EP0846330B1 - Electromagnetic relay and its use on a printed circuit board - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE96/01232 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 27, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 27, 1998 PCT Filed Jul. 8, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/08724 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 6, 1997The relay has at least one switching system with a base body (1) forming a baseplate (11), in which base body a contact spring connection element (4) and mating contact elements (5, 6) are anchored and on which base body a coil (21, 22) with a core (23) and a yoke (24) is arranged upright with the coil axis perpendicular to the baseplate, an armature being arranged between the coil and the baseplate. A contact spring (3) connected to the armature (26) is constructed in a U-shaped manner, and the resultant two spring limbs form a connection limb (31) and a contact limb (32) having high current conductivity. The relay can be produced in a simple manner with simple parts either as a single relay or as a double or multiple relay.

Description

• einen eine Bodenplatte bildenden Grundkörper,
• ein Kontaktfeder-Anschlußelement und mindestens ein Gegenkontaktelement, die jeweils in dem Grundkörper verankert sind,
• eine mit ihrer Wicklungsachse senkrecht über der Bodenplatte stehend angeordnete Spule mit einem Kern und einem Joch,
• einen zwischen der Spule und der Bodenplatte angeordneten Anker und
• eine mit dem Anker verbundene Kontaktfeder, welche mit dem Gegenkontaktelement zusammenwirkt.

Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung die Verwendung eines solchen Relais auf einer Leiterplatte.The invention relates to an electromagnetic relay with at least one switching system, which has:

• a base body forming a base plate,
• a contact spring connection element and at least one mating contact element, each of which is anchored in the base body,
• a coil with its winding axis standing vertically above the base plate with a core and a yoke,
• an anchor arranged between the coil and the base plate and
• a contact spring connected to the armature, which cooperates with the counter-contact element.

The invention also relates to the use of such a relay on a printed circuit board.

A relay of the type mentioned is off, for example known from DE 28 54 591 A1. There is the contact spring as Armature return spring attached to the yoke, and the associated connection element is on the opposite side with the Yoke connected. Aside from the manufacturing difficulties, such a fastening of the current-carrying parts brings two opposite sides of the yoke, the current path from the contact spring to the circuit board relatively long. The double contact resistance could also be used at high switching currents to an undesirable Cause warming.

In DE 42 43 852 C1 is also a relay of the input shown type shown. There is the contact spring for extraction a sufficient length of spring on the back of the yoke first angled upwards, then 180 ° downwards bent and a connecting element in the form of a resilient Clamping device plugged onto the associated connection element, where it is then welded in a further operation becomes.

The aim of the present invention is an electromagnetic Relay of the type mentioned in such a way that it can switch high currents with good space utilization few simple parts is inexpensive to manufacture and with largely the same individual parts both as single relays as well as double or multiple relays can.

According to the invention this goal is achieved in that the Contact spring two in the area of the armature bearing U-shaped with each other connected spring legs forms, the ends of which in the Close to each other near the movable anchor end, that a first spring leg as a return leg with the contact spring connecting element is connected and that the second spring leg connected as a contact leg to the anchor is and at its free end with the mating contact element cooperates to make contact.

The contact spring provided according to the invention receives via the U-shaped contiguous two spring legs an adequate Feather length with a relatively large feather width Management of higher switching currents. Since the spring is below the Anchor lies immediately above the floor slab and over there their return leg directly with the connecting element is connected, the current path can also be kept short and ensure a low contact resistance. To achieve of a large spring cross section, it is advisable that the contact spring with its two spring legs approximately covers the entire area below the anchor, whereby the ends of the spring legs over the movable anchor end protrude and the contact spring connecting element as well like the counter-contact element in the area in front of the movable one Anchor ends are anchored in the base plate and against each other angled towards the free ends of the spring legs are. The U-shape of the contact spring can, for example can be obtained in that the two spring legs from one cut out essentially flat spring plate and if necessary only be provided with pretension bends. In another, also advantageous embodiment the two spring legs by a U-shaped fold the contact spring by 180 °, the ends of the spring legs opposite to each other up to half of the Total spring width are cut out; in this way the relevant end sections can be pivoted against each other without bumping into each other - while in the area the U-shaped bend the total spring width for the Power supply is available.

Since the contacting sections of the contact spring and the Mating contact element as well as the contact spring connecting element protrude over the area of the coil base to on the one hand a large feather length and on the other hand simple to produce producible magnetic circuit parts with large pole faces, arises over these contacting sections and a free space in front of the coil that can be used for other purposes can. If an approximately cuboid cap on the relay is turned over, this free space inside the cap can Inclusion of additional components, such as resistors or Diodes or a control module can be used. Becomes on the other hand, one above the contacting sections Coil set back cap used, so that in this Trap free space outside the case as well used to arrange other components, whose connecting wires then next to the relay in the circuit board be contacted.

The invention is explained below using exemplary embodiments the drawing explained in more detail.

Figur 1 und 2 ein erfindungsgemäß gestaltetes Einfachrelais ohne Kappe im Schnitt und in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,

Figur 3 und 4 eine Anker-Kontaktfederbaugruppe des Relais von Figur 2 in einer Seitenansicht und in einer perspektivischen Darstellung,

Figur 5 den Grundkörper des Relais von Figur 2 in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Figur 6 eine abgewandelte Kontaktfeder in perspektivischer Ansicht,

Figur 7 ein abgewandeltes Einfachrelais mit einer Kontaktfeder gemäß Figur 6 in einer seitlichen Schnittansicht,

Figur 8 ein Magnetsystem für ein Relais gemäß Figur 1 oder 2 in perspektivischer Darstellung,

Figur 9 einen mit einer Anker-Kontaktfeder-Baugruppe bestückter Grundkörper eines Relais gemaß Figur 1 oder 2,

Figur 10 eine Darstellung der Jochbefestigung bei einem Relais gemäß Figur 1 oder 2,

Figur 11 ein Doppelrelais mit zwei Relais-Schaltsystemen gemaß Figur 1 oder 7,

Figur 12 die Anordnung der zwei Schaltsysteme für das Relais gemäß Figur 11 ohne Kappe in perspektivischer Ansicht,

Figur 13 einen Doppel-Grundkörper zur Aufnahme zweier Schaltsysteme,

Figur 14 ein Einfachrelais mit stufenförmiger Kappe beim Einbau in eine Leiterplatte zusammen mit anderen Bauelementen.

Show it

1 and 2 a single relay designed according to the invention without a cap in section and in a perspective view,

3 and 4 an armature contact spring assembly of the relay from FIG. 2 in a side view and in a perspective view,

FIG. 5 shows the base body of the relay from FIG. 2 in a perspective view,

FIG. 6 shows a modified contact spring in a perspective view,

FIG. 7 shows a modified single relay with a contact spring according to FIG. 6 in a side sectional view,

8 shows a magnet system for a relay according to FIG. 1 or 2 in a perspective view,

FIG. 9 shows a base body of a relay equipped with an armature contact spring assembly according to FIG. 1 or 2,

FIG. 10 shows an illustration of the yoke fastening in a relay according to FIG. 1 or 2,

FIG. 11 shows a double relay with two relay switching systems according to FIG. 1 or 7,

FIG. 12 shows the arrangement of the two switching systems for the relay according to FIG. 11 without a cap in a perspective view,

FIG. 13 shows a double base body for accommodating two switching systems,

14 shows a single relay with a stepped cap when installed in a circuit board together with other components.

The relay shown in Figures 1 to 5 has one Base body 1 of generally L-shaped shape, namely with a substantially horizontal base plate 11 and one vertical bracket part 12. (The terms "Horizontal" and "Vertical" refer to the whole Description on a horizontal installation position of the relay, where So the base plate parallel on a horizontal circuit board sits.) The bottom plate 11 has circumferential side walls lla, llb and llc; on the one removed from the mounting part 12 End form the side walls lla and llb with the inside projecting ribs and grooves opposite each other Plug-in shafts 13 for receiving those to be described later Contact elements.

The vertical bracket part 12 has a generally U-shaped Cross section with side walls 12a and 12b and one Rear wall 12c. The side walls 12a and 12b form with the inside projecting ribs 12d a drawer-shaped guide shaft 17. In the area of the guide shaft are each Cut out window 14, whose function will be explained later becomes. In addition, the rear wall 12c has a window 18 which the freedom of movement of the anchor also described later guaranteed.

In the base body there is a magnet system 2 with a coil body 21, one on the bobbin between its flanges 21a and 21b arranged winding 22, one axially in the coil arranged core 23 and an L-shaped angled Yoke 24 attached. In the area of the lower coil flange 21a are winding pins 22a with coil connecting pins bent downwards 22b anchored. The round core 23 has at its lower end a pole plate enlarged in cross section 23a, which has a pole face 25. The yoke 24 is with its first leg 24a at the upper end of the core 23 attached, for example by notching, welding or the like. The vertical leg 24b of the yoke is in inserted the guide shaft 17 of the base body and there attached. The lower end edge 24c of the yoke leg 24b forms a support for an armature 26 which with the pole face 25 forms a working air gap.

There is a contact spring 3 on the underside of the armature attached, which is essentially U-shaped (see Figure 4) is cut from a spring plate and thus two spring legs, namely a reset leg 31 and a contact leg 32 forms. The two spring legs are approximately in one Plane, however, are mutually movable and at their ends with pretension bends at best slightly from their common Sheet plane bent. The reset leg is at its end 31a attached to a contact spring connecting element 4, which L-shaped and with its vertical section 41 anchored in a slot 13 of the base body is. This vertical section 41 also carries a connector pin 41a, while a horizontal section 42 the Contact spring 3 carries.

The contact leg 32 is on a rivet 33 or on one otherwise attached to a central portion of the anchor. The movable end 32a of the contact leg carries opposite ones Contact pieces 32b, which with corresponding Interact with counter-contact elements. A normally open counter contact element 5 is bent in an L-shape; a vertical section 51 is in turn in a slot 13 of the base body anchored; it also forms a pin 51a. A horizontal one Section 52 of the normally open mating contact element carries a contact piece 52a.

A normally closed L-shaped counter contact element 6 is in a breakthrough with a vertical section 61 16 of the base plate 11 anchored during a horizontal section 62 carrying a contact piece 62a on the bottom plate 11 rests and thereby the stability of this counter-contact element guaranteed.

6 shows a modified contact spring 35, whose spring legs 36 and 37 are not cut from one plane, but by folding the leaf spring by 180 °, and gained around an axis parallel to the armature bearing axis are. The two spring legs, namely the reset leg 36 and the contact leg 37 are towards their free ends cut diagonally in opposite directions, so that they are in these end sections 36a and 37a side by side in one Can lie level and can be moved against each other. In the area of the bend 35a, on the other hand, both have spring legs the full width of the contact spring, which is essentially the Anchor width corresponds, available. This can still higher load currents than in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 and 4 are performed. The contact spring 35 is also with their spring legs attached in the same way and with contact pieces provided as the contact spring shown in Figure 4 3. Their arrangement in a relay is shown in Figure 7. The Otherwise, the relay is constructed in exactly the same way as that shown in FIG. 1. In contrast to Figure 1 in Figure 7 is additional a housing cap 10 is shown, which over the magnet system is turned over and connected to the base body 1. The remaining Gaps between the base body 1 and the housing cap 10 are filled with sealing compound 7 and sealed.

The assembly of the magnet system should now be based on FIGS. 8 to 10 be described with simultaneous adjustment. The magnet system 2 shown in Figure 8, that of Figure 2 corresponds, is inserted into the base body 1, the measured 9 already with the armature 26, including the contact spring 3 the connecting element 4 and the mating contact elements 5 and 6 is equipped. The width of the yoke leg 24b corresponds exactly to the clear width in the guide shaft 17. In addition, however, on the outer edges of the Yoke leg 24b teeth 27 formed over the width of the Survive slot 13. When pressing in the yoke leg 24b in the guide shaft 17 are therefore the side walls 12a and 12b widened by the teeth 27. The yoke is pushed so far into the guide shaft 17 until the lower yoke edge 24c abuts the anchor and the anchor has a predetermined overstroke when the contact piece 32b abuts the make contact 52a. This overstroke can be measured, for example, by using a probe through a hole, not shown, in the base plate on the Anchor presses and that the anchor's path from the first closing of the normally open contact until the anchor is finally in contact is measured at the pole face 25.

If the yoke leg 24b and thus the magnet system 2 the has reached the desired position, the yoke leg 24b attached in the guide shaft 17. This happens according to Representation in Figure 10 in that pressure stamp 8 in opposite Directions on the two by the excess of Teeth 27 flared side walls 12a and 12b with one Apply pressure force F. As a result, the teeth 27 in the Plastic of the main body indented where it remains Cold forming effect. This causes the tensile stresses degraded, and the two parts, namely the yoke leg 24b and the mounting part 12 of the base body positively connected.

For additional security, notch stamps 9, which are preferably are firmly connected to the stamps 8 in the area windows 14 and 15 through side walls 12a and 12b pressed on the side edges of the yoke leg 24b be so that the notches 91 in the material of the Dig in yokes. The resulting notch designs 28 the side edges of the yoke leg 24b additionally guarantee the tight fit of the magnet system in the desired position.

As mentioned above, one is preferred Execution of the relay with the bottom of the base plate 11 a sealing compound 7 sealed. This potting compound penetrates also in the marginal gap between the base body 1 and the Cap 10 a (see Figure 7). As shown there, can the potting compound 7 by capillary action also in the guide shaft 17 of the holder part 12 flow and the yoke leg 24b additionally glue.

FIG. 11 shows a double relay, with 100 in a cap two switching systems according to Figures 1 and 2 or according to Figure 7 housed are. In this case, two base bodies 1 are included the magnetic systems built on it independently assembled from each other and then side by side in the cap 100 housed. The two systems without a cap are shown in FIG. 12 shown. In this case, the two yokes 24 become independent adjusted from each other in the associated base body 1 and measured by pressing the side walls 12a and 12b together Figure 10 fixed. After inserting the two systems in the cap 100 can the common bottom of the two Shed base body 1 for sealing or glued in the cap become.

An advantageous development provides, however, that according to 13 a common base body 101 is provided, which with a base plate 111 and with the side walls 111a, 111b and 111c and a bottom part with an intermediate wall 111d with two trough-shaped depressions. Are there Plug-in shafts 13 as in the case of the single base body 1 5 provided. A double mounting part 112 is also with side walls 112a and 112b, a common rear wall 112c and an intermediate wall 112d as a double version of the aforementioned Single base body 1 formed. Accordingly this double base body 101 also has two parallel ones Guide shafts 17 for the two yokes 24. The assembly of the two yoke legs 24b in the guide shafts 17 analogous to Figure 10 with the difference that now with the Pressure stamps 8 pressed onto the outer side walls 112a and 112b becomes, while the common center wall 112d the forces the pressure stamp 8 receives from both sides.

Using a longer cap can also do more than two switching systems combined to form a multiple relay switching systems with different functions, e.g. B. a pole-changing relay and a single relay, in one common housing can be accommodated. Depending on the The most economical production method can be individual Base body 1 and / or a multiple base body for two or more switching systems housed in the common cap become. This results in an inexpensive installation of a such multiple relays on a circuit board.

As can be seen, for example, in FIG. 2 or FIG the contacting parts of the contact spring 3 and the counter-contact elements 5 and 6 essentially outside of that of the magnet system 2 covered area arranged. To this Way, the space below the coil can be full for a wide Contact spring, but also for a pole plate 23a and an armature 26 can be used with a large area. For example a core with a round pole plate 23a is provided which is easier to manufacture and assemble than a core with pole plate trimmed on one side. The free space over the contacting parts can, for example, in a cap 10 7 or in a cap 100 according to FIG. 11 , additional components such as resistors, diodes or to house a control IC inside the relay housing. But it is also possible to adapt a cap to shape the shape of the relay construction stepwise, as is the case for example in FIG. 14 with the cap 200 is shown. It has a projecting part in the area of the bottom part Approach 201 over the contact elements during the upper part 202 covering only the coil width or depth jumps back in steps. When installing on a circuit board 203 can the free space above the protruding Part 201 are used to accommodate other components 204, whose leads 205 then next to the relay soldered in corresponding holes 206 in the circuit board become.

Claims (12)

1. Electromagnetic relay having at least one switching system, which has:

   a base body (1; 101) forming a baseplate (11; 111),

   a contact spring connection element (4) and at least one mating contact element (5, 6), which are each anchored in the base body (1),

   a coil (21, 22) with a core (23) and a yoke (24), which coil is arranged upright with its winding axis vertically over the baseplate,

   an armature (26) arranged between the coil and the baseplate, and

   a contact spring (3; 35), which is connected to the armature (26) and interacts with the mating contact element or the mating contact elements (5, 6), characterized in that the contact spring (3; 35) forms two spring limbs (31, 32; 36, 37), which are connected to one another in a U-shaped manner in the region of the armature bearing and whose ends lie approximately next to one another in the vicinity of the movable armature end, in that a first spring limb is connected as restoring limb (31; 36) to the contact spring connection element (4), and in that the second spring limb is connected as contact limb (32; 37) to the armature (26) and interacts at its free end with the mating contact element or elements (5, 6) for the purpose of contact-making.
2. Relay according to Claim 1, characterized in that the contact spring (3; 35), with its two spring limbs (31, 32; 36, 37), covers approximately the entire area underneath the armature (26), in that the ends of the spring limbs project over the movable armature end, and in that the contact spring connection element (4) as well as the at least one mating contact element (5) are anchored in the base body (1) in the region in front of the movable armature end and are mutually oppositely angled in the direction of the free ends of the spring limbs (31, 32; 36, 37).
3. Relay according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two spring limbs (31, 32) of the contact spring (3) are formed by a U-shaped cut from a sheet-metal plane.
4. Relay according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two spring ends of the contact spring (35) are formed by U-shaped folding through 180° about an axis parallel to the armature axis, their ends each being mutually oppositely cut free as far as approximately half the total spring width.
5. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the base body (1) is configured in the form of a trough in the region of the baseplate (11) with peripheral side walls (11a, 11b, 11c), at least the contact spring connection element (4) and a make-contact mating contact element (5) being fastened in vertical insertion shafts (13) of the side walls.
6. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the base body (1) has a retention part (12) with a U-shaped cross section, which retention part stands perpendicularly to the baseplate and, with grooves in its side walls (12a, 12b), has a guiding shaft (17), which is perpendicular to the baseplate, for receiving a yoke limb (24b).
7. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the contact spring connection (5, 6) are anchored essentially outside the space covered by the coil in the base body (1), and in that the core (23) has a pole plate (24) on its end facing the armature, the diameter of which pole plate is greater than the internal diameter of the coil.
8. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a cap (10) is seated on the base body (1) and has space for additional components over the contact spring connection element (4) and the mating contact element or elements (5, 6).
9. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a cap (200) is seated on the base body and is recessed to a depth corresponding to the coil diameter above the contact spring connection element (4) and the mating contact elements (5, 6).
10. Relay according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that two or more switching systems (1,2,3,4,5,6) are arranged next to one another in a common cap (100), the armatures (26) lying next to one another in a common plane.
11. Relay according to Claim 10, characterised in that two or more switching systems are arranged in a common base body (101), the second yoke limbs (24b) lying in two guiding shafts (17), which lie next to one another in a common plane and, for their part, are bounded by side walls (112a, 112b) and a common centre wall (112d).
12. Use of the relay according to one of Claims 9 to 11 on a printed circuit board (203), characterized in that the space above the contact spring connection element (4) and the mating contact elements (5, 6) which is free by virtue of the recessed cap (200) is used for the arrangement of components (204) whose connecting wires (205) are made contact with next to the relay in the printed circuit board (203).

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