EP1546542B1 - Injection valve for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Injection valve for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1546542B1 EP1546542B1 EP04787097A EP04787097A EP1546542B1 EP 1546542 B1 EP1546542 B1 EP 1546542B1 EP 04787097 A EP04787097 A EP 04787097A EP 04787097 A EP04787097 A EP 04787097A EP 1546542 B1 EP1546542 B1 EP 1546542B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- actuator
- injection valve
- play compensation
- compensation element
- injection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/26—Fuel-injection apparatus with elastically deformable elements other than coil springs
Definitions
- the invention relates to an injection valve for the injection of fuel into an internal combustion engine.
- injection systems For the fuel supply of internal combustion engines are increasingly used storage injection systems, which operate at very high injection pressures.
- Such injection systems are known as common-rail systems (for diesel engines) and HPDI injection systems (for gasoline engines).
- the fuel is conveyed by means of a high-pressure pump into an accumulator common to all cylinders of the engine, from which fuel is supplied to the injection valves on the individual cylinders.
- the opening and closing of the injectors is controlled electromagnetically in the rule.
- the injection valves in such systems are equipped with switchable actuators, in particular piezoelectric actuators, which control the opening and closing of the nozzle needle of the injection valve, that is, in particular, set the start and end of the injection process in time.
- the object of the invention is to provide an injection valve whose actuator has only a small mass to be moved in the case of a small number of contact surfaces.
- the hydraulic lash adjuster according to the invention By forming the hydraulic lash adjuster according to the invention as a component of the actuator, it is possible to reduce the mass to be moved by the actuator in a simple manner by a measure and to reduce the number of contact surfaces. Both measures have a favorable effect on the dynamics of the overall system.
- the Figure 1 shows an actuator 1 of an injection valve, which consists essentially of a piezoelectric element 2, a so-called piezo stack, the piezoelectric element 2 at least partially coaxially surrounding, designed as a tubular spring spring element 3 and a top plate 4 and a bottom plate 5.
- the actuator 1 serves to displace a nozzle needle 7 which is axially movably mounted in a bore of a nozzle body of the injection valve and biased in the closing direction by a spring element 6 between a injection bore at the front end of the bore and a position closing this injection bore.
- the piezoelectric element 2 As soon as the piezoelectric element 2 is electrically excited, it expands. The energization of the piezoelectric element 2 thus causes an extension of the entire assembly of the actuator 1, so that the actuator 1 presses on its bottom plate 5 down to the mounted on a collar 7a of the nozzle needle 7 spring element 6, which in turn the nozzle needle 7 from its closed position is pressed and releases an injection hole.
- a cooperating with the actuator 1 hydraulic clearance compensation 8 is provided.
- the illustrated actuator 1 is characterized in that the hydraulic clearance compensation 8 is formed as a component of the actuator 1, namely as a bottom plate. 5
- This embodiment has the advantage that on the one hand, the number of accurately manufactured to be manufactured contact surfaces is reduced and on the other hand by dispensing with a massive bottom plate 5, as is known in the prior art, the moving mass of the components can be significantly reduced, which has an advantageous effect on the dynamic behavior of the overall system.
- the actuator 1 in addition to between the piezoelectric element 2 and the bottom plate 5 forming hydraulic lash adjuster 8 arranged intermediate plate 9, which serves to compensate for misalignment and a precise contact between the piezoelectric element 2 and the hydraulic lash adjuster 8 to ensure.
- the intermediate plate 9 In order to align the intermediate plate 9 on the one hand and the hydraulic lash adjuster 8 on the other optimal to each other and to ensure the best possible power transmission, the abutting contact surfaces 8a and 9a of the hydraulic lash adjuster 8 and the intermediate plate 9 are correspondingly arched, as Figure 2 can be seen.
- the top plate 4 and the spring element 3 are connected to each other via welds 10. Subsequently, the piezoelectric element 2 is inserted into the spring element 3 designed as a tubular spring until it bears directly against the top plate 4. At the bottom of the piezoelectric element 2, the now only a small mass having intermediate plate 9 is placed under the piezoelectric stack and then the hydraulic clearance compensation 8 mounted.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Einspritzventil für die Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine.The invention relates to an injection valve for the injection of fuel into an internal combustion engine.
Für die Kraftstoffversorgung von Verbrennungsmotoren werden zunehmend Speichereinspritzsysteme verwendet, bei denen mit sehr hohen Einspritzdrücken gearbeitet wird. Solche Einspritzsysteme sind als Common-Rail-Systeme (für Dieselmotoren) und HPDI-Einspritzsysteme (für Ottomotoren) bekannt. Bei diesen Einspritzsystemen wird der Kraftstoff mit einer Hochdruckpumpe in einen allen Zylindern des Motors gemeinsamen Druckspeicher gefördert, von dem aus die Einspritzventile an den einzelnen Zylindern mit Kraftstoff versorgt werden. Das Öffnen und Schließen der Einspritzventile wird dabei in der Regel elektromagnetisch gesteuert.For the fuel supply of internal combustion engines are increasingly used storage injection systems, which operate at very high injection pressures. Such injection systems are known as common-rail systems (for diesel engines) and HPDI injection systems (for gasoline engines). In these injection systems, the fuel is conveyed by means of a high-pressure pump into an accumulator common to all cylinders of the engine, from which fuel is supplied to the injection valves on the individual cylinders. The opening and closing of the injectors is controlled electromagnetically in the rule.
Zu diesem Zweck sind die Einspritzventile bei solchen Systemen mit schaltbaren Aktoren, insbesondere piezoelektrischen Aktoren, ausgerüstet, die das Öffnen und Schließen der Düsennadel des Einspritzventils steuern, das heißt insbesondere den Beginn und das Ende des Einspritzvorgangs zeitlich festlegen.For this purpose, the injection valves in such systems are equipped with switchable actuators, in particular piezoelectric actuators, which control the opening and closing of the nozzle needle of the injection valve, that is, in particular, set the start and end of the injection process in time.
Da bei Dieselmotoren der Kraftstoff mit einem Druck von bis über 1500 bar in eine Brennkammer des Motors eingespritzt wird, haben bei einem hochdynamischen Antrieb eines Einspritzventils die bewegten Massen sowie die Anzahl der Kontaktflächen, über die ein Impuls übertragen wird, einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Dynamik des Gesamtsystems.Since in diesel engines the fuel is injected into a combustion chamber of the engine with a pressure of more than 1500 bar, the moving masses and the number of contact surfaces via which an impulse is transmitted have a considerable influence on the dynamics in a highly dynamic drive of an injection valve of the overall system.
Bei den aus der Praxis bekannten Einspritzventilen wird deshalb versucht, die einzelnen Komponenten mit möglichst hoher Präzision in Reihe hintereinander anzuordnen und die Kontaktflächen zwischen den einzelnen Bauteilen möglichst passgenau auszubilden, um so eine gute Kraftübertragung bei günstigen dynamischen Eigenschaften des Systems zu erzielen. Diese Maßnahmen sind in der Regel jedoch fertigungstechnisch sehr aufwendig und somit auch entsprechend teuer.In the injection valves known from practice, therefore, attempts are made to the individual components with the highest possible Precision in series to arrange one another and form the contact surfaces between the individual components as accurately as possible, so as to achieve a good power transmission with favorable dynamic properties of the system. However, these measures are usually very expensive to manufacture and therefore also expensive.
Aus WO98/15018 ist beispielsweise ein hydraulischer Überträger eines Injektors bekannt.From WO98 / 15018, for example, a hydraulic transmitter of an injector is known.
Aus der nach veröffentlichte Druckschrift EP 1 457 662 A1 ist ein Kraftstoffeinspritzventil mit einem piezoelektrischen Aktor bekannt, bei dem die Aktorauslenkung über ein hydraulisches Koppelglied mit einer Ventilschließnadel in Wirkverbindung steht. Dabei sind Aktor und hydraulische Einheit nach außen über Koppelmembrane abgesichtet.From the published EP 1 457 662 A1 a fuel injection valve with a piezoelectric actuator is known in which the Aktorauslenkung is via a hydraulic coupling member with a valve closing needle in operative connection. Actuator and hydraulic unit are marked outwards via coupling membranes.
Davon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Einspritzventil bereitzustellen, dessen Aktor bei wenigen Kontaktflächen eine nur geringe zu bewegende Masse aufweist.Based on this, the object of the invention is to provide an injection valve whose actuator has only a small mass to be moved in the case of a small number of contact surfaces.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1.The object is solved by the features of patent claim 1.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Einspritzventils werden in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous embodiments of the injection valve are described in the subclaims.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Ausbilden des hydraulischen Spielausgleichs als Komponente des Aktors gelingt es auf einfache Art und Weise durch eine Maßnahme gleichzeitig die vom Aktor zu bewegende Masse zu reduzieren und die Anzahl der Kontaktflächen zu verringern. Beide Maßnahmen wirken sich günstig auf die Dynamik des Gesamtsystems aus.By forming the hydraulic lash adjuster according to the invention as a component of the actuator, it is possible to reduce the mass to be moved by the actuator in a simple manner by a measure and to reduce the number of contact surfaces. Both measures have a favorable effect on the dynamics of the overall system.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der zugehörigen Zeichnung, in der ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzventils dargestellt ist. In der Zeichnung zeigt:
- Figur 1
- einen schematischen perspektivische Ansicht des Aktors eines erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzventils und
Figur 2- eine teilweise geschnittene vergrößerte Ansicht des Details II gemäß Figur.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic perspective view of the actuator of an injection valve according to the invention and
- FIG. 2
- a partially sectioned enlarged view of the detail II according to FIG.
Die Abbildung Figur 1 zeigt einen Aktor 1 eines Einspritzventils, der im wesentlichen aus einem piezoelektrischen Element 2, einem sogenannten Piezostack, einem das piezoelektrische Element 2 zumindest teilweise koaxial umgebenden, als Rohrfeder ausgebildeten Federelement 3 sowie einer Kopfplatte 4 und einer Bodenplatte 5 besteht.The Figure 1 shows an actuator 1 of an injection valve, which consists essentially of a
Der Aktor 1 dient dazu, eine in einer Bohrung eines Düsenkörpers des Einspritzventils axial beweglich gelagerte und über ein Federelement 6 in Schließrichtung vorgespannte Düsennadel 7 zwischen einer Einspritzbohrungen am vorderen Ende der Bohrung freigebenden Stellung und einer diese Einspritzbohrungen verschließenden Stellung zu verlagern.The actuator 1 serves to displace a nozzle needle 7 which is axially movably mounted in a bore of a nozzle body of the injection valve and biased in the closing direction by a
Sobald das piezoelektrische Element 2 elektrisch angeregt wird, dehnt sich dieses aus. Die Bestromung des piezoelektrischen Elements 2 bewirkt somit eine Verlängerung der gesamten Baueinheit des Aktors 1, so dass der Aktor 1 über seine Bodenplatte 5 nach unten auf das auf einem Bund 7a der Düsennadel 7 gelagerte Federelement 6 drückt, wodurch wiederum die Düsennadel 7 aus ihrer Schließstellung gedrückt wird und eine Einspritzbohrung freigibt.As soon as the
Um zu gewährleisten, dass die Kontaktflächen der einzelnen Bauteile des Aktors 1 sowie der über den Aktor 1 angetriebenen Bauteile möglichst spielfrei und passgenau aneinander liegen, um eine optimale Kraftübertragung sicherzustellen, ist ein mit dem Aktor 1 zusammenwirkender hydraulischer Spielausgleich 8 vorgesehen.In order to ensure that the contact surfaces of the individual components of the actuator 1 and the components driven via the actuator 1 are as free as possible and fit each other to ensure optimum power transmission, a cooperating with the actuator 1
Wie aus den Abbildungen Figur 1 und 2 ersichtlich, zeichnet sich der dargestellte Aktor 1 dadurch aus, dass der hydraulische Spielausgleich 8 als Komponente des Aktors 1 ausgebildet ist, nämlich als Bodenplatte 5.As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the illustrated actuator 1 is characterized in that the
Diese Ausgestaltungsform weist den Vorteil auf, dass einerseits die Anzahl der passgenau zu fertigenden Kontaktflächen verringert wird und andererseits durch den Verzicht auf eine massive Bodenplatte 5, wie diese aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist, die bewegte Masse der Bauteile deutlich reduziert werden kann, was sich vorteilhaft auf das dynamische Verhalten des Gesamtsystems auswirkt.This embodiment has the advantage that on the one hand, the number of accurately manufactured to be manufactured contact surfaces is reduced and on the other hand by dispensing with a massive bottom plate 5, as is known in the prior art, the moving mass of the components can be significantly reduced, which has an advantageous effect on the dynamic behavior of the overall system.
Bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform des Aktors 1 weist der Aktor 1 zusätzlich eine zwischen dem piezoelektrischen Element 2 und dem die Bodenplatte 5 bildenden hydraulischen Spielausgleich 8 angeordnete Zwischenplatte 9 auf, die dazu dient Fluchtungsfehler auszugleichen und einen passgenauen Kontakt zwischen dem piezoelektrischen Element 2 und dem hydraulischen Spielausgleich 8 zu gewährleisten. Um die Zwischenplatte 9 einerseits und den hydraulischen Spielausgleich 8 andererseits optimal zueinander auszurichten und so eine bestmögliche Kraftübertragung sicherzustellen, sind die aneinander anliegenden Kontaktflächen 8a und 9a des hydraulischen Spielausgleichs 8 und der Zwischenplatte 9 einander entsprechend gewölbt ausgebildet, wie dies Figur 2 zu entnehmen ist.In the illustrated embodiment of the actuator 1, the actuator 1 in addition to between the
Die Montage des in Figur 1 dargestellten Aktors 1 geschieht wie folgt:The assembly of the actuator 1 shown in Figure 1 is done as follows:
Die Kopfplatte 4 und das Federelement 3 werden über Schweißnähte 10 miteinander verbunden. Anschließend wird das piezoelektrische Element 2 in das als Rohrfeder ausgebildete Federelement 3 eingesetzt, bis es direkt an der Kopfplatte 4 anliegt. An der Unterseite des piezoelektrischen Elements 2 wird die nun die nur eine geringe Masse aufweisende Zwischenplatte 9 unter den Piezostack gelegt und daran anschließend der hydraulische Spielausgleich 8 montiert.The
Die Montage des die Bodenplatte 5 bildenden hydraulischen Spielausgleichs 8 erfolgt dabei so, dass das Federelement 3 unter Vorspannung mit dem hydraulischen Spielausgleich 8 verschweißt wird, wie dies die Schweißnähte 10 in Figur 2 zeigen. Die solchermaßen montierte Baugruppe des Aktors 1 kann nun in ein Einspritzventil eingebaut werden.The assembly of the bottom plate 5 forming
Claims (5)
- Injection valve for the injection of fuel into an internal combustion engine with at least one injector needle (7) able to be moved axially in a valve housing on which an actuator (1) for control of the fuel injection nozzle acts in such a way that the at least one injector needle (7), depending on the operating state of the actuator (1), opens or closes injection holes, with the actuator (1) operating in conjunction with a hydraulic play compensation element (8),
with the hydraulic play compensation element (8) being embodied as a component of the actuator (1),
with the actuator (1) consisting of a piezo-electric element (2), a spring element (3) and also a top plate (4) and a base plate (5), with the hydraulic play compensation element (8) forming the base plate (5) of the actuator (1),
with the spring element (3) being arranged under pretension between the top plate (4) and the hydraulic play compensation element (8). - Injection valve in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic play compensation element (8) and the spring element (3) form a flush fit with each other.
- Injection valve in accordance with claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an intermediate plate (9) is arranged between the piezo-electric element (2) and the hydraulic play compensation element (8).
- Injection valve in accordance with claim 3,
characterized in that the opposing contact surfaces (9a, 8a) of the intermediate plate (9) on one side and of the hydraulic play compensation element (8) on the other side are embodied with a corresponding curvature. - Injection valve in accordance with claim 4, characterized in that the contact surfaces are arranged to correspond to each other and the play compensation element (8) preferably has a convex curvature.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10341338 | 2003-09-08 | ||
| DE10341338 | 2003-09-08 | ||
| PCT/EP2004/052030 WO2005024223A1 (en) | 2003-09-08 | 2004-09-03 | Injection valve for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1546542A1 EP1546542A1 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
| EP1546542B1 true EP1546542B1 (en) | 2007-01-24 |
Family
ID=34258486
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04787097A Expired - Lifetime EP1546542B1 (en) | 2003-09-08 | 2004-09-03 | Injection valve for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1546542B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE502004002760D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005024223A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017508096A (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2017-03-23 | エコモーターズ，インコーポレーテッド | Preloaded springs used in piezoelectric fuel injectors |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0656162B2 (en) * | 1987-03-03 | 1994-07-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Variable stroke device |
| DE19727992C2 (en) * | 1997-07-01 | 1999-05-20 | Siemens Ag | Compensation element for compensation of temperature-related changes in length of electromechanical control systems |
| DE19939133A1 (en) * | 1999-08-18 | 2001-02-22 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injector |
| DE10151688A1 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-04-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Valve for controlling liquids |
| DE10310297A1 (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2004-09-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
-
2004
- 2004-09-03 DE DE502004002760T patent/DE502004002760D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-03 EP EP04787097A patent/EP1546542B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-03 WO PCT/EP2004/052030 patent/WO2005024223A1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE502004002760D1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
| WO2005024223A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
| EP1546542A1 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
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