DE197708C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE197708C DE197708C DENDAT197708D DE197708DA DE197708C DE 197708 C DE197708 C DE 197708C DE NDAT197708 D DENDAT197708 D DE NDAT197708D DE 197708D A DE197708D A DE 197708DA DE 197708 C DE197708 C DE 197708C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- salt
- water
- plaster
- cooling
- paris
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 4
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L mgso4 Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021395 porridge Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000182341 Cubitermes group Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
JVl 197708 KLASSE 84 c. GRUPPEJVl 197708 CLASS 84 c. GROUP
C. PLOCK in BERLINC. PLOCK in BERLIN
Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 17. März 1904 ab. Patented in the German Empire on March 17, 1904 .
Verfahren zur Versteinerung von Bodenschichten sind bereits bekannt; man hat beispielsweise Zement in groben Kiesboden eingebracht, aber hierbei-läßt sich der Umfang der versteinerten Bodenschichten nicht genau feststellen. Bei anderen Verfahren werden dem Boden Silikate zugesetzt, wobei sich feste Massen auf dem Wege chemischer Umsetzung innerhalb des Baugrundes bilden,Processes for petrifying soil layers are already known; one has, for example Cement placed in coarse gravel soil, but here-the scope of the petrified soil layers cannot be precisely determined. Other procedures will be Silicates are added to the soil, whereby solid masses are chemically converted form within the subsoil,
ίο aber hierbei wird die Mischung der Stoffe meistens ungleichmäßig sein und an manchen Stellen überhaupt nicht erfolgen. Ferner ist es bekannt, die Bodenschichten, welchen geschmolzene Massen zum Zwecke der Versteinerung zugeführt, werden sollen, vorher zu erwärmen. Die Erwärmung erfolgt dabei durch Einblasen von Wasserdampf oder Einpressen von Wasser derart, daß der Dampf oder das heiße Wasser einen Weg nimmt, den man nicht kennt, so daß die Grenzen der Versteinerung nicht genau zu bestimmen sind.ίο but this is the mixture of substances mostly uneven and not done at all in some places. Furthermore is it is known, the soil layers, which molten masses for the purpose of petrification supplied, should be heated beforehand. The heating takes place by blowing in steam or injecting water in such a way that the steam or the hot water takes a path that is unknown, so that the limits of fossilization cannot be precisely determined are.
Im Gegensatz hierzu und zu dem ebenfalls bekannten Gefrierverfahren, bei dem das Grundwasser auf einem bestimmbar begrenzten Gebiet zur Erstarrung gebracht wird, soll nach vorliegendem Verfahren der Baugrund durch geeignete Heizkörper über die Schmelztemperatur eines später einzubringenden Salzes,In contrast to this and the also known freezing process, in which the Groundwater is made to solidify in a definable limited area, should According to the present method, the subsoil by means of suitable heating elements above the melting temperature a salt to be added later,
z. B. von Gips, erwärmt werden. Die Wärme schreitet von den Heizkörpern aus gleichni'äßig durch Leitung fort, wobei der Wärmegrad in größerer Entfernung vom Heizkörper allmählich geringer wird.z. B. of plaster of paris, are heated. The heat from the radiators progresses evenly by conduction, the degree of heat gradually decreasing further away from the radiator.
In dieser Aufheizung des Bodens liegt ein großer Vorzug gegenüber dem Gefrierverfahren, bei dem mittels der eingebrachten Kälterohre eine erhebliche Anzahl von Wärmeeinheiten aus dem Boden und dem Grundwasser herauszunehmen ist; dies ist aber nur mit Hilfe von Kälteerzeugungsmaschinen möglich, d.h. unter Aufwendung mechanischer Arbeit, welche selbst aus verbrauchten Wärmemengen hergeleitet wird, von deren Gleichwert (Äquivalent) sie nur ein kleiner Teil ist; demzufolge ist bekanntlich eine sogenannte negative Wärmeeinheit bedeutend teurer als eine positive Wärmeeinheit.This heating of the floor is a great advantage over the freezing process, with a considerable number of thermal units by means of the cold pipes introduced to be removed from the soil and groundwater; but this is only possible with the help of refrigeration machines, i.e. with the use of mechanical work, which itself comes from the amount of heat consumed is derived, of whose equivalence it is only a small part; therefore is known to be a so-called negative heat unit significantly more expensive than a positive heat unit.
Auch bei der Aufheizung des Bodens und bei der Vorbereitung von Salzen für die Erstarrung in der geheizten Zone sind Wärmemengen zur Darstellung der Schmelzwärme erforderlich, aber diese Schmelzwärme wird durch unmittelbare Überführung aus Heizkörpern geliefert; sie stellt also billige, positive Wärmeeinheiten dar.Also when heating the soil and when preparing salts for the Solidification in the heated zone is the amount of heat to represent the heat of fusion required, but this heat of fusion is generated by direct transfer from radiators delivered; it therefore represents cheap, positive units of heat.
Bei dem vorliegenden Verfahren ist es möglich, ein genau begrenztes Gebiet auf die über den Schmelzpunkt des betreffenden Salzes liegende Wärme zu bringen. Wird nun das Salz eingeführt, z. B. durch die Heizrohre hineingepreßt, so bewegt es sich in flüssiger Form innerhalb der heißen Zone und erstarrt hier an der Grenze von warm zuWith the present method, it is possible to cover a precisely limited area heat above the melting point of the salt in question. If the salt is now introduced, e.g. B. through the heating pipes pressed into it, it moves in liquid form within the hot zone and freezes here on the border of warm to
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE197708C true DE197708C (en) |
Family
ID=460575
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT197708D Active DE197708C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE197708C (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1035184B (en) * | 1952-06-24 | 1958-07-31 | Kurt Oswald | Method for repairing leaky building insulation, in particular tunnel insulation |
US4629309A (en) * | 1983-11-24 | 1986-12-16 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Developer supply system for dry process electrophotographic recording apparatus |
-
0
- DE DENDAT197708D patent/DE197708C/de active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1035184B (en) * | 1952-06-24 | 1958-07-31 | Kurt Oswald | Method for repairing leaky building insulation, in particular tunnel insulation |
US4629309A (en) * | 1983-11-24 | 1986-12-16 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Developer supply system for dry process electrophotographic recording apparatus |
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