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EP0616350B1 - Disjoncteur de protection de ligne - Google Patents

Disjoncteur de protection de ligne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0616350B1
EP0616350B1 EP19940103312 EP94103312A EP0616350B1 EP 0616350 B1 EP0616350 B1 EP 0616350B1 EP 19940103312 EP19940103312 EP 19940103312 EP 94103312 A EP94103312 A EP 94103312A EP 0616350 B1 EP0616350 B1 EP 0616350B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
current
yoke
breaker according
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19940103312
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0616350A1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Bührer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB CMC Carl Meier AG
Original Assignee
CMC Carl Maier and Cie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CMC Carl Maier and Cie AG filed Critical CMC Carl Maier and Cie AG
Publication of EP0616350A1 publication Critical patent/EP0616350A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0616350B1 publication Critical patent/EP0616350B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a circuit breaker according to the introductory part of claim 1.
  • Circuit breakers serve to protect the lines in a low-voltage network against inadmissible heating caused by short-circuit or overload and therefore have a magnetically acting short-circuit current release and a thermally acting over-current release.
  • the size and cost of a miniature circuit breaker are determined by the level of the permissible nominal current.
  • the invention relates to a prior art as specified in CH 670 726 A5.
  • a circuit breaker described in this prior art has a short-circuit current release with an electromagnetic coil surrounded by a yoke and an overcurrent release with a bimetal strip. Short-circuit and overcurrent releases act on a release pin that interacts with a movable contact of a contact arrangement via a release pin common to both releases.
  • an armature is pulled into the coil.
  • the release pin which is non-positively coupled to the armature, then suddenly releases the latching of the movable contact, as a result of which the circuit breaker is opened and the switching arc that forms when it is opened is blown both by its own magnetic field and by the stray magnetic field of the coil.
  • the bimetal strip heats up more than during nominal current operation and begins to warp.
  • the release pin is moved by the curving bimetallic strip and then releases the latch holding the moving contact.
  • this circuit breaker Due to the double function of the release pin and the suitable arrangement and design of the current path, it is possible to accommodate this circuit breaker in a housing with a predetermined installation depth, in an extremely space-saving manner.
  • this compact design means that the miniature circuit breaker can only be operated with rated currents up to an upper limit, which is 40A, for example, since otherwise it would heat up to an unacceptable extent due to unavoidable power losses.
  • this switch has a magnetic yoke made of a composite material or the magnetic yoke bent from a ferromagnetic sheet contains a bridge part made of a highly conductive material, such as copper.
  • the composite material consists of a sheet metal strip made of a ferromagnetic iron alloy with a cladding made of a highly conductive material, such as preferably copper.
  • the bridge part follows the outer contour of the magnetic yoke between an excitation winding and a contact point.
  • the magnetic yoke acts in the prior art like a closed magnetic circuit, so that already comparatively low response current induces a sufficiently large magnetic field that triggers the opening of the switch.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing the miniature circuit breaker according to the prior art in such a way that it is distinguished by a substantially increased nominal current carrying capacity while maintaining its compact design.
  • the miniature circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized above all by the fact that it is able to carry significantly higher nominal currents than the previously known switch, but still has almost the same switching capacity, in particular for short-circuit and overcurrents, as this switch has. It can also contain the housing and many components of this switch. This is above all, a consequence of a suitably designed and dimensioned current path, by means of which the heating of the current-carrying parts caused by ohmic losses is significantly reduced compared to the previously known switch.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention differs from the switch according to the prior art only by the suitable design and arrangement of some easy-to-assemble active elements in the current path and can therefore be produced practically with the same tools as the switch according to the prior art.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention can thus be manufactured very inexpensively despite the significantly increased nominal current carrying capacity.
  • 10 denotes a bimetal strip of a thermal overcurrent release.
  • the bimetallic strip 10 consists of two strips of chromium-nickel steel alloys, which are rolled together and are connected to a power connection 14 via a flexible power connection designed as a double strand 12.
  • yoke plate 18 denotes an essentially U-shaped angled magnetic bracket made of ferromagnetic steel with an end face connected yoke plate 18 made of a non-ferromagnetic metallic material, which is comparable in mechanical strength to the ferromagnetic material of the magnetic bracket 16, but has a multiple higher electrical conductivity than this material .
  • An alloy based on copper, silver and / or aluminum is preferably used as the material for the yoke plate 18, such as, in particular, an alloy containing copper and iron (or steel) or optionally also copper and tin (bronze) with, for example, approximately 90 up to 95% by weight copper, the remainder predominantly iron or tin and optionally silicon.
  • Magnet bracket 16 and yoke plate 18 form a yoke of an electromagnet of a magnetically acting short-circuit current release.
  • the electromagnet also has a coil 22 made of copper wire wound over a sleeve-shaped coil body 20, as well as a cylindrical, ferromagnetic armature 24 and a cylindrical, ferromagnetic core 26.
  • a trigger pin made of an impact-resistant insulating material, such as a polyamide, which is displaceably guided along an axis L in an unspecified bore of the armature 24 and with a small distance, for example 3 mm, between a free end of the bimetal strip 10 and a pawl 30 is arranged.
  • the bore is widened to a blind hole 32 which receives a driver 34 fastened to the release pin.
  • annular groove 37 is recessed in the cylindrical jacket of the armature 24, in which a leaf spring 36 engages.
  • This leaf spring is fastened to the part of the yoke plate 18 which is angled in the direction of the bimetal strip 10 and to a crossbar 40 of the yoke plate 18.
  • One end of the bimetallic strip 10 is fastened to a Z-shaped angled tab 42 of the yoke plate 18 in a manner that enables a good current transfer.
  • the coil 22 is connected in an electrically conductive manner at one end to the yoke plate 18 and at the other end to a fixed contact 44.
  • the fixed contact 44 has a contact plate 46 which, in the switched-on state of the circuit breaker shown in the figure, is in electrically conductive connection with a movable contact 48.
  • the contact plate 46 and / or the movable contact 48 contain a noble metal-containing insert, which is advantageously formed from an alloy containing silver and nickel.
  • the movable contact 48 can be pivoted about an axis 52 mounted in the housing 50 of the circuit breaker, which is only indicated.
  • the pawl 30 is pivotable about an axis 54 mounted in the movable contact 48. It is angled and has a lever with an impact surface 56 for the release pin 28 and a further lever, designed as a hook 58, for supporting a pawl lever 60 which can be pivoted about the axis 52. A sliding surface 62 runs in the direction of the nose of the hook 58 The pawl lever 60 re-engages.
  • the pawl 30 also has a compression spring (not shown in the figure), which is supported on a not-shown recess of the movable contact 48 and acts counterclockwise on the lever of the pawl 30 carrying the impact surface 56.
  • a contact bracket 66 is pivotally mounted in the ratchet lever 60, the end of which, remote from the ratchet lever 60, is pivotally connected to a shift lever 64.
  • This shift lever 64 is mounted on a fixed axis 68 and can be pivoted about the fixed axis 68 between two stops (not shown) of the housing 50.
  • 70 denotes a spring supported on the housing 50 and acting on the movable contact 48.
  • a flexible current connection arranged in the line current path and configured as a double strand 74 is connected in an electrically conductive manner at one end to the movable contacts 48 and at the other end to a current connection 72 of the circuit breaker.
  • This power connection as well as the power connection 14 are free of brass and consist predominantly of copper.
  • the bimetallic strip 10 provided in the switch according to the prior art can remain unchanged and also on the tab 42 of the yoke sheet 18 are arranged.
  • the coil 22 can also be kept unchanged. This is decisive for the short-circuit current switching capacity of the switch according to the invention, since the coil 22 then generates the same magnetic field for blowing the switching arc as the coil in the switch according to the prior art in the case of a short-circuit current which is typically 3 kA in a line network.
  • the yoke of the coil 22 is open because of the yoke plate 18 made of non-ferromagnetic material.
  • This open yoke has practically no influence on the magnetic blowing field of the coil 22 in the event of short-circuit currents, since the ferromagnetic parts, such as the magnetic bracket 16, are magnetically saturated with large currents.
  • the larger current intensity causes a higher power loss of the coil 22 than is the case with the switch according to the prior art, but these losses are compensated for by the low losses in the yoke plate 18.
  • the short-circuit current release trips above a specified response current, which is in accordance with the relevant regulations is eight times the nominal current.
  • This response current is typically 320 A for the switch according to the prior art, typically 504 A for the switch according to the invention. Since the yoke plate 18 and the magnetic bracket 16 consist of ferromagnetic material in the switch according to the prior art, the yoke of the coil 22 acts like a closed one magnetic circuit, in which a magnetic field sufficient to attract the armature is induced with a comparatively low response current. On the other hand, in the switch according to the invention, the yoke of the coil 22 forms an open magnetic circuit due to the non-ferromagnetic material.
  • the fact that the current is now conducted in double strands 12 and 74 with a double cross section instead of in single strands results in addition to a reduction in the ohmic resistance of the current path and also a current conductor with a stiffness that is four times lower than that of a single strand with comparable ohmic resistance.
  • the double strand 12 connected to the bimetallic strip 10 therefore influences the bimetallic strip with less force than a single strand with an ohmic resistance corresponding to the double strand 12. Scattering of the bimetallic strip 10 during thermal tripping is significantly reduced.
  • the double wire 74 connected to the movable contact 48 influences the contact force of the contact arrangement of the circuit breaker considerably less than a single wire with a comparable ohmic resistance.
  • the spring 70 can also be kept unchanged, since its force is almost entirely available for opening the movable contact 48. It is an advantage moreover, that the double strand is made from single strands already used in the switch according to the prior art, that is to say one single strand of double cross-section can be saved as an additional part.
  • the bimetal strip 10 can also be kept unchanged if the double strand 12 is attached to the bimetal strip 10 in an electrically conductive manner in such a way that the section of the bimetal strip 10 through which the line current flows is considerably shorter than the length of the bimetal strip 10 required for overcurrent tripping.
  • the heating power of the bimetal strip 10 can be kept at the same value as that of the switch according to the prior art, despite the higher current.
  • brass-free current connections 14 and 72 consisting predominantly of copper reduces the ohmic resistance in the current path of the circuit breaker according to the invention as well as the use of a noble metal, in particular containing AgNi. In particular after short-circuit current shutdowns, this use considerably reduces the contact resistance between the movable contact 48 and the fixed contact 44.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Disjoncteur de protection de ligne avec un disjoncteur magnétique de court-circuit et avec un disjoncteur de surintensité comportant une lame bimétallique (10), dans lequel le courant de ligne est conduit dans un chemin de courant, qui présente à côté de deux contacts (44, 48) mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre et d'un tronçon de la lame bimétallique (10), une bobine électromagnétique (22) et un tronçon d'une armature du disjoncteur de courant de court-circuit, dans lequel l'armature comprend un étrier magnétique (16) coudé en forme de U en une matière ferromagnétique et une tôle d'armature (18) assemblée frontalement à celui-ci, formant le tronçon d'armature conduisant le courant et fixant la lame bimétallique (10), et dans lequel le champ magnétique produit par la bobine (22) lors d'un courant de court-circuit sert à attirer un induit (24) du disjoncteur de courant de court-circuit et à souffler magnétiquement un arc électrique de coupure se formant à l'ouverture des contacts (44, 48), caractérisé en ce que la tôle d'armature (18) est formée d'une matière métallique non ferromagnétique, qui est comparable à la matière ferromagnétique de l'étrier magnétique (16) en ce qui concerne les propriétés mécaniques mais qui présente une conductibilité électrique plusieurs fois plus grande que cette matière, et en ce que l'armature est ouverte à cause de la tôle d'armature (18) formée d'une matière non ferromagnétique.
  2. Disjoncteur de protection de ligne suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la matière non ferromagnétique est un alliage à base de cuivre, argent et/ou aluminium.
  3. Disjoncteur de protection de ligne suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage non ferromagnétique contient principalement du cuivre ainsi qu'au moins du fer ou de l'étain.
  4. Disjoncteur de protection de ligne suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une liaison de courant flexible constituée par un premier fil torsadé double (12) est disposée dans le chemin de courant, entre l'élément bimétallique (10) et un premier (14) de deux raccords de courant (14, 72).
  5. Disjoncteur de protection de ligne suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le premier fil torsadé double (12) est fixé de façon électriquement conductrice à la lame bimétallique (10), de telle façon que le tronçon de la lame bimétallique (10) parcouru par le courant de ligne soit nettement plus court que la longueur de la lame bimétallique (10) nécessaire pour un déclenchement de surintensité.
  6. Disjoncteur de protection de ligne suivant l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce qu'une liaison de courant flexible, constituée par un second fil torsadé double (74), est disposée dans le chemin de courant entre un second (72) des deux raccords de courant (14, 72) et un contact mobile (48) des deux contacts (44, 48).
  7. Disjoncteur de protection de ligne suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le premier et/ou le second raccord de courant (14, 72) sont exempts de laiton et se composent principalement de cuivre.
  8. Disjoncteur de protection de ligne suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un des deux contacts (44, 48) comporte une pièce contenant un métal noble.
  9. Disjoncteur de protection de ligne suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la pièce est formée d'un alliage contenant de l'argent et du nickel.
EP19940103312 1993-03-19 1994-03-04 Disjoncteur de protection de ligne Expired - Lifetime EP0616350B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH848/93 1993-03-19
CH84893A CH685524A5 (de) 1993-03-19 1993-03-19 Leitungsschutzschalter.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0616350A1 EP0616350A1 (fr) 1994-09-21
EP0616350B1 true EP0616350B1 (fr) 1997-07-30

Family

ID=4196623

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19940103312 Expired - Lifetime EP0616350B1 (fr) 1993-03-19 1994-03-04 Disjoncteur de protection de ligne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0616350B1 (fr)
CH (1) CH685524A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59403501D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE502004007985D1 (de) 2004-07-05 2008-10-16 Abb Schweiz Ag Bewegliche Kontakteinheit für eine Kontaktanordnung eines Schutzschalters
EP1701370A1 (fr) 2005-03-11 2006-09-13 ABB Schweiz AG Déclencheur de surintensité pour un disjoncteur de protection
CN100429095C (zh) * 2005-08-29 2008-10-29 应云平 汽车电源防危装置
DE102009023557B3 (de) * 2009-05-30 2010-08-05 Abb Ag Elektrisches Schaltgerät mit einem thermischen Auslöser

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2291603A1 (fr) * 1974-11-15 1976-06-11 Saparel Dispositif de protection contre les surcharges de courant
US4165502A (en) * 1977-06-08 1979-08-21 Square D Company Current limiter assembly for a circuit breaker
FR2441254A1 (fr) * 1978-11-07 1980-06-06 Cime Bocuze Materiau de contact pour dispositif electrique et procede de fabrication
CH670726A5 (en) * 1986-06-16 1989-06-30 Maier & Cie C Circuit breaker release system - with thermal and magnetic trip acting on plastic trigger pin
DE3637275C1 (en) * 1986-11-03 1988-05-05 Flohr Peter Overcurrent trip device for protection switching apparatuses
DE9002197U1 (de) * 1990-02-24 1991-06-27 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Leitungsschutzschalter mit einem elektromagnetischen Auslöseorgan
US5049846A (en) * 1990-06-29 1991-09-17 General Electric Company Compact molded case circuit breaker with increased ampere rating

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH685524A5 (de) 1995-07-31
DE59403501D1 (de) 1997-09-04
EP0616350A1 (fr) 1994-09-21

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