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EP0741840A1 - Impeller wheel - Google Patents

Impeller wheel

Info

Publication number
EP0741840A1
EP0741840A1 EP95905125A EP95905125A EP0741840A1 EP 0741840 A1 EP0741840 A1 EP 0741840A1 EP 95905125 A EP95905125 A EP 95905125A EP 95905125 A EP95905125 A EP 95905125A EP 0741840 A1 EP0741840 A1 EP 0741840A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
impeller
blade
blades
cover
gap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95905125A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0741840B1 (en
Inventor
Oliver Schuster
Kurt Seitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KSB AG
Original Assignee
KSB AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KSB AG filed Critical KSB AG
Publication of EP0741840A1 publication Critical patent/EP0741840A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0741840B1 publication Critical patent/EP0741840B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2205—Conventional flow pattern
    • F04D29/2222—Construction and assembly

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a closed-type impeller for pumps, which is joined together by welding from a plurality of sheet metal parts, the blades of which are designed as individual parts and welded to the cover disks attached thereto, the blades being only partially fastened along their length.
  • Such impellers are known from EP-B 0 283 825 and SU-A 130 348. Their impellers are welded together by so-called fillet welds, ie the fillet weld is created on two components that are at an angle to one another in the joint area by means of welding electrodes. To a certain extent, the impellers are assembled from the inside and this requires good access to the welding point. In the case of a usually curved and covered blade duct, this is only easily possible in the beginning and end area. On the other hand, there are such tight spatial conditions in the central region of the blade channel that welding the blades to the cover disks is very difficult there, at least when a blade channel is closed by a cover disk to be attached to it.
  • the blades can be positioned in the cover disks.
  • One or both impeller cover disks can have recesses corresponding to the blade contour.
  • the blades can then be fixed in place during assembly and then welded from the outside. This can be done with or without the help of welding additives.
  • the blade parts which have a gap to the cover disk in the inlet region are plastically deformable.
  • This gap in the area of the suction and / or pressure-side cover plate makes it possible that with the help of a U-shaped tool suitable position of the blade entry area can be generated for the respective intended use of the impeller. This possibility therefore allows both an angular change of the blade leading edges and a subsequent change in shape of the entire blade entry area.
  • the impeller 1 has a hub 2 which is connected to a pressure-side cover disk 3.
  • Several blades 5 are located between the pressure-side cover disk 3 and a suction-side cover disk 4.
  • the parts can be securely positioned and welded by welding devices 6, 7 acting on the cover disks 3, 4 from the outside.
  • Columns 8, 9 remain in the inlet area of the impeller between the cover disks 3, 4 and the blades 5.
  • the inlet area with its curved geometry has elasticity, while the middle and outer blade area, which are subjected to higher centrifugal forces, have homogeneous and high-quality, continuous welded connections having. Even in the usually inaccessible middle blade area.
  • the weld connection is made here using known welding processes.
  • the blades 5 positioning recesses can be made. However, it is equally possible to hold the blades in suitable devices during the welding process.
  • the cover disks 3, 4 are connected to the edges of the blades 5 by means of the welding process acting on the outside of the impeller.
  • the gaps form a significant advantage in that they provide the possibility of subsequently shaping the blade beginnings or the blade entry areas.
  • the blade shape that is suitable for the respective purpose of use of the impeller could then be generated by means of forming technology.
  • only one gap can also be provided. This would then only be present in the area of the suction or pressure side cover plate.
  • the inlet area of the blades can thus be optimized in terms of flow technology for a desired pump size. This is particularly interesting if blades for several sizes are designed uniformly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Pulleys (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns an impeller wheel (1) made up of shaped metal-plate components, the impeller vanes (5) being fixed to the cover discs (3, 4) by continuous welds located outside the vane channels. Only near the impeller-wheel entry is a gap (8, 9) left between the vanes (5) and one or both cover discs (3, 4) on the delivery and/or aspiration side.

Description

Beschreibung description
LaufradWheel
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Laufrad geschlossener Bauart für Pumpen, welches aus mehreren Blechformteilen schweißtechnisch zusammengefügt ist, deren als Einzelteile ausgebildete Schaufeln mit den daran anliegenden Deckscheiben verschweißt sind, wobei die Schaufeln über ihre Länge nur teilweise befestigt sind.The invention relates to a closed-type impeller for pumps, which is joined together by welding from a plurality of sheet metal parts, the blades of which are designed as individual parts and welded to the cover disks attached thereto, the blades being only partially fastened along their length.
Derartige Laufräder sind aus der EP-B 0 283 825 und der SU-A 130 348 bekannt. Deren Laufräder werden durch sogenannte Kehlnähte zusammengeschweißt, d. h. an zwei im Winkel aufeinanderstehenden Bauteilen wird in dem Stoßbereich mittels herangeführter Schweißelektroden die Kehlnaht erzeugt. Dabei werden die Laufräder gewissermaßen von innen zusammengefügt und dies erfordert eine gute Zugänglichkeit zu der Schweißstelle. Bei einem üblicherweise gebogenen und abgedeckten Schaufelkanal ist dies nur in dessen Anfangs- und Endbereich leicht möglich ist. Dagegen existieren jedoch im mittleren Bereich des Schaufelkanals derart beengte räumliche Verhältnisse, daß dort eine Verschweißung der Schaufeln mit den Deckscheiben sehr schwierig ist, zumindest dann, wenn ein Schaufelkanal durch eine daran anzubringende Deckscheibe geschlossen wird. Im Stand der Technik wurde aus dieser Not eine Tugend gemacht, indem die unzugänglichen Stellen nicht verschweißt werden und statt dessen ein Spalt verbleibt, durch den das Fördermedium zirkulieren kann. Damit sollen an den unzugänglichen Stellen des Laufrades mit fehlender Verbindung zwischen Schaufel und Deckscheibe gleiche Korrosions- bedingungen geschaffen werden, indem stattdessen spül- oder reinigbare Spalte benutzt werden, in denen sich Produkte des Fördermediums nicht festsetzen können.Such impellers are known from EP-B 0 283 825 and SU-A 130 348. Their impellers are welded together by so-called fillet welds, ie the fillet weld is created on two components that are at an angle to one another in the joint area by means of welding electrodes. To a certain extent, the impellers are assembled from the inside and this requires good access to the welding point. In the case of a usually curved and covered blade duct, this is only easily possible in the beginning and end area. On the other hand, there are such tight spatial conditions in the central region of the blade channel that welding the blades to the cover disks is very difficult there, at least when a blade channel is closed by a cover disk to be attached to it. In the prior art this virtue was made a virtue by not welding the inaccessible areas and instead leaving a gap through which the medium can circulate. This is to provide the same corrosion resistance at the inaccessible points of the impeller with no connection between the blade and the cover plate. conditions are created by using flushable or cleanable gaps instead, in which products of the pumped medium cannot get stuck.
Durch die DE-PS 509 458, die ein zusammengebautes Laufrad beschreibt, ist es bekannt, im Eintrittsbereich des Schaufelkanals einen Spalt zwischen einer abnehmbaren Laufradseitenwand und den gegenüberliegenden Schaufelkanten auszubilden. Der im Eintrittsbereich der Schaufelkanäle nunmehr mögliche Druckausgleich zwischen den Schaufelkanälen soll der Vermeidung von Schaum- und Dampfblasen dienen. Gerade bei der Förderung von zersetzenden Flüssigkeiten, wie z. B. Milch, wird auf eine Durchspülung bzw. Zugänglichkeit derartiger Spalte besonders Wert gelegt. Aus diesem Grunde verwendet dieser vorbekannte Stand der Technik neben den durchspülbaren Spalten noch die zusätzlich abnehmbare Laufradseitenwand bzw. Deckscheibe, um eine sichere Reinigung des Laufrades zu ermöglichen.From DE-PS 509 458, which describes an assembled impeller, it is known to form a gap between a removable impeller side wall and the opposite blade edges in the inlet region of the blade duct. The pressure compensation between the blade channels, which is now possible in the inlet area of the blade channels, is intended to avoid foam and vapor bubbles. Especially when conveying decomposing liquids, such as. As milk, particular importance is attached to flushing or accessibility of such gaps. For this reason, in addition to the flushable gaps, this known prior art also uses the additionally removable impeller side wall or cover disk in order to enable safe cleaning of the impeller.
Bei Kreiselpumpenlaufrädern, die mit Hilfe anderer Schweißverfahren zusammengefügt werden, ergeben sich völlig andere Problemstellungen. Sind es beispielsweise niedrig belastete Laufräder von Heizungsumwälzpumpen, so genügt dort eine Verbindung mittels Punktschweißverbindungen. Jedoch bei Laufrädern, die sehr hohen Belastungen ausgesetzt sind, wird eine vollständige und durchgehende Schweißnaht zwischen den Schaufeln und den Deckscheiben angestrebt, um die großen dynamischen Belastungen aufnehmen zu können. Aus diesem Grunde muß die Schweißnaht sehr homogen und qualitativ hochwertig sein, ohne Risse und Spalte, um eine hohe Betriebssicherheit zu gewährleisten. Dies verhindert zusätzlich eine Ablagerung von Verunreinigungen und erweitert somit das Einsatzgebiet des Laufrades. Der Erfindung liegt daher das Problem zugrunde, für hochbelastete Laufräder zusammengesetzter Bauart eine sichere Schaufelbefestigung zu entwickeln. Dieses Problem wird dadurch gelöst, daß ein auf die Außenseite der Deckscheiben einwirkendes Schweißgerät die Deckscheiben mit jeder Schaufel mit durchgehenden Schweißnähten verbindet, wobei im Eintrittsbereich des Laufrades ein offener und spülbarer Spalt zwischen saug- und/oder druckseitiger Deckscheibe und den Schaufeln verbleibt. Mit Hilfe dieser Maßnahme ergibt sich im Laufradeintrittsbereich eine Schaufelelastizität. Der aufgrund der Fliehkräfte höherbelastete mittlere und äußere Bereich des Schaufelkanals weist durchgehende Schweißnähte, und zwar auch gerade im schwer zugänglichen mittleren Schaufelbereich auf. Somit ist die Herstellung eines aus Einzelteilen zusammengefügten, sehr hoch belastbaren Laufrades möglich, dessen Festigkeitswerte vergleichbar mit entsprechend gegossenen Laufrädern sind. Ein zusätzlicher Vorteil besteht auch darin, daß derartig erstellte Laufräder ohne weiteres mittels Durchmesserreduzierung an unterschiedliche Anlagen¬ verhältnisse anpaßbar sind. Im Gegensatz zu den bekannten Lösungen mit unterbrochener Schweißnaht ist dies ohne nachträgliche Schweißung problemlos möglich.Centrifugal pump impellers that are joined together using other welding processes pose completely different problems. If, for example, there are low-load impellers of heating circulation pumps, a connection using spot welded connections is sufficient. However, for impellers that are exposed to very high loads, a complete and continuous weld seam between the blades and the cover disks is sought in order to be able to absorb the large dynamic loads. For this reason, the weld seam must be very homogeneous and of high quality, without cracks and gaps in order to ensure high operational reliability. This also prevents contamination from accumulating and thus extends the area of application of the impeller. The invention is therefore based on the problem of developing a secure blade attachment for highly loaded impellers of a composite type. This problem is solved in that a welding device acting on the outside of the cover disks connects the cover disks to each blade with continuous weld seams, an open and flushable gap remaining between the suction and / or pressure side cover disk and the blades in the inlet area of the impeller. With the help of this measure, blade elasticity results in the impeller inlet area. The middle and outer area of the blade channel, which is subjected to higher loads due to the centrifugal forces, has continuous weld seams, specifically also in the difficult to access central blade area. This makes it possible to manufacture an impeller that is assembled from individual parts and has a very high load-bearing capacity, the strength values of which are comparable to those of appropriately cast impellers. An additional advantage also consists in the fact that impellers produced in this way can be easily adapted to different system conditions by means of diameter reduction. In contrast to the known solutions with an interrupted weld seam, this is possible without any additional welding.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Schaufeln in den Deckscheiben positionierbar. Eine oder beide Laufraddeckscheiben können hierbei der Schaufelkontur entsprechende Ausnehmungen aufweisen. Darin können dann die Schaufeln bei der Montage fixiert und anschließend von außen verschweißt werden. Dies kann mit oder ohne Zuhilfenahme von Schweiß-Zuschlagstoffen erfolgen.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the blades can be positioned in the cover disks. One or both impeller cover disks can have recesses corresponding to the blade contour. The blades can then be fixed in place during assembly and then welded from the outside. This can be done with or without the help of welding additives.
Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die im Eintrittsbereich einen Spalt zur Deckscheibe aufweisenden Schaufelteile plastisch verformbar. Dieser im Bereich der saug- und/oder druckseitigen Deckscheibe vorhandene Spalt ermöglicht es, daß mit Hilfe eines U formwerkzeuges die für den jeweiligen Verwendungszweck des Laufrades geeignete Stellung des Schaufeleintrittsbereiches erzeugt werden kann. Diese Möglichkeit erlaubt also sowohl eine Winkelveränderung der Schaufelanströmkanten als auch eine nachträgliche Formänderung des gesamten Schaufeleintrittsbereiches.According to one embodiment of the invention, the blade parts which have a gap to the cover disk in the inlet region are plastically deformable. This gap in the area of the suction and / or pressure-side cover plate makes it possible that with the help of a U-shaped tool suitable position of the blade entry area can be generated for the respective intended use of the impeller. This possibility therefore allows both an angular change of the blade leading edges and a subsequent change in shape of the entire blade entry area.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.
Das Laufrad 1 verfügt über eine Nabe 2, die mit einer druckseitigen Deckscheibe 3 verbunden ist. Zwischen der druckseitigen Deckscheibe 3 und einer saugseitigen Deckscheibe 4 befinden sich mehrere Schaufeln 5. Mit Hilfe einer entsprechenden Vorrichtung lassen sich die Teile sicher positionieren und durch von außen auf die Deckscheiben 3, 4 einwirkende Schweißgeräte 6, 7 verschweißen. Im Eintrittsbereich des Laufrades verbleiben zwischen den Deckscheiben 3, 4 und den Schaufeln 5 Spalte 8, 9. Somit weist der Eintrittsbereich mit seiner gekrümmten Geometrie eine Elastizität auf, während der durch die Fliehkräfte höher belastete mittlere und äußere Schaufelbereich homogene und qualitativ hochwertige, durchgehende Schweißverbindungen aufweist. Und zwar auch im üblicherweise unzugänglichen mittleren Schaufelbereich.The impeller 1 has a hub 2 which is connected to a pressure-side cover disk 3. Several blades 5 are located between the pressure-side cover disk 3 and a suction-side cover disk 4. With the aid of an appropriate device, the parts can be securely positioned and welded by welding devices 6, 7 acting on the cover disks 3, 4 from the outside. Columns 8, 9 remain in the inlet area of the impeller between the cover disks 3, 4 and the blades 5. Thus, the inlet area with its curved geometry has elasticity, while the middle and outer blade area, which are subjected to higher centrifugal forces, have homogeneous and high-quality, continuous welded connections having. Even in the usually inaccessible middle blade area.
Die Schweißverbindung erfolgt hier mit bekannten Schweißverfahren. In den Deckscheiben 3, 4 können dabei die Schaufeln 5 positionierende Ausnehmungen anbringbar sein. Es ist aber genauso gut möglich, während des Schweißvorganges die Schaufeln in geeigneten Vorrichtungen zu halten. Mittels dem außen auf das Laufrad einwirkenden Schweißvorgang werden die Deckscheiben 3, 4 mit den Kanten der Schaufeln 5 verbunden.The weld connection is made here using known welding processes. In the cover disks 3, 4, the blades 5 positioning recesses can be made. However, it is equally possible to hold the blades in suitable devices during the welding process. The cover disks 3, 4 are connected to the edges of the blades 5 by means of the welding process acting on the outside of the impeller.
In der im strichpunktierten Kreis gezeigten vergrößerten Darstellung eines Schaufelanfanges sind die Spalte 8, 9 im Bereich der Anfänge der Schaufeln 5 deutlich herausgestellt. Deren Abmessungen sind so gewählt, daß sie eine Durchspülung und Reinigung der Spalte ermöglichen.In the enlarged representation of a blade beginning shown in the dash-dotted circle, the columns 8, 9 in the area of the beginnings of the blades 5 are clearly highlighted. Their dimensions are chosen so that they allow flushing and cleaning of the gaps.
Einen wesentliche Vorteil bilden die Spalte insofern, als damit die Möglichkeit zur nachträglichen Formung der Schaufelanfänge bzw. der Schaufeleintrittsbereiche gegeben ist. Mit Hilfe eines geeigneten Werkzeuges ließe sich dann der für den jeweiligen Verwendungszweck des Laufrades geeignete Schaufelverlauf umformtechnisch erzeugen. Je nach verwendeter Schaufelform kann auch nur ein Spalt vorgesehen werden. Dieser wäre dann nur im Bereich der saug- oder druckseitigen Deckscheibe vorhanden.The gaps form a significant advantage in that they provide the possibility of subsequently shaping the blade beginnings or the blade entry areas. With the help of a suitable tool, the blade shape that is suitable for the respective purpose of use of the impeller could then be generated by means of forming technology. Depending on the blade shape used, only one gap can also be provided. This would then only be present in the area of the suction or pressure side cover plate.
Der Eintrittsbereich der Schaufeln kann damit für eine gewünschte Pumpenbaugröße strömungstechnisch optimiert werden. Dies ist besonders dann interessant, wenn Schaufeln für mehrere Baugrößen einheitlich ausgeführt werden. The inlet area of the blades can thus be optimized in terms of flow technology for a desired pump size. This is particularly interesting if blades for several sizes are designed uniformly.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Laufrad geschlossener Bauart für Pumpen, welches aus mehreren Blechformteilen schweißtechnisch zusammengefügt ist, deren als Einzelteile ausgebildete Schaufeln mit den daran anliegenden Deckscheiben verschweißt sind, wobei die Schaufeln nicht über ihre ganze Länge befestigt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein auf die Außenseite der Deckscheiben (3, 4) einwirkendes Schweißgerät (6, 7) die Deckscheiben (3, 4) mit jeder Schaufel (5) mit durchgehenden Schweißnähten verbindet, wobei im Eintrittsbereich des Laufrades ein offener und spülbarer Spalt zwischen saug- und/oder druckseitiger Deckscheibe und den Schaufeln verbleibt.1. Impeller of closed design for pumps, which is welded together from several sheet metal parts, the blades formed as individual parts are welded to the cover disks attached to it, the blades not being fastened over their entire length, characterized in that an on the outside of the cover disks (3, 4) acting welding device (6, 7) connects the cover disks (3, 4) with each blade (5) with continuous weld seams, with an open and flushable gap between the suction and / or pressure side cover disk and the in the inlet area of the impeller Shovels remain.
2. Kreiselpumpenlaufrad nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die im Eintrittsbereich einen Spalt (8, 9) zur Deckscheibe aufweisenden Schaufelteile (5) plastisch verformbar sind.2. Centrifugal pump impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade parts (5) having a gap (8, 9) in the inlet area to the cover plate are plastically deformable.
3. Kreiselpumpenlaufrad nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaufeln (5) in den Deckscheiben (3, 4) positionierbar sind. 3. Centrifugal pump impeller according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the blades (5) in the cover disks (3, 4) can be positioned.
EP95905125A 1994-01-28 1995-01-07 Impeller wheel Expired - Lifetime EP0741840B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4402493A DE4402493A1 (en) 1994-01-28 1994-01-28 Wheel
DE4402493 1994-01-28
PCT/EP1995/000050 WO1995020724A1 (en) 1994-01-28 1995-01-07 Impeller wheel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0741840A1 true EP0741840A1 (en) 1996-11-13
EP0741840B1 EP0741840B1 (en) 1998-11-04

Family

ID=6508876

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95905125A Expired - Lifetime EP0741840B1 (en) 1994-01-28 1995-01-07 Impeller wheel

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0741840B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH09511557A (en)
AT (1) ATE173062T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4402493A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0741840T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1995020724A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19818928A1 (en) * 1998-04-28 1999-11-04 Ksb Ag Welded centrifugal pump rotor
US8141201B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2012-03-27 Panasonic Corporation Electric fan
JP4561852B2 (en) * 2008-03-26 2010-10-13 株式会社日立プラントテクノロジー Impeller
IT1402483B1 (en) * 2010-11-16 2013-09-13 Nuovo Pignone Spa METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING IMPELLERS THAT INCORPORATE FITTING IN DESIRED AREAS
EP2607713B1 (en) 2011-12-21 2017-11-08 Grundfos Holding A/S Radial pump rotor
US20130177430A1 (en) * 2012-01-05 2013-07-11 General Electric Company System and method for reducing stress in a rotor
RU180854U1 (en) * 2017-10-19 2018-06-28 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Ижнефтепласт" CENTRIFUGAL PUMP DRIVING WHEEL

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1995020724A1 (en) 1995-08-03
ATE173062T1 (en) 1998-11-15
DE4402493A1 (en) 1995-08-03
JPH09511557A (en) 1997-11-18
DE59504144D1 (en) 1998-12-10
EP0741840B1 (en) 1998-11-04
DK0741840T3 (en) 1999-07-19

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