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EP1073845B1 - Positive displacement machine - Google Patents

Positive displacement machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1073845B1
EP1073845B1 EP99910073A EP99910073A EP1073845B1 EP 1073845 B1 EP1073845 B1 EP 1073845B1 EP 99910073 A EP99910073 A EP 99910073A EP 99910073 A EP99910073 A EP 99910073A EP 1073845 B1 EP1073845 B1 EP 1073845B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
working area
displacement machine
bearings
rotor
rotors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99910073A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1073845A1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Becher
Andreas Basteck
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Ateliers Busch SA
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Ateliers Busch SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ateliers Busch SA filed Critical Ateliers Busch SA
Priority to SI9930095T priority Critical patent/SI1073845T1/en
Priority to EP99910073A priority patent/EP1073845B1/en
Publication of EP1073845A1 publication Critical patent/EP1073845A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1073845B1 publication Critical patent/EP1073845B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/12—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C18/14—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C18/16—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with helical teeth, e.g. chevron-shaped, screw type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/02—Arrangements of bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/082—Details specially related to intermeshing engagement type pumps
    • F04C18/086—Carter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2220/00—Application
    • F04C2220/10—Vacuum
    • F04C2220/12—Dry running

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a displacement machine, in particular for Use as a pump, with a working space formed in a housing, which is delimited by two end walls and a jacket and via an inlet and an outlet for a working medium is accessible and with at least a movably arranged in the housing, dividing the work space Rotor and with a guide gear for rotor control and one Drive device located outside the work area.
  • Such displacement machines are of many different types known. You can use it to deliver media, For example, air, and designed and used as a vacuum pump become. In many areas of application of such machines, especially in the Packaging and food industry, the pressure medium must not be oil be contaminated. It is therefore essential that the machines without oil in the Work space. With regard to the rotors, the problem is solved Solved geometries that allow a non-contact engagement of the rotors, so they don't have to be lubricated with oil. But is more problematic the storage of the rotors, as shown below using some typical examples is explained.
  • a second type of displacement machine works with hydrodynamic ones or hydrostatic bearings.
  • there are also sealing problems here as soon as the working medium is not contaminated with lubricants may be. Overcoming these sealing problems requires one increased construction costs, which makes the weight of the machine undesirable elevated.
  • An example of a machine with hydrostatic bearings is in the European Patent application EP 0 376 373 A1. With this type of Displacement machine is the weight and the construction costs for the Application of the lubricant pressure necessary equipment additionally elevated.
  • a third type of positive displacement machine is with magnetic bearings for the Equipped with rotor shafts.
  • Such bearings already have a relatively high level Weight on. Because of the relatively low forces caused by magnetic Bearings can be accommodated, the rotors must be separated by electronically synchronized motors are driven and cannot be synchronized with a guide gear. In the event of failure however, the synchronization circuit is often a mechanical one Emergency synchronization gear provided.
  • a fourth, widely used type of positive displacement machine works with rolling bearings that are conventionally lubricated and dynamic against the work area are sealed.
  • a first subspecies of this type are the rotors mounted on both sides, such as in the German patent DE 37 06 588 C1 is shown.
  • the support length between the bearings through the seals required to seal them is enlarged.
  • the Core diameter of the rotors can be made correspondingly larger. Thereby the size and weight of the machine is increased.
  • Another one Machine of this type in accordance with the German published application DE 195 13 380 A1 is supported on one side within the rotor, which has a hole for this purpose instead of a bearing pin. So the span between the bearings is reduced, but the effort to seal the bearings against the work area is not reduced.
  • a second subspecies of the aforementioned fourth type works with one-sided Rotors. Such a machine was launched by the applicant on July 15 Filed in 1997 as a Swiss patent under number 1737/97.
  • This Machine has the particular advantage that only one storage must be sealed, namely the storage on the pressure side of the work area. This sealing of the work area also offers less Problems because of the risk of contamination of the working medium at the pressure side seal is much less than that of the suction side. Through this However, construction does not have any installation space in comparison with the one mentioned above saved, which limits the application to smaller pumps.
  • the present invention has for its object a positive displacement machine to propose of the type mentioned at the beginning, with less Effort and less weight than known generic displacement machines can be produced and in particular without special Lubricants are operated for the bearings.
  • This task is solved by that the rotor or rotors at least partially within the working area is or are stored and that within the work area arranged bearings or the bearings arranged within the work space accessible for the working medium and as a roller bearing made of ceramic materials is or are carried out, whereby a lubricant-free operation of the displacement machine is possible.
  • the machine according to the invention can therefore without special lubricants are operated for the bearings and this is one Contamination of the working medium with lubricant is practically impossible.
  • Displacement machine brings a simple, bilateral storage of the rotors while reducing the spans as well as operation without dynamic seals on the suction side and a general reduction in installation space with yourself.
  • Vacuum pumps are not used on the suction side particularly advantageous because failure of such a seal on a machine with conventionally lubricated bearings to contaminate the working medium or break the vacuum.
  • the embodiment according to claim 4 also enables one lubricant-free operation of the machine and a further reduction in Rotor support widths.
  • the dynamic Shaft seals accessible and exchangeable from the outside.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a displacement machine according to the prior art, which is intended for use as a pump.
  • a working space 2 is formed, which has two end walls 3, 4 and a coat 5 is limited.
  • the working medium for example air, sucked into the work area and through and ejected an outlet 7 from this.
  • Two on their coat in familiar Rotors provided with interlocking helical profiles 8, 9 are rotatably arranged in the work space.
  • Guide gear 10 ensures that the two rotors in contact-free turn in the opposite direction.
  • the rotors 8 and 9 are each with two conventional bearings 12 and 13 mounted in the end walls 3 and 4, respectively and sealed against the work area 2 with seals 14 and 15. Which The span that results from this arrangement is denoted by L1 in FIG.
  • the rotors 8 and 9 are through Rolling bearings 16 and 17 are stored in work space 2.
  • these bearings are made of ceramic materials that without lubrication or with Lubrication can only achieve a long service life through the working medium, can dispense with the seals 14 and 15 shown in Figure 1 become.
  • the rotors are thus stored in the work area, which means that the opposite the prior art shown in Figure 1 much lower Span L2 results.
  • the work area 2 only needs on the side of the guide gear 10 to be sealed, which in the present example by the side of the bearing 17 facing away from the work area dynamic seal 18 takes place.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Abstract

The displacement pump has a casing (1) containing a working cavity (2) bounded by two end walls (3,4) and a jacket (5). The pump rotor or rotors is/are at least partly inside the working cavity. The bearing or bearings within the working cavity are accessible, and are in the form of rolling bearings of ceramic material, for which no lubricant is required.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verdrängermaschine, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Pumpe, mit einem in einem Gehäuse gebildeten Arbeitsraum, der durch zwei Stirnwände und einen Mantel begrenzt ist und über einen Einlass und einen Auslass für ein Arbeitsmedium zugänglich ist sowie mit mindestens einem im Gehäuse beweglich angeordneten, den Arbeitsraum unterteilenden Rotor und mit einem Führungsgetriebe zur Rotorsteuerung und einer ausserhalb des Arbeitsraumes befindlichen Antriebsvorrichtung.The invention relates to a displacement machine, in particular for Use as a pump, with a working space formed in a housing, which is delimited by two end walls and a jacket and via an inlet and an outlet for a working medium is accessible and with at least a movably arranged in the housing, dividing the work space Rotor and with a guide gear for rotor control and one Drive device located outside the work area.

Derartige Verdrängermaschinen sind in vielen verschiedenen Ausführungsarten bekannt. Sie können sowohl zum Liefern eines Druckmediums, beispielsweise Luft, als auch als Vakuumpumpen ausgelegt und eingesetzt werden. Bei vielen Einsatzgebieten solcher Maschinen, insbesondere in der Verpackungs- und Lebensmittelindustrie, darf das Druckmedium nicht mit Öl kontaminiert werden. Es ist daher wesentlich, dass die Maschinen ohne Öl im Arbeitsraum auskommen. Bezüglich der Rotoren hat man das Problem durch Geometrien gelöst, die einen berührungsfreien Eingriff der Rotoren gestatten, so dass diese nicht mit Öl geschmiert werden müssen. Problematischer ist aber die Lagerung der Rotoren, wie dies im folgenden anhand einiger typischer Beispiele erläutert wird.Such displacement machines are of many different types known. You can use it to deliver media, For example, air, and designed and used as a vacuum pump become. In many areas of application of such machines, especially in the Packaging and food industry, the pressure medium must not be oil be contaminated. It is therefore essential that the machines without oil in the Work space. With regard to the rotors, the problem is solved Solved geometries that allow a non-contact engagement of the rotors, so they don't have to be lubricated with oil. But is more problematic the storage of the rotors, as shown below using some typical examples is explained.

Bei einem ersten Typ von Verdrängermaschinen der eingangs genannten Art sind die Rotoren mittels Gleitlagern gestützt. Es sind heute Gleitlager bekannt, beispielsweise solche mit Beschichtungen aus Siliciumcarbid, die sehr gute Trockenlaufeigenschaften aufweisen. Solche Lager sind zwar in der Lage, für einige Zeit einen Betrieb ohne Schmiermittel ohne Beschädigung zu überstehen, etwa beim Anlauf der Maschine oder beim Ausfall der Schmiermittelversorgung bis zum Stillstand der Maschine, jedoch eignen sie sich nicht für ungeschmierten Dauerbetrieb. Es gibt einige Fälle, in denen das von der Maschine geförderte Medium zur Schmierung der Lager herangezogen werden kann, insbesondere wenn dieses Medium flüssig ist. In allen anderen Fällen bleibt nichts anderes übrig, als die Lager gegen den Arbeitsraum abzudichten, wenn das Arbeitsmedium vor einer Kontamination mit Schmiermitteln geschützt werden soll. Dies geschieht in den meisten Fällen durch dynamische Abdichtungen. Die nicht vollständige Dichtheit sowie die gegebenenfalls auftretende Reibung mit der damit verbundenen Erwärmung und begrenzten Lebensdauer der Dichtungen sind die wesentlichsten Probleme derartiger Konstruktionen. Zu diesem Typ von Verdrängermaschinen gehört beispielsweise der im Dokument DE 31 24 247 C1 beschriebene Schraubenverdichter. Zur Vereinfachung der Herstellung dieses Schraubenverdichters sind beide Läufer zumindest im Bereich des Schraubenprofiles aus Keramikmaterial hergestellt. In diesem Dokument ist auch angegeben, dass es sinnvoll ist, die Läufer mittels Gleitlagern zu lagern, wobei die Laufbuchsen zweckmässigerweise aus infiltriertem Sikiziumcarbid hergestellt und die Welle in den Lagerbereichen in vorteilhafter Weise mit keramischem Material beschichtet sind. Femer wird ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, dass für diese Lager ein Schmiermittel benötigt wird und dass dieses vorzugsweise Wasser ist.In a first type of displacement machine of the type mentioned The rotors are supported by means of plain bearings. Today they are plain bearings known, for example those with coatings of silicon carbide, the have very good dry-running properties. Such camps are in the Able to operate without lubrication for some time without damage survive, for example when the machine starts up or when the lubricant supply fails until the machine comes to a standstill, but they are not suitable for unlubricated continuous operation. There are some cases where this is from the Machine-conveyed medium can be used to lubricate the bearings can, especially if this medium is liquid. In all other cases there is no other option than to seal the bearings against the work area, if the working medium is protected from contamination with lubricants shall be. In most cases, this is done using dynamic seals. The incomplete tightness as well as the possibly occurring Friction with the associated warming and limited life the seals are the main problems of such constructions. To this type of displacement machine belongs, for example, to that in the document Screw compressor described in DE 31 24 247 C1. To simplify the Manufacture of this screw compressor are both runners, at least in the area of the screw profile made of ceramic material. In this document it is also stated that it makes sense to use sliders to close the runners store, the liners conveniently made of infiltrated silicon carbide manufactured and the shaft in the bearing areas in an advantageous manner are coated with ceramic material. It is also explicitly stated indicated that a lubricant is required for these bearings and that this is preferably water.

Ein zweiter Typ von Verdrängermaschinen arbeitet mit hydrodynamischen oder hydrostatischen Lagern. Auch hier stellen sich natürlich Abdichtungsprobleme, sobald das Arbeitsmedium nicht mit Schmiermitteln kontaminiert werden darf. Die Bewältigung dieser Abdichtungsprobleme bedingt einen erhöhten Bauaufwand, was das Gewicht der Maschine in unerwünschter Weise erhöht. Ein Beispiel einer Maschine mit hydrostatischen Lagern ist in der Europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 0 376 373 A1 beschrieben. Bei diesem Typ von Verdrängermaschine wird das Gewicht und der Bauaufwand durch die für das Aufbringen des Schmiermitteldruckes notwendigen Einrichtungen noch zusätzlich erhöht.A second type of displacement machine works with hydrodynamic ones or hydrostatic bearings. Of course there are also sealing problems here, as soon as the working medium is not contaminated with lubricants may be. Overcoming these sealing problems requires one increased construction costs, which makes the weight of the machine undesirable elevated. An example of a machine with hydrostatic bearings is in the European Patent application EP 0 376 373 A1. With this type of Displacement machine is the weight and the construction costs for the Application of the lubricant pressure necessary equipment additionally elevated.

Ein dritter Typ von Verdrängermaschinen ist mit Magnetlagern für die Rotorwellen ausgerüstet. Solche Lager weisen an sich schon ein relativ hohes Gewicht auf. Wegen der verhältnismässig geringen Kräfte, die durch magnetische Lager aufgenommen werden können, müssen die Rotoren durch separate, elektronisch synchronisierte Motoren angetrieben werden und können nicht mit einem Führungsgetriebe synchronisiert werden. Für den Fall eines Versagens der Synchronisierschaltung ist aber vielfach dennoch ein mechanisches Not-Synchronisationsgetriebe vorgesehen. A third type of positive displacement machine is with magnetic bearings for the Equipped with rotor shafts. Such bearings already have a relatively high level Weight on. Because of the relatively low forces caused by magnetic Bearings can be accommodated, the rotors must be separated by electronically synchronized motors are driven and cannot be synchronized with a guide gear. In the event of failure however, the synchronization circuit is often a mechanical one Emergency synchronization gear provided.

Ein noch anderer Typ von Verdrängermaschinen weist einseitig gelagerte Wellen auf, wobei die Lagerung auf der Druckseite des Arbeitsraumes vorgesehen ist. Die Deutsche Offenlegungsschrift DE 195 22 551 A1 zeigt eine solche Maschine. Es ist offensichtlich, dass auch bei dieser Art von Verdrängermaschine der Bauaufwand erheblich ist.Yet another type of displacement machine has one-sided Waves on, with the storage on the pressure side of the work area is provided. The German patent application DE 195 22 551 A1 shows one such machine. It is obvious that even with this type of displacement machine the construction effort is considerable.

Ein vierter, weit verbreiteter Typ von Verdrängermaschinen arbeitet mit Wälzlagern, die konventionell geschmiert und gegen den Arbeitsraum dynamisch abgedichtet sind. Bei einer ersten Unterart dieses Typs sind die Rotoren beidseitig gelagert, wie dies beispielsweise in der Deutschen Patentschrift DE 37 06 588 C1 gezeigt ist. Auf den Zeichnungen dieses Dokumentes ist deutlich zu sehen, dass bei gegebener Länge des Arbeitsraumes, die Stützlänge zwischen den Lagern durch die zu deren Abdichtung nötigen Dichtungen vergrössert wird. Es ist klar, dass mit zunehmender Stützweite die Tendenz zu transversalen Schwingungen der Rotoren und damit die Gefahr von Rotorberührungen zunimmt. Um dieser Gefahr entgegenzuwirken, muss auch der Kerndurchmesser der Rotoren entsprechend grösser gestaltet werden. Dadurch wird die Baugrösse und das Gewicht der Maschine erhöht. Bei einer anderen Maschine dieser Art gemäss der Deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 195 13 380 A1 erfolgt die Lagerung auf einer Seite innerhalb des Rotors, der zu diesem Zwecke anstelle eines Lagerzapfens eine Bohrung aufweist. Damit ist zwar die Stützweite zwischen den Lagern verringert, aber der Aufwand zur Abdichtung der Lager gegen den Arbeitsraum wird nicht reduziert. Eine zweite Unterart des vorgenannten vierten Typs arbeitet mit einseitig gelagerten Rotoren. Eine solche Maschine wurde durch die Anmelderin am 15. Juli 1997 unter der Nummer 1737/97 als Schweizerisches Patent angemeldet. Diese Maschine hat insbesondere den Vorteil, dass nur eine einzige Lagerung abgedichtet werden muss, und zwar die Lagerung auf der Druckseite des Arbeitsraumes. Diese Abdichtung des Arbeitsraumes bietet auch deshalb weniger Probleme, weil die Gefahr einer Kontamination des Arbeitsmediums bei der druckseitigen Dichtung viel geringer ist als bei der saugseitigen. Durch diese Konstruktion wird aber im Vergleich mit der vorstehend erwähnten kein Bauraum eingespart, womit die Anwendung auf kleinere Pumpen begrenzt ist.A fourth, widely used type of positive displacement machine works with rolling bearings that are conventionally lubricated and dynamic against the work area are sealed. A first subspecies of this type are the rotors mounted on both sides, such as in the German patent DE 37 06 588 C1 is shown. On the drawings of this document is clearly see that for a given length of the work space, the support length between the bearings through the seals required to seal them is enlarged. It is clear that with increasing span the tendency to transverse vibrations of the rotors and thus the risk of rotor contact increases. To counteract this danger, the Core diameter of the rotors can be made correspondingly larger. Thereby the size and weight of the machine is increased. Another one Machine of this type in accordance with the German published application DE 195 13 380 A1 is supported on one side within the rotor, which has a hole for this purpose instead of a bearing pin. So the span between the bearings is reduced, but the effort to seal the bearings against the work area is not reduced. A second subspecies of the aforementioned fourth type works with one-sided Rotors. Such a machine was launched by the applicant on July 15 Filed in 1997 as a Swiss patent under number 1737/97. This Machine has the particular advantage that only one storage must be sealed, namely the storage on the pressure side of the work area. This sealing of the work area also offers less Problems because of the risk of contamination of the working medium at the pressure side seal is much less than that of the suction side. Through this However, construction does not have any installation space in comparison with the one mentioned above saved, which limits the application to smaller pumps.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Verdrängermaschine der eingangs genannten Art vorzuschlagen, die mit weniger Aufwand und geringerem Gewicht als bekannte gattungsgemässe Verdrängermaschinen hergestellt werden kann und die insbesondere ohne besondere Schmiermittel für die Lager betrieben werden. Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dadurch, dass der Rotor bzw. die Rotoren zumindest teilweise innerhalb des Arbeitsraumes gelagert ist bzw. sind und dass das innerhalb des Arbeitsraumes angeordnete Lager bzw. die innerhalb des Arbeitsraumes angeordneten Lager für das Arbeitsmedium zugänglich und als Wälzlager aus Keramikwerkstoffen ausgeführt ist bzw. sind, wodurch ein schmiermittelfreier Betrieb der Verdrängermaschine möglich ist. Die erfindungsgemässe Maschine kann daher ohne besondere Schmiermittel für die Lager betrieben werden und dadurch ist eine Kontamination des Arbeitsmediums mit Schmiermittel praktisch ausgeschlossen.The present invention has for its object a positive displacement machine to propose of the type mentioned at the beginning, with less Effort and less weight than known generic displacement machines can be produced and in particular without special Lubricants are operated for the bearings. This task is solved by that the rotor or rotors at least partially within the working area is or are stored and that within the work area arranged bearings or the bearings arranged within the work space accessible for the working medium and as a roller bearing made of ceramic materials is or are carried out, whereby a lubricant-free operation of the displacement machine is possible. The machine according to the invention can therefore without special lubricants are operated for the bearings and this is one Contamination of the working medium with lubricant is practically impossible.

Durch die im Anspruch 2 angegebene Ausführungsart der Erfindung entfällt der Zwang zu beidseitiger Abdichtung, wodurch eine Reduzierung der Stützweiten zwischen den Lagern ermöglicht wird. Dadurch verringert sich auch der Aufwand beim Bau der Maschine sowie deren Gewicht und Bauraum.By the embodiment of the invention specified in claim 2 there is no need for double-sided sealing, which reduces the Spans between the bearings is made possible. This will decrease also the effort involved in building the machine, its weight and installation space.

Die besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsart der erfindungsgemässen Verdrängermaschine gemäss Anspruch 3 bringt eine einfache, beidseitige Lagerung der Rotoren unter Reduzierung der Stützweiten sowie einen Betrieb ohne saugseitige dynamische Dichtungen und eine generelle Bauraumreduzierung mit sich. Der Verzicht auf saugseitige Dichtungen ist bei Vakuumpumpen besonders vorteilhaft, weil ein Versagen einer solchen Dichtung bei einer Maschine mit konventionell geschmierten Lagern zu einer Kontamination des Arbeitsmediums oder zum Zusammenbruch des Vakuums führen würde.The particularly preferred embodiment of the invention Displacement machine according to claim 3 brings a simple, bilateral storage of the rotors while reducing the spans as well as operation without dynamic seals on the suction side and a general reduction in installation space with yourself. Vacuum pumps are not used on the suction side particularly advantageous because failure of such a seal on a machine with conventionally lubricated bearings to contaminate the working medium or break the vacuum.

Die Ausführungsart nach Anspruch 4 ermöglicht ebenfalls einen schmiermittelfreien Betrieb der Maschine sowie eine weitere Reduzierung der Rotor-Stützweiten. Darüber hinaus sind bei dieser Ausführungsart die dynamischen Wellendichtungen von aussen zugänglich und austauschbar.The embodiment according to claim 4 also enables one lubricant-free operation of the machine and a further reduction in Rotor support widths. In addition, the dynamic Shaft seals accessible and exchangeable from the outside.

Im folgenden wird der Stand der Technik und eine besondere Ausführungsart der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt:

Figur 1
einen Längsschnitt durch eine Verdrängermaschine nach dem Stand der Technik und
Figur 2
einen Längsschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemässen Verdrängermaschine.
In the following the prior art and a particular embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:
Figure 1
a longitudinal section through a displacement machine according to the prior art and
Figure 2
a longitudinal section through an embodiment of the displacement machine according to the invention.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch eine Verdrängermaschine nach dem Stand der Technik, die zur Verwendung als Pumpe vorgesehen ist. In einem Gehäuse 1 ist ein Arbeitsraum 2 ausgebildet, der durch zwei Stirnwände 3, 4 und einen Mantel 5 begrenzt ist. Über einen Einlass 6 wird das Arbeitsmedium, beispielsweise Luft, in den Arbeitsraum gesogen und durch und einen Auslass 7 aus diesem ausgestossen. Zwei an ihrem Mantel in bekannter Weise mit ineinandergreifenden schraubenförmigen Profilen versehene Rotoren 8, 9 sind drehbar im Arbeitsraum angeordnet. Ein ausserhalb des Arbeitsraumes angeordnetes und durch eine Antriebsvorrichtung 11 angetriebenes Führungsgetriebe 10 sorgt dafür, dass die beiden Rotoren berührungsfrei in entgegengesetztem Drehsinn drehen. Die Rotoren 8 und 9 sind mit je zwei konventionellen Wälzlagern 12 und 13 in den Stirnwänden 3 bzw. 4 gelagert und gegen den Arbeitsraum 2 mit Dichtungen 14 und 15 abgedichtet. Die sich bei dieser Anordnung ergebende Stützweite ist in Figur 1 mit L1 bezeichnet.Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a displacement machine according to the prior art, which is intended for use as a pump. In a housing 1, a working space 2 is formed, which has two end walls 3, 4 and a coat 5 is limited. The working medium, for example air, sucked into the work area and through and ejected an outlet 7 from this. Two on their coat in familiar Rotors provided with interlocking helical profiles 8, 9 are rotatably arranged in the work space. One outside the work space arranged and driven by a drive device 11 Guide gear 10 ensures that the two rotors in contact-free turn in the opposite direction. The rotors 8 and 9 are each with two conventional bearings 12 and 13 mounted in the end walls 3 and 4, respectively and sealed against the work area 2 with seals 14 and 15. Which The span that results from this arrangement is denoted by L1 in FIG.

Bei der erfindungsgemässen Verdrängermaschine, von der ein Ausführungsbeispiel in Figur 2 dargestellt ist, sind die Rotoren 8 und 9 durch Wälzlager 16 und 17 im Arbeitsraum 2 gelagert. Dadurch, dass diese Wälzlager aus Keramikwerkstoffen ausgeführt sind, die ohne Schmierung bzw. mit Schmierung lediglich durch das Arbeitsmedium eine hohe Lebensdauer erreichen, kann auf die in Figur 1 dargestellten Dichtungen 14 und 15 verzichtet werden. Die Rotoren sind somit im Arbeitsraum gelagert, wodurch sich die gegenüber dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Stand der Technik wesentlich geringere Stützweite L2 ergibt. Der Arbeitsraum 2 braucht nur auf der Seite des Führungsgetriebes 10 abgedichtet zu werden, was im vorliegenden Beispiel durch die auf der vom Arbeitsraum abgewandten Seite des Lagers 17 angeordnete dynamische Dichtung 18 erfolgt.In the displacement machine according to the invention, of which one Embodiment shown in Figure 2, the rotors 8 and 9 are through Rolling bearings 16 and 17 are stored in work space 2. In that these bearings are made of ceramic materials that without lubrication or with Lubrication can only achieve a long service life through the working medium, can dispense with the seals 14 and 15 shown in Figure 1 become. The rotors are thus stored in the work area, which means that the opposite the prior art shown in Figure 1 much lower Span L2 results. The work area 2 only needs on the side of the guide gear 10 to be sealed, which in the present example by the side of the bearing 17 facing away from the work area dynamic seal 18 takes place.

Claims (4)

  1. Displacement machine, in particular for use as a pump, with a working area (2) formed in a housing (1), which working area is limited by two end walls (3, 4) and a casing (5), and is accessible for a working medium via an inlet (6) and an outlet (7), and at least one rotor (8), subdividing the working area, movably disposed in the housing, and a guide gearing (10) for rotor control, and a drive apparatus (11) situated outside the working area, characterised in that the rotor, or rotors, is, or are, supported at least partially within the working area, and in that the bearing, or bearings (16, 17), disposed within the working area, is, or are, accessible for the working medium and is, or are, designed as rolling bearing made of ceramic materials, making possible a lubricant-free operation of the displacement machine.
  2. Displacement machine according to claim 1, characterised in that two rotors (8, 9), having parallel axes and meshing with one another in external engagement, are rotatably supported in the housing (1), and in that each rotor has a shaft end, with dynamic sealing, led out on one side through a bore in the first end wall (3), and is supported on the opposite end face by a ceramic rolling bearing (16) which is fixed on the inside to the second end wall (4), designed as blind cap, and is protected from the working area through a friction-free labyrinth seal or is freely accessible.
  3. Displacement machine according to claim 2, for use as a vacuum pump, characterised in that the geometry of the rotors is screw-shaped or screw-like, and the machine thus operates with primarily axial direction of conveyance, and characterised in that the inlet (6) is provided on the blind cap end wall (4) in the vicinity of the ceramic rolling bearing (12) and the outlet (7) on the shaft-end side.
  4. Displacement machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the rotor bearings (17) are likewise formed by inner-situated ceramic rolling bearings on the end wall (3) with the shaft lead-throughs.
EP99910073A 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine Expired - Lifetime EP1073845B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9930095T SI1073845T1 (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine
EP99910073A EP1073845B1 (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98810350 1998-04-21
EP98810350A EP0952351A1 (en) 1998-04-21 1998-04-21 Volumetric machine
PCT/CH1999/000137 WO1999054627A1 (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine
EP99910073A EP1073845B1 (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1073845A1 EP1073845A1 (en) 2001-02-07
EP1073845B1 true EP1073845B1 (en) 2002-07-10

Family

ID=8236048

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98810350A Withdrawn EP0952351A1 (en) 1998-04-21 1998-04-21 Volumetric machine
EP99910073A Expired - Lifetime EP1073845B1 (en) 1998-04-21 1999-04-01 Positive displacement machine

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98810350A Withdrawn EP0952351A1 (en) 1998-04-21 1998-04-21 Volumetric machine

Country Status (15)

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US (1) US6354823B1 (en)
EP (2) EP0952351A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002512345A (en)
KR (1) KR100681477B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1095040C (en)
AT (1) ATE220448T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2918999A (en)
CA (1) CA2328718C (en)
DE (1) DE59901994D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1073845T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2182495T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1037020A1 (en)
PT (1) PT1073845E (en)
SI (1) SI1073845T1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999054627A1 (en)

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CN100360804C (en) * 2005-11-04 2008-01-09 浙江工业大学 External circulation piston pump
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1073845A1 (en) 2001-02-07
CA2328718A1 (en) 1999-10-28
DE59901994D1 (en) 2002-08-14
WO1999054627A1 (en) 1999-10-28
ATE220448T1 (en) 2002-07-15
KR20010042719A (en) 2001-05-25
CN1298474A (en) 2001-06-06
HK1037020A1 (en) 2002-01-25
PT1073845E (en) 2002-11-29
CN1095040C (en) 2002-11-27
ES2182495T3 (en) 2003-03-01
SI1073845T1 (en) 2002-10-31
DK1073845T3 (en) 2002-09-23
EP0952351A1 (en) 1999-10-27
US6354823B1 (en) 2002-03-12
KR100681477B1 (en) 2007-02-09
CA2328718C (en) 2008-02-19
JP2002512345A (en) 2002-04-23
AU2918999A (en) 1999-11-08

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