DE8912788U1 - Shoe with a closing device and flexible upper material - Google Patents

Description

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PUMA Aktiengesellschaft· *··'.&iacgr;·&Iacgr;·" ^J ·' ·· Rudolf Dassler Sport

8522 Herzogenaurach

Shoe with a closing device and flexible upper material

The present invention relates to a shoe provided with a closing device, in particular a sports, leisure or rehabilitation shoe, with an upper material that is flexible to tensile stresses in the closing area or with several flexible upper materials according to the preamble of claim 1.

A sports shoe, namely a football boot, with a fastening device of this type is known from DD-PS 89 796. In this previously known football boot, each side of the instep plate in the instep area can be tightened with a strap provided on the side parts of the shoe shaft by means of a lacing, in which a shoelace is threaded through lacing holes in the instep plate and in the side straps and can be tied behind the heel part of the football boot. With such a lacing arrangement, point pressures when tightening a lacing that usually runs over the instep are reduced and thus the blood circulation in the instep area is no longer so severely impaired. When tightening or tightening the shoelace on both sides of the instep plate, however, even lacing from the lowest to the highest lacing hole is not possible. This is due to the fact that the

Tensile stress from the free end of the lace to the last lacing hole decreases rapidly due to high friction forces. A particularly high frictional connection between the instep plate and the side tabs on the one hand and the lace on the other is caused when tightened by the closing pressure of the instep plate and the side tabs on the respective base and the lace clamped between them.

The present invention, on the other hand, is intended to solve the problem of improving this previously known double lacing in the instep area in such a way that it is possible to tension the instep shield and the side parts of the shoe shaft against each other over the entire closing area in a simple manner and with as uniform a closing or tensioning force as possible in order to ensure as uniform a pressure distribution as possible along the entire closing area.

This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterising part of claim 1.

The present invention ensures that the mutual position of the tensioning element guides in the instep plate or in the closing flaps is precisely defined and optimized in relation to one another and that the tensioning element(s) is/are not clamped by the closing pressure of the instep plate and the closing flaps, and not at specific points and/or in parts of the closing area. The central tension lock makes it possible to easily adjust the tension as continuously as possible. The locking device designed according to the invention can be prefabricated as a unit, pre-tested and used as a reliably functioning locking unit on the corresponding shoes, in particular

especially sports, leisure or rehabilitation shoes.

The arrangement of the clamping element(s) can in principle be carried out without crossing.

However, depending on the height of the shaft of the shoe, there may also be one or more crossings. Thanks to a special design of the crossing grooves, a low-friction or smooth crossing of the tensioning element(s) is also ensured in these embodiments of the present invention, since they do not lie on top of each other at any point. This allows the locking device to be slightly tensioned and relaxed, and wear is also completely avoided by avoiding high pressure at the crossing point of the tensioning element(s).

By using spring-elastic material for the closure device, a relatively stable end edge is created at the shoe opening at the end of the closure area. In a further development of the invention, this can be used to stabilize or fix the position of the tongue in relation to the closure device through a special design of the tongue end part and also to enable targeted guidance of the opening and closing upper end parts of the shoe shaft.

The use of central turnbuckles as locking devices for ski boots with shell-shaped locking flaps made of plastic in the locking area that are practically non-yielding in terms of tensile stress is known from DE-AS 20 46 890. However, this type of locking device is not intended for boots with

Tensile stresses in the closing area are applicable to flexible shaft materials, since the closing area of the previously known closing devices extends to only a short section of the closing flaps of these rigid ski boots for alpine skiing.

The same applies to the previously known central closure for alpine ski boots according to DE-AS 22 13 720, in which rope loops are used as a tension element. Another central closure with rope loops is known from DE-OS 36 26 837 for alpine ski boots. The previously known central closures cannot be manufactured as a prefabricated, pre-tested and pre-assembled unit, so that the central closures of these alpine ski boots must be coordinated and adapted to one another on a case-by-case basis.

Further advantageous details of the invention are specified in the subclaims and are described in more detail below based on the embodiments shown in the drawing.

Show it:
25

Fig. 1 a top view of the instep area

detail of a sports shoe with the closure device according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a view along section A-A of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a view along section B-B of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 the perspective view of a sports shoe with a Bowden cable as a tensioning element and a central tension lock,

Fig. 5 the instep plate with locking flap and with the central tension lock in a top view at

cover removed

Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig.
and 8th
9

a a view according to section C-C of Fig. 5,

a heel shield and flap cover for

a locking arrangement according to Fig. 5,

a a view according to section D-D of the

Fig.6,

a top view of a locking device

without cover with additional side straps,

O one side view of a sports or

Leisure shoe in the form of a low shoe with different strap design, Fig.10 a view according to section E-E of Fig.9, Fig.11

and 12 the views of the tongue end part, each in

Longitudinal section and

Fig.13 a view of the tongue according to the section F-F of Fig. 12.

In Fig. 1, 1 designates a section of a sports shoe, namely its instep area. Above the instep, an instep plate 2 is provided, which forms a structural unit with two lateral closing flaps 3 and 4 in that the latter are molded onto the end 5 of the instep plate 2 facing the tip of the shoe and from there run essentially parallel or inclined at a small, acute angle of about 5° to 15° to the instep plate 2. The closing flaps 3, 4 can also be attached to the end 5 of the instep plate 2 in an articulated manner, for example via a hinge or preferably via a spring joint.

The closing flap 3 is firmly connected, for example sewn and/or glued, to one side 6 and the closing flap 4 is firmly connected to the other side 7 of the upper material or the shoe shaft 8 of this sports shoe.

4 · ► ·

As an example, reference is made to the adhesive points 9 in Fig. 2.

The instep plate 2 and the locking flaps 3, 4 are made of spring-elastic or hard-elastic material. When unloaded, these parts of the locking device remain in the open state, which is shown in Fig. 1. Thermoplastics or duroplastics, for example polyamide, polyimide, polyurethane or the like, are used as materials for the instep plate 2 and the locking flaps 3, 4.

The upper material of the shoe shaft 8 consists of leather or synthetic leather or a fiber fabric and it can also be provided with trimmings, for example made of leather or synthetic leather or other materials. In Fig. 1, a fiber fabric part 8a is shown below the instep plate 2, which reduces the weight of the sports shoe.

The adjoining parts 6, 7 of the shoe upper 8 are, as usual, made of leather, preferably suede. The upper material of the shoe upper 8 can have a lining on the inside and it can also be provided with an inner padding layer.

Below the side parts 6 and 7 of the shoe shaft 8 there is a tongue that completely covers the closure area and can also be padded. The padding is preferably a thermoplastic, pressure-transmitting padding material in the form of foamed polyethylene, polyurethane or ethylene-vinyl acetate.

The locking flaps 3, 4 can be secured by a rope or strap,

For example, a tensioning element 11 designed as a steel wire or wire rope can be pulled against the instep plate 2. For this purpose, the tensioning element 11, starting from a central tensioning lock 12 provided on the instep plate 2, is guided alternately from the instep plate 2 to the locking flap 3 or 4 and back again and runs in guides provided there in the form of circular guide channels 13. The guide channels 13 run in the plane of the instep plate 2 or the locking flap 3 and are arranged offset from one another in such a way that the tensioning element 11 runs at least approximately in an S-shape or serpentine shape. This ensures that the tensioning element 11 is not clamped in partial areas, such as the central area MB, when tensioned over the entire locking area SB. The arrangement of the guide channels 13 is selected such that when the closing flaps 3, 4 are pulled towards the instep plate 2, an opening 14 of a guide channel 13 is congruent with the opening 14 of the opposite guide channel 13.

In the embodiment shown, each closing flap 3, 4 has two guide channels 13 and the instep plate 2 has one guide channel 13 on each side. Particularly in the case of high-shaft sports, leisure or rehabilitation shoes, more guide channels can be arranged both in the closing flap 3, 4 and in the instep plate 2.

The radius R of the guide channels 13 is chosen to be as large as possible and is at least about 7 mm up to about 15 mm depending on the shoe size. The circular arc of a guide channel 13 extends over an opening angle β of about 100° to 180°.

In order to achieve the lowest possible friction between the clamping element 11 and the wall of the guide channels 13, the instep plate 2 and the locking tabs 3, 4 are made of abrasion-resistant material with a low coefficient of friction or the guide channels 13 are lined with such a material. The guide channels 13 can also consist of a curved sleeve made of a material with a low coefficient of friction. Suitable materials for this include, for example, polyamide, polyimide, polyester, polyurethane or metals with good sliding properties, such as those used in plain bearings. In particular, the curved sleeves can be made of stainless steel, titanium or bronze.

The central tension lock 12 is preferably designed so that the tensioning element 11 can be tightened and loosened from both sides in fine steps, almost continuously or even continuously. The central tension lock 12 is advantageously designed as a rotary lock and is rotatably mounted in the instep plate 2.

Each locking flap 3, 4 has at least two guide channels 13, which are arranged at a distance from the two openings 14 of the guide channel 13 mounted opposite the instep plate 2, so that the guide channel 13 of the instep plate 2 is set to a gap. In the embodiment, a single tensioning element 11 is provided, which is pulled from the central tensioning lock 12 over the locking flap 3 through the end 5 of the instep plate 2 to the other locking flap 4 back to the central tensioning lock 12. In principle, it would also be possible to use two central tensioning locks, with each of which a tensioning element is placed between the locking flap 3 and the instep plate 2 on the one hand and the locking flap 4

and the riser plate 2 on the other hand.

Since the instep shield 2 preferably consists of hard-elastic or spring-elastic plastic material in order to be able to fulfill its function as a large-area pressure distribution plate, it is advantageous to increase the flexibility of the instep shield 2, at least in the lower area, by means of transverse material thinning points, such as grooves 15, as shown in Fig. 1 and 4. ¹ ^ Instead of grooves 15, a wave profile or a meander profile can also be provided, which creates not only the necessary flexibility but also sufficient expansion reserves.

¹ ^ Below the instep plate 2 and the locking flaps 3 and 4, sliding films 17 are provided which cover the opening gap 16, for example in the form of plastic sheets with a thickness of approximately 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. These sliding films 17 are molded or attached, preferably glued, to one side either to the instep plate 2 or to the locking flaps 3 and 4. The sliding films 17 enable the locking flaps 3, 4 to be pulled against the instep plate 2 easily and with little friction and to spring away with the same low friction when the load is released.

The sliding foils 17 thus support the parallel or wedge-shaped closing movements of the closing flaps 3, 4 towards or away from the instep plate 2.

If the instep plate 2 is made in one piece with the ^O locking flaps 3, 4, round or rounded recesses are provided at the connection points in the lower area of the instep plate 2, i.e. at the beginning of the opening gap 16, in order to reduce the notch effect at these connection points. A steel wire or a wire rope can be used as the tensioning element or elements 11.

which may be surrounded by a plastic cover with good sliding properties.

The tensioning element 11 can also consist of a Bowden cable, as shown in Fig. 4. In this embodiment, the casing 20 of the Bowden cable 19 has compressible areas 22 between the fixed articulation points 21a, 21b on the instep plate and on the locking tabs 3, 4. These compressible areas 22 of the casing 20 are preferably designed as an expandable or compressible bellows. In other respects, the embodiment according to Fig. 4 corresponds to that of Figs. 1 to 3 with regard to the other parts of the locking device.

*5 The main advantages of the described sports shoes with the central locking device according to the invention compared to known lace fastenings, such as the double lace fastening described at the beginning, are the safety of the fastening device. In particular, loops or loop parts can no longer come loose. The central tension lock can also be operated with one hand, which is just as beneficial for sports for disabled people as the use of the locking device according to the invention for rehabilitation shoes. The risk of accidents is also significantly reduced by eliminating freely hanging laces. The continuous or at least almost continuous regulation of the closing pressure over the entire closing range is important. In particular, the central tension lock enables quick and uncomplicated readjustment of the closing pressure.

In the embodiments described so far according to Figs. 1 to 4, the partial device 2, 3, 4 of the locking device either consists entirely of a uniform, homogeneous component or the instep plate 2 and

iii ··

the locking flaps 3, 4 each consist of a single component.

For manufacturing reasons or due to the material stress on the materials used, a two-part design can also be provided, as will be described below using Figs. 5 and 6.

Fig. 5 again shows the central locking device consisting of the instep plate 2, the central tension lock 12 and the two locking flaps 3, 4.

In this embodiment of the invention, instead of guide channels 13 (Fig. 1 and 2), guides in the form of upwardly raised deflection blocks 23 are provided on the locking flaps 3, 4. These deflection blocks 23 each have a protruding upper edge 24 (Fig. 5a) at least in the area of the guide of the tensioning element(s) 11, so that a guide groove 25 is created in which the tensioning element(s) 11 can slide and is secured against unintentional lifting off the deflection block 23.

The deflection blocks 23 are provided or attached to the locking flaps 3, 4 at opposite points and the instep plate 2 has no guide channels 13 and/or deflection blocks 23 here. The tensioning element 11 is thus looped around the corresponding deflection blocks 23 in the middle area MB, alternating from one locking flap 3 or 4 to the other, and can be tensioned and relaxed from the central tension lock 12. This results in a crossing point 26 of the tensioning element 11 in the middle area MB of the locking device, whereas in the upper part 27 and in the lower part 28 of the locking area SB the locking flaps 3, 4 cross without crossing

are connected to each other.

The tensioning element 11 is guided in grooves 29 to 33 over the instep plate 2. This ensures good guidance of the tensioning element or elements 11 in these areas and also reduces the pressure of the tensioned tensioning element 11 on the instep plate 2, thus reducing friction.

As can be seen from Fig. 5, the grooves 31 and 32 cross at the intersection point 26. In order to avoid or largely exclude the material of the clamping element 11 from sliding over one another at the intersection point, one groove, here the groove 31, is advantageously designed to be deeper than the other groove 32 in the illustration according to Fig. 5. Preferably, the deeper groove 31 is deeper than the other groove 32 by at least approximately the thickness of the clamping element 11, so that the friction pressure of the intersecting parts of the clamping element 11 is negligibly small or completely eliminated.

To cover the grooves 29 to 33 of the instep shield 2, an instep shield cover 34 can be applied to it in such a way that the grooves 29 to 33 are formed or retained as channels for low-friction sliding of the tensioning element(s) 11. Such an instep shield cover is shown in Fig. 6. It is provided with a recess for the passage of the central tensioning lock 12. It can be glued and/or sewn onto the instep shield 2 and/or locked to the instep shield 2 by means of known locking elements provided on the instep shield cover 34 and/or on the instep shield 2, for example locking hooks, locking lugs or the like.

Likewise, on the locking flaps 3, 4 each one, as in

.•-••13

Fig. 6, flap covers 36 and 37 can be provided to cover the arched guides for the clamping element 11 or the guide grooves 25 shown in Fig. 5a. In the latter case, the flap covers 36, 37 have openings 38 at corresponding locations into which the deflection blocks 23 engage or, for example, snap into place with the protruding upper edge 24.

In order to prevent contaminants from entering the closing area of the opening gap 16, a sliding film 17 can be provided between the instep shield cover 34 and the adjacent flap covers 36, 37, as was described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. In the embodiment according to Figs. 6 and 6a, the instep shield cover 34 and the flap covers 36, 37 consist of a single component, for example a stamped, injection-molded or cast part. In this embodiment, instead of a sliding film 17 or a corresponding flap molded on one side, a membrane 39 connected to the adjacent components can also be provided, in particular molded on, for example injection-molded. This membrane 39 can preferably be pushed together or folded together, primarily designed as a bellows (Fig. 6a).

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one tensioning strap 41 or 42 can be attached to each closing flap 3, 4 in the region 40 of the midfoot (Fig. 8 and 9), which extends laterally around the foot into the sole region 43 (Fig. 10) of the shoe and is firmly connected to the shaft material and/or the sole material of the shoe, for example glued, sewn or riveted. Such tensioning straps 41, 42 are indicated in dashed lines in Fig. 5, whereby

•••••14 '

on one, preferably on the inner locking flap, there can be one tensioning strap 41 and on the outer locking flap two tensioning straps 42.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 7, two tensioning straps 41 and 42 are provided on each of the two locking flaps 3, 4, which run parallel or approximately parallel to one another.

When using two tensioning straps 41 or 42 on one or the other locking flap 3 or 4, these can run in a V-shape towards each other. The corresponding design is illustrated in Fig. 8.

Advantageously, the tensioning straps 41, 42 can be connected to one another by a bracket 44 that runs through the entire sole 45 (Fig. 7 and 10). The instep plate 2, the closing flaps 3, 4 and the tensioning straps 41, 42, including the bracket 44, advantageously consist of a single injection-molded, cast or molded part.

The tensioning straps 41, 42 can be arranged, in particular glued and/or sewn, on the inside 46 of the shaft material 47, or inside the same, for example between the outer material and the lining of the shaft, or on the outside of the shaft (Fig. 10). When arranged on the outside of the shaft material, these tensioning straps 41, 42 can be arranged under or over trimmings of the shaft material.

Advantageously, the tensioning straps 41, 42 end below the insole 48 or the bracket 44 runs below this shoe part.

Through the mechanical connection of the tensioning straps 41, 42 with the locking flaps 3, 4 on the one hand and with the

shaft and/or sole material on the other hand or by connecting these tensioning bands 41, 42 to a uniform bracket 44 that runs through the sole 45, a new type of width adjustment system is created with which the inner dimensions of the shoe shaft can be precisely adjusted to the

The central closure 12 thus fulfills a multiple function in these embodiments of the present invention. It not only serves to generate a closing pressure that can be adjusted evenly and is evenly distributed across the instep plate, but at the same time it increases the stability of the entire shoe in the sense that the risk of overstretching of the sensitive joints and tendons, preferably in the outer area of the shoe, is reduced as far as possible.

In an advantageous development of the invention, as shown in Figs. 11 to 13, the tongue 10 in the tongue part 53 protruding beyond the end edge 49 (Fig. 1) of the closing area SB or the end edges 50, 51, 52 of the closing flaps 3, 4 and the instep shield 2 or the flap covers 36, 37 and the instep shield cover 34 (Figs. 1, 5, 6, 9) is thickened at least adjacent to these end edges 49 to 52 in such a way that a stop wall 54 is formed on these end edges. This keeps the tongue 10 in the correct position in relation to the closing area and in particular prevents it from slipping into the shoe. This advantage is particularly present if the stop wall 54 of the thickened tongue part 53 forms at least approximately a right angle with the non-thickened tongue part 10.

Due to the diverse advantages described above, the shoes designed according to the invention with the central closure described are suitable

The device is not only suitable for normal street shoes, sports and leisure shoes, but also for rehabilitation shoes, i.e. for shoes for which the described advantages in terms of operation and the strength of the central locking system are particularly important.

Claims (45)

PUMA Aktiengesellschaft Rudolf Dassler Sport 8522 Herzogenaurach Protection claims 1. Shoe provided with a closing device, in particular a sports, leisure or rehabilitation shoe, with a shaft material that is flexible in the closing area with respect to tensile stresses or with several flexible shaft materials, such as leather, synthetic leather, fiber fabric, optionally provided with leather or synthetic leather trimmings, and with an instep plate covering the instep, which can be clamped on both sides to side parts of the shoe shaft, characterized in that the instep plate (2) is movably connected at the end (5) facing the shoe tip on each side of the same to a closing flap (3, 4) made of spring-elastic material that runs essentially parallel or at a small, acute angle (06) to the instep plate (2), that the instep plate (2) is provided with a central tension lock (12), by means of which the closing flaps (3, 4) and the side parts (6, 7) of the shoe shaft (8) that are firmly connected thereto are connected via at least one tensioning element (11) carry out the movements relative to the instep plate (2) and that the tensioning element(s) (11) connect the locking tabs (3, 4) with the instep plate (2) at least in the upper and lower parts (27, 28) of the instep plate (2) without crossing (Fig. 1, 4 and 5). 2. Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the tensioning element(s) (11) connect the closing flaps (3, 4) to the instep plate (2) over the entire closing area (SB) without crossing (Fig. 1 and 4). 3. Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that in a shoe shape with a low shaft (low shoe) only one crossing (26) of the tensioning element(s) (11) is provided in the central region (MB) of the instep plate (2) (Fig. 5). 4. Shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that in a shoe shape with a high shaft (boot), two or more intersections (26) of the tensioning element(s) (11) are provided in the middle region (MB) of the instep plate (2). 5. Shoe according to one of claims 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that the instep plate (2) has intersecting grooves (31, 32) in the area of the one intersection (26) or the several intersections in the direction of the tensioning element(s) (11), the cross section of which corresponds at least approximately to the cross section of the tensioning element(s) (11) (Fig. 5). 6. Shoe according to claim 5, characterized in that one of the intersecting grooves (31 or 32) is located deeper than the other intersecting groove (32 or 31) by at least approximately the thickness of the tensioning element(s) (11). 7. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an instep shield cover (34) is attached to the instep shield (2) while forming or maintaining grooves (31, 32) or channels that completely accommodate the tensioning element(s) (11), and a flap cover (36, 37) is attached to each of the closing flaps (3, 4) (Fig. 5 and 6). ! 8. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the instep shield (2) with the two closing flaps (3, 4) consists of a single injection-molded part made of plastic and that the closing flaps (3, 4) automatically assume the open position in relation to the instep shield (2) when the injection-molded part is in the relaxed state (Fig. 1 and 5). 9. Shoe according to claim 7, characterized in that the instep shield cover (34) and the flap covers (36, 37) consist of a uniform injection-molded part made of plastic. 10. Shoe according to claim 9, characterized in that the opening gaps (16) between the adjacent sides of the instep shield (2) and the closing flaps (3, 4) or between the instep shield cover (34) and the flap covers (36, 37) are closed by flaps (17, 39) covering the opening gaps (16) (Fig. 1, 2 and 6). 11. Shoe according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the opening gaps (16) between the adjacent sides of the instep shield cover (34) and the flap covers (36, 37) are closed off by membranes (39) that can be pushed together or folded together in the closed position. 12. Shoe according to claim 11, characterized in that the membranes (39) are designed as bellows. 13. Shoe according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the instep shield cover (34) with the instep shield (2) and/or the flap covers (36, 37) with the associated closing flaps (3, 4) are locked together by locking elements provided on the mutually associated parts. 14. Shoe according to one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the instep shield cover (34) is glued to the instep shield (2) and/or the flap covers (36, 37) are glued to the associated closing flaps (3, 4). 15. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that deflection blocks (23) with guides (25) for at least one tensioning element (11) are provided on the closing flaps (3, 4), over which the tensioning element(s) (11) is or are looped alternately from one closing flap (3, 4) to the other (Fig. 5). 16. Shoe according to one of claims 2 or 7 to 14, characterized in that deflection blocks (23) with guide channels (13) for a tensioning element (11) are provided on the closing flaps (3, 4) and on the instep plate (2) opposite one another and offset from one another, the tensioning element(s) (11) being looped over the deflection blocks (23) lying opposite one another (Fig. 1). 17. Shoe according to claim 16, characterized in that in the closing flaps (3, 4) and in the instep plate (2) on sides facing each other, openings (14) of circular arc-shaped guide channels (13) arranged offset from each other are arranged opposite each other in such a way that the rope- or band-shaped tensioning element(s) (11) runs or run at least approximately S-shaped (Fig. 1 and 3). 18. Shoe according to claim 17, characterized in that at least two guide channels (13) are provided on each closing flap (3, 4) and at least one guide channel (13) is provided on each side in the instep plate (2) (Fig. 1 and 2). 19. Shoe according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the tensioning element(s) (11) is or are guided from the central tensioning lock (12) via one locking tab (3) to the instep plate (2), then back to the locking tab (3) and then to the other locking tab (4), to the instep plate (2), then back to the locking tab (4) and finally back to the central tensioning lock (12) (Fig. 1). 20. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the instep plate (2) and the closing flaps (3, 4) consist of abrasion-resistant material with a low coefficient of friction. 21. Shoe according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the guide channels (13) or guides (25) for the tensioning element (11) are lined with abrasion-resistant material with a low coefficient of friction. 22. Shoe according to claim 21, characterized in that the guide channels (13) or guides (25) by sleeves made of abrasion-resistant material with a low coefficient of friction. 23. Shoe according to one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that the abrasion-resistant material with a low coefficient of friction is made of a plastic based on or made of polyamide, polyimide, polyester, polyurethane or similar.
30 24. Shoe according to one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that the abrasion-resistant material with a low coefficient of friction consists of a metal or a metal alloy, such as stainless steel, titanium, bronze or the like. 25. Shoe according to one of claims 16 to 24, characterized in that the radius (R) of the guide channels (13) is 5 mm to 15 mm. 26. Shoe according to one of claims 16 to 25, characterized in that the opening angle (ß) of the guide channels (13) is 100° to 180°. 27. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the tensioning of the instep plate (2) and the closing flaps (3, 4) with the side parts (6, 7) of the shoe shaft can be adjusted in fine steps or even almost continuously by means of a central tension lock (12). 28. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the instep shield (2) and optionally also the instep shield cover (34) consists or consist of spring-elastic material, the flexibility of which is increased at least at the end (5) facing the shoe tip by transverse material thinning points, such as grooves (15) or the like (Fig. 1). 29. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that, in the case of a one-piece design of the instep plate (2) and closing flaps (3, 4) and/or instep plate cover (34) and flap covers (36, 37), round or rounded recesses (18) are provided at the connection points of these parts (Fig. 1). 30. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that underneath the instep shield (2) and the closing flaps (3, 4) or the instep shield cover (34) and the flap covers (36, 37) there is provided a sliding film (17) which is fastened on one side, preferably to one of the closing flaps (3 or 4) or to one of the flap covers (36 or 37) (Fig. 1 to 3). — 7 31. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that a wire rope is provided as the tensioning element (11). 32. Shoe according to claim 31, characterized in that the tensioning element (11) is covered with a plastic cover. 33. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 32, characterized in that a Bowden cable (19) is provided as the tensioning element (11) (Fig. 4). 34. Shoe according to claim 33, characterized in that the sheath (20) of the Bowden cable (19) has compressible areas (22) between the fixed articulation points (21a, 21b) on the instep plate (2) and on the closing flaps (3, 4). 35. Shoe according to claim 34, characterized in that the compressible regions (22) of the sheath (20) of the Bowden cable (19) are designed as bellows. 36. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 35, characterized in that at least one tensioning band (41, 42) is attached to the closing flaps (3, 4) in the region (40) of the metatarsal bone, which extends on the sides (6, 7) of the shoe shaft on the inside (46) of the shaft material or between different layers of the shaft material or on the outside of the shaft material to the sole region (43) and is firmly connected there to the shaft and/or the sole material (Fig. 8 to 10). 37. Shoe according to claim 36, characterized in that the tensioning straps (41, 42) provided on each side (6, 7) of the shoe upper are connected to form a uniform bracket (44) which passes through the sole (45). 38. Shoe according to claim 36 or 37, characterized in that at least two tensioning straps (42) are provided at least on the outside of the foot. 39. Shoe according to claim 38, characterized in that the tensioning straps (41, 42) on each side of the shaft run parallel or almost parallel to one another. 40. Shoe according to claim 38, characterized in that the tensioning straps (41, 42) run at an angle to each other and form at least approximately a V-shape. 41. Shoe according to one of claims 36 to 40, characterized in that the bracket (44) or the tensioning straps (41, 42) run or run below the insole (48). 42. Shoe according to one of claims 1 to 41, characterized in that the tongue (10) extends over the end edge (49) of the closing area (SB) or the end edges (50, 51, 52) of the instep plate (2), if necessary with the instep plate cover (34), and the closing flaps (3, 4), if necessary with the flap covers (38, 37), protrude and the protruding tongue part (53) is thickened outwards at least in the connection to the end edge(s) (49, 50, 51, 52) in such a way that a stop wall (54) is formed in the connection to the end edge(s) (49, 50, 51, 52) (Fig. 9 and 11 to 13). 43. Shoe according to claim 42, characterized in that the thickened tongue part (53) is tapered towards the upper tongue end (55). 44. Shoe according to claim 42 or 43, characterized in that the thickened tongue part (53) is tapered towards the side edges (56, 57) of the tongue part (53). 45. Shoe according to one of claims 42 to 44, characterized in that the stop wall (54) of the thickened tongue part (53) is connected to the non-thickened
Tongue part (10) forms at least approximately a right angle.