DE2206400A1 - COMPOSITE MATERIAL, PARTICULARLY FOR FRICTION AND SLIDING ELEMENTS WITH A METALLIC SUPPORTING BODY AND A FRICTION OR SLIDING LAYER MADE OF THERMALLY HIGHLY RESILIENT PLASTICS, AS WELL AS PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SUCH COMPOSITE MATERIALS - Google Patents

Description

PATENT ADVOCATE DIPL-PHYS. HEINRICH SEIDS

62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 12068 · Telephone (06121) 565382 Postsdfieck Frankfurt / Main 1810 08 · Bank Deutsche Bank 395 63 72 ^; Wet. Sparkasse 108 00 30 65

Wiesbaden, Φη February 10, 1972 G 278 S / ri

GIyc ο-metal works

Daelen & Loos GmbH

62 Wiesbaden-Schierstein

Composite material, in particular for friction and sliding elements with a metallic support body and a friction or sliding layer connected to the support body made of thermally highly resilient plastics, as well as processes for the production of such composite materials

The invention relates to composites, in particular for friction and sliding elements with a metallic support body and a friction or sliding layer connected to the support body Made of thermally highly resilient plastics, the thermosetting polyamide resins and improving the running properties Additives such as molybdenum disulphide, metallic, bearing alloys and the like.

309833/1101

Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53

Composite plain bearings are known in which one has perforations or recesses provided layer of polyimide glued to a support body made of steel by means of acrylic-epoxy adhesive is, the holes or depressions filled with a mixture of solid lubricant and a bearing metal are (DT-OS 2 000 632).

These known composite plain bearings with polyimide plastics however, they have considerable shortcomings, in particular because the adhesives used do not allow the high thermal load capacity of polyimide plastics.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a composite material containing polyimide resin! ' Friction or sliding layer too create the disadvantages of the known polyimide plain bearings does not have. The friction or sliding elements made from such a composite material should be durable Characterized by friction and sliding properties, high temperature resistance and the possibility of maintenance-free operation. The composite material should also be able to be produced easily and cheaply and is useful in the production of the Reibbzw. Allow sliding elements to be processed without difficulty «

This object is achieved according to the invention in that

308833/1101

Diploma Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53

the friction or sliding layer the polyimide resins and the additives improving the running properties as a mixture in fine-grained or finely powdered form and as a binder, polyimide varnish contains, which binds both the fine-grained or finely powdered mixture in the hot or sliding layer together as well as the friction or sliding layer itself connects to the support body.

Compared to the known composite plain bearings with polyimide plastics the friction or sliding layer of the composite material according to the invention is much more homogenized. This also applies above all to the heat-conductive components contained in the friction or sliding layer », acjdass The heat dissipation from the running surface of the friction or »sliding layer is practically uniform everywhere. Through the invention above all, there is also a bond between the components of the friction or sliding layer and between the friction layer The same layer and the support body are achieved in terms of temperature resistance that of the friction or sliding layer

contained polyimide plastics.

The invention is based on the novel knowledge that even lacquer-like polyimides which are soluble in solvents have sufficiently good running properties to prevent such polyimides

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309833 / 11Q1

Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53

imid varnish as a binding agent within the entire friction or Sliding layer up to the running surface of the respective Reibbzw. To be able to use sliding element.

In the context of the invention, a sliding layer can be 70 to 20 $ wt. thermosetting polyimide resins and $ 30 to $ 80 wt. self-lubricating Supplements included.

The polyimide resins and / or the polyimide paint components In the context of the invention, substances from one or more of the following groups of polyimides can be: Carboranimide, hydrogen-free polyimides, poly-triazo-pyromellithimides, Polyesterimides and polyamideimides. The polyimide resins and or the polyimide lacquer components can also be copolymers of different monomers or combinations of substances from different product classes.

In the context of the invention, additives that improve the friction or sliding properties are, for example, finely powdered additives Graphite, molybdenum disulfide and oxides into consideration. As part of the invention can in the area of the connecting surface of the Reibbzw. Sliding layer with the support body, a support fabric, for example be stored from bearing material in the friction or sliding layer. Such a support fabric can, for example consist of tin bronze.

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Diploma Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53

The support body can also be on the friction or G-Ie it layer The load-bearing side can be covered with a sintered structure, preferably made of G-Ieitwerkstoffe. This allows the connection between the support body and the friction or sliding layer. In addition, the sintering framework offers an increase in mechanical strength similar to the support fabric mentioned above.

There are already G-guide bearings known whose running layer from a porous metal frame and a filling of this metal frame with polytetrafluoroethylene alone or in combination with metallic or non-metallic additives. Such plain bearings work maintenance-free up to about + 280 ° 0. It is known to produce such plain bearings, initially by sintering on a spherical metal powder to produce a porous structure on the metallic support body and then polytetrafluoroethylene powder and metal powder in the form of a powder, paste or dispersion or as a tape on the porous structure and with the aid of pressure and temperature in the porous structure to penetrate. When producing the porous structure, the sintering temperature must be so high that it is sufficiently firm Connection of the spherical powder on the one hand with the metallic carrier and on the other hand with each other is achieved. The known Plain bearings with polytetrafluoroethylene padded des

309833/1101

Diploma Phys. Heinrid »Selds · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53

porous structures, however, have considerable disadvantages be overcome when filling the porous structure with polyimide resin stirred into polyimide varnish. Polytetrafluoroethylene This is because, unlike thermoplastics, does not enter the melt flow at elevated temperatures, but η above of the transition point at 500 ° C into a gel-like state. It therefore requires cooperation of high pressure and temperature to fill the porous structure with polytetrafluoroethylene. However, the angry The pressure should also not be too great, otherwise the pores of the porous structure will close irreversibly. Against it Polyimide resin stirred into polyimide varnish can be used set with a relatively low viscosity so that the porous Structure can be impregnated with such a mixture in a relatively simple manner.

This disadvantage is also caused by the inventive Fixed filling. The thermal load capacity of plain bearings with a porous structure and polyimide filling is essential higher than with plain bearings whose porous structure is made of polytetrafluoroethylene is filled. In the case of plain bearings with a polyimide filling, in particular, the porous structure is reduced the long-term usage temperature is high, at higher mechanical load on the bearing does not depend on how

309833/1101

Diploma Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (06121) 565382

this "in the case of plain bearings with a tetrafluoroethylene filling of the porous The structure of the pail is.

Through the reality of the relatively simple and safe
Introducing polyimide into the porous structure offers
Within the scope of the invention, there is also the possibility of forming the supporting body only by means of a sintered framework, preferably made of a bearing alloy.

In the context of the invention, the support body can also be formed from perforated steel or bronze sheet.

With the invention it is finally possible to adjust the thickness
to choose a much larger friction or sliding layer,
so that the tread on the composite material or or and the
friction or sliding elements produced therefrom can be machined. For example, the thickness of the running layer can be about 0.1 to 0.5 mm. In contrast, is
the thickness of the sliding layer in bearings with a porous structure and
Polytetrafluoroethylene filling about 0.020 mm so far. Due to the much greater thickness of the friction or sliding layer, the friction or sliding layer produced from composite material according to the invention. Sliding elements also achieved a significantly longer service life.

309833/1101

Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney ■ 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 - P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53

Purely the production of composite material according to the invention a method is particularly suitable in which initially a the supporting body forming tape continuously with the Reibbzw. Overlayer forming material and this material is at least partially cured.

According to the invention, finely powdered polyimide varnish is used for this purpose Polyimide resin and fillers are intimately mixed and homogenized to low viscosity to pasty JPorm, and it the mixture prepared in this way will have the desired coating thickness Brushed the appropriate amount on the support body and cured on this. This manufacturing process is particularly easy. It also offers the possibility of a porous support or a porous design of the support body to set the viscosity of the mixture so low that the porous structure is largely affected by its structure is independent. In a preferred embodiment of the method, a band forming the support body and a Supporting fabric continuously placed on top of one another and continuously together with the homogenized mixture of polyimide varnish, Painted polyimide resin and fillers. For machining, within the scope of the invention, the method according to According to the invention, the friction or sliding layer is peeled after hardening to a predetermined, closely tolerated final thickness will. For the production of friction and sliding elements

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Diploma Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 ■ Telephone (0 6121) 56 53

with a very small radius, it is recommended that the friction or To harden the sliding layer on the support band and, if necessary, to machine to the specified final thickness, to form friction or sliding elements from this composite material and then through-harden the friction or sliding layer on the friction or sliding elements.

Some exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Figures 1 to 3 enlarged sections through composite material according to the invention and

FIG. 4 a »Scheme for the production of composite material according to the invention in the embodiment according to FIG. 1.

In the example of Figure 1, a fabric 2 made of bearing material, namely tin bronze, is on the support body 1 made of steel, hung up. This fabric 2 made of tin bronze is penetrated by a mixture of polyimide plastic particles 3, Graphite particles 4 and all of these parts 3 and 4 and the tin bronze fabric 2 holding together and with the surface of the support body 1 firmly connecting mass 5 from Polyimide lacquer-r

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309833/1101

Diploma Phys. Heinridi Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (06121) 56 5382

In the example of Figure 2 is on a support body 1, for example made of steel, a sintered G-frame 6 made of stock material, for example bronze applied. In the Sinter-G-frame 6 is a mixture of polyamide particles 3, graphite particles 4 and one all of the particles holding together and firmly impregnated with the sinter frame 6 and the support body 1 connecting mass 5 made of polyimide varnish.

In the example of the egg 3 is a perforated support body 1, for example a perforated sheet steel is provided. This support body 1 is on one side with a Gcirl.?oh made of polyimide particles 31 graphite particles 4 and one that holds all the particles together Applied mass 5 made of polyimide lacquer, this mixture also penetrating the holes in the support body 1. in the Within the scope of the invention, the support body 1 can also be omitted, in particular if the mixture of polyimide particles 3, 4 particles of runnability improving Material and all the particles of the cohesive mass 5 made of polyimide varnish, sufficient mechanical property of the Layer ensuring an insert, for example like the tin bronze fabric 2 shown in FIG. 1 or a self-supporting one Sinter framework 6 contains.

The thickness of the overlay applied can be approximately 0.15 to 0.5 mm, in particular in the examples in FIGS. 1 and 3

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309833/1101

Diploma Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney ■ 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 12068 · Telephone (06121) 565382

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lie. This layer thickness and the way it is built up Layer make it possible to carry out machining on the running surface.

Mr the manufacture of composite material according to the invention a method is particularly suitable, as is clear from FIG. After that, a roll-off device 11 a metallic support body or metallic Trägar 12 and from a second unwinding device 13 a support fabric 14, preferably made of a bearing alloy, for example Tin bronze, stripped. The support body 12 and the support fabric 14 are superposed by a roller 15 or a pair of rollers placed and pulled from there under a metering device and loading device. The dosing device has a storage and metering vessel 16, which closes off after the union roller 15 by a slide 17. The mixture of polyimide lacquer is in the storage and dosing vessel 16 in a low-viscosity to pasty form, Contain polyamide particles and fillers. The mixture is continuously mixed by a stirrer 18. To the The storage and metering vessel 16 is followed by a scraper 19 on which the desired layer thickness is to be set. Behind this stripper 19, the coated support body 12 runs with the into the layer formed from the mixture embedded support fabric 14 by a suction device

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Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Silk · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bientadter Höhe 15 · Pottfadi 120 6 » · Telephone (06121) 56 53 · 2

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armed furnace 20 · In the area of this furnace, the hardening of the applied G-Ie it layer, its connection with the Support fabric 14 and the metallic carrier 12 made. This is followed by a cooling device 21 working with water. It could also take place within the scope of the invention the Wasserktthleinriohtung 21 an air cooling device can be provided. Ultimately, by subsequent machining by means of a paring knife »22 an enj> tolerable final thickness can be set. The finished tape is then deflected over a roller 23 and wound onto a reel 24.

Embodiment 1 t

41 parts by weight of a resin solution are mixed with polyimide (polyamide-laok) with 28 parts by weight of a fine powder mixture of 75% weight of polybisballinimide and 25% Weighted graphite, 17 weight parts IT-methylpyrrolidone and 11 weight parts xylene mixed and on a rotary roll mill homogenized. The mixture obtained in this way is applied to a metallic support by means of the method explained above 12 with a feed of a Znnbronse fabric 14 with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a width of 0.060 mm, a layer thickness of 0.35 mm being set, times the baking for 1.5 minutes at a temperature of 300 ° is cooled with air or water and is durable

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CHpL-Phy ». Heinrich 5e »ds · Patentanwalt ·« 2 Wiesbaden · Blerstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53

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Processing of the tape a desired layer thickness with a xolerans of -O _f O1 mm. Plain bearings are produced from the strip in a known manner, which enable maintenance-free operation up to 350 ° C.

Embodiment 2t

Composition of the mixture and application to the metallic Support body 12! Together with a support fabric. 14 are carried out in the same way as in example 1. The brightened, The sole reinforced by the support fabric 14 is initially cured at 180 ° for 1.5 minutes As in Example 1, the hardened layer can be adjusted to the desired layer thickness by machining · After the production of G-Ie it store from the The strip-shaped composite material prepared in this way is passed through a sintered durum furnace in bulk for 1.5 minutes gesohiokt, the layer at a temperature of 300 ° 0 is completely thermoset and maintains its optimal properties · The latter procedure is recommended especially when very small friction or sliding elements with small radii are to be produced

All features of the subject of the application reproduced in the description, the drawing and the claims can be of essential importance for the invention on their own or in any conceivable combination

309833/1101 ommmi inspected

Claims (16)

DipL-Phy ». Heinrich Seidt · Patent attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 ■ P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 S3 Patent claims aassssaaaassasssassaassassaaa 1. Composite material with a metallic support body and a friction or sliding joint made of thermally highly resilient plastics, the thermosetting polyimide resins and additives such as polytetrafluoroethylene, metallic bearing alloy or the like, which are connected to the support body by means of adhesive. contains, characterized in that the friction or "Gleit" sohioht the polyimide resins and the additives improving the running properties as a mixture ^? If it is in single-grain or fine-powder form and contains polyimide-laok as a binding agent, which binds the fine-grain or fine-powder mixture in the friction or sliding layer and also connects the friction or sliding layer itself with the support body. 2. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized by a sliding resistance which is about 70 to 20 # wt. Heat-hardenable Polyimide resins and about 30 to 80 ^ wt. Self-lubricating Contains additives. 3 Composite material naoh JLnapruoh 1 or 2, characterized by it, dais the polyimide resins and or «the polyimide-Laok constituents Substances of one or more of the following OWÄNAL INSPECTiD ■ - 2 - 309833/1101 Dipl.-Phyf. Heinrich Seids · Patttitanwalt · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 «121) 56 53 SZ Groups of polyimides are: arboranimide, water-free Polyimides, poly-triazo-pyromellithimides, polyesterimides and polyamide imides. 4 · Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the polyimide resins and or or the polyimide varnish consists of copolymers of various types Monomers or combinations of different substances Product classes are " 5. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that fine-powder graphite, molybdenum disulfide, and oxides as the friction foaw _e sliding shafts improving ütasävae Torgeseliea 6. Composite material according to one of the tests 1 to 5, dmäuroh marked that in the area of the connection area the Sliding layer with the support body a support fabric, for example made of storage material, stored in the sliding aohioht is. 7 composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that that the support fabric is made of a bearing alloy, for example Tin bronze. ORIQiNAL INSPECTED 309833/1101 Dipl.-Phys. Heinrich Selds Patent Attorney -62 Wiesbaden Bierstadter Höhe 15 Pottfadi 12Θ6 Telephone (06121) 565302 8. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized marked that the StütEkörper on the Side carrying the friction or sliding layer with a sintered framework, for example made of bearing alloy, is occupied. 9. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 5 »daduroh characterized in that the support body is formed by a sintered ge · rust, for example from bearing alloy, is formed 10. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the support body is formed from perforated steel or bronze bleoh. Having 11. A composite material according to any one of Ansprüohe 1 to 10, _m daduroh in that the friction or sliding layer has a thickness ron about 0.1 to 0.5 mm and is, if necessary, processed by machining on the running surface. 12. The method for the production of composite material according to claim 1, wherein first of all a supporting body forming Tape continuously covered with the material forming the friction or sliding layer and this material at least is partially cured, because it is known that polyimide varnish, fine-grained or finely powdered polyimide resin and fillers intimately mixed with one another and added to - 4th 309833/1101 Diploma Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53 low viscosity "to pasty 3? orm are homogenized, and that the mixture prepared in this way in the amount corresponding to the desired coating thickness the support body is painted on and cured on this. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that ' a band forming the support body and a support fabric band continuously laid one on top of the other and continuously together be coated with the homogenized mixture of polyamide varnish, polyimide resin and fillers. 14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the friction or sliding layer after hardening a predetermined, tightly tolerated final thickness is peeled. 15. The method according to claim 12 or 13 for the production of Friction or sliding elements, characterized in that the friction or sliding layer is hardened on the support body and possibly machined to the specified final thickness that friction or sliding elements are formed from the composite material and that the friction or Sliding layer is then hardened through on the friction or sliding elements. 3 0 ^ -83 3 · / 1101 Diploma Phys. Heinrich Seids · Patent Attorney · 62 Wiesbaden · Bierstadter Höhe 15 · P.O. Box 120 68 · Telephone (0 6121) 56 53 ι -Telephone (06121) 56f -T- 16. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that to prepare the mixture of polyimide paint, Polyimide resin and fillers 14 parts by weight a lacquer-like resin solution of a polyimide with 28 parts by weight of a mixture of $ 75 by weight of a fine-grained or fine-powdered polybismaleimides and 25 # wt. graphite, 17 wt. st eile U-methylpyrrolidone and 11 parts by weight of xylene are mixed and homogenized on a three-roll mill. 17 · The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the mixture of polyimide laok applied to the support body, Polyimide resin and fillers at a temperature of approx. 300 ° C for a period of approx. 1.5 minutes. is hardened through to the support body. 18, the method according to claim 16 for the production of plain bearings. characterized in that the mixture of polyimide varnish, polyimide resin and fillers applied to the support body at a temperature of oa. 180 ° 0 pre-hardened on the support body over a period of approx. 1.5 minutes and after the sliding bearings have been formed at a temperature of approx. 300 ° 0 over the duration of the above. 1.5 mn. completely hardened will. 309833/1101 Blank page