Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the portion indicated by F7 in Figure 6;
  • Figures 8 to 11 show the operation of the rifle during different consecutive stages of shooting.

La carabine semi-automatique 1 représentée dans les figures comprend une carcasse 2, un canon 3 monté à l'avant de cette carcasse 2, une crosse 4 à l'arrière de la carcasse 2, un mécanisme de tir non représenté qui se trouve essentiellement à l'intérieur de la carcasse 1 comprenant un mécanisme de percussion commandé par une détente 5, et un garde main 6 pour tenir la carabine 1.The semi-automatic rifle 1 shown in the figures comprises a carcass 2, a barrel 3 mounted at the front of this carcass 2, a butt 4 at the rear of the carcass 2, a not shown fire mechanism which is essentially inside the carcass 1 comprising a percussion mechanism controlled by a trigger 5, and a handguard 6 to hold the rifle 1.

Le canon 3 est solidaire de la carcasse 2 et dispose d'un alésage 7 avec une chambre 8 à plus grand diamètre à l'entrée du canon 3 dimensionnée pour recevoir une cartouche.The barrel 3 is secured to the carcass 2 and has a bore 7 with a chamber 8 to larger diameter at the entrance of the barrel 3 sized to receive a cartridge.

Le mécanisme de tir comprend un dispositif d'alimentation pour transférer une cartouche d'un magasin de munitions non représenté dans la chambre 8 du canon 2, ce dispositif comprenant essentiellement un ensemble glissière 9 monté dans la carcasse 2 et pouvant coulisser dans le prolongement axial du canon 3 entre une position ouverte permettant l'alimentation de la cartouche dans la chambre 8 et une position fermée pour enfermer la cartouche dans la chambre 8.The firing mechanism comprises a feed device for transferring a cartridge from an ammunition magazine not shown in the chamber 8 of the barrel 2, this device essentially comprising a slide assembly 9 mounted in the carcass 2 and slidable in the axial extension. gun 3 between an open position for feeding the cartridge into the chamber 8 and a closed position for enclosing the cartridge in the chamber 8.

L'ensemble glissière 9 est solidaire d'un ensemble de verrous 10 permettant de verrouiller l'ensemble glissière 9 dans sa position fermée et un ensemble manette 11. d'armement permettant d'actionner manuellement l'ensemble glissière 9 pour charger et extraire les cartouches coup par coup.The slide assembly 9 is integral with a set of bolts 10 for locking the slide assembly 9 in its closed position and an armature lever assembly 11 for manually actuating the slide assembly 9 to load and extract cartridges shot by blow.

Le mécanisme de tir comprend également un dispositif de réarmement automatique 11 permettant d'actionner l'ensemble glissière 9 d'une façon automatique après un tir afin d'extraire et d'éjecter la douille de la cartouche tirée et de recharger automatiquement une nouvelle cartouche.The firing mechanism also comprises an automatic reset device 11 for actuating the slide assembly 9 automatically after firing in order to extract and eject the socket of the fired cartridge and to automatically reload a new cartridge. .

Comme représenté à la figure 2, le dispositif de réarmement automatique 12 est couvert par le garde main 5 et comprend un piston 13 monté dans un cylindre à gaz 14 situé à une distance de la chambre 8 du canon 3 et dont la chambre 15 est en communication avec l'alésage 7 du canon 3 par un trou d'évent 16.As shown in FIG. 2, the automatic reset device 12 is covered by the handguard 5 and comprises a piston 13 mounted in a gas cylinder 14 situated at a distance from the chamber 8 of the barrel 3 and whose chamber 15 is in communicating with the bore 7 of the barrel 3 by a vent hole 16.

Le piston 13 est en contact avec une masse dénommée tête de glissière 17 qui est reliée à l'ensemble glissière 9 au moyen de deux tringles 18 et qui est montée d'une façon coulissante sur une tige guide 19 dont une extrémité est solidaire de la carcasse 2 par une goupille de maintien 20 et dont l'autre extrémité est logée dans un alésage 21 du piston 13 pour former une butée pour le mouvement du piston 13.The piston 13 is in contact with a mass called slider head 17 which is connected to the slide assembly 9 by means of two rods 18 and which is mounted in a sliding manner on a guide rod 19, one end of which is integral with the carcass 2 by a retaining pin 20 and whose other end is housed in a bore 21 of the piston 13 to form a stop for the movement of the piston 13.

La tige guide 19 est disposée principalement parallèle à l'axe du canon 3 et dispose d'une butée 22 dénommée entretoise de carcasse, elle-même solidaire de la carcasse 2.The guide rod 19 is arranged mainly parallel to the axis of the barrel 3 and has a stop 22 called carcass spacer, itself secured to the carcass 2.

La face de la tête de glissière 17 qui est en contact avec le piston 13 est renforcée par une tôle de renfort 23.The face of the slide head 17 which is in contact with the piston 13 is reinforced by a reinforcing plate 23.

La tête de glissière 17 comporte un logement 24 pour une masse flottante 25 qui comporte un alésage 26 qui est traversé par la tige guide 19 afin que la masse flottante 25 puisse coulisser librement en direction axiale de la tige guide 19 entre deux faces 27 et 28 du logement 24.The slide head 17 has a housing 24 for a floating mass 25 which has a bore 26 which is traversed by the guide rod 19 so that the floating mass 25 can slide freely in the axial direction of the guide rod 19 between two faces 27 and 28 housing 24.

Un ressort récupérateur 29 est monté autour de la tige guide 19 et est disposé entre la carcasse 2 et la masse flottante 25.A recuperating spring 29 is mounted around the guide rod 19 and is disposed between the carcass 2 and the floating mass 25.

Le ressort récupérateur 29 tend à assurer le contact de la masse flottante 25 avec la face avant 27 de son logement 24 et donc à maintenir par les tringles 18, l'ensemble complet glissière 9 - verrou 10 - manette d'armement 11 en position fermée afin de verrouiller la cartouche dans la chambre 8 du canon 3.The recuperating spring 29 tends to ensure the contact of the floating mass 25 with the front face 27 of its housing 24 and thus to maintain by the rods 18, the complete slide assembly 9 - lock 10 - cocking lever 11 in the closed position to lock the cartridge in the chamber 8 of the barrel 3.

A cette fin, le ressort récupérateur est en appui sur deux butées, c'est-à-dire à son extrémité avant sur une butée 30 à l'intérieur de la masse flottante 25 et à extrémité avant de celle-ci et à l'autre extrémité sur une butée 31 constituée d'un ensemble de deux tôles 32 et d'un amortisseur 33, lui-même en appui sur la carcasse 2.For this purpose, the recovery spring is supported on two stops, that is to say at its front end on a stop 30 inside the floating mass 25 and at the front end thereof and to the another end on a stop 31 consisting of a set of two sheets 32 and a damper 33, itself bearing on the frame 2.

Le positionnement de cette butée 31 est assuré par la tige guide 19 et la carcasse 2.The positioning of this stop 31 is provided by the guide rod 19 and the carcass 2.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention le ressort récupérateur 29 est constitué d'un fil plat et le diamètre extérieur du ressort récupérateur correspond principalement au diamètre intérieur de l'alésage 26 de la masse flottante 25 de façon à ce que la surface extérieure du ressort récupérateur 29 puisse servir de guide pour le coulissement de la masse flottante 25.According to a characteristic of the invention, the recuperating spring 29 consists of a flat wire and the outer diameter of the recuperating spring corresponds mainly to the inside diameter of the bore 26 of the floating mass 25 so that the outer surface of the spring recuperator 29 can serve as a guide for sliding of the floating mass 25.

La masse flottante 29 est de préférence aussi guidée par la tige guide 19 et par les flancs intérieurs de la tête de glissière 17.The floating mass 29 is preferably also guided by the guide rod 19 and the inner flanks of the slide head 17.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention la tête de glissière 17 est réalisée entièrement ou au moins partiellement en matière thermoplastique technique, par exemple un polymère ou un polymère chargé de fibre de verre traité pour la résistance aux chocs.According to another characteristic of the invention the slide head 17 is made entirely or at least partially of technical thermoplastic material, for example a polymer or a polymer loaded with fiberglass treated for impact resistance.

La masse flottante 25 est réalisée en acier ou en un autre matériau à densité similaire, par exemple en matière polymère à haute densité.The floating mass 25 is made of steel or other material of similar density, for example of high density polymer material.

Le fonctionnement de la carabine semi-automatique 1 est illustré par les figures 2 et 8 à 11 qui représentent la situation à différents instants consécutifs du tir.The operation of the semi-automatic rifle 1 is illustrated by Figures 2 and 8 to 11 which represent the situation at different consecutive moments of shooting.

La figure 2 représente la situation où les pièces mobiles se situent en position fermée et verrouillée et prête au tir quand une cartouche se situe dans la chambre 8 du canon 3.Figure 2 shows the situation where the moving parts are in the closed and locked position and ready for shot when a cartridge is in chamber 8 of the barrel 3.

Lors du tir, une pression importante apparaît dans l'alésage 7 du canon 3 à cause des gaz issus du tir par l'allumage de la charge explosive de la cartouche.When firing, significant pressure appears in the bore 7 of the barrel 3 because of the gases from the firing by the ignition of the explosive charge of the cartridge.

Cette pression est également envoyée dans le trou d'évent 16 et donc dans le cylindre à gaz 14. Ceci provoque un mouvement de translation du piston 13 qui heurte la tête de glissière 17.This pressure is also sent into the vent hole 16 and thus into the gas cylinder 14. This causes a translational movement of the piston 13 which strikes the slide head 17.

L'ensemble de la tôle de renfort 23, de la tête de glissière 17 et de la masse flattante 25 effectue un déplacement vers la carcasse 2 à l'encontre du ressort récupérateur 29.The assembly of the reinforcing plate 23, the slide head 17 and the flattening mass 25 moves towards the carcass 2 against the recuperating spring 29.

La figure 8 représente la position des pièces mobiles juste après le tir. Les gaz issus du tir commencent à repousser le piston 13. Ce dernier vient frapper l'ensemble de la tôle de renfort 23 et de la tête de glissière 17, obligeant le recul de l'ensemble glissière 9 par les tringles 18 et l'ensemble de verrous 10 à se déverrouiller du canon 3.Figure 8 shows the position of moving parts immediately after firing. The firing gases begin to push back the piston 13. The latter strikes the whole of the reinforcing plate 23 and the slide head 17, forcing the retraction of the slide assembly 9 by the rods 18 and the assembly locks 10 to unlock the barrel 3.

La figure 9 montre la fin de mouvement du piston 13. Il est stoppé dans son mouvement axial par une extrémité de la tige guide 19. L'ensemble des pièces mobiles 9, 10, 11 17, 18 et 23 poursuit sa course suite à l'énergie transmise par le choc avec le piston 13.FIG. 9 shows the end of movement of the piston 13. It is stopped in its axial movement by one end of the guide rod 19. The set of moving parts 9, 10, 11, 17, 18 and 23 continues its course following the energy transmitted by impact with the piston 13.

Lorsque cet ensemble des pièces mobiles a effectué sa course complète, la tête de glissière 17 vient frapper la butée 31 constituée des deux tôles 32 et de l'amortisseur 33 comme représenté à la figure 10 qui montre l'instant où la tête de glissière 17 entre en contact avec la butée 31.When this set of moving parts has completed its complete travel, the sliding head 17 hits the abutment 31 consisting of two plates 32 and the damper 33 as shown in Figure 10 which shows the moment when the slide head 17 comes into contact with the stop 31.

Ce mouvement de recul des pièces mobiles 9-10-11-17-18-23 permet d'extraire la douille de la cartouche tirée hors de la chambre 8.This movement of the moving parts 9-10-11-17-18-23 makes it possible to extract the socket of the cartridge pulled out of the chamber 8.

Par son inertie, la masse flottante 25 poursuit le déplacement vers la carcasse 2 et frappe la face intérieure arrière 28 de la tête de glissière 17 comme représenté dans la figure 11.By its inertia, the floating mass 25 continues to move towards the carcass 2 and strikes the inside rear face 28 of the slide head 17 as shown in FIG.

Il en résulte un maintien, pendant un temps très court, de l'ensemble des pièces mobiles 9-10-11-17-18-23 dans cette position dite ouverte.This results in a maintenance, for a very short time, of all moving parts 9-10-11-17-18-23 in this so-called open position.

L'éjection de la douille hors de la carabine 1 s'effectue dans cette phase. Les cartouches présentes dans le chargeur de munitions non représenté se stabilisent.The ejection of the socket out of the rifle 1 takes place in this phase. The cartridges present in the ammunition magazine (not shown) stabilize.

Après cette temporisation, le ressort récupérateur 29 repousse l'ensemble des pièces mobiles 9-10-11-17-18-23 vers l'avant de la carabine 1 afin d'alimenter automatiquement la chambre 8 avec une nouvelle cartouche hors du chargeur et de retrouver la position dite fermée et ainsi de se retrouver avec la possibilité d'effectuer un tir supplémentaire.After this delay, the recuperating spring 29 pushes the set of moving parts 9-10-11-17-18-23 towards the front of the rifle 1 in order to automatically feed the chamber 8 with a new cartridge from the magazine and to find the so-called closed position and so to end up with the possibility of making an extra shot.

Le choix des matériaux de la tête de glissière 17 et de la masse flottante 25 est important pour le bon fonctionnement du principe de la masse flottante 25 et donc de la temporisation.The choice of the materials of the slide head 17 and the floating mass 25 is important for the proper functioning of the principle of the floating mass 25 and therefore the time delay.

Il est évident que de nombreuses modifications peuvent être apportées à l'exemple décrit ci-devant, sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention, tel que décrit dans les revendications citées ci-après.It is obvious that many modifications can be made to the example described above, without departing from the scope of the invention, as described in the claims cited below.

Claims (10)

Une carabine semi-automatique améliorée comprenant une carcasse (2); un canon (3); un ensemble glissière (9) montés dans la carcasse (2) et solidaires d'un ensemble de verrou (10) permettant la commande du réarmement et du verrouillage de la carabine (1); un dispositif de réarmement automatique (12) comprenant un piston (13) monté dans un cylindre à gaz (14) dont la chambre (15) est en communication avec l'alésage (7) du canon (3) par un trou d'évent (16), le piston (13) étant en contact avec une tête de glissière (17) qui est reliée à l'ensemble glissière (9) et qui est montée d'une façon coulissante sur une tige guide (19) qui est solidaire de la carcasse (2) et qui est disposée principalement parallèle à l'axe du canon (3); une masse flottante (25) qui est traversée par la tige guide (19) et qui est montée d'une manière coulissante en direction axiale de la tige guide (19) entre deux faces (27, 28) d'un logement (24) dans la tête de glissière (17); et un ressort récupérateur (29) monté autour de la tige guide (19) et disposé entre la carcasse (2) et la masse flottante (25), caractérisé en ce que la tête de glissière (17) est réalisée au moins partiellement en matière thermoplastique technique.An improved semiautomatic rifle including a carcass (2); a cannon (3); a slide assembly (9) mounted in the carcass (2) and integral with a lock assembly (10) for controlling the rearming and locking of the rifle (1); an automatic reset device (12) comprising a piston (13) mounted in a gas cylinder (14) whose chamber (15) is in communication with the bore (7) of the barrel (3) through a vent hole (16), the piston (13) being in contact with a slide head (17) which is connected to the slide assembly (9) and which is slidably mounted on a guide rod (19) which is secured to the carcass (2) and which is arranged mainly parallel to the axis of the barrel (3); a floating mass (25) which is traversed by the guide rod (19) and which is slidably mounted axially of the guide rod (19) between two faces (27, 28) of a housing (24) in the slide head (17); and a recovery spring (29) mounted around the guide rod (19) and disposed between the carcass (2) and the floating mass (25), characterized in that the slide head (17) is made at least partially of material technical thermoplastic. Carabine semi-automatique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la tête de glissière (17) est réalisée entièrement en matière thermoplastique technique.Semi-automatic rifle according to claim 1, characterized in that the slide head (17) is made entirely of technical thermoplastic material. Carabine semi-automatique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la matière thermoplastique technique de la tête de glissière (17) est un polymère.Semi-automatic rifle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the technical thermoplastic material of the slider head (17) is a polymer. Carabine semi-automatique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la matière thermoplastique technique de la tête de glissière (17) est un polymère chargé de fibre de verre traité pour la résistance aux chocs.Semi-automatic rifle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the technical thermoplastic material of the slide head (17) is a fiberglass-filled polymer treated for impact resistance. Carabine semi-automatique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la masse flottante (25) est réalisée en acier ou en un autre matériau à densité similaire.Semi-automatic rifle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the floating mass (25) is made of steel or other material of similar density. Carabine semi-automatique selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la masse flottante (25) est réalisée en matière polymère à haute densité.Semi-automatic rifle according to Claim 5, characterized in that the floating mass (25) is made of a high-density polymer material. Carabine semi-automatique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le ressort récupérateur (29) est constitué d'un fil plat.Semi-automatic rifle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recuperating spring (29) consists of a flat wire. Carabine semi-automatique selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la surface extérieure du ressort récupérateur (29) sert de guide pour le coulissement de la masse flottante (25).Semi-automatic rifle according to Claim 7, characterized in that the outer surface of the recuperating spring (29) serves as a guide for the sliding of the floating mass (25). Carabine semi-automatique selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le ressort récupérateur (29) est logé dans un alésage (26) de la masse flottante (25) et que le diamètre intérieur de l'alésage (26) correspond principalement au diamètre extérieur du ressort récupérateur (29).Semi-automatic rifle according to Claim 8, characterized in that the recuperating spring (29) is housed in a bore (26) of the floating mass (25) and that the inner diameter of the bore (26) mainly corresponds to the outer diameter of the recovery spring (29). Carabine semi-automatique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la masse flottante (25) est pourvue à son extrémité avant d'une butée (30) qui sert d'appui pour l'extrémité avant du ressort récupérateur (29).Semi-automatic rifle according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the floating mass (25) is provided at its front end with a stop (30) which serves as a support for the front end of the spring recuperator (29).
EP06022006A 2005-10-25 2006-10-20 Improved semi-automatic carbine Active EP1780493B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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BE2005/0524A BE1016821A3 (en) 2005-10-25 2005-10-25 IMPROVED SEMI-AUTOMATIC RIFLE

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AT (1) ATE398272T1 (en)
BE (1) BE1016821A3 (en)
DE (1) DE602006001453D1 (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602006001453D1 (en) 2008-07-24
ES2306342T3 (en) 2008-11-01
ATE398272T1 (en) 2008-07-15
EP1780493B1 (en) 2008-06-11
PT1780493E (en) 2008-09-08
US20070131104A1 (en) 2007-06-14
BE1016821A3 (en) 2007-07-03
US7467581B2 (en) 2008-12-23

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