DE3836531A1 - Stepper motor controller - Google Patents
Stepper motor controllerInfo
- Publication number
- DE3836531A1 DE3836531A1 DE19883836531 DE3836531A DE3836531A1 DE 3836531 A1 DE3836531 A1 DE 3836531A1 DE 19883836531 DE19883836531 DE 19883836531 DE 3836531 A DE3836531 A DE 3836531A DE 3836531 A1 DE3836531 A1 DE 3836531A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- stepper motor
- motor control
- transistor
- resistor
- control according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P8/00—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors rotating step by step
- H02P8/14—Arrangements for controlling speed or speed and torque
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
- G04C3/14—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means incorporating a stepping motor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/60—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being bipolar transistors
- H03K17/66—Switching arrangements for passing the current in either direction at will; Switching arrangements for reversing the current at will
- H03K17/661—Switching arrangements for passing the current in either direction at will; Switching arrangements for reversing the current at will connected to both load terminals
- H03K17/662—Switching arrangements for passing the current in either direction at will; Switching arrangements for reversing the current at will connected to both load terminals each output circuit comprising more than one controlled bipolar transistor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K4/00—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions
- H03K4/02—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having stepped portions, e.g. staircase waveform
- H03K4/026—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having stepped portions, e.g. staircase waveform using digital techniques
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Schrittmotorsteuerungen dienen beispielsweise zum Steuern von elektroni schen Uhren. Solche Uhren bestehen aus einem Schrittmotor und einer Zahnraduntersetzung, die direkt den Uhrzeiger antreibt. Der Schrittmotor wird mit Hilfe einer Elektronik im Sekundentakt angesteuert. Der Erfin dung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schrittmotorsteuerung anzugeben, die mit möglichst geringem Spannungsverlust arbeitet. Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Schrittmotorsteuerung nach der Erfindung durch das Kenn zeichen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.Stepper motor controls are used, for example, to control electronics watches. Such watches consist of a stepper motor and one Gear reduction that drives the clock hand directly. The stepper motor is controlled with the help of electronics every second. The inventor is based on the task of specifying a stepper motor control, that works with as little voltage loss as possible. This task is in a stepper motor control according to the invention by the characteristic Sign of claim 1 solved.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an einem Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert.The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment.
Die Schrittmotorsteuerung wird gemäß der Figur mit Hilfe eines speziell auf die vorgesehene Anwendung zugeschnittenen Digital-Analogwandlers erzeugt. Eine von der Batteriespannung U Bat unabhängige Betriebsspannung liefert die aus dem Widerstand R 1, den Dioden D 20, D 21, D 22 und D 23 und dem Emitterfolger T 19 bestehende Referenzspannungsquelle. Die in der Leistungstransistorbrücke T 10, T 13, T 14 und T 15 angeordnete Last L (im allgemeinen ein Motor) erhält treppenförmige bzw. rampenförmige Spannungen durch die Transistoren T 10 und T 14. Die Last L wird jeweils auf der einen Seite mit einer treppenförmigen Spannung beaufschlagt, während die andere Seite jeweils auf Masse geschaltet wird.The stepper motor control is generated according to the figure with the aid of a digital-to-analog converter specially tailored to the intended application. An operating voltage that is independent of the battery voltage U Bat is supplied by the reference voltage source consisting of the resistor R 1 , the diodes D 20 , D 21 , D 22 and D 23 and the emitter follower T 19 . The load L (generally a motor) arranged in the power transistor bridge T 10 , T 13 , T 14 and T 15 receives step-like or ramp-shaped voltages through the transistors T 10 and T 14 . The load L is subjected to a step-like voltage on one side, while the other side is switched to ground.
Die Transistoren T 10 und T 14 liefern treppenförmige Spannungen, wenn ihre Basen durch treppenförmige Spannungen angesteuert werden. Die Transistoren T 10 und T 14 erhalten ihre treppenförmige Steuerspannungen vom Emitterfolger T 9, und zwar der Transistor T 10 über den Steuerwider stand R 8 und der Transistor T 14 über den Steuerwiderstand R 9. Damit der Transistor T 9 eine treppenförmige Spannung an die Basen der Tran sistoren T 10 und T 14 liefern kann, muß seine Basis mit einer treppenför migen Spannung angesteuert werden. Die treppenförmige Spannung für die Basis des Transistors T 9 liefert die aus den Widerständen R 4, R 5, R 6 und R 7 bestehende und von einem Teilkollektorstrom des Multikollek tortransistors T 17 durchflossene Widerstandskette. Jedem der genannten Widerstände ist die Emitter-Kollektorstrecke eines Transistors parallelge schaltet, so daß jeder Widerstand der Widerstandskette kurzgeschlossen werden kann. Dem Widerstand R 4 ist die Emitter-Kollektorstrecke des Transistors T 5, dem Widerstand R 5 ist die Emitter-Kollektorstrecke des Transistors T 6, dem Widerstand R 6 ist die Emitter-Kollektorstrecke des Transistors T 7 und dem Widerstand R 7 ist die Emitter-Kollektorstrecke des Transistors T 8 parallel geschaltet. Die Basen der parallel geschalteten Transistoren werden von Steuertransistoren angesteuert, und zwar der Transistor T 5 vom Steuertransistor T 4, der Transistor T 6 vom Steuertran sistor T 3, der Transistor T 7 vom Steuertransistor T 2 und der Transistor T 8 vom Steuertransistor T 1.The transistors T 10 and T 14 deliver step-like voltages when their bases are driven by step-like voltages. The transistors T 10 and T 14 receive their stepped control voltages from the emitter follower T 9 , namely the transistor T 10 via the control resistor R 8 and the transistor T 14 via the control resistor R 9 . So that the transistor T 9 can supply a step-shaped voltage to the bases of the transistors T 10 and T 14 , its base must be driven with a step-shaped voltage. The stair-shaped voltage for the base of the transistor T 9 provides the resistance resistor chain consisting of the resistors R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 and through a partial collector current of the multicollector gate transistor T 17 . Each of the resistors mentioned, the emitter-collector path of a transistor is switched in parallel so that each resistor of the resistor chain can be short-circuited. The resistor R 4 is the emitter-collector path of the transistor T 5 , the resistor R 5 is the emitter-collector path of the transistor T 6 , the resistor R 6 is the emitter-collector path of the transistor T 7 and the resistor R 7 is the emitter Collector path of the transistor T 8 connected in parallel. The bases of parallel connected transistors are controlled by control transistors, namely the transistor T 5 of the control transistor T 4, the transistor T 6 sistor from Steuertran T 3, the transistor T 7 of the control transistor T2 and the transistor T 8 of the control transistor T. 1
Das Kurzschließen von bestimmten Widerständen der Widerstandskette (R 4, R 5, R 6, R 7) hängt von den Logikzuständen E 1, E 2, E 4 und E 8 ab, die die Basen der Steuertransistoren (T 1, T 2, T 3, T 4) ansteuern. In Ab hängigkeit von der digitalen Information an den Steuertransistoren T 1, T 2, T 3 und T 4 kann die Spannung an der Widerstandskette (R 4, R 5, R 6, R 7) und damit auch an der Basis des Transistors T 9 treppenförmig variiert werden. Die Widerstände R 4, R 5, R 6 und R 7 der Widerstandskette sind gewichtet, d. h. ihre Widerstandswerte entsprechen einem Vielfachen der Widerstandseinheit R. Im Ausführungsbeispiel beträgt der Widerstandswert des Widerstandes R 4 8R, der Widerstandswert des Widerstandes R 5 4R, der Widerstandswert des Widerstandes R 6 2R und der Widerstandswert des Widerstandes R 7 1R. Werden die Logikzustände E 1, E 2, E 4 und E 8 einem normalbinärcodierten Vierbit-Zähler entnommen, so ergibt sich eine rampenförmige Spannung mit 16 Einzelstufen. Die Transistoren T 11, T 12, T 13 und T 14 dienen der Umpolung der treibenden Lastspannung, um den Schrittmotor (Last) mit einer einzigen Wicklung (Einphasenmotor) ausführen zu können. Dieses Umpolen erfolgt dadurch, daß entweder die Ansteuerleitungen A, A′ Strom für die Transistoren T 11, T 13 liefern oder im anders gepolten Zustand die Steuerleitungen B, B′ Basisstrom für die Transistoren T 12, T 15 liefern.The short-circuiting of certain resistors of the resistor chain (R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 ) depends on the logic states E 1 , E 2 , E 4 and E 8 , which the bases of the control transistors (T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , M 4 ). In dependence on the digital information on the control transistors T 1 , T 2 , T 3 and T 4 , the voltage across the resistor chain (R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 ) and thus also at the base of the transistor T 9 can be varied in steps. The resistors R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 of the resistor chain are weighted, ie their resistance values correspond to a multiple of the resistance unit R. In the exemplary embodiment, the resistance value of the resistor R 4 8R, the resistance value of the resistor R 5 4R, the resistance value of the resistor R 6 2R and the resistance value of the resistor R 7 1R. If the logic states E 1 , E 2 , E 4 and E 8 are taken from a normal binary-coded four-bit counter, the result is a ramp-shaped voltage with 16 individual stages. The transistors T 11 , T 12 , T 13 and T 14 serve to reverse the polarity of the driving load voltage in order to be able to execute the stepper motor (load) with a single winding (single-phase motor). This polarity reversal takes place in that either the control lines A, A ' supply current for the transistors T 11 , T 13 or, in a differently polarized state, the control lines B, B' supply base current for the transistors T 12 , T 15 .
Der Transistor T 17 bildet zusammen mit dem Transistor T 16 und dem Widerstand R 2 eine Stromquelle. Der Transistor T 18 bildet zusammen mit dem Widerstand R 3 eine Stromquelle, die Arbeitsströme für die Schalttransistoren T 5, T 6, T 7 und T 8 liefert.The transistor T 17 forms a current source together with the transistor T 16 and the resistor R 2 . The transistor T 18 forms, together with the resistor R 3, a current source which supplies working currents for the switching transistors T 5 , T 6 , T 7 and T 8 .
Die Dioden D 24, D 25 kompensieren die Basis-Emitter-Spannungsabfälle der Transistoren T 9 und T 10 bzw. T 9 und T 14.The diodes D 24 , D 25 compensate for the base-emitter voltage drops of the transistors T 9 and T 10 or T 9 and T 14 .
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19883836531 DE3836531A1 (en) | 1988-10-27 | 1988-10-27 | Stepper motor controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19883836531 DE3836531A1 (en) | 1988-10-27 | 1988-10-27 | Stepper motor controller |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3836531A1 true DE3836531A1 (en) | 1990-05-03 |
Family
ID=6365982
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19883836531 Withdrawn DE3836531A1 (en) | 1988-10-27 | 1988-10-27 | Stepper motor controller |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3836531A1 (en) |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1140970B (en) * | 1962-01-17 | 1962-12-13 | Boelkow Entwicklungen Kg | Arrangement for generating stair-shaped vibrations |
DE2047029A1 (en) * | 1969-09-25 | 1971-04-01 | Recording Designs Ltd | Rotary drive system |
DE2532397A1 (en) * | 1975-07-19 | 1977-02-10 | Licentia Gmbh | Multi collector transistor constant current supply - circuit with multiple output uses additional collector for wider voltage range |
DE2944355A1 (en) * | 1978-11-02 | 1980-06-12 | Gilson Med Electr | STEP BY STEPPING MOTOR |
DE2903552A1 (en) * | 1979-01-31 | 1980-08-14 | Siegfried Emmerich Di Schustek | Generator for electric vehicle with sinusoidal output - uses frequency control and forms approximation to ideal wave by simultaneous variation of polyphase outputs |
DE3011719A1 (en) * | 1979-03-26 | 1980-10-02 | Janome Sewing Machine Co Ltd | STEPPER MOTOR DRIVE CONTROL |
DE2953307A1 (en) * | 1979-01-29 | 1981-01-08 | Licentia Gmbh | CONTROL ARRANGEMENT FOR THE STATOR WINDINGS OF AN AC POWER MOTOR FOR HIGH DYNAMIC DRIVES |
DE2740833C2 (en) * | 1977-09-10 | 1981-09-24 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Circuit arrangement for operating electromechanical switching mechanisms |
DE3713148A1 (en) * | 1986-04-17 | 1987-10-29 | Kollmorgen Tech Corp | MICROSTAGE SWITCH DRIVE DEVICE |
-
1988
- 1988-10-27 DE DE19883836531 patent/DE3836531A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1140970B (en) * | 1962-01-17 | 1962-12-13 | Boelkow Entwicklungen Kg | Arrangement for generating stair-shaped vibrations |
DE2047029A1 (en) * | 1969-09-25 | 1971-04-01 | Recording Designs Ltd | Rotary drive system |
DE2532397A1 (en) * | 1975-07-19 | 1977-02-10 | Licentia Gmbh | Multi collector transistor constant current supply - circuit with multiple output uses additional collector for wider voltage range |
DE2740833C2 (en) * | 1977-09-10 | 1981-09-24 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Circuit arrangement for operating electromechanical switching mechanisms |
DE2944355A1 (en) * | 1978-11-02 | 1980-06-12 | Gilson Med Electr | STEP BY STEPPING MOTOR |
DE2953307A1 (en) * | 1979-01-29 | 1981-01-08 | Licentia Gmbh | CONTROL ARRANGEMENT FOR THE STATOR WINDINGS OF AN AC POWER MOTOR FOR HIGH DYNAMIC DRIVES |
DE2903552A1 (en) * | 1979-01-31 | 1980-08-14 | Siegfried Emmerich Di Schustek | Generator for electric vehicle with sinusoidal output - uses frequency control and forms approximation to ideal wave by simultaneous variation of polyphase outputs |
DE3011719A1 (en) * | 1979-03-26 | 1980-10-02 | Janome Sewing Machine Co Ltd | STEPPER MOTOR DRIVE CONTROL |
DE3713148A1 (en) * | 1986-04-17 | 1987-10-29 | Kollmorgen Tech Corp | MICROSTAGE SWITCH DRIVE DEVICE |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DE-Z: JUNGBLUT, U.: Einfacher Treppenspannungs- generator zur Kennliniendarstellung. In: Elektro- nik, vol.23, no.7, p.260-1, July 1974 * |
US-Z: YELL, R., WHITE, B., HOLLAND, K.: Improving stepping motor angular resolution. In: Electronic Engineering, March 1978, S.45-47, * |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |