EP1418283A1 - Modular load carrying structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The structure comprises several vertical support posts (1) connected by horizontal long span beams (2,10). Certain beams (10) are supported on sloping buttress connecting rods (12) articulated on the posts. These supported beams consist of two juxtaposed spandrels delimiting a central space in which a passive cable (20) passes and is coupled on its ends on corresponding posts. Support of the connecting rods is ensured by end plates (21) between the spandrels constituting the beam and rigidly connected to them.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a structure carrier with long horizontal beams scope.

More specifically, it is a structure modular carrier, of the type comprising a plurality of vertical support posts connected together by long span horizontal beams, some at least of these beams being in support, in the vicinity of their ends, on oblique bracing rods which are articulated lower on the posts correspondents.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Document FR-A-2 611 781 describes the principle of a such a supporting structure with a support system and for hanging long-span beams arranged according to a support of the ends of the beams on oblique connecting rods that are hinged lower on the vertical posts. The possibility of using such long span beams is an important advantage in the production of large floors or ceilings mesh, especially in the context of the construction of department stores or warehouses. In accordance with this support and attachment system for long span beams, which are preferably made of glulam or composite material, on metal support posts, said system is arranged to allow transfer the vertical reaction of the weight of the beam in one effort bracing in the corresponding post and create thus, in the beam, a horizontal stress force longitudinal which results in increasing the range if possible of said beam.

The aforementioned theoretical teaching appears however difficult to implement in a practical way, but still retains its scientific reference value for more concrete developments.

The technological background of the invention is also illustrated by document BE-A-516 495. This document describes another arrangement of metal beam in support on articulated connecting rods.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to design a modular support structure also comprising beams which are end supported on connecting rods bracing obliques hinged inferiorly on vertical posts, but which is both design efficient and economical to manufacture.

Another object of the invention is to design a modular load-bearing structure with long-span horizontal beams of glued laminated timber which is easy and quick to build, while allowing modular embodiments with large meshes, in particular at least 800 to 900 m ² .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

This problem is solved in accordance with the invention thanks to a modular supporting structure comprising a plurality of vertical support posts interconnected by long span horizontal beams, some at less of these beams being in support, in the vicinity of their ends, on oblique bracing rods which are articulated lower on the posts corresponding, said modular supporting structure being remarkable in that the long horizontal beams bearing which are supported on oblique connecting rods consist of two eardrums juxtaposed in glued laminated joined together by spacers, said spacers defining a central space in which freely passes a passive cable which is hooked to its two ends on the corresponding posts, the support on said oblique bracing rods being ensured by end plates arranged between the eardrums juxtaposed and rigidly integral with these.

So unlike long span beams in glulam which are mentioned in document FR-A-2 611 781 mentioned above, we are in the presence of real box beams whose space is intelligently used central which allows in particular the passage of the cable passive and at least part of the end plates which are arranged between the juxtaposed eardrums. It's clear that such a conception was in no way suggested by teaching of this document.

Preferably, the spacers connecting the two eardrums juxtaposed with a long horizontal beam are carried in the form of a high fur and low fur extending in the direction longitudinal of said beam. In particular, high and low furs are made of wood, and are connected by bonding to adjacent eardrums.

Advantageously also, the passive cable arranged between the two eardrums juxtaposed with a horizontal beam long range has an enlarged head at each of its two ends, each enlarged head being received in a recess box made at the head of the post or being resting against a plate fixed at the head of the post. In the practical, if we use concrete posts, we will choose preferably the use of built-in boxes which will then be sealed at the head of the post, while in the in the case of metal poles, we will use plates fixed on these posts to support the enlarged heads of the passive cable.

More preferably still, the passive cable arranged between the two eardrums juxtaposed with a horizontal beam of long span goes under transverse studs connecting said eardrums, said studs being positioned along a predetermined implantation curve to form occasional supports for the cable when said cable is stretched.

Advantageously, the two juxtaposed eardrums are end with end facets which are at the direct vicinity of the corresponding posts, said posts preferably being fitted with safety brackets Spill.

It is also interesting to foresee that the end plates arranged between the two eardrums juxtaposed for support on the oblique connecting rods concerned are joined to said eardrums by through bolts.

In particular, the end plates are in steel, and they end, on the side of the connecting rods corresponding, by two support facets, one of which is horizontal and the other vertical.

Advantageously in this case, the oblique rods bracing have a bilobed head above, with a lower lobe for horizontal support and a lobe upper for vertical support.

The oblique bracing rods may thinning of the bilobed head, so that the said head passes between the juxtaposed eardrums, the support zone then being located in the central space bounded by said eardrums.

More preferably, the oblique connecting rods present a cylindrical foot which is received in an associated shoe fixed to the corresponding post, said shoe having for this purpose a cylindrical cradle of axis horizontal.

Advantageously also, the oblique connecting rods of arcboutement are made of steel, in the form of a flat element extending in a vertical plane.

We can finally predict that the oblique rods bracing are coated with anti-corrosion material and / or fireproof.

According to another embodiment particular, the two eardrums juxtaposed with a beam long range horizontal have a surface lower surface which is curved, so that said beam has a counter-jib (c) which is maximum at mid-length of the beam. In particular, the counter-arrow maximum (c) is given by the relation c = 0.013 x (½ L), where L is the length of the long span beam.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

• la figure 1 illustre en perspective une partie d'une structure porteuse modulaire conforme à l'invention, dont on distingue cinq poutres horizontales de longue portée qui sont en appui sur des bielles obliques d'arcboutement, les autres poutres horizontales étant ici quant à elles de type traditionnel ;
• la figure 2 est une vue en perspective illustrant à plus grande échelle la zone de la tête d'un des poteaux verticaux ici en béton de la structure porteuse précédente (les extrémités des poutres horizontales étant représentées "transparentes" pour plus de clarté) ;
• la figure 3 illustre en perspective les deux extrémités de poutres en appui sur des bielles obliques d'arc-boutement, les autres éléments de la structure porteuse n'étant pas représentés pour alléger la représentation ;
• la figure 4 illustre, à plus grande échelle, la zone de la tête de poteau, afin de mieux distinguer la boíte d'encastrement scellée dans ledit poteau ;
• la figure 5 est une vue en élévation de la zone associée à une tête de poteau, avec deux extrémités de poutres horizontales de longue portée en appui sur des bielles obliques d'arc-boutement, la poutre de droite sur la figure étant en cours de montage ainsi que cela ressort de la représentation de moyens de positionnement provisoire ici réalisés sous la forme d'un palonnier fixé au poteau ;
• la figure 6 est une vue en élévation isolée montrant, avec deux arrachements aux extrémités de poutre, la poutre de longue portée qui est réalisée en poutre-caisson, avec son câble passif s'étendant sur la longueur de ladite poutre ;
• les figures 7 et 8 sont des coupes transversales selon les lignes VII-VII et VIII-VIII de la figure 6 permettant de mieux distinguer la structure de la poutre-caisson, avec une représentation schématique de la structure en lamellé-collé des tympans juxtaposés formant ladite poutre-caisson ;
• la figure 9 est une vue partielle en perspective illustrant, à plus grande échelle, avec un arrachement partiel du tympan frontal formant la poutre-caisson, une plaque d'extrémité de ladite poutre-caisson en appui sur la tête bilobée d'une bielle oblique d'arc-boutement ;
• la figure 10 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 6, illustrant une variante dans laquelle la poutre de longue portée présente une surface d'intrados incurvée pour former une contre-flèche ; et
• la figure 11 est une coupe transversale selon la ligne XI - XI de la figure 10.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly in the light of the description which follows and of the appended drawings, illustrating a particular embodiment, with reference to the figures where:

• Figure 1 illustrates in perspective part of a modular supporting structure according to the invention, of which there are five long-span horizontal beams which are supported on oblique connecting rods, the other horizontal beams being here for their part traditional type;
• FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating on a larger scale the area of the head of one of the vertical posts here made of concrete of the preceding supporting structure (the ends of the horizontal beams being shown "transparent" for greater clarity);
• Figure 3 illustrates in perspective the two ends of beams bearing on oblique connecting-rods, the other elements of the supporting structure not being shown to simplify the representation;
• Figure 4 illustrates, on a larger scale, the area of the post head, to better distinguish the recessed box sealed in said post;
• FIG. 5 is an elevation view of the zone associated with a column head, with two ends of long-span horizontal beams resting on oblique bracing connecting rods, the right-hand beam in the figure being mounting as shown by the representation of provisional positioning means here produced in the form of a lifter fixed to the post;
• Figure 6 is an isolated elevational view showing, with two cutaway ends of the beam, the long span beam which is made of box girder, with its passive cable extending over the length of said beam;
• Figures 7 and 8 are cross sections along lines VII-VII and VIII-VIII of Figure 6 to better distinguish the structure of the box girder, with a schematic representation of the glulam structure of the juxtaposed eardrums forming said box girder;
• Figure 9 is a partial perspective view illustrating, on a larger scale, with a partial cutaway of the frontal eardrum forming the box girder, an end plate of said box girder resting on the bilobed head of an oblique connecting rod bracing;
• FIG. 10 is a view similar to that of FIG. 6, illustrating a variant in which the long-span beam has a curved lower surface to form a counter-jib; and
• FIG. 11 is a cross section along the line XI - XI of FIG. 10.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In Figure 1, there is a supporting structure modular or superstructure S, which is here designed to form the loadbearing structure of a shaped building large parallelepiped, such as a warehouse or a big box store.

Structure S has a plurality of posts support verticals 1 embedded in P ground by concrete foundations, which posts are interconnected by horizontal beams of Long range. Illustrated in this case posts 1 which are made of concrete, but it goes without saying that the invention is in no way limited in this sense, and that we can also provide metal poles, for example H-shaped structure (variant not shown). In addition, we have illustrated here with vertical posts of significant height, for example ten meters, in order to achieve a supporting structure of a roof or an upper floor of a building. It goes without saying, however, that the invention will also apply in the case of a supporting structure associated with the support of a large building floor area.

The vertical support posts 1 are connected between them by long span horizontal beams noted 2.10. The beams 10, which extend parallel to each other to the others, are in support, in the vicinity of their ends 11, on oblique bracing rods 12 which are articulated lower on the corresponding posts 1. On the other hand, the long-span horizontal beams 2, whose direction is orthogonal to the direction of beams 10, here are of the traditional type, that is to say that they are embedded on hooves carriers fixed at the head of the posts. For one of the modules of the supporting structure S, beams have been illustrated metallic 5 of conventional type, frequently called "JOIST CANAM" beams by specialists, these beams metallic bracing two horizontal beams of long range 10. Thus, a module or mesh of the load-bearing structure S here consists of four posts vertical support 1, two long horizontal beams span 2 of traditional type, and two horizontal beams long-range 10 which are supported on connecting rods oblique bracing, with a series of beams metallic 5 bracing the two aforementioned beams 10. AT As an indication, the arrangement of the invention allows achieve modular load-bearing structures of very large dimensions, with unit module which can have 24 meters wide by 36 meters long, the height being given by the height of the vertical posts 1 which will be by example from 10 to 15 meters. Bracing is ensured on the one hand by the embedding of the vertical posts in concrete 1, and on the other hand by means of flat beams 5.1 inserted between two JOIST CANAM 5 beams (two such beams are illustrated in Figure 1) and two 5.2 cross cables stretched by turnbuckles 5.3.

Long span horizontal beams 2 and 10 are in glulam, but are not produced in accordance with the same layout.

Indeed, the transverse beams 2 are of the type traditional, being constituted by a unitary block in glued laminated rectangular section, with a height of 1 meter to 1.2 meters and a width of the order of 0.2 meters. The ends of the beams 2 are embedded on shoes metallic 40 which can be better distinguished in FIG. 2. These metal shoes 40 are of the traditional type, and are screwed at the head of the posts 1 concerned.

On the contrary, the long horizontal beams bearing 10, which are supported on oblique connecting rods bracing 12, have a box-beam structure which will be described in more detail with reference to Figures 2 to 9.

As is best seen in Figures 6 to 8, the long span horizontal beam 10 which is supported on oblique bracing rods 12 is constituted by two juxtaposed eardrums 16.1, 16.2 in glulam, which are interconnected by spacers defining a central space 19. In the present case, the spacers connecting the two juxtaposed eardrums 16.1, 16.2 of the horizontal beam 10 are made in the form of a high fur 17 and a low fur 18 extending in the direction longitudinal of the beam. Preferably then, the high and low furs 17, 18 are made of wood, and they are connected by gluing to the adjacent eardrums 16.1, 16.2.

It can thus be seen that the realization in the form of two juxtaposed eardrums 16.1, 16.2 connected by its high and low furs constitute real box girders wooden whose height can commonly reach 1.40 meters, with a width of the order of 0.45 meter, for a beam of 36 meters span.

In the central space 19 thus delimited, pass freely a passive cable 20 which is attached to its two ends on the corresponding posts 1. As the long span beam 10 can be long easily reaching 36 meters, we can plan to make the passive cable 20 not in a single section, but in a set of several butted sections between them by couplers (not shown) made under the shape of sleeves, as is conventional in the construction, especially for structures such as cable-stayed bridges. The function of this passive cable 20 will be explained in more detail later.

For anchoring the ends of each passive cable 20, which cable has a diameter of around 70 millimeters for example, the heads of the posts 1 will be adapted accordingly. In this case, as is better visible in Figures 3 and 4, the passive cable 20 which is housed between the two juxtaposed eardrums 16.1, 16.2 presents an enlarged head 26 at each of its ends, which head extends beyond the terminal facets of said eardrums. The posts 1 being here made of concrete, we have provided a recessed box denoted 30 which is arranged in pole head. This installation box 30 is thus sealed at the top of the post, with a metallic core with H 35 section which extends vertically, and a space hollow 31 opening out above. Space 31 communicates with two lateral spaces defined by chutes passage 32 through which the ends of the cable pass 20. An inclined face support wedge 33 is provided for the support of the enlarged heads 26 of each passive cable 20, each support wedge 33 being itself in abutment against the walls of the installation box 30 which are adjacent to the space delimited by the trunking 32.

Although it is not shown here, we can of course provide vertical posts as a variant made of metal, in which case, for anchoring the heads widened 26 of the passive cables 20, plates will be provided support fixed at the head of the posts.

As can be seen in Figures 5, 6, 8, the passive cable 20 arranged between the two juxtaposed eardrums 16.1, 16.2 of a long span horizontal beam 10 passes under transverse studs 25 which connect the said eardrums. These studs 25 are positioned longitudinally according to a predetermined implantation curve to form occasional supports for cable 20 when said cable tightens. The predetermined implantation curve can be produced substantially in a circular arc or an arc of chain. As can be seen in Figure 8, each of these studs is here made in the form of a bolt which crosses the two juxtaposed eardrums 16.1, 16.2, and which is fixed by means of a threaded nut on its end free.

As is best seen in Figure 4, the two juxtaposed eardrums 16.1, 16.2 end with facets 27.1, 27.2 respectively, essentially vertical, which are in the immediate vicinity of the posts correspondents 1. In practice, a slight operating clearance, for example of the order of a few centimeters, insofar as a terminal support of long span horizontal beams would of course undesirable, as this would cause a factor statically indeterminate. Note in this case the presence of squares 34.1, 34.2, which are screwed on the post vertical support 1, each bracket extending vertically bordering the lateral facets of the eardrums juxtaposed 16.1, 16.2. These brackets are elements of anti-spill safety, i.e. avoiding any tilting movement of the box girder around of its passive cable.

As mentioned above, the support of the box beam 10 on its oblique bracing rods 12 is provided by end plates 21 which are arranged between the adjacent eardrums 16.1, 16.2 and rigidly attached to them. These end plates 21 are thus arranged between the two juxtaposed eardrums 16.1, 16.2 for support on the oblique connecting rods concerned 12, and they are joined to said eardrums with through bolts 24. In this case, the end plates 21, or distribution plates, are completely integrated into the central space 19 of the box girder.

These end plates 21 are preferably in steel, and they end, on the side of the connecting rods corresponding 12, by two support facets, one of which is horizontal and the other vertical. The end noted 22 of the end plate 21 which is affected by the support on the oblique rod 12 is better visible on the view at large scale of figure 9. This view allows distinguish the support facets 22.1, 22.2 which are orthogonal, the facet 22.1 being essentially horizontal and the essentially vertical facet 22.2. We also distinguish all of the through bolts There are 24 of them here. The other extremity denoted 23 on the end plate 21 present top clearance associated with cable passage passive 20.

It will be noted that the end plate 21 extends in a direction which corresponds substantially to the inclination of the oblique bracing rod 12, which inclination is for example of the order of 20 ° relative to the horizontal.

Figure 9 also shows that the connecting rod oblique of bracing 12 superiorly presents a head bilobed 15, with a lower lobe 15.1 for support horizontal and an upper lobe 15.2 for vertical support, these two lobes being separated by a deeper notch 15.3 to avoid any support at the edge end of the plate 21. It should be noted that the connecting rod oblique of bracing 12 here has a thinning at level of the bilobed head 15, so that said head can pass between the juxtaposed eardrums 16.1, 16.2 forming the box beam 10. This allows the penetration of the head bilobed 15 in the central space 19 of the box girder, so that the bearing area on the oblique rod 12 is perfectly protected. In this case, it will be noted that the lobe lower 15.1 is made for contact essentially punctual with the horizontal facet 22.1 of plate 21, while the upper lobe 15.2 is made for vertical surface support of the facet vertical 22.2 of said end plate 21.

Each oblique bracing rod 12 will be preferably made of steel, in the form of an element flat extending in a vertical plane.

As is best seen in Figure 5, each oblique bracing rod 12 has inferiorly a cylindrical foot 13 which is received in a associated shoe 14 fixed to the corresponding post 1. The shoe 14 has for this purpose a cylindrical cradle 14.1 of axis horizontal. This allows the articulation of the connecting rod 12 around a horizontal axis integral with the vertical post of support 1. Alternatively, the shoe 14 has a external facet 14.2 inclined, which facet is not contacted by the adjacent facets of the end of the oblique connecting rod 12 to allow a certain clearance angular of said connecting rod about its horizontal axis inferior.

We can also predict that the oblique rods bracing 12 are coated with an anti-corrosion material and / or fire-resistant, for optimal protection.

In FIG. 5, we also have, for the right part, illustrated provisional means of assembly assistance.

There is indeed a temporary support structure 100 which is produced in the form of a lifter metallic. This lifting beam 100 comprises a beam horizontal 101 fixed to the post 1 by a plate 102, the direction of said beam which extends in a plane vertical being controlled by an upper Y assembly 107. Two vertical beams 103, 104 allow a attachment of the connecting rod 12 at their free end at points 105, 106 which are perfectly dimensioned, from so as to display a predetermined angle, for example 20 °, with respect to the horizontal. The metal lifting beam 100 is thus fixed in position on the vertical post 1, against the oblique connecting rod 12 which is being assembled. In this case, simply attach the connecting rod 12 at the points 105, 106 so that the inclination thereof is perfectly correct. We then have the end of the box beam 10 so as to provide support at the bilobed head 15 of the oblique connecting rod 12. Such metal lifting beam 100 thus allows installation fast and simple, and in complete safety, box girders. Preferably, we will plan to leave the spreaders in place until final fixing of all the metal beams bracing the box girders.

Thus, the metal junction elements installed inside the box girder during its manufacture consist of the passive steel cable 20, and the two end plates 21. Due to the slight deformation of the verticality of the columns under stresses, and of the deflection of the box girder on its supports, the passive cable 20 gradually tightens, and then pulls the box beam up. This tension exerted on the passive cable 20 has the effect of raising, stretching it slightly, said cable until contact with the studs transverse support 25. The two end plates 21, also made of steel, are intended to receive the head of the connecting rods 12 and to transmit the forces of compression in all of the fibers constituting the wooden slats forming the glulam structure.

The transverse beams 2, also in glulam, have the effect of laterally bracing each supporting structure module and ensuring continuity assemblies. We could of course as a variant use, instead of traditional beams in glulam, box beams similar to beams 10, but we would then end up with a great superstructure more expensive.

JOIST CANAM metal beams 5 have a variable footprint, and minimum at the bottom to ensure a slope of return of the waters towards the box girders which are themselves slightly variable at the front, as is classic in the field. Each metal beam 5 is then fixed at the head on one of the eardrums of the box girder by an appropriate lag screw. The gap between each beam 5 will be variable depending on the thickness of the cover bin that you want to use in blanket.

Thus, the arrangement of the supporting structure according to the invention is characterized by the notion of mobilization forces at the end of fixed horizontal beams not no longer built into the posts, nor by passive joints, but by active joints which transfer the loads into compression in the beams and the overloads applied in the horizontal plane as well created, thanks to the use of metallic elements. So, instead of fighting the weight, it is used to reinforce the energy usually dispensed in deformation of the beam mounting fixtures on the posts, until the final balance of the horizontal element. This potential energy of forces gravity is therefore not used in deformation embedding or bending the beams, but compression, thanks to the articulated connecting rods arranged at each end of the beams, and the passive cable integrated into each box girder and fixed at the head of the post.

The economic performance of such an arrangement lies among other things in the balance between the sizing of the horizontal plane and that of the vertical plane, knowing that in all cases the reaction of the soil remains a important parameter in the overall cost of a superstructure.

For mounting each box girder, we will begin by making the holes on a tympanum placed at flat, then we will position the furs and two plates end stuck on the upper face of the eardrum. A times the second eardrum then reported, we will straighten the assembly thus constituted in order to position the different studs, on the one hand the studs associated with the support of the passive cable, and on the other hand the studs fixing the end plates. All these different studs will be naturally tightened with a torque wrench to prevent unwanted cracking of the wood.

It is important to note that all of the elements structure critics are perfectly protected: it this is the case with passive cable, end plates with their bearing zones on the big ends, and also oblique bracing rods insofar as these are coated with a layer of anti-corrosion varnish and / or fireproof.

In all the embodiments previously described, the lower surface, or lower surface, of the two eardrums juxtaposed with a long span beam was essentially plane, that is to say with a straight profile.

It is however possible as a variant to provide that these two juxtaposed eardrums have a surface curved underside to form a counter-arrow.

Such a variant is illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11.

In these figures, we have used the same references than in Figures 6 and 7.

It can be seen that the lower surface, noted 28 is curved, so that the long-span beam 10 has a counter-jib (c) which is maximum at mid-length of the beam. In particular, we can plan that the maximum counter-deflection (c) is given by the relation c = 0.013 x (½ L), where L is the length of the beam 10. This then corresponds to a counter-arrow of 1.3 %. In the particular case of a beam of 36 meters length, this maximum value of the counter-jib is 0.234 meter.

The presence of such a counter-jib allows better to master the efforts of the bending moments, and also to promote the drainage of water from the roof thanks to the slope thus formed which guides rainwater in direction of the ends of long span beams.

The above formula c = 0.013 x (½ L) corresponds to a lever arm optimization whatever the length long span beam resting on its supports articulated.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments which have just been described, but on the contrary includes any variant using, with equivalent means, the essential characteristics stated above.

Claims (15)

Modular load-bearing structure, comprising a plurality of vertical support posts (1) interconnected by long-span horizontal beams (2, 10), at least some of these beams (10) being supported, in the vicinity of their ends ( 11), on oblique connecting-rods (12) which are articulated lower on the corresponding posts (1), characterized in that the long-span horizontal beams (10) which are supported on oblique connecting rods bracing (12) are constituted by two juxtaposed eardrums (16.1, 16.2) in glulam connected to each other by spacers (17, 18), said spacers delimiting a central space (19) in which a passive cable passes freely ( 20) which is hung at its two ends on the corresponding posts (1), the support on said oblique bracing connecting rods (12) being provided by end plates (21) arranged between the juxtaposed eardrums (16.1 , 16.2) and rigi in solidarity with them. Load-bearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacers connecting the two juxtaposed eardrums (16.1, 16.2) of a long-span horizontal beam (10) are produced in the form of a high fur (17) and of a low fur (18) extending in the longitudinal direction of said beam. Supporting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper and lower furs (17, 18) are made of wood, and are connected by gluing to the adjacent eardrums (16.1, 16.2). Supporting structure according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the passive cable (20) arranged between the two juxtaposed eardrums (16.1, 16.2) of a long-span horizontal beam (10) has an enlarged head (26 ) at each of its two ends, each enlarged head (26) being received in a mounting box (30) formed at the head of the post or being in abutment against a plate fixed at the head of the post. Supporting structure according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the passive cable (20) arranged between the two juxtaposed eardrums (16.1, 16.2) of a long-span horizontal beam (10) passes under transverse studs ( 25) connecting said eardrums, said studs (25) being positioned along a predetermined implantation curve to form point supports for the cable (20) when said cable is stretched. Supporting structure according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the two juxtaposed eardrums (16.1, 16.2) end in end facets (27.1, 27.2) which are in the immediate vicinity of the corresponding posts (1), said posts being preferably equipped with anti-spill safety brackets (34.1, 34.2). Supporting structure according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the end plates (21) arranged between the two juxtaposed eardrums (16.1, 16.2) for support on the oblique arcbouting connecting rods (12) concerned are secured to said eardrums by through bolts (24). Supporting structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the end plates (21) are made of steel, and they end, on the side of the corresponding connecting rods (12), by two bearing facets (22.1, 22.2), the l one is horizontal and the other vertical. Supporting structure according to claim 8, characterized in that the oblique bracing connecting rods (12) have a bilobed head (15) above, with a lower lobe (15.1) for the horizontal support and an upper lobe (15.2) for vertical support. Supporting structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the oblique bracing connecting rods (12) have a thinning at the level of the bilobed head (15), so that said head passes between the juxtaposed eardrums (16.1, 16.2) , the support zone then being in the central space (19) delimited by said eardrums. Supporting structure according to claim 9 or claim 10, characterized in that the oblique bracing connecting rods (12) have a cylindrical foot (13) which is received in an associated shoe (14) fixed to the corresponding post (1) , said shoe having for this purpose a cylindrical cradle (14.1) with a horizontal axis. Supporting structure according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the oblique bracing connecting rods (12) are made of steel, in the form of a flat element extending in a vertical plane. Supporting structure according to one of Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the oblique bracing connecting rods (12) are coated with an anti-corrosion and / or fire-resistant material. Supporting structure according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the two juxtaposed eardrums (16.1, 16.2) of a long-span horizontal beam (10) have a lower surface (28) which is curved, so that said beam has a counter-jib (c) which is maximum at mid-length of the beam. Supporting structure according to claim 14, characterized in that the maximum counter-deflection (c) is given by the relation c = 0.013 x (½ L), where L is the length of the long-span beam (10).

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