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EP0366606A1 - Hot gas cooler for a coal gasification plant - Google Patents

Hot gas cooler for a coal gasification plant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0366606A1
EP0366606A1 EP89810754A EP89810754A EP0366606A1 EP 0366606 A1 EP0366606 A1 EP 0366606A1 EP 89810754 A EP89810754 A EP 89810754A EP 89810754 A EP89810754 A EP 89810754A EP 0366606 A1 EP0366606 A1 EP 0366606A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure vessel
cooling device
gas
gas outlet
outlet line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89810754A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0366606B1 (en
Inventor
Georg Ziegler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Management AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer AG
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
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Publication of EP0366606A1 publication Critical patent/EP0366606A1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1838—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations
    • F22B1/1846—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations the hot gas being loaded with particles, e.g. waste heat boilers after a coal gasification plant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1884—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being synthesis gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hot gas cooling system for a coal gasification system, with a radiation cooling device and at least one convection cooling device, the radiation cooling device consisting of an essentially cylindrical pressure vessel with a vertical longitudinal axis, an insert made of tubes arranged coaxially in the pressure vessel and a shirt surrounding the insert made of tubes, the Insert is connected at its upper end to the coal gasification system via a gas supply channel penetrating the pressure vessel and the insert forms a first gas flue and an annular space between the insert and the shirt forms a second gas flue connected downstream on the gas side, the convection cooling device located next to the radiation cooling device also comprising an im consists essentially of a cylindrical pressure vessel with a vertical longitudinal axis and cooling tube bundles arranged therein and a gas outlet near the upper end of the annular space on the pressure vessel ts effet is connected, which, curved, leads into the interior of the pressure vessel of the convection cooling device.
  • a hot gas cooling system of this type is known from US Pat. No. 4,328,007.
  • the gas outlet line penetrates with a straight section through the cylindrical wall of the pressure vessel of the convection cooling device and then leads with a curved section to a channel containing the convection heating surfaces within the pressure vessel.
  • This construction has the disadvantage that the gas outlet line cannot be dismantled because it runs for the most part within the pressure vessel.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a hot gas cooling system of the type mentioned in a structurally simple manner so that the connection between the two pressure vessels can be easily dismantled.
  • the gas outlet line is led from above to the pressure vessel of the convection cooling device and that it is detachably connected to the two pressure vessels by means of flange connections.
  • This design of the gas outlet line means that it is fully accessible at all times along its entire length and can be easily dismantled by loosening the flange connections. This also makes any maintenance work in the convection cooling device considerably easier, provided that it is carried out from above.
  • the hot gas cooling system essentially consists of a radiation cooling device 1 and a convection cooling device 2, only the upper part of which is shown.
  • the radiation cooling device 1 has a cylindrical pressure vessel 3, which is penetrated at its upper end by a gas supply channel 4, which is connected to a coal gasification reactor, not shown.
  • an insert 42 is provided in the latter, which is formed from vertical, closely adjacent tubes 50 and which surrounds a first gas duct 5 through which the hot gas flows from top to bottom.
  • the insert 42 is surrounded by a shirt 43, which is also formed from vertical tubes which are welded together in the manner of a membrane wall.
  • the shirt 43 surrounds the insert 42 at a distance, so that an annular space remains between them, through which the gas flows from bottom to top and forms a second throttle cable 6.
  • the tubes of the insert 42 and the shirt 43 are connected at their lower and upper ends to ring collectors 7 and 8, respectively.
  • a coolant e.g. Water supplied, which evaporates when flowing through the tubes and is discharged from the upper collector 8 via a line 10.
  • the tubes of the insert 42 and the shirt 43 are suspended near their upper end on a support system consisting of profile supports 11, so that they can freely expand downwards.
  • a funnel 12 which tapers downwards and penetrates the bottom of the pressure vessel 3 and which is partly filled with water and serves to collect ash and slag particles which are carried by the hot gas stream and when it is deflected from the first gas train 5 into the second gas train 6 be thrown out.
  • the convection cooling device 2 likewise has a pressure vessel 15 with a vertical axis and a plurality of cooling tube bundles 13 are arranged in the interior thereof, only one of which is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the pressure vessel 15 is closed at the top by a cover 16 which is detachably connected to the pressure vessel 15 via a flange connection 17.
  • the two adjacent pressure vessels 3 and 15 are supported in their upper area by claws 19 and 20 on a common foundation 18.
  • a radial gas outlet connection 30 is connected to the pressure vessel 3, which tapers conically and has a flange 29 at its tapered end.
  • the tubes of the shirt 43 are bent outward in the manner of a loop in such a way that they cover the inner surface of the connector and the flange.
  • the gas flow is calmed by the conical shape of the nozzle 30.
  • a connecting line 26 connects, which here has the form of a 90 o -Krümmers and which is provided at both ends with a flange 27 and 28th
  • the flange 27 is detachably connected to the flange 29 by screws, not shown.
  • the flange 28 is opposite a flange 32 which is connected to the cover 16 of the Pressure vessel 15 is attached and which is also releasably connected to the flange 28 by means of several screws.
  • the flanges 27 and 29 on the one hand and 28 and 32 on the other hand are therefore at right angles to one another.
  • a line 25 guiding the gas flow which begins at the flange 27 and penetrates the cover 16 in a 90 ° bend from above and projects into the interior of the pressure vessel 15. Thanks to the detachable flange connections, the connecting line 26 can be removed from the pressure vessels 3 and 15 together with the gas guide line 25.
  • the gas guide line 25 from the flange 27 to its end projecting into the interior of the pressure vessel 15 is designed as a cooled line.
  • the line 25 consists of a number, for example sixteen, of tubes 35 bent in accordance with the course of the line, which are connected at their upper end to a ring collector 36 and at their lower end to a ring collector 37. Pipes 35 lying next to one another are welded to one another via interposed webs 38, so that they form a coherent curved body.
  • the tube 35 bent with the smallest radius of curvature is connected to a coolant supply pipe 39 which is arranged radially and penetrates the connecting line 26.
  • the ring collector 36 is divided into two spaces by two partitions, in such a way that five tubes 35 lying on the inside of the bend in FIG. 2 are connected to one space of the collector, while the other eleven tubes 35 located on the outside of the bend are connected to the second Collector room are connected.
  • the tube 35 with the largest radius of curvature has a radial coolant discharge pipe 39 ', which the Connecting line 26 penetrates. In this way, a natural circulation of the coolant results in that the coolant supplied via the pipe 39 flows downwards in the five pipes 35 on the inside of the curve and then flows upwards after collection and distribution in the collector 37 in the eleven pipes 35 on the outside of the curve, after which heated coolant is discharged via the pipe 39 '.
  • the coolant flowing in the pipe 39 divides at the junction with the pipe 35 into two partial flows, one of which flows directly into the downward section of this pipe, whereas the other partial flow flows to the ring collector 36 and is distributed there to the remaining four downpipes .
  • two coolant partial flows come together in the discharge pipe 39 ', namely an upward flowing partial flow in the pipe 35 with the largest radius of curvature and a partial flow from the other riser pipes, which reaches the pipe 39' via the upper space of the ring collector 36.
  • the ring collector 36 is connected to the flange 27 of the connecting line 26 via a compensator 40.
  • a plurality of radial support plates 41 are welded over the length of the line 25 and, in the assembled state, rest on the inner surface of the connecting line 26.
  • the penetration point of the feed pipe 39 and the discharge pipe 39 'on the connecting line 26 can be designed as a flexible, tight connection, e.g. in the form of so-called thermosleeves.
  • a tab 14 is provided between the two pressure vessels 3 and 15, which is articulated with two mutually opposite claws 19 and 20 is connected.
  • the tab 14 absorbs horizontal forces acting on the pressure vessels and thus relieves the connecting line 26 of these forces. If the distance between the pressure vessels 3 and 15 should be drawn larger than in Fig. 1, a straight pipe section can be inserted between the flanges 27 and 29, the tab 14 being dimensioned correspondingly longer. In such a case, it may be advisable to make the tab 14 hollow and to switch it into the coolant circuit which circulates in the gas guide line 25.
  • this line can also consist of a curved tube with a smooth inside and tubes flowed through with coolant on the outside thereof.
  • a smooth inside of the gas conduction line is also obtained if the line is welded together from known ⁇ tubes through which coolant flows.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

Die Heissgaskühlanlage weist eine Strahlungskühlvorrich­tung (1) und eine neben dieser stehende Konvektionskühl­vorrichtung (2) auf. Die Strahlungskühlvorrichtung (1) besteht aus einem zylindrischen vertikalen Druckgefäss (3), einem darin koaxial angeordneten Einsatz (42) aus Rohren und einem den Einsatz umgebenden Hemd (43) aus Rohren. Zwischen dem Einsatz (42) und dem Hemd (43) ist ein gasdurchströmter Ringraum (6) gebildet. Auch die Konvektionskühlvorrichtung (2) besteht aus einem zylin­drischen vertikalen Druckgefäss (15) und darin angeordne­ten Kühlrohrbündeln (13). Am oberen Ende des Ringraumes (6) ist am Druckgefäss (3) eine Gasaustrittsleitung (26) angeschlossen, die, gebogen verlaufend, von oben her an das Druckgefäss (15) der Konvektionskühlvorrichtung (2) geführt ist. Die Gasaustrittsleitung (26) ist mittels Flanschverbindungen (27,29; 28,32) mit den beiden Druckgefässen (3,15) lösbar verbunden.

Figure imgaf001
The hot gas cooling system has a radiation cooling device (1) and a convection cooling device (2) standing next to it. The radiation cooling device (1) consists of a cylindrical vertical pressure vessel (3), an insert (42) made of tubes arranged coaxially therein and a shirt (43) surrounding the insert made of tubes. An annular space (6) through which gas flows is formed between the insert (42) and the shirt (43). The convection cooling device (2) also consists of a cylindrical vertical pressure vessel (15) and cooling tube bundles (13) arranged therein. At the upper end of the annular space (6), a gas outlet line (26) is connected to the pressure vessel (3) and, curved, is guided from above to the pressure vessel (15) of the convection cooling device (2). The gas outlet line (26) is detachably connected to the two pressure vessels (3.15) by means of flange connections (27.29; 28.32).
Figure imgaf001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Heissgaskühlanlage zu einer Kohlevergasungsanlage, mit einer Strahlungskühlvorrich­tung und mindestens einer Konvektionskühlvorrichtung, wobei die Strahlungskühlvorrichtung aus einem im wesent­lichen zylindrischen Druckgefäss mit vertikaler Längsach­se, einem im Druckgefäss koaxial angeordneten Einsatz aus Rohren und einem den Einsatz umgebenden Hemd aus Rohren besteht, wobei der Einsatz an seinem oberen Ende über einen das Druckgefäss durchdringenden Gaszufuhrkanal mit der Kohlevergasungsanlage verbunden ist und der Einsatz einen ersten Gaszug und ein Ringraum zwischen dem Einsatz und dem Hemd einen zweiten, gasseitig nachgeschalteten Gaszug bilden, wobei ferner die neben der Strahlungskühl­vorrichtung stehende Konvektionskühlvorrichtung aus einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen Druckgefäss mit vertikaler Längsachse und darin angeordneten Kühlrohrbündeln besteht und wobei nahe dem oberen Ende des Ringraumes am Druck­gefäss eine Gasaustrittsleitung angeschlossen ist, die, gebogen verlaufend, in das Innere des Druckgefässes der Konvektionskühlvorrichtung führt.The invention relates to a hot gas cooling system for a coal gasification system, with a radiation cooling device and at least one convection cooling device, the radiation cooling device consisting of an essentially cylindrical pressure vessel with a vertical longitudinal axis, an insert made of tubes arranged coaxially in the pressure vessel and a shirt surrounding the insert made of tubes, the Insert is connected at its upper end to the coal gasification system via a gas supply channel penetrating the pressure vessel and the insert forms a first gas flue and an annular space between the insert and the shirt forms a second gas flue connected downstream on the gas side, the convection cooling device located next to the radiation cooling device also comprising an im consists essentially of a cylindrical pressure vessel with a vertical longitudinal axis and cooling tube bundles arranged therein and a gas outlet near the upper end of the annular space on the pressure vessel tsleitung is connected, which, curved, leads into the interior of the pressure vessel of the convection cooling device.

Eine Heissgaskühlanlage dieser Art ist aus der US-PS 4 328 007 bekannt. Hierbei durchdringt die Gasaustritts­leitung mit einem geraden Abschnitt die zylindrische Wand des Druckgefässes der Konvektionskühleinrichtung und führt dann mit einem gebogenen Abschnitt zu einem die Konvektionsheizflächen enthaltenden Kanal innerhalb des Druckgefässes. Diese Konstruktion hat den Nachteil, dass sich die Gasaustrittsleitung nicht demontieren lässt, weil sie zum grössten Teil innerhalb des Druckgefässes verläuft.A hot gas cooling system of this type is known from US Pat. No. 4,328,007. Here, the gas outlet line penetrates with a straight section through the cylindrical wall of the pressure vessel of the convection cooling device and then leads with a curved section to a channel containing the convection heating surfaces within the pressure vessel. This construction has the disadvantage that the gas outlet line cannot be dismantled because it runs for the most part within the pressure vessel.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Heissgas­kühlanlage der eingangs genannten Art auf konstruktiv einfache Weise so zu verbessern, dass die Verbindung zwischen den beiden Druckgefässen leicht demontierbar ist.The invention has for its object to improve a hot gas cooling system of the type mentioned in a structurally simple manner so that the connection between the two pressure vessels can be easily dismantled.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass die Gasaustrittsleitung von oben her an das Druckgefäss der Konvektionskühlvorrichtung herangeführt ist und dass sie mittels Flanschverbindungen mit den beiden Druckge­fässen lösbar verbunden ist. Durch diese Gestaltung der Gasaustrittsleitung ist diese auf ihrer ganzen Länge jederzeit voll zugänglich und lässt sich auf einfache Weise durch Lösen der Flanschverbindungen demontieren. Damit werden auch etwaige Unterhaltsarbeiten in der Konvektionskühlvorrichtung wesentlich erleichtert, sofern sie von oben her durchgeführt werden.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the gas outlet line is led from above to the pressure vessel of the convection cooling device and that it is detachably connected to the two pressure vessels by means of flange connections. This design of the gas outlet line means that it is fully accessible at all times along its entire length and can be easily dismantled by loosening the flange connections. This also makes any maintenance work in the convection cooling device considerably easier, provided that it is carried out from above.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der folgen­den Beschreibung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 schematisch vereinfacht einen Vertikal­schnitt durch eine Heissgaskühlage nach der Erfindung und
  • Fig. 2 in grösserem Massstab als Fig. 1, den Verbindungsbereich zwischen der Strah­lungskühlvorrichtung und der Konvektions­kühlvorrichtung.
An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 schematically simplified a vertical section through a hot gas cooling system according to the invention and
  • Fig. 2 on a larger scale than Fig. 1, the connection area between the radiation cooling device and the convection cooling device.

Gemäss Fig. 1 besteht die Heissgaskühlanlage im wesentli­chen aus einer Strahlungskühlvorrichtung 1 und einer Konvektionskühlvorrichtung 2, von der nur der obere Teil dargestellt ist. Die Strahlungskühlvorrichtung 1 weist ein zylindrisches Druckgefäss 3 auf, das an seinem oberen Ende von einem Gaszufuhrkanal 4 durchdrungen wird, der mit einem nicht gezeichneten Kohlevergasungsreaktor in Verbindung steht. Koaxial zum Druckgefäss 3 ist in diesem ein Einsatz 42 vorgesehen, der aus vertikalen, eng nebeneinanderliegenden Rohren 50 gebildet ist und der einen vom Heissgas von oben nach unten durchströmten ersten Gaszug 5 umschliesst. Der Einsatz 42 ist von einem Hemd 43 umgeben, das ebenfalls aus vertikalen Rohren gebildet ist, die nach Art einer Membranwand dicht zusammengeschweisst sind. Das Hemd 43 umgibt den Einsatz 42 mit Abstand, so dass dazwischen ein Ringraum frei­bleibt, der vom Gas von unten nach oben durchströmt wird und einen zweiten Gaszug 6 bildet. Die Rohre des Ein­satzes 42 und des Hemdes 43 sind an ihren unteren und oberen Enden mit Ringkollektoren 7 bzw. 8 verbunden. Dem Kollektor 7 wird über eine Leitung 9 ein Kühlmittel, z.B. Wasser, zugeführt, das beim Durchströmen der Rohre verdampft und aus dem oberen Kollektor 8 über eine Leitung 10 abgeleitet wird.1, the hot gas cooling system essentially consists of a radiation cooling device 1 and a convection cooling device 2, only the upper part of which is shown. The radiation cooling device 1 has a cylindrical pressure vessel 3, which is penetrated at its upper end by a gas supply channel 4, which is connected to a coal gasification reactor, not shown. Coaxial to the pressure vessel 3, an insert 42 is provided in the latter, which is formed from vertical, closely adjacent tubes 50 and which surrounds a first gas duct 5 through which the hot gas flows from top to bottom. The insert 42 is surrounded by a shirt 43, which is also formed from vertical tubes which are welded together in the manner of a membrane wall. The shirt 43 surrounds the insert 42 at a distance, so that an annular space remains between them, through which the gas flows from bottom to top and forms a second throttle cable 6. The tubes of the insert 42 and the shirt 43 are connected at their lower and upper ends to ring collectors 7 and 8, respectively. A coolant, e.g. Water supplied, which evaporates when flowing through the tubes and is discharged from the upper collector 8 via a line 10.

Die Rohre des Einsatzes 42 und des Hemdes 43 sind nahe ihrem oberen Ende an einem aus Profilträgern 11 bestehen­den Tragsystem aufgehängt, so dass sie sich nach unten frei dehnen können. Unterhalb des unteren Kollektors 7 ist ein sich nach unten verjüngender, den Boden des Druckgefässes 3 durchdringender Trichter 12 vorgesehen, der teilweise mit Wasser gefüllt ist und zum Auffangen von Asche und Schlacketeilchen dient, die vom Heissgas­strom mitgeführt werden und bei dessen Umlenkung vom ersten Gaszug 5 in den zweiten Gaszug 6 ausgeschleudert werden.The tubes of the insert 42 and the shirt 43 are suspended near their upper end on a support system consisting of profile supports 11, so that they can freely expand downwards. Below the lower collector 7 there is provided a funnel 12 which tapers downwards and penetrates the bottom of the pressure vessel 3 and which is partly filled with water and serves to collect ash and slag particles which are carried by the hot gas stream and when it is deflected from the first gas train 5 into the second gas train 6 be thrown out.

Die Konvektionskühlvorrichtung 2 weist ebenfalls ein Druckgefäss 15 mit vertikaler Achse auf und in seinem Innern sind mehrere Kühlrohrbündel 13 angeordnet, von denen in Fig. 1 nur eines dargestellt ist. Das Druck­gefäss 15 ist nach oben durch einen Deckel 16 verschlos­sen, der über eine Flanschverbindung 17 mit dem Druck­gefäss 15 lösbar verbunden ist. Die beiden nebeneinander­stehenden Druckgefässe 3 und 15 sind in ihrem oberen Bereich über Pratzen 19 und 20 auf einem gemeinsamen Fundament 18 abgestützt.The convection cooling device 2 likewise has a pressure vessel 15 with a vertical axis and a plurality of cooling tube bundles 13 are arranged in the interior thereof, only one of which is shown in FIG. 1. The pressure vessel 15 is closed at the top by a cover 16 which is detachably connected to the pressure vessel 15 via a flange connection 17. The two adjacent pressure vessels 3 and 15 are supported in their upper area by claws 19 and 20 on a common foundation 18.

Nahe dem oberen Ende des Ringraumes oder zweiten Gaszuges 6 ist am Druckgefäss 3 ein radialer Gasaustrittsstutzen 30 angeschlossen, der sich konisch verjüngt und an seinem verjüngten Ende einen Flansch 29 aufweist. Im Bereich dieses Austrittsstutzens 30 sind die Rohre des Hemdes 43 schleifenartig so nach aussen gebogen, dass sie die Innenfläche des Stutzens und des Flansches bedecken. Durch die konische Form des Stutzens 30 wird die Gasströ­mung beruhigt. An den Flansch 29 schliesst sich eine Verbindungsleitung 26 an, die hier die Form eines 90o-Krümmers aufweist und die an ihren beiden Enden mit je einem Flansch 27 und 28 versehen ist. Der Flansch 27 ist über nicht dargestellte Schrauben mit dem Flansch 29 lösbar verbunden. Dem Flansch 28 steht ein Flansch 32 gegenüber, der über einen Stutzen 33 am Deckel 16 des Druckgefässes 15 befestigt ist und der ebenfalls über mehrere Schrauben mit dem Flansch 28 lösbar verbunden ist. Die Flansche 27 und 29 einerseits und 28 und 32 andererseits stehen also im rechten Winkel zueinander. Innerhalb der Verbindungsleitung 26 ist eine den Gasstrom führende Leitung 25 angeordnet, die am Flansch 27 beginnt und in einem 90°-Bogen von oben her den Deckel 16 durch­dringt und in das Innere des Druckgefässes 15 ragt. Dank der lösbaren Flanschverbindungen lässt sich die Verbin­dungsleitung 26 zusammen mit der Gasführungsleitung 25 von den Druckgefässen 3 und 15 demontieren.Near the upper end of the annular space or second gas flue 6, a radial gas outlet connection 30 is connected to the pressure vessel 3, which tapers conically and has a flange 29 at its tapered end. In the area of this outlet connector 30, the tubes of the shirt 43 are bent outward in the manner of a loop in such a way that they cover the inner surface of the connector and the flange. The gas flow is calmed by the conical shape of the nozzle 30. To the flange 29, a connecting line 26 connects, which here has the form of a 90 o -Krümmers and which is provided at both ends with a flange 27 and 28th The flange 27 is detachably connected to the flange 29 by screws, not shown. The flange 28 is opposite a flange 32 which is connected to the cover 16 of the Pressure vessel 15 is attached and which is also releasably connected to the flange 28 by means of several screws. The flanges 27 and 29 on the one hand and 28 and 32 on the other hand are therefore at right angles to one another. Arranged within the connecting line 26 is a line 25 guiding the gas flow, which begins at the flange 27 and penetrates the cover 16 in a 90 ° bend from above and projects into the interior of the pressure vessel 15. Thanks to the detachable flange connections, the connecting line 26 can be removed from the pressure vessels 3 and 15 together with the gas guide line 25.

Gemäss Fig. 2 ist die Gasführungsleitung 25 vom Flansch 27 aus bis zu ihrem in das Innere des Druckgefässes 15 ragenden Ende als gekühlte Leitung ausgebildet. Zu diesem Zweck besteht die Leitung 25 aus einer Anzahl, z.B. sechzehn, dem Leitungsverlauf entsprechend gebogener Rohre 35, die an ihrem oberen Ende mit einem Ringkollek­tor 36 und an ihrem unteren Ende mit einem Ringkollektor 37 verbunden sind. Jeweils nebeneinanderliegende Rohre 35 sind über zwischengelegte Stege 38 miteinander ver­schweisst, so dass sie einen zusammenhängenden gekrümmten Körper bilden. Nahe dem oberen Ringkollektor 36 ist das mit dem kleinsten Krümmungsradius gebogene Rohr 35 mit einem Kühlmittelzufuhrrohr 39 verbunden, das radial angeordnet ist und die Verbindungsleitung 26 durchdringt. Der Ringkollektor 36 ist durch zwei Trennwände in zwei Räume unterteilt, und zwar so, dass fünf in Fig. 2 auf der Krümmungsinnenseite liegende Rohre 35 an den einen Raum des Kollektors angeschlossen sind, während die übrigen elf auf der Krümmungsaussenseite befindlichen Rohre 35 an den zweiten Kollektorraum angeschlossen sind. Das Rohr 35 mit dem grössten Krümmungsradius weist ein radiales Kühlmittelabfuhrrohr 39′ auf, das die Verbindungsleitung 26 durchdringt. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich ein Naturumlauf des Kühlmittels, indem das über das Rohr 39 zugeführte Kühlmittel in den fünf Rohren 35 auf der Krümmungsinnenseite abwärts strömt und dann nach Sammlung und Verteilung im Kollektor 37 in den elf Rohren 35 auf der Krümmungsaussenseite aufwärts strömt, wonach das erwärmte Kühlmittel über das Rohr 39′ abgeführt wird. Das im Rohr 39 zuströmende Kühlmittel teilt sich an der Verbindungsstelle mit dem Rohr 35 in zwei Teilströme, von denen der eine direkt in den abwärts gerichteten Ab­schnitt dieses Rohres weiterströmt, wogegen der andere Teilstrom zum Ringkollektor 36 strömt und sich dort auf die übrigen vier Fallrohre verteilt. Analog kommen im Abfuhrrohr 39′ zwei Kühlmittelteilströme zusammen, nämlich ein aufwärtsströmender Teilstrom im Rohr 35 mit dem grössten Krümmungsradius und ein Teilstrom aus den übrigen Steigrohren, der über den oberen Raum des Ring­kollektors 36 zum Rohr 39′ gelangt.2, the gas guide line 25 from the flange 27 to its end projecting into the interior of the pressure vessel 15 is designed as a cooled line. For this purpose, the line 25 consists of a number, for example sixteen, of tubes 35 bent in accordance with the course of the line, which are connected at their upper end to a ring collector 36 and at their lower end to a ring collector 37. Pipes 35 lying next to one another are welded to one another via interposed webs 38, so that they form a coherent curved body. Near the upper ring collector 36, the tube 35 bent with the smallest radius of curvature is connected to a coolant supply pipe 39 which is arranged radially and penetrates the connecting line 26. The ring collector 36 is divided into two spaces by two partitions, in such a way that five tubes 35 lying on the inside of the bend in FIG. 2 are connected to one space of the collector, while the other eleven tubes 35 located on the outside of the bend are connected to the second Collector room are connected. The tube 35 with the largest radius of curvature has a radial coolant discharge pipe 39 ', which the Connecting line 26 penetrates. In this way, a natural circulation of the coolant results in that the coolant supplied via the pipe 39 flows downwards in the five pipes 35 on the inside of the curve and then flows upwards after collection and distribution in the collector 37 in the eleven pipes 35 on the outside of the curve, after which heated coolant is discharged via the pipe 39 '. The coolant flowing in the pipe 39 divides at the junction with the pipe 35 into two partial flows, one of which flows directly into the downward section of this pipe, whereas the other partial flow flows to the ring collector 36 and is distributed there to the remaining four downpipes . Analogously, two coolant partial flows come together in the discharge pipe 39 ', namely an upward flowing partial flow in the pipe 35 with the largest radius of curvature and a partial flow from the other riser pipes, which reaches the pipe 39' via the upper space of the ring collector 36.

Der Ringkollektor 36 ist mit dem Flansch 27 der Verbin­dungsleitung 26 über einen Kompensator 40 verbunden. Im übrigen sind über die Länge der Leitung 25 verteilt mehrere radiale Stützbleche 41 angeschweisst, die im zusammengebauten Zustand an der Innenfläche der Verbin­dungsleitung 26 anliegen. Die Durchdringungsstelle des Zufuhrrohres 39 und des Abfuhrrohres 39′ an der Verbin­dungsleitung 26 kann als dehnbewegliche dichte Verbindung ausgebildet sein, z.B. in Form von sogenannten Thermo­sleeves.The ring collector 36 is connected to the flange 27 of the connecting line 26 via a compensator 40. For the rest, a plurality of radial support plates 41 are welded over the length of the line 25 and, in the assembled state, rest on the inner surface of the connecting line 26. The penetration point of the feed pipe 39 and the discharge pipe 39 'on the connecting line 26 can be designed as a flexible, tight connection, e.g. in the form of so-called thermosleeves.

Im oberen Bereich der beiden nebeneinanderstehenden Kühlvorrichtungen 1 und 2 ist gemäss Fig. 1 zwischen den beiden Druckgefässen 3 und 15 eine Lasche 14 vorgesehen, die gelenkig mit zwei einander gegenüberstehenden Pratzen 19 und 20 verbunden ist. Die Lasche 14 nimmt an den Druckgefässen wirkende Horizontalkräfte auf und entlastet damit die Verbindungsleitung 26 von diesen Kräften. Falls der Abstand zwischen den Druckgefässen 3 und 15 grösser als in Fig. 1 gezeichnet sein sollte, so kann zwischen die Flansche 27 und 29 ein geradliniges Rohrstück einge­setzt werden, wobei die Lasche 14 entsprechend länger zu bemessen ist. In einem solchen Fall kann es sich empfeh­len, die Lasche 14 hohl auszubilden und in den Kühlmit­telkreislauf einzuschalten, der in der Gasführungsleitung 25 zirkuliert.In the upper area of the two adjacent cooling devices 1 and 2, according to FIG. 1, a tab 14 is provided between the two pressure vessels 3 and 15, which is articulated with two mutually opposite claws 19 and 20 is connected. The tab 14 absorbs horizontal forces acting on the pressure vessels and thus relieves the connecting line 26 of these forces. If the distance between the pressure vessels 3 and 15 should be drawn larger than in Fig. 1, a straight pipe section can be inserted between the flanges 27 and 29, the tab 14 being dimensioned correspondingly longer. In such a case, it may be advisable to make the tab 14 hollow and to switch it into the coolant circuit which circulates in the gas guide line 25.

Abweichend von der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform der Gasführungsleitung 25 in Rohr-Steg-Rohr-Konstruktion kann diese Leitung auch aus einem gebogenen Rohr mit glatter Innenseite und auf dessen Aussenseite aufge­schweissten, kühlmitteldurchströmten Rohren bestehen. Eine glatte Innenseite der Gasführungsleitung erhält man auch, wenn die Leitung aus kühlmitteldurchströmten, an sich bekannten Ω-Rohren zusammengeschweisst wird.Deviating from the embodiment of the gas guide line 25 in a tube-web-tube construction shown in FIG. 2, this line can also consist of a curved tube with a smooth inside and tubes flowed through with coolant on the outside thereof. A smooth inside of the gas conduction line is also obtained if the line is welded together from known Ω tubes through which coolant flows.

Claims (11)

1. Heissgaskühlanlage zu einer Kohlevergasungsanlage, mit einer Strahlungskühlvorrichtung und mindestens einer Konvektionskühlvorrichtung, wobei die Strah­lungskühlvorrichtung aus einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen Druckgefäss mit vertikaler Längsachse, einem im Druckgefäss koaxial angeordneten Einsatz aus Rohren und einem den Einsatz umgebenden Hemd aus Rohren besteht, wobei der Einsatz an seinem oberen Ende über einen das Druckgefäss durchdringenden Gaszufuhrkanal mit der Kohlevergasungsanlage verbun­den ist und der Einsatz einen ersten Gaszug und ein Ringraum zwischen dem Einsatz und dem Hemd einen zweiten, gasseitig nachgeschalteten Gaszug bilden, wobei ferner die neben der Strahlungskühlvorrichtung stehende Konvektionskühlvorrichtung aus einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen Druckgefäss mit vertikaler Längsachse und darin angeordneten Kühlrohrbündeln besteht und wobei nahe dem oberen Ende des Ringraumes am Druckgefäss eine Gasaustrittsleitung angeschlossen ist, die, gebogen verlaufend, in das Innere des Druckgefässes der Konvektionskühlvorrichtung führt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gasaustrittsleitung von oben her an das Druckgefäss der Konvektionskühlvorrichtung herangeführt ist und dass sie mittels Flanschverbindungen mit den beiden Druckgefässen lösbar verbunden ist.1.Hot gas cooling system for a coal gasification system, with a radiation cooling device and at least one convection cooling device, the radiation cooling device consisting of an essentially cylindrical pressure vessel with a vertical longitudinal axis, an insert made of tubes arranged coaxially in the pressure vessel and a shirt surrounding the insert made of tubes, the insert being on its upper end is connected to the coal gasification system via a gas supply channel penetrating the pressure vessel and the insert forms a first gas flue and an annular space between the insert and the shirt forms a second gas flue connected downstream on the gas side, the convection cooling device standing next to the radiation cooling device also consisting of an essentially cylindrical one There is a pressure vessel with a vertical longitudinal axis and cooling tube bundles arranged therein, and a gas outlet line is connected to the pressure vessel near the upper end of the annular space running in an arc, leads into the interior of the pressure vessel of the convection cooling device, characterized in that the gas outlet line is led from above to the pressure vessel of the convection cooling device and that it is detachably connected to the two pressure vessels by means of flange connections. 2. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gasaustrittsleitung gekühlt ist.2. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas outlet line is cooled. 3. Anlage nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Gasaustrittsleitung von einem Kühlmittel durchströmte Rohre angeordnet sind.3. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that pipes are arranged in the gas outlet line through which a coolant flows. 4. Anlage nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre dem Verlauf der Gasaustrittsleitung ent­sprechend gebogen und miteinander zu einem Rohrkörper verschweisst sind.4. Plant according to claim 3, characterized in that the tubes are bent according to the course of the gas outlet line and welded together to form a tubular body. 5. Anlage nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre in Strömungsrichtung des Gases über das Ende der Gasaustrittsleitung hinaus verlängert sind und in das Innere des Druckgefässes des Konvektions­kühlers ragen.5. Plant according to claim 4, characterized in that the tubes are extended in the flow direction of the gas beyond the end of the gas outlet line and protrude into the interior of the pressure vessel of the convection cooler. 6. Anlage nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeich­net, dass die Rohre an ihren Enden in je einen Ringkollektor münden.6. Plant according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the tubes open at their ends in a ring collector. 7. Anlage nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der an der Gaseintrittsseite befindliche Ringkollek­tor durch zwei Trennwände in zwei Räume unterteilt ist, an die jeweils eine unterschiedliche Anzahl von Rohren angeschlossen sind.7. Plant according to claim 6, characterized in that the ring collector located on the gas inlet side is divided into two rooms by two partition walls, to each of which a different number of pipes are connected. 8. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das in den Rohren strömende Kühlmittel das gleiche ist, das in den übrigen Heizflächen der Kühlanlage zirkuliert.8. Installation according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the coolant flowing in the tubes is the same that circulates in the other heating surfaces of the cooling system. 9. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Druckgefäss der Strahlungskühlvorrichtung und der Gasaustrittsleitung ein sich in Strömungsrichtung des Gases verjüngender Gasaustrittsstutzen vorgesehen ist.9. Installation according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that between the pressure vessel of the radiation cooling device and the gas outlet line a gas outlet nozzle tapering in the flow direction of the gas is provided. 10. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im oberen Bereich der beiden Druckgefässe, aber unterhalb der Gasaustrittsleitung eine die beiden Druckgefässe verbindende, von einem Kühlmittel durchströmte Lasche angeordnet ist.10. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the upper region of the two pressure vessels, but below the gas outlet line, a tab connecting the two pressure vessels and through which a coolant flows is arranged. 11. Anlage nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlmittelzufuhr an den Ringkollektorraum mit der kleineren Anzahl daran angeschlossener Rohre ange­schlossen ist und die Kühlmittelabfuhr an den anderen Ringkollektorraum angeschlossen ist, so dass das Kühlmittel im Naturumlauf die geringere Anzahl Rohre fallend und die grössere Anzahl Rohre steigend durchströmt.11. System according to claim 7, characterized in that the coolant supply is connected to the ring collector space with the smaller number of pipes connected thereto and the coolant discharge is connected to the other ring collector room, so that the coolant in natural circulation, the smaller number of pipes falling and the larger number Flowing through pipes.
EP89810754A 1988-10-26 1989-10-04 Hot gas cooler for a coal gasification plant Expired - Lifetime EP0366606B1 (en)

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CH3986/88A CH676603A5 (en) 1988-10-26 1988-10-26
CH3986/88 1988-10-26

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EP (1) EP0366606B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02150685A (en)
CN (1) CN1016250B (en)
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CH (1) CH676603A5 (en)
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Also Published As

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DE58903165D1 (en) 1993-02-11
JPH02150685A (en) 1990-06-08
CA1330619C (en) 1994-07-12
ZA896943B (en) 1990-06-27
EP0366606B1 (en) 1992-12-30
CH676603A5 (en) 1991-02-15
CN1042229A (en) 1990-05-16
US4959078A (en) 1990-09-25
CN1016250B (en) 1992-04-15

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