EP0400379A1 - Device for tying bales made in a baling press - Google Patents

Abstract

In a device for tying bales with tying means (8) supplied via guides, insufficiently tied bales (6) can be prevented by providing the tying means feeds (7, 9, 9a, 9b) with a tying means running control (24). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for strapping bales with lacing means supplied via guides.

The tying of bales with wire or another suitable, not necessarily metallic binding material can be carried out on balers that work with either horizontal or vertical lacing. In the case of balers with vertical lacing, strapping can also be achieved with only one lower wire which is wrapped around the bale. For each bale, several wires, which are fed in parallel to one another, are normally required, the number of which depends on the bale dimensions. Especially if the bales to be strapped are of different lengths, they are tied up by means of wire supply rolls (wire bundle receptacles) and guide rolls supplied with upper and lower wires; After pulling up the lower wires fed under the bottom of the press box, these are twisted at the top of the bale with the upper wires.

A baler of this type has become known from DE-OS 24 19 151. The are in the process of pressing Lacing needles in a raised position above the press box. The baler has a number corresponding to the number of wires in the direction of its longitudinal axes of movable lacing pins which penetrate through openings in the press box. After the bale has been finished pressed, the lacing needles, which are movable and have a catch hook, are lowered. The top and bottom of the press channel have through openings and the head of the press ram grooves, which are crossed by the lacing needles, in order to pull a loop from the lower wire up over the upper side of the press channel, so that the twisting can follow with the upper wire.

The material to be processed in such baling presses can be various substances, for example waste paper or waste of any kind, which in addition to dry also contains moist and variously sized components; very bulky large parts are contained in commercial waste. It cannot be prevented, both with horizontal and in particular with vertical lacing, that material to be pressed during the pressing of these materials gets into or falls through the passage openings intended for the needles and leads to material accumulation on the wires, in particular on the bottom of the press box base runs underneath wires; for example, plastic material in particular wraps around the wires. Because of this accumulation of material, it cannot be completely ruled out that one or more lacing needles will not grasp the associated wire and will then be pulled up empty or pulled away horizontally. Such empty strokes are not detected in the automatic operation of a baling press, so that, if necessary, a plurality of tie loops cannot be formed. This does not only have the disadvantage of insufficient lacing As a result, but also leads to balers with vertical lacing that the lower wire is also not connected to the upper wire for receiving the subsequent bale in the tying levels concerned and thus the subsequent bale is not tied properly. In order to remedy an inevitably caused disruption of the operating sequence, the insufficiently tied up bale material must be removed from the baling channel, which not only takes time and involves a great deal of work, but also considerably impairs the operating performance of the baling press. The problem of insufficiently tied bales also arises in the case of wire breaks which are frequently unavoidable, for example due to material defects, when the wire supply on a supply roll has been used up by the operating personnel, and also when the wire has small bends or sagging and sagging and is therefore not caught by the needles.

The invention has for its object to develop a device of the type mentioned in such a way that the disadvantages mentioned no longer occur and insufficiently tied bales due to wires not detected are avoided.

This object is achieved in that the lacing agent feeds are provided with a lacing agent run control. The feeds are advantageously in the form of wire, in particular rolls (supply or guide rolls) supplying a lower wire; the lacing means is thus preferably wire. Based on the fact that the bale size determines which wire length is required to properly tie a bale, is the Invention based on the idea of using the length of the wire drawn off on the guide rollers as a criterion for the correct tying. If it is determined that a wire has not been pulled or pulled at all or only with an insufficient length, the baler is stopped immediately; The disturbances in the operation of the baler that were previously inevitable in these cases can thus be avoided. The wire run control is preferably electrically connected to an emergency switch which stops the baler, so that operation can be interrupted automatically in the event of faults. A wire run control means all measuring devices which are able to determine the movement of the unwound wire and / or to determine the length of the drawn wire.

Optical devices are suitable for monitoring, but preferably an electrical proximity switch monitoring the roller revolutions. The guide roller or the supply roller therefore advantageously has a marking which triggers counting pulses in a side surface facing the wire run control. The markings trigger switching impulses in the proximity switch, for example, which works capacitively or inductively, or in the optical control device, which works, for example, according to the light / dark principle, which enable information about the wire length drawn off. The only thing that needs to be determined is how many pulses are triggered by the guide or supply rolls rotating during the movement of the lacing needles when the wire is pulled off. If one of the rollers does not turn or does not rotate enough, this means that the wire fed to this roller has not been properly gripped and pulled off. In this case, the automatic operation of the Baler interrupted and an interference signal triggered. An operator can then lower or retract the lacing needles in manual mode and ensure that the wires are gripped and pulled off. The baler can then continue to operate in automatic mode.

The drawn-off wire length can also be determined directly by a control device, which then triggers an interference signal if necessary.

A slot-like recess in the rollers, the recurring appearance of which can be implemented by an optical control device as well as by an electrical proximity switch in the number of roller revolutions corresponding counting pulses, is advantageously suitable as the impulse marking.

The wire run control can be arranged on any guide roller, however, in a baler with vertical strapping, the rearmost guide rollers in the pressing direction, which are arranged in front of the press box bottom, are particularly suitable on the one hand because of their relative proximity to the through openings in the press box bottom, because this influences factors such as falsifying the measured values e.g. due to not taut, sagging wires, as far as possible exclude; on the other hand, the control or measuring point is located in a clean machine area.

According to one embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that a pair of guide rollers deflecting the wire in an S-shape have the monitored guide roller. The pair of guide rollers and the wire run control can advantageously be arranged in a common housing. That anyway Possible retrofitting of balers already in operation with the wire run control according to the invention can then be easily achieved with a modular cassette that already has all the components.

The S-shaped wire guide ensures that the wire lies against the controlled guide roller with a large wrap angle that prevents measurement errors due to slippage; this supports the frictional connection between the wire and the guide roller and ensures that the guide roller actually rotates when the wire is pulled off and up. At the same time, there is a wire straightening and tensioning effect. Short wire bends are in fact straightened and thus the gripping of the wires by means of the lacing needles is improved; Due to the taut tension in the tying area, there are no wire loops that make it difficult to grasp the wires. Of course, even without realizing the cassette construction, the controlled guide rollers can be assigned or connected upstream of a roller which dips into the wire run and effects an S-shaped wrap.

According to a further embodiment, the wire run control can be arranged in the pressing direction at a short distance from the supply roll. In this way, the wire end of the wire supply can be determined and the baling machine can be stopped in good time and the wire end can be connected to the start of a new wire in such a way that no damage or malfunctions occur. Therefore, a small distance means a distance that allows the wire end to be determined as quickly as possible; a distance of the wire run control of approximately 0.5 m in front of the supply roll is normally suitable.

• Fig. 1 eine mit erfindungsgemäß überwachten Führungsrol­len versehene Ballenpresse, in der Seitenansicht;
• Fig. 2 als Einzelheit ein in einer Kassette angeordne­tes, mit einer Drahtlaufkontrolle versehenes Füh­rungsrollenpaar; und
• Fig. 3 das Führungsrollenpaar gemäß Fig. 2 entlang der Linie III-III geschnitten.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiment for a vertical baling press shown in the drawings. It shows:

• 1 is a side view of a baler provided with guide rollers monitored according to the invention;
• 2 shows as a detail a pair of guide rollers arranged in a cassette and provided with a wire run control; and
• Fig. 3 cut the pair of guide rollers according to FIG. 2 along the line III-III.

1, the baler consists essentially of a rectangular press box 1 with press ram 2, and a punch drive, not shown. The press box 1 is followed by a press channel 3, the cross section of which, calculated from the press box 1 to the channel outlet opening 4, narrows slightly to produce the desired counterforce. For this purpose, at least one wall of the press channel 3 is adjustable in its inclination.

In the press box 1, a filling shaft 5 opens from above, through which the material to be pressed is fed. To produce each bale, several working strokes of the press ram 2 in the pressing direction 2a indicated by an arrow are required. In the example shown, there are three pressed bales 6 in the press channel 3, of which the middle and the right one are already tied with wire, while the left one is ready for tying.

From a lower supply roll 7, a lower wire 8 runs below the press box base 1a via a guide roller 9 around the front end face 10 of the bale to be tied and is connected at the top of this bale via a twist 11a to an upper wire 12 which is from an upper supply roll 13 is subtracted. A lacing needle 14 with catch hook 15 movable up and down in the direction of its longitudinal axis - for the sake of simplicity, only one lacing needle for a wire loop is shown in FIG. 1, of which several are arranged in a practical embodiment in alignment perpendicular to the plane of the drawing - can be passed through at the desired time the press box 1 and a groove 2b formed in the head of the press ram 2 and a passage opening 1b present in the press box base 1a are moved and a wire loop 8a, 8b is pulled up from the lower wire 8 to above the top of the press channel, so that the wire path 8a of the wire loop assigned to the rear side of the bale comes into a position closely adjacent to the upper wire 12 held vertically tensioned between two deflection rollers 16, 17.

On the press channel 3, a housing 18 is arranged to move back and forth on rails, not shown. The housing 18 is a carrier of a tying head 19 which pivots into the wires 8, 12 and twists them together. In Fig. 1 the tying head 19 is drawn in the already retracted state. It contains, among other things, a seed wheel 20 with a slot, which is driven by a motor 21. This creates the twists 11a and 11b, which are later separated from one another by means of a cutting knife 22 located above the twisting wheel 20.

The foremost guide roller 9, which lies in the pressing direction 2a in front of the passage opening 1b in the press box floor 1a, is preceded by a pair of guide rollers 23 consisting of two guide rollers 9a, 9b in a clean area of the baler which is not affected by falling waste. The guide roller 9a is assigned a wire run control 24 shown in FIG. 3, which is designed as an electrical proximity switch 25. Such a wire run control 24 can also be assigned to the top wire 12, e.g. to be able to signal a wire break. The guide roller 9a, which dips into the lower wire 8 with its roller groove 26 and guides it in an S-shape around the guide roller 9b, has a slot 27 which, in accordance with the number of its revolutions, i. Whenever it comes into the area of an initiator or pulse generator 28 of the proximity switch 25, it triggers counting pulses that make it possible to determine the length of the lower wire 8 drawn up by the lacing needle 14. If no or only an insufficient number of pulses are triggered, the proximity switch 25 sends a fault signal via a line 29 to an emergency switch 30 which switches off the baler.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the guide rollers 9a, 9b of the pair of guide rollers 23 are mounted on axes 31 which are arranged in a plate housing 32 which receives both guide rollers 9a, .9b. The guide roller 9a is larger in diameter than the guide roller 9b; in addition, the roller axes 31 are not at the same height, so that there is an S-shaped displacement of the lower wire 8 drawn off via the guide rollers 9a, 9b. The wire run control 24 is also integrated via a support arm 33 welded to the plate housing 32 part of the pair of guide rollers 23 and the plate housing 32 formed. The plate housing 32 can be attached to the frame of the baler by means of an attachment 34 below the press box 1, preferably screwed on, so that existing balers can easily be retrofitted with a wire run control 24; in addition, the entire disk housing 32 can be easily replaced.

Claims (10)

1. A device for tying bales with lacing means supplied via guides, characterized in that the lacing agent feeds (8) are provided with a lacing agent run control (24). 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeds as a wire (8), in particular a sub-wire feeding rollers (supply rollers 7 or guide rollers 9, 9a, 9b) are formed. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by an electrical proximity switch (25) monitoring the roller revolutions as wire run control (24). 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized by an optical wire run control (24). 5. The device according to one or more of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the guide roller (9, 9a, 9b) or the supply roller (7) at least in the the wire surface control (24) facing side surface has a counting trigger triggering mark (27). 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized by a slot-like recess (27) of the guide roller (9, 9a, 9b) or the supply roller (7). 7. The device according to one or more of claims 2 to 6, characterized by a wire (8) s-shaped deflecting, the monitored guide roller (9a) having guide roller pair (23). 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that a housing (32) receives the pair of guide rollers (23) and the wire run control (24). 9. The device according to one or more of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the wire run control (24) is electrically connected to an emergency switch (30) which stops the baler. 10. The device according to one or more of claims 2 to 6 or 8 and 9, characterized in that the wire run control (24) in the pressing direction (2a) is arranged at a short distance in front of the supply roll (7).

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