DE2714593B2 - Process for coating surfaces, in particular industrial floors, for protection against abrasion and corrosion - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for coating surfaces, in particular industrial floors to protect against abrasion and corrosion by applying a hardening synthetic resin layer several times, been introduced into each of the abrasive grains or powder before hardening are.

From CH-PS 3 14 075 a method for the production of protective coatings is known in which on the / u protective surface a synthetic resin layer is applied, whereupon not in this yet hardened layer before it hardens fillers, e.g. B. copper dust, silicon carbide and the like in powder form is applied, with plastic application and powder application can be repeated. Is analog from CH-PS 1 37 286 such a method is known in which z. B. quartz sand, granite grains, etc. for Achievement of a plaster-like coating on wall surfaces in a still moist oil paint application be included, spraying on the paint and entrapping the mineral constituents can be repeated.

In this process, in which the hard particles are under considerable pressure in the not yet When a hardened synthetic resin layer is injected, the powdered fillers are intimately bonded with the synthetic resin layer as well as with the base material. This layer may in itself be quite stable, but it is through the strong injection on the surface is smooth, although optically a marbled effect is achieved. Such relatively thin protective coatings with a layer thickness of less than 0.5 mm are found in numerous everyday objects such. B. electric drills or protective hoods or sheaths of laboratory equipment application. In the case of a multiple coating, delaminations or often occur The top layers peel off, indicating the poor adhesion of the next layer to the smooth surface of each lower layer can be explained.

The invention has the task of proposing a coating method with the thicker one Protective layers on any surface, in particular industrially used floors, for example Wood, stone, steel, burnt bricks. Tiles, clinker bricks and plastic to improve resistance i "i of these surfaces against abrasion and corrosion, for example also against the action of oils, Water, sunbathing and giving up against mechanical influence, and extremely hard, result in resilient surfaces in an economical way.

According to the state of the art, there were two possibilities for this, namely:

a) a thicker synthetic resin paint is made on 4 "> and injects more particles under pressure; However, this is difficult because of the air pressure when Blowing in the particles the not yet hardened thicker plastic layer in places and unevenly what is quasi »blown flat«

ίο balances out to a small extent, but ultimately but leads to a more uneven surface. When using particles with heavy specific gravity, a layer formation or at least an un-

v> uniform accumulation of the friction agent pigments, mostly in the lower area, which is the case with many Synthetic resin systems hardens later than the outer one that is in contact with the air-conditioning material Surface. This results in considerable

ho cons;

b) if you do not want to work with a single thick layer, you can use the known ones Repeat the process one or more times, applying the resin and blowing in fillers. This

h> however / u leads to the disadvantage that on the first

smooth cured layer turn a synthetic resin varnish is applied, into which in turn the friction agent particles are pressed. To the

There are connection points between the individual layers because of the smooth surface of the previously cured resin layer irregularities or impurities that cause peeling of these individual synthetic resin layers. As a result of this also in this process Occasional settling of the solid particles to be expected, one has an uneven particle distribution.

To solve this problem, the procedure according to the invention is that the abrasive particles so be applied so that these protrude partially from the synthetic resin layer, whereupon after complete Curing the resin layer removes the excess abrasive particles and a another hardening synthetic resin layer is applied, which is then again applied with abrasive particles as before is provided and further treated, after repeated such application of abrasive particles the last; ·; Resin layer with protruding abrasive particles after removing excess Abrasive particles are covered with a synthetic resin layer.

This surprisingly ensures that the so applied and partially from the Resin layer protruding particles when applying the next resin does not interfere with this intimately interlock the next layer, this interlocking being maintained from layer to layer and itself the last synthetic resin cover layer holds in place. Here can coatings of the desired thickness depending on the Requirements for the surface with regard to abrasion, erosion and corrosion resistance, Ve; Road safety etc., be achieved.

Economy and perfection! .. of the coating of industrial floors are some of the salient properties of the method according to the invention. Another advantage is the little time it takes to maintain and maintain the floor coatings.

Further advantageous refinements of the method according to the invention emerge from the subclaims. The use of abrasive grains made from aluminum oxide and silicon carbide as well as powders Abrasives and hard fillers, like natural abrasives, contributes to the resilience of the hard surfaces, whereby the economic efficiency is further increased if the abrasive grains used made from waste from abrasive factories.

In detail, in the method according to the invention, the first layer of synthetic resin, which is in the the following is also referred to as »lacquer« to the coating surface applied after the same by brushing or spraying or cold spraying has been cleaned. Depending on the grain size of the abrasive body, the thickness of the layer is determined by the Determines the viscosity of the paint. After the abrasive grains are applied, some of these grains stick out the first coat of paint. After the paint layer has fully cured, the excess will become Grains are removed by compressed air or thinning, and then another coat of varnish is followed by that Applying more abrasive grains applied. After complete hardening, the excess will be Grains are removed again and then another layer of varnish is applied. The procedure will finally by applying a final layer of lacquer to protect the layer of abrasive grains Finished paint layers and abrasive grain layers are solid without interrupting the continuity connected to one another, whereby an overall layer with a predetermined thickness is formed. Another important point is that a given grain is half is held by the lower layer of lacquer and half by the layer of lacquer above. aside from that the second and / or the third layer of grains may have a finer grain size so that they better fills the gaps between the first applied grains

It should be noted that this application method for coating the surfaces over against known Procedure has the advantage that when /. Apply the second layer of varnish and grains the first layer has already hardened

Another important point is that the layer obtained by the process according to the invention (from about 3 mm thick) no migration and no settling of the grains at the bottom of the layer shows all Lacquer layers and grains are very well welded together. The final layer has a high mechanical Resilience on, and it's the guarantee

-'5 given that no continuous porosity occurs

These properties are particularly important for floors in commercial establishments and factories where The floors are subject to severe abrasion and exposure to various types of harsh chemicals

jo subject. They also have to be used industrially Floors must be resistant to corrosion from cleaning agents that are used every day after work or applied on weekends. Quite a number of industrial residues have to deal with solvents can be removed, thereby attacking the flooring material if the protective layer has pores or is not resistant to chemicals.

The method and means according to the invention fulfills both of the conditions mentioned, of course those of the high ones chemical resistance and that of the lack of any porosity. As the different layers of paint have been applied one after the other, there are layers of interconnected by layers of lacquer Grains before; there is no sedimentation of the grains, and there is a firm bond with practically all of them Types of flooring materials; the application is extremely quick and easy.

The following are examples

»O preferred embodiments of the invention explained in more detail. All data in "parts" and "percent" are - unless otherwise stated - weight information.

"'"' Example 1

Parts
I) polyester resin (liquid, unsaturated.

based on bisphenol) ¹ ) 8000
Wed 2) polyester resin (liquid, on the

Based on o-phthalic acid) ¹ ) 1100

]) Monomeric styrene 250

4) Cellosolve acetate 155

5) Paraffin (2% solution in styrene) 10
t>; 6) Diacetyl peroxide ') || 2

7) silicon carbide or aluminum oxide powder (grain size smaller than
0.074 mm) ³ ) 2000

Parts

4500
75

Abrasive material grains or powder (waste from the manufacture of grinding wheels; grain size from 0.42 to 0.71 mm, 0.17 to 0.35 mm or less than 0.177 mm) «)
ι Diethylenetriamine as an amine accelerator

i) Liquid polyester resins of low molecular weight (1000 to 3000) obtained by esterification of diacids (saturated or unsaturated) with glycol can be used. They have approximately the following structure:

... - C- (CHjU-C-O-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OC

Il Il Il

oo ο

IO

1-CH = CH-CO-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O ...

As a raw material, o-phthalic acid can be used as the dicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol! be used. Other starting materials, i.e. other dicarboxylic acids and glycols, can also be used. The result is o-phthalic acid or bisphenol polyester resins with different chemical properties. It is also possible to use liquid polyester resins which have a viscosity of 400 to 600 mPas; these have a varying styrene content (from 28 to 40%), they polymerize when heat is supplied or when additives develop molecular heat (heat between molecules as the starting point for the polymerization reaction).
Diacetyl peroxide

Products that occur in dust extraction systems and have a grain size of less than 0.074 mm.
All types of abrasive waste from the processing of grinding wheels or the cleaning of abrasives and dust collectors can be used; the waste should be suitably sieved to obtain the specified grain size ranges; a magnetic separation of iron parts is recommended in those cases in which the coatings should have a higher corrosion resistance.

3 (1

Example 2

1) Liquid epoxy resin ⁵ )

2) abrasive powder (from waste;
Grain size less than 0.074 mm)

3) Alumina grains or powder
(Waste from the manufacture of
Grinding wheels; Grain size of 0.42
up to 0.71 mm, 0.177 to 0.35 mm or
smaller than 0.177 mm) ⁴ )
Isopropanol

Butyl glyco!

Hydroxypropyl cellulose

Chromium oxide green

Polyamide ⁶ ) (amine value 130 to 160)

water

Additional water (added in

Moment of application)

Part 135

233

140 210 196 10 37 148 247

450

³ ) The liquid epoxy resin used in this example is a condensation polymer of bisphenol and epichlorohydrin. The structure of the epoxy resin can be roughly explained by the following structural formula:

/ \
-R-CH CH ₂ -CH, -f R

Jri

CH ₃

CH,

J — CH ₂ -CH-

wherein R is -C ₆ H ₄ -C (CHj) ₂ -C ₄ H ₄ -O _n

L-CH ₂ - CHOH-CH ₂ -O-

and π represent 0 or an integer.
⁴ ) See comment on example 1
⁶ ) The polyamides used in this example are derived from amides of the general structural formula

R-CO-NH-

from and have viscosities in the range from 600 to eOOmPas; they are all ir, this mixture solvents used compatible.

example

1) linseed oil

2) glycerin

3) pentaerythritol

4) tolylene diisocyanate TDI

5) mineral spirits

6) iron oxide pigment

Parts
64

26th
25th
12th

To prepare the urethane alkyd resin of this example, the ingredients other than the tolylene diisocyanate are used and the solvent mixed together in a suitable reaction vessel and 1 to 2 Heated to 225-235 ° C for hours to effect complete alcoholysis. Then at a temperature from 50 to 60 "C carefully added the toluene diisocyanate, and the mixture is at this temperature held until complete implementation. At this point, the required amount will be available Solvent is added and the product is immediately cooled to room temperature.

The product obtained is a urethane alkyd resin that can cure at room temperature. Its structural formula is represented by repeating units of the formula

-NH-CO-O-

marked.

This urelhan alkyd resin varnish can be mixed with 260 parts of abrasive grains Yt.w. -powders from waste from the manufacture of grinding wheels are mixed and then applied with brushes W ₁ rdcn. However, the procedure can also be such that the urethane alkyd shark lacquer is applied and that the abrasive grains (grain size 0.25 to 0.6 mm or C, 15 to 0.18 mm) are applied directly over the freshly applied lacquer. The mixture of the present example is particularly suitable for coating ship decks, with only one layer of abrasive grains being used, which is embedded between two layers of abrasive.

Claims (5)

Claims; 1. Process for coating surfaces, in particular industrial floors for protection against abrasion and corrosion by applying a hardening synthetic resin layer several times, in each of which is introduced before the hardening of the abrasive grains or powder, thereby characterized in that the abrasive particles are applied so that they partially consist of the Resin layer protrude, whereupon after the resin layer has fully cured the excess abrasive particles are removed and another hardening synthetic resin layer is applied, whereupon this in turn, as before, provided with abrasive particles and is further treated, after repeated such application of abrasive particles final synthetic resin layer with protruding abrasive particles after removing excess Abrasive parts with a synthetic resin layer is covered. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that abrasive grains or powder with a hardness of 8.5 to 9.5 on the Mohs scale can be used. 3. The method according to claims 1 to 2, characterized characterized in that abrasive grains or powder made of silicon carbide and / or aluminum oxide with ίο a grain size of less than 0.074 mm is used will. 4. Process according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the freshly applied Paint layer of abrasive grains or powder applied as a mixture of different grain sizes are, preferably a mixture of a powder with a grain size of less than 0.074 mm with powders with a grain size of less than 0.177 mm, 0.177 to 035 mm or 0.42 to 0.71 mm is applied. 5. Process according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that abrasive waste is used as grinding medium grains be used.